@unpublished{AlsaedyTarkhanov2016,
  author    = {Alsaedy, Ammar and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich},
  title     = {A Hilbert boundary value problem for generalised Cauchy-Riemann equations},
  volume    = {5},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-86109},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We elaborate a boundary Fourier method for studying an analogue of the Hilbert problem for analytic functions within the framework of generalised Cauchy-Riemann equations. The boundary value problem need not satisfy the Shapiro-Lopatinskij condition and so it fails to be Fredholm in Sobolev spaces. We show a solvability condition of the Hilbert problem, which looks like those for ill-posed problems, and construct an explicit formula for approximate solutions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LyTarkhanov2016,
  author    = {Ly, Ibrahim and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich},
  title     = {A Rado theorem for p-harmonic functions},
  series = {Boletin de la Sociedad Matem{\~A}!'tica Mexicana},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Boletin de la Sociedad Matem{\~A}!'tica Mexicana},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1405-213X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s40590-016-0109-7},
  pages     = {461 -- 472},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Let A be a nonlinear differential operator on an open set X subset of R-n and S a closed subset of X. Given a class F of functions in X, the set S is said to be removable for F relative to A if any weak solution of A(u) = 0 in XS of class F satisfies this equation weakly in all of X. For the most extensively studied classes F, we show conditions on S which guarantee that S is removable for F relative to A.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaerStrohmaier2016,
  author    = {B{\"a}r, Christian and Strohmaier, Alexander},
  title     = {A Rigorous Geometric Derivation of the Chiral Anomaly in Curved Backgrounds},
  series = {Communications in mathematical physics},
  volume    = {347},
  journal   = {Communications in mathematical physics},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0010-3616},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00220-016-2664-1},
  pages     = {703 -- 721},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We discuss the chiral anomaly for a Weyl field in a curved background and show that a novel index theorem for the Lorentzian Dirac operator can be applied to describe the gravitational chiral anomaly. A formula for the total charge generated by the gravitational and gauge field background is derived directly in Lorentzian signature and in a mathematically rigorous manner. It contains a term identical to the integrand in the Atiyah-Singer index theorem and another term involving the.-invariant of the Cauchy hypersurfaces.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HermannHumbert2016,
  author    = {Hermann, Andreas and Humbert, Emmanuel},
  title     = {About the mass of certain second order elliptic operators},
  series = {Advances in mathematics},
  volume    = {294},
  journal   = {Advances in mathematics},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {San Diego},
  issn      = {0001-8708},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.aim.2016.03.008},
  pages     = {596 -- 633},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Let (M, g) be a closed Riemannian manifold of dimension n >= 3 and let f is an element of C-infinity (M), such that the operator P-f := Delta g + f is positive. If g is flat near some point p and f vanishes around p, we can define the mass of P1 as the constant term in the expansion of the Green function of P-f at p. In this paper, we establish many results on the mass of such operators. In particular, if f := n-2/n(n-1)s(g), i.e. if P-f is the Yamabe operator, we show the following result: assume that there exists a closed simply connected non-spin manifold M such that the mass is non-negative for every metric g as above on M, then the mass is non-negative for every such metric on every closed manifold of the same dimension as M. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KleinRosenberger2016,
  author    = {Klein, Markus and Rosenberger, Elke},
  title     = {Agmon estimates for the difference of exact and approximate Dirichlet eigenfunctions for difference operators},
  series = {Asymptotic analysis},
  volume    = {97},
  journal   = {Asymptotic analysis},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0921-7134},
  doi       = {10.3233/ASY-151343},
  pages     = {61 -- 89},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We analyze a general class of difference operators H-epsilon = T-epsilon + V-epsilon on l(2)(((epsilon)Z)(d)), where V-epsilon is a multi-well potential and epsilon is a small parameter. We construct approximate eigenfunctions in neighbourhoods of the different wells and give weighted l(2)-estimates for the difference of these and the exact eigenfunctions of the associated Dirichlet-operators.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{ShlapunovTarkhanov2016,
  author    = {Shlapunov, Alexander and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich},
  title     = {An open mapping theorem for the Navier-Stokes equations},
  volume    = {5},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98687},
  pages     = {80},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We consider the Navier-Stokes equations in the layer R^n x [0,T] over R^n with finite T > 0. Using the standard fundamental solutions of the Laplace operator and the heat operator, we reduce the Navier-Stokes equations to a nonlinear Fredholm equation of the form (I+K) u = f, where K is a compact continuous operator in anisotropic normed H{\"o}lder spaces weighted at the point at infinity with respect to the space variables. Actually, the weight function is included to provide a finite energy estimate for solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations for all t in [0,T]. On using the particular properties of the de Rham complex we conclude that the Fr{\´e}chet derivative (I+K)' is continuously invertible at each point of the Banach space under consideration and the map I+K is open and injective in the space. In this way the Navier-Stokes equations prove to induce an open one-to-one mapping in the scale of H{\"o}lder spaces.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BomansonJanhunenSchaubetal.2016,
  author    = {Bomanson, Jori and Janhunen, Tomi and Schaub, Torsten H. and Gebser, Martin and Kaufmann, Benjamin},
  title     = {Answer Set Programming Modulo Acyclicity},
  series = {Fundamenta informaticae},
  volume    = {147},
  journal   = {Fundamenta informaticae},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0169-2968},
  doi       = {10.3233/FI-2016-1398},
  pages     = {63 -- 91},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Acyclicity constraints are prevalent in knowledge representation and applications where acyclic data structures such as DAGs and trees play a role. Recently, such constraints have been considered in the satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) framework, and in this paper we carry out an analogous extension to the answer set programming (ASP) paradigm. The resulting formalism, ASP modulo acyclicity, offers a rich set of primitives to express constraints related to recursive structures. In the technical results of the paper, we relate the new generalization with standard ASP by showing (i) how acyclicity extensions translate into normal rules, (ii) how weight constraint programs can be instrumented by acyclicity extensions to capture stability in analogy to unfounded set checking, and (iii) how the gap between supported and stable models is effectively closed in the presence of such an extension. Moreover, we present an efficient implementation of acyclicity constraints by incorporating a respective propagator into the state-of-the-art ASP solver CLASP. The implementation provides a unique combination of traditional unfounded set checking with acyclicity propagation. In the experimental part, we evaluate the interplay of these orthogonal checks by equipping logic programs with supplementary acyclicity constraints. The performance results show that native support for acyclicity constraints is a worthwhile addition, furnishing a complementary modeling construct in ASP itself as well as effective means for translation-based ASP solving.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FladHarutyunyanSchulze2016,
  author    = {Flad, H. -J. and Harutyunyan, Gohar and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang},
  title     = {Asymptotic parametrices of elliptic edge operators},
  series = {Journal of pseudo-differential operators and applications},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Journal of pseudo-differential operators and applications},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1662-9981},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11868-016-0159-7},
  pages     = {321 -- 363},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We study operators on singular manifolds, here of conical or edge type, and develop a new general approach of representing asymptotics of solutions to elliptic equations close to the singularities. We introduce asymptotic parametrices, using tools from cone and edge pseudo-differential algebras. Our structures are motivated by models of many-particle physics with singular Coulomb potentials that contribute higher order singularities in Euclidean space, determined by the number of particles.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AntoniniAzzaliSkandalis2016,
  author    = {Antonini, Paolo and Azzali, Sara and Skandalis, Georges},
  title     = {Bivariant K-theory with R/Z-coefficients and rho classes of unitary representations},
  series = {Journal of functional analysis},
  volume    = {270},
  journal   = {Journal of functional analysis},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {San Diego},
  issn      = {0022-1236},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jfa.2015.06.017},
  pages     = {447 -- 481},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We construct equivariant KK-theory with coefficients in and R/Z as suitable inductive limits over II1-factors. We show that the Kasparov product, together with its usual functorial properties, extends to KK-theory with real coefficients. Let Gamma be a group. We define a Gamma-algebra A to be K-theoretically free and proper (KFP) if the group trace tr of Gamma acts as the unit element in KKR Gamma (A, A). We show that free and proper Gamma-algebras (in the sense of Kasparov) have the (KFP) property. Moreover, if Gamma is torsion free and satisfies the KK Gamma-form of the Baum-Connes conjecture, then every Gamma-algebra satisfies (KFP). If alpha : Gamma -> U-n is a unitary representation and A satisfies property (KFP), we construct in a canonical way a rho class rho(A)(alpha) is an element of KKR/Z1,Gamma (A A) This construction generalizes the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer K-theory class with R/Z-coefficients associated to alpha. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{FedchenkoTarkhanov2016,
  author    = {Fedchenko, Dmitry and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich},
  title     = {Boundary value problems for elliptic complexes},
  volume    = {5},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-86705},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The aim of this paper is to bring together two areas which are of great importance for the study of overdetermined boundary value problems. The first area is homological algebra which is the main tool in constructing the formal theory of overdetermined problems. And the second area is the global calculus of pseudodifferential operators which allows one to develop explicit analysis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Becker2016,
  author    = {Becker, Christian},
  title     = {Cheeger-Chern-Simons Theory and Differential String Classes},
  series = {Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincar{\~A}©},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincar{\~A}©},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1424-0637},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00023-016-0485-6},
  pages     = {1529 -- 1594},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We construct new concrete examples of relative differential characters, which we call Cheeger-Chern-Simons characters. They combine the well-known Cheeger-Simons characters with Chern-Simons forms. In the same way as Cheeger-Simons characters generalize Chern-Simons invariants of oriented closed manifolds, Cheeger-Chern-Simons characters generalize Chern-Simons invariants of oriented manifolds with boundary. We study the differential cohomology of compact Lie groups G and their classifying spaces BG. We show that the even degree differential cohomology of BG canonically splits into Cheeger-Simons characters and topologically trivial characters. We discuss the transgression in principal G-bundles and in the universal bundle. We introduce two methods to lift the universal transgression to a differential cohomology valued map. They generalize the Dijkgraaf-Witten correspondence between 3-dimensional Chern-Simons theories and Wess-Zumino-Witten terms to fully extended higher-order Chern-Simons theories. Using these lifts, we also prove two versions of a differential Hopf theorem. Using Cheeger-Chern-Simons characters and transgression, we introduce the notion of differential trivializations of universal characteristic classes. It generalizes well-established notions of differential String classes to arbitrary degree. Specializing to the class , we recover isomorphism classes of geometric string structures on Spin (n) -bundles with connection and the corresponding spin structures on the free loop space. The Cheeger-Chern-Simons character associated with the class together with its transgressions to loop space and higher mapping spaces defines a Chern-Simons theory, extended down to points. Differential String classes provide trivializations of this extended Chern-Simons theory. This setting immediately generalizes to arbitrary degree: for any universal characteristic class of principal G-bundles, we have an associated Cheeger-Chern-Simons character and extended Chern-Simons theory. Differential trivialization classes yield trivializations of this extended Chern-Simons theory.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlanchardFlaskaHandyetal.2016,
  author    = {Blanchard, Gilles and Flaska, Marek and Handy, Gregory and Pozzi, Sara and Scott, Clayton},
  title     = {Classification with asymmetric label noise: Consistency and maximal denoising},
  series = {Electronic journal of statistics},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Electronic journal of statistics},
  publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
  address   = {Cleveland},
  issn      = {1935-7524},
  doi       = {10.1214/16-EJS1193},
  pages     = {2780 -- 2824},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In many real-world classification problems, the labels of training examples are randomly corrupted. Most previous theoretical work on classification with label noise assumes that the two classes are separable, that the label noise is independent of the true class label, or that the noise proportions for each class are known. In this work, we give conditions that are necessary and sufficient for the true class-conditional distributions to be identifiable. These conditions are weaker than those analyzed previously, and allow for the classes to be nonseparable and the noise levels to be asymmetric and unknown. The conditions essentially state that a majority of the observed labels are correct and that the true class-conditional distributions are "mutually irreducible," a concept we introduce that limits the similarity of the two distributions. For any label noise problem, there is a unique pair of true class-conditional distributions satisfying the proposed conditions, and we argue that this pair corresponds in a certain sense to maximal denoising of the observed distributions. Our results are facilitated by a connection to "mixture proportion estimation," which is the problem of estimating the maximal proportion of one distribution that is present in another. We establish a novel rate of convergence result for mixture proportion estimation, and apply this to obtain consistency of a discrimination rule based on surrogate loss minimization. Experimental results on benchmark data and a nuclear particle classification problem demonstrate the efficacy of our approach.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MiethKloftRodriguezetal.2016,
  author    = {Mieth, Bettina and Kloft, Marius and Rodriguez, Juan Antonio and Sonnenburg, Soren and Vobruba, Robin and Morcillo-Suarez, Carlos and Farre, Xavier and Marigorta, Urko M. and Fehr, Ernst and Dickhaus, Thorsten and Blanchard, Gilles and Schunk, Daniel and Navarro, Arcadi and M{\"u}ller, Klaus-Robert},
  title     = {Combining Multiple Hypothesis Testing with Machine Learning Increases the Statistical Power of Genome-wide Association Studies},
  series = {Scientific reports},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Scientific reports},
  publisher = {Nature Publ. Group},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2045-2322},
  doi       = {10.1038/srep36671},
  pages     = {14},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The standard approach to the analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is based on testing each position in the genome individually for statistical significance of its association with the phenotype under investigation. To improve the analysis of GWAS, we propose a combination of machine learning and statistical testing that takes correlation structures within the set of SNPs under investigation in a mathematically well-controlled manner into account. The novel two-step algorithm, COMBI, first trains a support vector machine to determine a subset of candidate SNPs and then performs hypothesis tests for these SNPs together with an adequate threshold correction. Applying COMBI to data from a WTCCC study (2007) and measuring performance as replication by independent GWAS published within the 2008-2015 period, we show that our method outperforms ordinary raw p-value thresholding as well as other state-of-the-art methods. COMBI presents higher power and precision than the examined alternatives while yielding fewer false (i.e. non-replicated) and more true (i.e. replicated) discoveries when its results are validated on later GWAS studies. More than 80\% of the discoveries made by COMBI upon WTCCC data have been validated by independent studies. Implementations of the COMBI method are available as a part of the GWASpi toolbox 2.0.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaerenzungHolschneiderLesur2016,
  author    = {B{\"a}renzung, Julien and Holschneider, Matthias and Lesur, Vincent},
  title     = {constraints},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  volume    = {121},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9313},
  doi       = {10.1002/2015JB012464},
  pages     = {1343 -- 1364},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Prior information in ill-posed inverse problem is of critical importance because it is conditioning the posterior solution and its associated variability. The problem of determining the flow evolving at the Earth's core-mantle boundary through magnetic field models derived from satellite or observatory data is no exception to the rule. This study aims to estimate what information can be extracted on the velocity field at the core-mantle boundary, when the frozen flux equation is inverted under very weakly informative, but realistic, prior constraints. Instead of imposing a converging spectrum to the flow, we simply assume that its poloidal and toroidal energy spectra are characterized by power laws. The parameters of the spectra, namely, their magnitudes, and slopes are unknown. The connection between the velocity field, its spectra parameters, and the magnetic field model is established through the Bayesian formulation of the problem. Working in two steps, we determined the time-averaged spectra of the flow within the 2001-2009.5 period, as well as the flow itself and its associated uncertainties in 2005.0. According to the spectra we obtained, we can conclude that the large-scale approximation of the velocity field is not an appropriate assumption within the time window we considered. For the flow itself, we show that although it is dominated by its equatorial symmetric component, it is very unlikely to be perfectly symmetric. We also demonstrate that its geostrophic state is questioned in different locations of the outer core.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{VasilievTarkhanov2016,
  author    = {Vasiliev, Serguei and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich},
  title     = {Construction of series of perfect lattices by layer superposition},
  volume    = {5},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100591},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We construct a new series of perfect lattices in n dimensions by the layer superposition method of Delaunay-Barnes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{BlanchardKraemer2016,
  author    = {Blanchard, Gilles and Kr{\"a}mer, Nicole},
  title     = {Convergence rates of kernel conjugate gradient for random design regression},
  volume    = {5},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94195},
  pages     = {31},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We prove statistical rates of convergence for kernel-based least squares regression from i.i.d. data using a conjugate gradient algorithm, where regularization against overfitting is obtained by early stopping. This method is related to Kernel Partial Least Squares, a regression method that combines supervised dimensionality reduction with least squares projection. Following the setting introduced in earlier related literature, we study so-called "fast convergence rates" depending on the regularity of the target regression function (measured by a source condition in terms of the kernel integral operator) and on the effective dimensionality of the data mapped into the kernel space. We obtain upper bounds, essentially matching known minimax lower bounds, for the L^2 (prediction) norm as well as for the stronger Hilbert norm, if the true regression function belongs to the reproducing kernel Hilbert space. If the latter assumption is not fulfilled, we obtain similar convergence rates for appropriate norms, provided additional unlabeled data are available.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BlanchardKraemer2016,
  author    = {Blanchard, Gilles and Kraemer, Nicole},
  title     = {Convergence rates of Kernel Conjugate Gradient for random design regression},
  series = {Analysis and applications},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Analysis and applications},
  publisher = {World Scientific},
  address   = {Singapore},
  issn      = {0219-5305},
  doi       = {10.1142/S0219530516400017},
  pages     = {763 -- 794},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We prove statistical rates of convergence for kernel-based least squares regression from i.i.d. data using a conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm, where regularization against over-fitting is obtained by early stopping. This method is related to Kernel Partial Least Squares, a regression method that combines supervised dimensionality reduction with least squares projection. Following the setting introduced in earlier related literature, we study so-called "fast convergence rates" depending on the regularity of the target regression function (measured by a source condition in terms of the kernel integral operator) and on the effective dimensionality of the data mapped into the kernel space. We obtain upper bounds, essentially matching known minimax lower bounds, for the L-2 (prediction) norm as well as for the stronger Hilbert norm, if the true regression function belongs to the reproducing kernel Hilbert space. If the latter assumption is not fulfilled, we obtain similar convergence rates for appropriate norms, provided additional unlabeled data are available.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{RoellyVallois2016,
  author    = {Roelly, Sylvie and Vallois, Pierre},
  title     = {Convoluted Brownian motion},
  volume    = {5},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-96339},
  pages     = {37},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In this paper we analyse semimartingale properties of a class of Gaussian periodic processes, called convoluted Brownian motions, obtained by convolution between a deterministic function and a Brownian motion. A classical example in this class is the periodic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We compute their characteristics and show that in general, they are neither Markovian nor satisfy a time-Markov field property. Nevertheless, by enlargement of filtration and/or addition of a one-dimensional component, one can in some case recover the Markovianity. We treat exhaustively the case of the bidimensional trigonometric convoluted Brownian motion and the higher-dimensional monomial convoluted Brownian motion.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HedayatMahmoudiSchulze2016,
  author    = {Hedayat Mahmoudi, Mahdi and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang},
  title     = {Corner boundary value problems},
  series = {Asian-European journal of mathematics},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Asian-European journal of mathematics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {World Scientific},
  address   = {Singapore},
  issn      = {1793-5571},
  doi       = {10.1142/S1793557117500541},
  pages     = {45},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The paper develops some crucial steps in extending the first-order cone or edge calculus to higher singularity orders. We focus here on order 2, but the ideas are motivated by an iterative approach for higher singularities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HolschneiderLesurMauerbergeretal.2016,
  author    = {Holschneider, Matthias and Lesur, Vincent and Mauerberger, Stefan and Baerenzung, Julien},
  title     = {Correlation-based modeling and separation of geomagnetic field components},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  volume    = {121},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9313},
  doi       = {10.1002/2015JB012629},
  pages     = {3142 -- 3160},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {We introduce a technique for the modeling and separation of geomagnetic field components that is based on an analysis of their correlation structures alone. The inversion is based on a Bayesian formulation, which allows the computation of uncertainties. The technique allows the incorporation of complex measurement geometries like observatory data in a simple way. We show how our technique is linked to other well-known inversion techniques. A case study based on observational data is given.},
  language  = {en}
}