@misc{BuschingKrahe2015,
  author    = {Busching, Robert and Krah{\´e}, Barbara},
  title     = {The girls set the tone},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {401},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404831},
  pages     = {18},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {In a four-wave longitudinal study with N = 1,321 adolescents in Germany, we examined the impact of class-level normative beliefs about aggression on aggressive norms and behavior at the individual level over the course of 3 years. At each data wave, participants indicated their normative acceptance of aggressive behavior and provided self-reports of physical and relational aggression. Multilevel analyses revealed significant cross-level interactions between class-level and individual-level normative beliefs at T1 on individual differences in physical aggression at T2, and the indirect interactive effects were significant up to T4. Normative approval of aggression at the class level, especially girls' normative beliefs, defined the boundary conditions for the expression of individual differences in aggressive norms and their impact on physically and relationally aggressive behavior for both girls and boys. The findings demonstrate the moderating effect of social norms on the pathways from individual normative beliefs to aggressive behavior in adolescence.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KraheBusching2015,
  author    = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Busching, Robert},
  title     = {Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Media Violence Use and Aggression: A Test of Intervention Effects Over 30 Months},
  series = {Psychology of violence},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Psychology of violence},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {American Psychological Association},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2152-0828},
  doi       = {10.1037/a0036627},
  pages     = {217 -- 226},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Objective: This study examined the sustained efficacy of a media violence intervention in reducing media violence use, normative acceptance of aggression, and aggressive behavior in adolescents. It used an experimental design to evaluate the effects of the intervention over a period of 30 months. Method: N = 627 German 7th and 8th graders were assigned to a 5-week school-based intervention to reduce media violence use or to a no-intervention control group. Media violence use, normative acceptance of aggression, and aggressive behavior were measured 3 months before the intervention (T1), 7 months post intervention (T2), and at 2 follow-ups 18 (T3) and 30 (T4) months after the intervention. This article focuses on the findings from the 2 follow-ups. Results: Controlling for baseline levels and various demographic covariates, media violence use at T2, T3, and T4 and self-reported physical aggression at T3 were significantly lower in the intervention group, and the indirect path from the intervention to T3 aggression via T2 media violence use was significant. Lower T2 media violence use predicted lower T3 normative acceptance of aggression among participants with lower initial aggression. No effects on nonviolent media use and relational aggression were observed. Conclusion: The findings show that a short class-based intervention can produce lasting changes in media violence use that are linked to a decrease in aggression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BuschingKrahe2015,
  author    = {Busching, Robert and Krah{\´e}, Barbara},
  title     = {The Girls Set the Tone: Gendered Classroom Norms and the Development of Aggression in Adolescence},
  series = {Personality and social psychology bulletin},
  volume    = {41},
  journal   = {Personality and social psychology bulletin},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {Thousand Oaks},
  issn      = {0146-1672},
  doi       = {10.1177/0146167215573212},
  pages     = {659 -- 676},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {In a four-wave longitudinal study with N = 1,321 adolescents in Germany, we examined the impact of class-level normative beliefs about aggression on aggressive norms and behavior at the individual level over the course of 3 years. At each data wave, participants indicated their normative acceptance of aggressive behavior and provided self-reports of physical and relational aggression. Multilevel analyses revealed significant cross-level interactions between class-level and individual-level normative beliefs at T1 on individual differences in physical aggression at T2, and the indirect interactive effects were significant up to T4. Normative approval of aggression at the class level, especially girls' normative beliefs, defined the boundary conditions for the expression of individual differences in aggressive norms and their impact on physically and relationally aggressive behavior for both girls and boys. The findings demonstrate the moderating effect of social norms on the pathways from individual normative beliefs to aggressive behavior in adolescence.},
  language  = {en}
}