@article{DiekmannAndresBeckeretal.2019, author = {Diekmann, Martin and Andres, Christian and Becker, Thomas and Bennie, Jonathan and Blueml, Volker and Bullock, James M. and Culmsee, Heike and Fanigliulo, Miriam and Hahn, Annett and Heinken, Thilo and Leuschner, Christoph and Luka, Stefanie and Meissner, Justus and M{\"u}ller, Josef and Newton, Adrian and Peppler-Lisbach, Cord and Rosenthal, Gert and van den Berg, Leon J. L. and Vergeer, Philippine and Wesche, Karsten}, title = {Patterns of long-term vegetation change vary between different types of semi-natural grasslands in Western and Central Europe}, series = {Journal of vegetation science}, volume = {30}, journal = {Journal of vegetation science}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1100-9233}, doi = {10.1111/jvs.12727}, pages = {187 -- 202}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Questions Has plant species richness in semi-natural grasslands changed over recent decades? Do the temporal trends of habitat specialists differ from those of habitat generalists? Has there been a homogenization of the grassland vegetation? Location Different regions in Germany and the UK. Methods We conducted a formal meta-analysis of re-survey vegetation studies of semi-natural grasslands. In total, 23 data sets were compiled, spanning up to 75 years between the surveys, including 13 data sets from wet grasslands, six from dry grasslands and four from other grassland types. Edaphic conditions were assessed using mean Ellenberg indicator values for soil moisture, nitrogen and pH. Changes in species richness and environmental variables were evaluated using response ratios. Results In most wet grasslands, total species richness declined over time, while habitat specialists almost completely vanished. The number of species losses increased with increasing time between the surveys and were associated with a strong decrease in soil moisture and higher soil nutrient contents. Wet grasslands in nature reserves showed no such changes or even opposite trends. In dry grasslands and other grassland types, total species richness did not consistently change, but the number or proportions of habitat specialists declined. There were also considerable changes in species composition, especially in wet grasslands that often have been converted into intensively managed, highly productive meadows or pastures. We did not find a general homogenization of the vegetation in any of the grassland types. Conclusions The results document the widespread deterioration of semi-natural grasslands, especially of those types that can easily be transformed to high production grasslands. The main causes for the loss of grassland specialists are changed management in combination with increased fertilization and nitrogen deposition. Dry grasslands are most resistant to change, but also show a long-term trend towards an increase in more mesotrophic species.}, language = {en} } @article{Krueger2019, author = {Kr{\"u}ger, Hans-Peter}, title = {How is the Human Life-Form of Mind Really Possible in Nature?}, series = {Human studies}, volume = {42}, journal = {Human studies}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0163-8548}, doi = {10.1007/s10746-017-9429-5}, pages = {47 -- 64}, year = {2019}, abstract = {J. Dewey and H. Plessner both and independently of one another treated the central question of what new task philosophy must set itself if the assumption is correct that the life-form of mind, i.e., the mental life-form of humans, arose in nature and must also sustain itself in the future within nature. If nature has to reconceived so as to make the irreducible qualities of life and mind truly possible, then it can no longer be restricted to the role of physical material. Conversely humans cannot no longer take on the role of God outside and independent of nature. Instead these philosophers distinguish between three plateaus (Dewey) or stages (Plessner), between physical (inorganic) nature, psycho-physical (living) nature and the nature that is mental life. This distinction is drawn such that a connection between the plateaus is truly possible. The third level, that of the mental form of life, answers mentally within conduct to the break with the first two levels. Hence it depends in the future as well on the continuously renewed difference (between the precarious and the stable for Dewey, between immediacy and mediation for Plessner) in our experience of nature. Within this difference nature as a whole remains an open unknown, which is why we can credit Dewey with a philosophy of diversified and negative holism, Plessner with a differential philosophy of the negativity of the absolute.}, language = {en} } @article{Aldrup2019, author = {Aldrup, Marit}, title = {Well let me put it uhm the other way around maybe'}, series = {Classroom discourse}, volume = {10}, journal = {Classroom discourse}, number = {1}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1946-3014}, doi = {10.1080/19463014.2019.1567360}, pages = {46 -- 70}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This study is concerned with repair practices that a teacher and students employ to restore intersubjectivity when faced with interactional problems in a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) classroom. Adopting a conversation analytic (CA) approach, it examines the interactional treatment of students' verbal and embodied trouble displays in a video-recorded, teacher-fronted geography lesson held in English at a German high school. At the same time, it explores to what extent the repair practices employed are fitted to this specific interactional context. The analysis shows that students' verbal trouble displays often result in extensive repair sequences, whereas students' embodied trouble displays are usually met with teacher self-repair in the transition space. In this way, the latter are resolved much earlier and more quickly. The study further reveals practices like reformulation and translation to be especially useful for repairing interactional problems in classrooms in which a foreign language is used as the medium of instruction. The findings may be of interest for prospective as well as practicing teachers in that they provide relevant insights into how interactional trouble can be successfully managed in (CLIL) classroom interaction.}, language = {en} } @article{TanabeLeimkuehlerDahl2019, author = {Tanabe, Tomohisa Sebastian and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke and Dahl, Christiane}, title = {The functional diversity of the prokaryotic sulfur carrier protein TusA}, series = {Advances in microbial physiology}, volume = {75}, journal = {Advances in microbial physiology}, editor = {Poole, RK}, publisher = {Elsevier Acad. Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {978-0-12-817715-0}, issn = {0065-2911}, doi = {10.1016/bs.ampbs.2019.07.004}, pages = {233 -- 277}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Persulfide groups participate in a wide array of biochemical pathways and are chemically very versatile. The TusA protein has been identified as a central element supplying and transferring sulfur as persulfide to a number of important biosynthetic pathways, like molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis or thiomodifications in nucleosides of tRNAs. In recent years, it has furthermore become obvious that this protein is indispensable for the oxidation of sulfur compounds in the cytoplasm. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that different TusA protein variants exists in certain organisms, that have evolved to pursue specific roles in cellular pathways. The specific TusA-like proteins thereby cannot replace each other in their specific roles and are rather specific to one sulfur transfer pathway or shared between two pathways. While certain bacteria like Escherichia coli contain several copies of TusA-like proteins, in other bacteria like Allochromatium vinosum a single copy of TusA is present with an essential role for this organism. Here, we give an overview on the multiple roles of the various TusA-like proteins in sulfur transfer pathways in different organisms to shed light on the remaining mysteries of this versatile protein.}, language = {en} } @article{Riemer2019, author = {Riemer, Nathanael}, title = {Messianische Juden und ihr Beitrag zu deutsch-j{\"u}dischen und deutsch-israelischen Begegnungen}, series = {Juden und Nichtjuden nach der Shoah : Begegnungen in Deutschland}, journal = {Juden und Nichtjuden nach der Shoah : Begegnungen in Deutschland}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-057008-3}, doi = {10.1515/9783110570083-013}, pages = {167 -- 194}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{LambrechtBogdaKochetal.2019, author = {Lambrecht, Jennifer and Bogda, Katja and Koch, Helvi and Nottbusch, Guido and Sp{\"o}rer, Nadine}, title = {L{\"a}ngsschnittliche Effekte der h{\"a}uslichen und institutionellen Lernumwelt auf den Wortschatz von Grundschulkindern - ein Vergleich}, series = {Journal for educational research online - JERO}, volume = {11}, journal = {Journal for educational research online - JERO}, number = {2}, publisher = {Waxmann}, address = {M{\"u}nster}, issn = {1866-6671}, pages = {86 -- 115}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Es wird angenommen, dass f{\"u}r den fr{\"u}hen Kompetenzerwerb eines Kindes neben dem famili{\"a}ren Hintergrund und Merkmalen des Kindes die Lernumgebungen eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Die vorliegende Studie verfolgte das Ziel, die Effekte der h{\"a}uslichen und der institutionellen Lernumgebung von Kindergartenkindern auf den fr{\"u}hen Wortschatzerwerb zu vergleichen und notwendige Bedingungen f{\"u}r einen kompensatorischen Effekt der institutionellen Lernumgebung zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen. Anhand l{\"a}ngsschnittlicher Daten von N = 557 Kindergartenkindern aus dem deutschen Nationalen Bildungspanel (NEPS) wurde untersucht, in welchem Ausmaß der famili{\"a}re Hintergrund und die Merkmale eines Kindes die h{\"a}usliche und institutionelle Lernumgebung pr{\"a}dizieren und in welchem Ausmaß diese wiederum den Wortschatz in der Vorschule und in der ersten Klasse vorhersagen. Um zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen, ob die beiden Lernumgebungen einen jeweils eigenst{\"a}ndigen Beitrag zur Pr{\"a}diktion des Wortschatzes leisten, wurden nahezu identische Indikatoren zur Operationalisierung verwendet. Mittels Strukturgleichungsmodellierung wurden die Effekte gesch{\"a}tzt. Die Studie zeigte, dass die h{\"a}usliche und institutionelle Lernumgebung eines Kindes kleine sowie voneinander abgrenzbare Effekte auf den Wortschatz hatten. Dabei war die h{\"a}usliche Lernumwelt st{\"a}rker mit dem famili{\"a}ren Hintergrund assoziiert, w{\"a}hrend die institutionelle Lernumgebung st{\"a}rker durch Merkmale des Kindes selbst pr{\"a}diziert wurde. Dies er{\"o}ffnet neue M{\"o}glichkeiten der Diskussion kompensatorischer Effekte.}, language = {en} } @article{RosenbaumRaatzWeithoffetal.2019, author = {Rosenbaum, Benjamin and Raatz, Michael and Weithoff, Guntram and Fussmann, Gregor F. and Gaedke, Ursula}, title = {Estimating parameters from multiple time series of population dynamics using bayesian inference}, series = {Frontiers in ecology and evolution}, volume = {6}, journal = {Frontiers in ecology and evolution}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-701X}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2018.00234}, pages = {14}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Empirical time series of interacting entities, e.g., species abundances, are highly useful to study ecological mechanisms. Mathematical models are valuable tools to further elucidate those mechanisms and underlying processes. However, obtaining an agreement between model predictions and experimental observations remains a demanding task. As models always abstract from reality one parameter often summarizes several properties. Parameter measurements are performed in additional experiments independent of the ones delivering the time series. Transferring these parameter values to different settings may result in incorrect parametrizations. On top of that, the properties of organisms and thus the respective parameter values may vary considerably. These issues limit the use of a priori model parametrizations. In this study, we present a method suited for a direct estimation of model parameters and their variability from experimental time series data. We combine numerical simulations of a continuous-time dynamical population model with Bayesian inference, using a hierarchical framework that allows for variability of individual parameters. The method is applied to a comprehensive set of time series from a laboratory predator-prey system that features both steady states and cyclic population dynamics. Our model predictions are able to reproduce both steady states and cyclic dynamics of the data. Additionally to the direct estimates of the parameter values, the Bayesian approach also provides their uncertainties. We found that fitting cyclic population dynamics, which contain more information on the process rates than steady states, yields more precise parameter estimates. We detected significant variability among parameters of different time series and identified the variation in the maximum growth rate of the prey as a source for the transition from steady states to cyclic dynamics. By lending more flexibility to the model, our approach facilitates parametrizations and shows more easily which patterns in time series can be explained also by simple models. Applying Bayesian inference and dynamical population models in conjunction may help to quantify the profound variability in organismal properties in nature.}, language = {en} } @article{XueLiuWangetal.2019, author = {Xue, Rui and Liu, Ruo-Yu and Wang, Xiang-Yu and Yan, Huirong and B{\"o}ttcher, Markus}, title = {On the minimum jet power of TeV BL Lac objects in the p-gamma model}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {871}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/aaf720}, pages = {10}, year = {2019}, abstract = {We study the requirement of the jet power in the conventional p-gamma models (photopion production and Bethe-Heitler pair production) for TeV BL Lac objects. We select a sample of TeV BL Lac objects whose spectral energy distributions are difficult to explain by the one-zone leptonic model. Based on the relation between the p-gamma interaction efficiency and the opacity of gamma gamma absorption, we find that the detection of TeV emission poses upper limits on the p-gamma interaction efficiencies in these sources and hence minimum jet powers can be derived accordingly. We find that the obtained minimum jet powers exceed the Eddington luminosity of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Implications for the accretion mode of the SMBHs in these BL Lac objects and the origin of their TeV emissions are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{Sorg2019, author = {Sorg, Bernhard}, title = {Zur Konstruktion eines transzendentalen {\"a}sthetischen Subjekts bei Bernhard und Jelinek}, series = {Elfriede Jelinek und Thomas Bernhard Intertextualit{\"a}t - Korrelationen - Korrespondenzen}, volume = {154}, journal = {Elfriede Jelinek und Thomas Bernhard Intertextualit{\"a}t - Korrelationen - Korrespondenzen}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-063267-5}, doi = {10.1515/9783110632675-008}, pages = {89 -- 99}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{OPUS4-50491, title = {Elfriede Jelinek und Thomas Bernhard}, series = {Untersuchungen zur deutschen Literaturgeschichte, 154}, journal = {Untersuchungen zur deutschen Literaturgeschichte, 154}, editor = {Reinert, Bastian and G{\"o}tze, Clemens}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-063267-5}, doi = {10.1515/9783110632675}, pages = {274}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Trotz unz{\"a}hliger Forschungsbeitr{\"a}ge zur Literaturnobelpreistr{\"a}gerin Elfriede Jelinek und dem „Verweigerungsk{\"u}nstler" Thomas Bernhard wurde den Verbindungslinien beider Autoren noch nie vergleichend nachgegangen. Der Band erschließt zum 30. Todestag Bernhards (u. 15 Jahre Nobelpreis f{\"u}r Jelinek) anschaulich ein breit gef{\"a}chertes Spektrum an Themen, Perspektiven und Werken beider Schriftsteller im Vergleich. Mit einem Essay von Elfriede Jelinek.}, language = {de} }