@misc{SeissSpahn2011, author = {Seiß, Martin and Spahn, Frank}, title = {Hydrodynamics of Saturn's dense rings}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Postprint Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Postprint Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41313}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413139}, pages = {191 -- 218}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The space missions Voyager and Cassini together with earthbound observations re-vealed a wealth of structures in Saturn's rings. There are, for example, waves being excited at ring positions which are in orbital resonance with Saturn's moons. Other structures can be assigned to embedded moons like empty gaps, moon induced wakes or S-shaped propeller features. Further-more, irregular radial structures are observed in the range from 10 meters until kilometers. Here some of these structures will be discussed in the frame of hydrodynamical modeling of Saturn's dense rings. For this purpose we will characterize the physical properties of the ring particle ensemble by mean field quantities and point to the special behavior of the transport coefficients. We show that unperturbed rings can become unstable and how diffusion acts in the rings. Additionally, the alternative streamline formalism is introduced to describe perturbed regions of dense rings with applications to the wake damping and the dispersion relation of the density waves.}, language = {en} } @misc{SandinSteffenJacobetal.2011, author = {Sandin, Christer and Steffen, Matthias and Jacob, Ralf and Sch{\"o}nberner, Detlef and R{\"u}hling, Ute and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Todt, Helge Tobias}, title = {The role of heat conduction to the formation of [WC]-type planetary nebulae}, series = {Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union}, journal = {Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union}, number = {582}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41370}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413702}, pages = {494 -- 495}, year = {2011}, abstract = {X-ray observations of young Planetary Nebul{\ae} (PNe) have revealed diffuse emission in extended regions around both H-rich and H-deficient central stars. In order to also repro-duce physical properties of H-deficient objects, we have, at first, extended our time-dependent radiation-hydrodynamic models with heat conduction for such conditions. Here we present some of the important physical concepts, which determine how and when a hot wind-blown bubble forms. In this study we have had to consider the, largely unknown, evolution of the CSPN, the slow (AGB) wind, the fast hot-CSPN wind, and the chemical composition. The main conclusion of our work is that heat conduction is needed to explain X-ray properties of wind-blown bubbles also in H-deficient objects.}, language = {en} } @misc{RoesslerBomhoffHaschkeetal.2011, author = {R{\"o}ssler, Patrick and Bomhoff, Jana and Haschke, Josef Ferdinand and Kersten, Jan and M{\"u}ller, R{\"u}diger}, title = {Selection and impact of press photography}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, number = {103}, issn = {1866-8380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93694}, pages = {25}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The selection of 'good' pictures has increasingly become a crucial factor when transmitting news to the recipients. Every day thousands of events are happening and millions of pictures are taken. By choosing photographs for newspapers and magazines, photographic editorial departments want to attract the recipients' attention, evoke emotions and get them to read their stories. But what exactly is a good picture that meets these expectations? Which criteria are decisive for selecting pictures and what effects of this selection can be measured on the recipients' side? This article presents the results of a research project carried out at the University of Erfurt in 2008 and conducted in collaboration with the German weekly magazine stern. It deals with the selection and impact of press photography by introducing the concept 'photo news factors'. Applying the traditional news value theory to pictures, photo news factors are defined as selection criteria that, on the part of the communicator, decide whether the press photos are worth publishing. Furthermore, they are assumed to exert an influence on the intensity of attention that a picture arouses.}, language = {en} } @misc{RisseKliegl2011, author = {Risse, Sarah and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Adult age differences in the perceptual span during reading}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-56935}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Following up on research suggesting an age-related reduction in the rightward extent of the perceptual span during reading (Rayner, Castelhano, \& Yang, 2009), we compared old and young adults in an N+2-boundary paradigm in which a nonword preview of word N+2 or word N+2 itself is replaced by the target word once the eyes cross an invisible boundary located after word N. The intermediate word N+1 was always three letters long. Gaze durations on word N+2 were significantly shorter for identical than nonword N+2 preview both for young and for old adults with no significant difference in this preview benefit. Young adults, however, did modulate their gaze duration on word N more strongly than old adults in response to the difficulty of the parafoveal word N+1. Taken together, the results suggest a dissociation of preview benefit and parafoveal-on-foveal effect. Results are discussed in terms of age-related decline in resilience towards distributed processing while simultaneously preserving the ability to integrate parafoveal information into foveal processing. As such, the present results relate to proposals of regulatory compensation strategies older adults use to secure an overall reading speed very similar to that of young adults.}, language = {en} } @misc{RailaRohnSchweigertetal.2011, author = {Raila, Jens and Rohn, Sascha and Schweigert, Florian J. and Abraham, Getu}, title = {Increased antioxidant capacity in the plasma of dogs after a single oral dosage of tocotrienols}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {571}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41308}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413085}, pages = {4}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The intestinal absorption of tocotrienols (TCT) in dogs is, to our knowledge, so far unknown. Adult Beagle dogs (n 8) were administered a single oral dosage of a TCT-rich fraction (TRF; 40 mg/kg body weight) containing 32 \% a-TCT, 2 \% b-TCT, 27 \% g-TCT, 14 \% d-TCT and 25 \% a-tocopherol (a-TCP). Blood was sampled at baseline (fasted), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12 h after supplementation. Plasma and chylomicron concentrations of TCT and a-TCP were measured at each time point. Plasma TAG were measured enzymatically, and plasma antioxidant capacity was assessed by the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay. In fasted dogs, levels of TCT were 0·07 ( SD 0·03) mmol/l. Following the administration of the TRF, total plasma TCT peaked at 2 h (7·16 ( SD 3·88) mmol/l; P, 0·01) and remained above baseline levels (0·67 ( SD 0·44) mmol/l; P, 0·01) at 12 h. The TCT response in chylomicrons paralleled the increase in TCT in plasma with a maximum peak (3·49 ( SD 2·06) mmol/l; P, 0·01) at 2 h post-dosage. a-TCP was the major vitamin E detected in plasma and unaffected by TRF supplementation. The Trolox equivalent values increased from 2 h (776 ( SD 51·2) mmol/l) to a maximum at 12 h (1130 ( SD 7·72) mmol/l; P,0·01). The results show that TCT are detected in postprandial plasma of dogs. The increase in antioxidant capacity suggests a potential beneficial role of TCT supplementation in the prevention or treatment of several diseases in dogs.}, language = {en} } @misc{Priewe2011, author = {Priewe, Marc}, title = {Walter W. Woodward, Prospero´s America: John Winthrop, Jr., Alchemy, and the Creation of New England Culture, 1606-1676 / [rezensiert von] Marc Priewe}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93713}, pages = {199 -- 200}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Rezensiertes Werk: Walter W. Woodward: Prospero's America: John Winthrop, Jr., Alchemy, and the Creation of New England Culture, 1606-1676. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010. Hb. 336pp. ISBN 978-0-8078-3301-8.}, language = {en} } @misc{MickelssonPaycha2011, author = {Mickelsson, Jouko and Paycha, Sylvie}, title = {The logarithmic residue density of a generalized Laplacian}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {649}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41368}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413680}, pages = {28}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We show that the residue density of the logarithm of a generalized Laplacian on a closed manifold defines an invariant polynomial-valued differential form. We express it in terms of a finite sum of residues of classical pseudodifferential symbols. In the case of the square of a Dirac operator, these formulas provide a pedestrian proof of the Atiyah-Singer formula for a pure Dirac operator in four dimensions and for a twisted Dirac operator on a flat space of any dimension. These correspond to special cases of a more general formula by Scott and Zagier. In our approach, which is of perturbative nature, we use either a Campbell-Hausdorff formula derived by Okikiolu or a noncommutative Taylor-type formula.}, language = {en} } @misc{LamprechtNaujokatMargariaetal.2011, author = {Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Naujokat, Stefan and Margaria, Tiziana and Steffen, Bernhard}, title = {Semantics-based composition of EMBOSS services}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {956}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43183}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431830}, pages = {23}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background More than in other domains the heterogeneous services world in bioinformatics demands for a methodology to classify and relate resources in a both human and machine accessible manner. The Semantic Web, which is meant to address exactly this challenge, is currently one of the most ambitious projects in computer science. Collective efforts within the community have already led to a basis of standards for semantic service descriptions and meta-information. In combination with process synthesis and planning methods, such knowledge about types and services can facilitate the automatic composition of workflows for particular research questions. Results In this study we apply the synthesis methodology that is available in the Bio-jETI workflow management framework for the semantics-based composition of EMBOSS services. EMBOSS (European Molecular Biology Open Software Suite) is a collection of 350 tools (March 2010) for various sequence analysis tasks, and thus a rich source of services and types that imply comprehensive domain models for planning and synthesis approaches. We use and compare two different setups of our EMBOSS synthesis domain: 1) a manually defined domain setup where an intuitive, high-level, semantically meaningful nomenclature is applied to describe the input/output behavior of the single EMBOSS tools and their classifications, and 2) a domain setup where this information has been automatically derived from the EMBOSS Ajax Command Definition (ACD) files and the EMBRACE Data and Methods ontology (EDAM). Our experiments demonstrate that these domain models in combination with our synthesis methodology greatly simplify working with the large, heterogeneous, and hence manually intractable EMBOSS collection. However, they also show that with the information that can be derived from the (current) ACD files and EDAM ontology alone, some essential connections between services can not be recognized. Conclusions Our results show that adequate domain modeling requires to incorporate as much domain knowledge as possible, far beyond the mere technical aspects of the different types and services. Finding or defining semantically appropriate service and type descriptions is a difficult task, but the bioinformatics community appears to be on the right track towards a Life Science Semantic Web, which will eventually allow automatic service composition methods to unfold their full potential.}, language = {en} } @misc{KlieglWeiDambacheretal.2011, author = {Kliegl, Reinhold and Wei, Ping and Dambacher, Michael and Yan, Ming and Zhou, Xiaolin}, title = {Experimental effects and individual differences in linear mixed models: Estimating the relationship between spatial, object, and attraction effects in visual attention}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-56859}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Linear mixed models (LMMs) provide a still underused methodological perspective on combining experimental and individual-differences research. Here we illustrate this approach with two-rectangle cueing in visual attention (Egly et al., 1994). We replicated previous experimental cue-validity effects relating to a spatial shift of attention within an object (spatial effect), to attention switch between objects (object effect), and to the attraction of attention toward the display centroid (attraction effect), also taking into account the design-inherent imbalance of valid and other trials. We simultaneously estimated variance/covariance components of subject-related random effects for these spatial, object, and attraction effects in addition to their mean reaction times (RTs). The spatial effect showed a strong positive correlation with mean RT and a strong negative correlation with the attraction effect. The analysis of individual differences suggests that slow subjects engage attention more strongly at the cued location than fast subjects. We compare this joint LMM analysis of experimental effects and associated subject-related variances and correlations with two frequently used alternative statistical procedures}, language = {en} } @misc{KlieglBates2011, author = {Kliegl, Reinhold and Bates, Douglas}, title = {International Collaboration in Psychology is on the Rise}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57045}, year = {2011}, abstract = {There has been a substantial increase in the percentage for publications with co-authors located in departments from different countries in 12 major journals of psychology. The results are evidence for a remarkable internationalization of psychological research, starting in the mid 1970s and increasing in rate at the beginning of the 1990s. This growth occurs against a constant number of articles with authors from the same country; it is not due to a concomitant increase in the number of co-authors per article. Thus, international collaboration in psychology is obviously on the rise.}, language = {en} } @misc{IdzikCywinskiCranfieldetal.2011, author = {Idzik, Krzysztof Ryszard and Cywinski, Piotr J. and Cranfield, Charles G. and Mohr, Gerhard J. and Beckert, Rainer}, title = {Molecular recognition of the antiretroviral drug Abacavir}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {847}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43037}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430372}, pages = {1195 -- 1204}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Due to their optical and electro-conductive attributes, carbazole derivatives are interesting materials for a large range of biosensor applications. In this study, we present the synthesis routes and fluorescence evaluation of newly designed carbazole fluorosensors that, by modification with uracil, have a special affinity for antiretroviral drugs via either Watson-Crick or Hoogsteen base pairing. To an N-octylcarbazole-uracil compound, four different groups were attached, namely thiophene, furane, ethylenedioxythiophene, and another uracil; yielding four different derivatives. Photophysical properties of these newly obtained derivatives are described, as are their interactions with the reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as abacavir, zidovudine, lamivudine and didanosine. The influence of each analyte on biosensor fluorescence was assessed on the basis of the Stern-Volmer equation and represented by Stern-Volmer constants. Consequently we have demonstrated that these structures based on carbazole, with a uracil group, may be successfully incorporated into alternative carbazole derivatives to form biosensors for the molecular recognition of antiretroviral drugs.}, language = {en} } @misc{HenzeAumerGrabneretal.2011, author = {Henze, Andrea and Aumer, Franziska and Grabner, Arthur and Raila, Jens and Schweigert, Florian J.}, title = {Genetic differences in the serum proteome of horses, donkeys and mules are detectable by protein profiling}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {567}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41288}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412886}, pages = {4}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Although horses and donkeys belong to the same genus, their genetic characteristics probably result in specific proteomes and post-translational modifications (PTM) of proteins. Since PTM can alter protein properties, specific PTM may contribute to species-specific characteristics. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyse differences in serum protein profiles of horses and donkeys as well as mules, which combine the genetic backgrounds of both species. Additionally, changes in PTM of the protein transthyretin (TTR) were analysed. Serum protein profiles of each species (five animals per species) were determined using strong anion exchanger ProteinChips (R) (Bio-Rad, Munich, Germany) in combination with surface-enhanced laser desorption ionisation-time of flight MS. The PTM of TTR were analysed subsequently by immunoprecipitation in combination with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight MS. Protein profiling revealed species-specific differences in the proteome, with some protein peaks present in all three species as well as protein peaks that were unique for donkeys and mules, horses and mules or for horses alone. The molecular weight of TTR of horses and donkeys differed by 30Da, and both species revealed several modified forms of TTR besides the native form. The mass spectra of mules represented a merging of TTR spectra of horses and donkeys. In summary, the present study indicated that there are substantial differences in the proteome of horses and donkeys. Additionally, the results probably indicate that the proteome of mules reveal a higher similarity to donkeys than to horses.}, language = {en} } @misc{GuerreroChuHamannetal.2011, author = {Guerrero, Mart{\´i}n A. and Chu, You-Hua and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Oskinova, Lida and Sch{\"o}nberner, Detlef and Todt, Helge Tobias and Steffen, Matthias and Ruiz, Nieves and Gruendl, Robert A. and Blair, William P.}, title = {Ablation and wind mass-loading in the born-again planetary nebula A 30}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {563}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41234}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412341}, pages = {2}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We present XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of the born-again planetary nebula A 30. These X-ray observations reveal a bright unresolved source at the position of the central star whose X-ray luminosity exceeds by far the model expectations for photospheric emission and for shocks within the stellar wind. We suggest that a "born-again hot bubble" may be responsible for this X-ray emission. Diffuse X-ray emission associated with the petal-like features and one of the H-poor knots seen in the optical is also found. The weakened emission of carbon lines in the spectrum of the diffuse emission can be interpreted as the dilution of stellar wind by mass-loading or as the detection of material ejected during a very late thermal pulse.}, language = {en} } @misc{GeissSiegrist2011, author = {Geiß, Robin and Siegrist, Michael}, title = {Has the armed conflict in Afghanistan affected the rules on the conduct of hostilities?}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Rechtswissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Rechtswissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {4}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41289}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412896}, pages = {36}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The armed conflict in Afghanistan since 2001 has raised manifold questions pertaining to the humanitarian rules relative to the conduct of hostilities. In Afghanistan, as is often the case in so-called asymmetric conflicts, the geographical and temporal boundaries of the battlefield, and the distinction between civilians and fighters, are increasingly blurred. As a result, the risks for both civilians and soldiers operating in Afghanistan are high. The objective of this article is to assess whether - and if so how much - the armed conflict in Afghanistan has affected the application and interpretation of the principles of distinction, proportionality, and precaution - principles that form the core of legal rules pertaining to the conduct of hostilities.}, language = {en} } @misc{GebserSchaubThieleetal.2011, author = {Gebser, Martin and Schaub, Torsten H. and Thiele, Sven and Veber, Philippe}, title = {Detecting inconsistencies in large biological networks with answer set programming}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {561}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41246}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412467}, pages = {38}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We introduce an approach to detecting inconsistencies in large biological networks by using answer set programming. To this end, we build upon a recently proposed notion of consistency between biochemical/genetic reactions and high-throughput profiles of cell activity. We then present an approach based on answer set programming to check the consistency of large-scale data sets. Moreover, we extend this methodology to provide explanations for inconsistencies by determining minimal representations of conflicts. In practice, this can be used to identify unreliable data or to indicate missing reactions.}, language = {en} } @misc{GebserLeeLierler2011, author = {Gebser, Martin and Lee, Joohyung and Lierler, Yuliya}, title = {On elementary loops of logic programs}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {566}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41309}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413091}, pages = {36}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Using the notion of an elementary loop, Gebser and Schaub (2005. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning (LPNMR'05 ), 53-65) refined the theorem on loop formulas attributable to Lin and Zhao (2004) by considering loop formulas of elementary loops only. In this paper, we reformulate the definition of an elementary loop, extend it to disjunctive programs, and study several properties of elementary loops, including how maximal elementary loops are related to minimal unfounded sets. The results provide useful insights into the stable model semantics in terms of elementary loops. For a nondisjunctive program, using a graph-theoretic characterization of an elementary loop, we show that the problem of recognizing an elementary loop is tractable. On the other hand, we also show that the corresponding problem is coNP-complete for a disjunctive program. Based on the notion of an elementary loop, we present the class of Head-Elementary-loop-Free (HEF) programs, which strictly generalizes the class of Head-Cycle-Free (HCF) programs attributable to Ben-Eliyahu and Dechter (1994. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence 12, 53-87). Like an HCF program, an HEF program can be turned into an equivalent nondisjunctive program in polynomial time by shifting head atoms into the body.}, language = {en} } @misc{GebserKaminskiSchaub2011, author = {Gebser, Martin and Kaminski, Roland and Schaub, Torsten H.}, title = {Complex optimization in answer set programming}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {554}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41243}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412436}, pages = {19}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Preference handling and optimization are indispensable means for addressing nontrivial applications in Answer Set Programming (ASP). However, their implementation becomes difficult whenever they bring about a significant increase in computational complexity. As a consequence, existing ASP systems do not offer complex optimization capacities, supporting, for instance, inclusion-based minimization or Pareto efficiency. Rather, such complex criteria are typically addressed by resorting to dedicated modeling techniques, like saturation. Unlike the ease of common ASP modeling, however, these techniques are rather involved and hardly usable by ASP laymen. We address this problem by developing a general implementation technique by means of meta-prpogramming, thus reusing existing ASP systems to capture various forms of qualitative preferences among answer sets. In this way, complex preferences and optimization capacities become readily available for ASP applications.}, language = {en} } @misc{FranselowSchlesewskyVogeletal.2011, author = {Franselow, Gisbert and Schlesewsky, Matthias and Vogel, Ralf and Weskott, Thomas}, title = {Animacy effects on crossing wh-movement in German}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93630}, pages = {657 -- 683}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This article presents several acceptability rating experiments concerned with crossing wh-movement in German multiple questions. Our results show that there is no general superiority effect in German, thus refuting claims to the contrary by Featherston (2005). However, acceptability is reduced when a whphrase crosses a wh-subject with which it agrees in animacy. We explain this finding in terms of the availability of different sorting keys for the answers to the multiple questions.}, language = {en} } @misc{FedericiPohlRuppeletal.2011, author = {Federici, S. and Pohl, Martin and Ruppel, J. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Hofmann, Werner and Martinez, M. and Knapp, J.}, title = {Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, volume = {32}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {1325}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43014}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430149}, pages = {124}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.}, language = {en} } @misc{Ette2011, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Urbanity and literature}, series = {European Review}, journal = {European Review}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413767}, pages = {17}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Transarea studies focus upon spaces as created by the movements that criss-cross them. From this point of view, from its very beginnings, literature is closely interrelated with a vectorial (and much less with a purely spatial) conception of history - and with urbanity, which plays a decisive role in Gilgamesh's travels through a (narrative) cosmos centered upon the city of Uruk. This article explores the city as a transareal space of movement in three examples of literature, with no fixed abode, around the turn of the millennium, i.e. Assia Djebar's Les Nuits de Strasbourg, Emine Sevgi Oezdamar's Istanbul-Berlin Trilogy, and Cecile Wajsbrot's L'ile aux musees. These three writers project, in a very specific way, cities in motion as anagrammatic and fractal structures.}, language = {en} } @misc{EggertRawelPawelzik2011, author = {Eggert, Kai and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Pawelzik, Elke}, title = {In vitro degradation of wheat gluten fractions by Fusarium graminearum proteases}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {877}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43510}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435102}, pages = {697 -- 705}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Fusarium spp. infection of cereal grain is a common problem, which leads to a dramatic loss of grain quality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Fusarium infection on the wheat storage protein gluten and its fractions, the gliadins and glutenins, in an in vitro model system. Gluten proteins were digested by F. graminearum proteases for 2, 4, 8 and 24 h, separated by Osborne fractionation and characterised by chromatographic (RP-HPLC) and electrophoretic analysis (SDS-Page). Gluten digestion by F. graminearum proteases showed in comparison with gliadins a preference for the glutenins whereas the HMW subfraction was at most affected. In comparison with a untreated control, the HMW subfraction was degraded of about 97\% after 4 h incubation with Fusarium proteases. Separate digestion of gliadin and glutenin underlined the preference for HMW-GS. Analogue to the observed change in the gluten composition, the yield of the proteins extracted changed. A higher amount of glutenin fragments was found in the gliadin extraction solution after digestion and could mask a gliadin destruction at the same time. This observation can contribute to explain the frequently reported reduced glutenin amount parallel to an increase in gliadin quantity after Fusarium infection in grains.}, language = {en} } @misc{Eckstein2011, author = {Eckstein, Lars}, title = {Saturday on Dover Beach : Ian McEwan, Matthew Arnold, and post-9/11 melancholia}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59228}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This essay revisits Ian McEwan's extremely successful novel Saturday, and interrogates its exemplary assessment of the British cultural climate after 9/11. The particular focus is on McEwan's extensive recourse to the writings of Matthew Arnold, whose melancholy outlook on culture and anarchy McEwan basically translates into the 21st century without much ideological fraction. This relapse into Victorian liberal humanism as consolation for a Western world besieged by the contingencies of terrorism is extremely problematic. Not only does it wilfully ignore the transcultural realities of modern Britain, it also promotes an ahistorical and apolitical mode of critical inquiry which may be called reductive at best in view of the global challenges that the novel addresses.}, language = {en} } @misc{EccardFeyCaspersetal.2011, author = {Eccard, Jana and Fey, Karen and Caspers, Barbara A. and Yl{\"o}nen, Hannu}, title = {Breeding state and season affect interspecific interaction types}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {729}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42939}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429398}, pages = {623 -- 633}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Indirect resource competition and interference are widely occurring mechanisms of interspecific interactions. We have studied the seasonal expression of these two interaction types within a two-species, boreal small mammal system. Seasons differ by resource availability, individual breeding state and intraspecific social system. Live-trapping methods were used to monitor space use and reproduction in 14 experimental populations of bank voles Myodes glareolus in large outdoor enclosures with and without a dominant competitor, the field vole Microtus agrestis. We further compared vole behaviour using staged dyadic encounters in neutral arenas in both seasons. Survival of the non-breeding overwintering bank voles was not affected by competition. In the spring, the numbers of male bank voles, but not of females, were reduced significantly in the competition populations. Bank vole home ranges expanded with vole density in the presence of competitors, indicating food limitation. A comparison of behaviour between seasons based on an analysis of similarity revealed an avoidance of costly aggression against opponents, independent of species. Interactions were more aggressive during the summer than during the winter, and heterospecific encounters were more aggressive than conspecific encounters. Based on these results, we suggest that interaction types and their respective mechanisms are not either-or categories and may change over the seasons. During the winter, energy constraints and thermoregulatory needs decrease direct aggression, but food constraints increase indirect resource competition. Direct interference appears in the summer, probably triggered by each individual's reproductive and hormonal state and the defence of offspring against conspecific and heterospecific intruders. Both interaction forms overlap in the spring, possibly contributing to spring declines in the numbers of subordinate species.}, language = {en} } @misc{DurzinskyMarwanOstrowskietal.2011, author = {Durzinsky, Markus and Marwan, Wolfgang and Ostrowski, Max and Schaub, Torsten H. and Wagler, Annegret}, title = {Automatic network reconstruction using ASP}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {560}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41241}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412419}, pages = {18}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Building biological models by inferring functional dependencies from experimental data is an important issue in Molecular Biology. To relieve the biologist from this traditionally manual process, various approaches have been proposed to increase the degree of automation. However, available approaches often yield a single model only, rely on specific assumptions, and/or use dedicated, heuristic algorithms that are intolerant to changing circumstances or requirements in the view of the rapid progress made in Biotechnology. Our aim is to provide a declarative solution to the problem by appeal to Answer Set Programming (ASP) overcoming these difficulties. We build upon an existing approach to Automatic Network Reconstruction proposed by part of the authors. This approach has firm mathematical foundations and is well suited for ASP due to its combinatorial flavor providing a characterization of all models explaining a set of experiments. The usage of ASP has several benefits over the existing heuristic algorithms. First, it is declarative and thus transparent for biological experts. Second, it is elaboration tolerant and thus allows for an easy exploration and incorporation of biological constraints. Third, it allows for exploring the entire space of possible models. Finally, our approach offers an excellent performance, matching existing, special-purpose systems.}, language = {en} } @misc{BuschMeissnerPotthoffetal.2011, author = {Busch, Jan Philip and Meißner, Tobias and Potthoff, Annegret and Oswald, Sascha}, title = {Plating of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) on activated carbon : a fast delivery method of iron for source remediation?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53792}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The use of nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) for environmental remediation is a promising new technique for in situ remediation. Due to its high surface area and high reactivity, nZVI is able to dechlorinate organic contaminants and render them harmless. Limited mobility, due to fast aggregation and sedimentation of nZVI, limits the capability for source and plume remediation. Carbo-Iron is a newly developed material consisting of activated carbon particles (d50 = 0,8 µm) that are plated with nZVI particles. These particles combine the mobility of activated carbon and the reactivity of nZVI. This paper presents the first results of the transport experiments.}, language = {en} } @misc{BreitensteinNielsenHoelzeletal.2011, author = {Breitenstein, Michael and Nielsen, Peter E. and H{\"o}lzel, Ralph and Bier, Frank Fabian}, title = {DNA-nanostructure-assembly by sequential spotting}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {1027}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43110}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431108}, pages = {12}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background: The ability to create nanostructures with biomolecules is one of the key elements in nanobiotechnology. One of the problems is the expensive and mostly custom made equipment which is needed for their development. We intended to reduce material costs and aimed at miniaturization of the necessary tools that are essential for nanofabrication. Thus we combined the capabilities of molecular ink lithography with DNA-self-assembling capabilities to arrange DNA in an independent array which allows addressing molecules in nanoscale dimensions. Results: For the construction of DNA based nanostructures a method is presented that allows an arrangement of DNA strands in such a way that they can form a grid that only depends on the spotted pattern of the anchor molecules. An atomic force microscope (AFM) has been used for molecular ink lithography to generate small spots. The sequential spotting process allows the immobilization of several different functional biomolecules with a single AFM-tip. This grid which delivers specific addresses for the prepared DNA-strand serves as a two-dimensional anchor to arrange the sequence according to the pattern. Once the DNA-nanoarray has been formed, it can be functionalized by PNA (peptide nucleic acid) to incorporate advanced structures. Conclusions: The production of DNA-nanoarrays is a promising task for nanobiotechnology. The described method allows convenient and low cost preparation of nanoarrays. PNA can be used for complex functionalization purposes as well as a structural element.}, language = {en} } @misc{BoumaHendriks2011, author = {Bouma, Gerlof J. and Hendriks, Petra}, title = {Partial word order freezing in Dutch}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {625}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43049}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430496}, pages = {23}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Dutch allows for variation as to whether the first position in the sentence is occupied by the subject or by some other constituent, such as the direct object. In particular situations, however, this commonly observed variation in word order is 'frozen' and only the subject appears in first position. We hypothesize that this partial freezing of word order in Dutch can be explained from the dependence of the speaker's choice of word order on the hearer's interpretation of this word order. A formal model of this interaction between the speaker's perspective and the hearer's perspective is presented in terms of bidirectional Optimality Theory. Empirical predictions of this model regarding the interaction between word order and definiteness are confirmed by a quantitative corpus study.}, language = {en} } @misc{BostonHaleVasishthetal.2011, author = {Boston, Marisa Ferrara and Hale, John T. and Vasishth, Shravan and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Parallel processing and sentence comprehension difficulty}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57159}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Eye fixation durations during normal reading correlate with processing difficulty but the specific cognitive mechanisms reflected in these measures are not well understood. This study finds support in German readers' eyefixations for two distinct difficulty metrics: surprisal, which reflects the change in probabilities across syntactic analyses as new words are integrated, and retrieval, which quantifies comprehension difficulty in terms of working memory constraints. We examine the predictions of both metrics using a family of dependency parsers indexed by an upper limit on the number of candidate syntactic analyses they retain at successive words. Surprisal models all fixation measures and regression probability. By contrast, retrieval does not model any measure in serial processing. As more candidate analyses are considered in parallel at each word, retrieval can account for the same measures as surprisal. This pattern suggests an important role for ranked parallelism in theories of sentence comprehension.}, language = {en} } @misc{BierbachSchulteHerrmannetal.2011, author = {Bierbach, David and Schulte, Matthias and Herrmann, Nina and Tobler, Michael and Stadler, Stefan and Jung, Christian T. and Kunkel, Benjamin and Riesch, R{\"u}diger and Klaus, Sebastian and Ziege, Madlen and Indy, Jeane Rimber and Arias-Rodriguez, Lenin and Plath, Martin}, title = {Predator-induced changes of female mating preferences}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {984}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43109}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431099}, pages = {12}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background In many species males face a higher predation risk than females because males display elaborate traits that evolved under sexual selection, which may attract not only females but also predators. Females are, therefore, predicted to avoid such conspicuous males under predation risk. The present study was designed to investigate predator-induced changes of female mating preferences in Atlantic mollies (Poecilia mexicana). Males of this species show a pronounced polymorphism in body size and coloration, and females prefer large, colorful males in the absence of predators. Results In dichotomous choice tests predator-na{\"i}ve (lab-reared) females altered their initial preference for larger males in the presence of the cichlid Cichlasoma salvini, a natural predator of P. mexicana, and preferred small males instead. This effect was considerably weaker when females were confronted visually with the non-piscivorous cichlid Vieja bifasciata or the introduced non-piscivorous Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In contrast, predator experienced (wild-caught) females did not respond to the same extent to the presence of a predator, most likely due to a learned ability to evaluate their predators' motivation to prey. Conclusions Our study highlights that (a) predatory fish can have a profound influence on the expression of mating preferences of their prey (thus potentially affecting the strength of sexual selection), and females may alter their mate choice behavior strategically to reduce their own exposure to predators. (b) Prey species can evolve visual predator recognition mechanisms and alter their mate choice only when a natural predator is present. (c) Finally, experiential effects can play an important role, and prey species may learn to evaluate the motivational state of their predators.}, language = {en} } @misc{AlterOttvonWebskyetal.2011, author = {Alter, Markus L. and Ott, Ina and von Websky, Karoline and Tsuprykov, Oleg and Sharkovska, Yuliya and Krause-Relle, Katharina and Raila, Jens and Henze, Andrea and Kretschmer, Axel and Stasch, Johannes-Peter and Hocher, Berthold}, title = {Additional stimulation of sGC on top of standard treatment with ARB`s may offer a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy resistant to ARB treatment alone}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {855}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42825}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428250}, pages = {4}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background Riociguat is the first of a new class of drugs, the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators. Riociguat has a dual mode of action: it sensitizes sGC to the body's own NO and can also increase sGC activity in the absence of NO. The NO-sGC-pathway is impaired in many cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN leads to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is still a high unmet medical need. The urinary albumin excretion rate is a predictive biomarker for these clinical events. Therefore, we investigated the effect of riociguat, alone and in combination with the angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) telmisartan on the progression of DN in diabetic eNOS knock out mice, a new model closely resembling human pathology. Methods Seventy-six male eNOS knockout C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups after receiving intraperitoneal high-dose streptozotocin: telmisartan (1 mg/kg), riociguat (3 mg/kg), riociguat+telmisartan (3 and 1 mg/kg), and vehicle. Fourteen mice were used as non-diabetic controls. After 12 weeks, urine and blood were obtained and blood pressure measured. Glucose concentrations were highly increased and similar in all diabetic groups. Results Riociguat, alone (105.2 ± 2.5 mmHg; mean±SEM; n = 14) and in combination with telmisartan (105.0 ± 3.2 mmHg; n = 12), significantly reduced blood pressure versus diabetic controls (117.1 ± 2.2 mmHg; n = 14; p = 0.002 and p = 0.004, respectively), whereas telmisartan alone (111.2 ± 2.6 mmHg) showed a modest blood pressure lowering trend (p = 0.071; n = 14). The effects of single treatment with either riociguat (97.1 ± 15.7 µg/d; n = 13) or telmisartan (97.8 ± 26.4 µg/d; n = 14) did not significantly lower albumin excretion on its own (p = 0.067 and p = 0.101, respectively). However, the combined treatment led to significantly lower urinary albumin excretion (47.3 ± 9.6 µg/d; n = 12) compared to diabetic controls (170.8 ± 34.2 µg/d; n = 13; p = 0.004), and reached levels similar to non-diabetic controls (31.4 ± 10.1 µg/d, n = 12). Conclusion Riociguat significantly reduced urinary albumin excretion in diabetic eNOS knock out mice that were refractory to treatment with ARB's alone. Patients with diabetic nephropathy refractory to treatment with ARB's have the worst prognosis among all patients with diabetic nephropathy. Our data indicate that additional stimulation of sGC on top of standard treatment with ARB`s may offer a new therapeutic approach for patients with diabetic nephropathy resistant to ARB treatment.}, language = {en} }