@article{WieseGaertnerRaweletal.2009, author = {Wiese, Stefanie and Gaertner, Sonja and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Winterhalter, Peter and Kulling, Sabine E.}, title = {Protein interactions with cyanidin-3-glucoside and its influence on alpha-amylase activity}, issn = {0022-5142}, doi = {10.1002/Jsfa.3407}, year = {2009}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Recent studies indicate that the bioavailability of anthocyanins is extremely low. One of the possible reasons could be their binding to proteins. Therefore, the binding affinity of cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cy3glc) to HSA and alpha-amylase was investigated by the quenching of protein tryptophan fluorescence. From data obtained, the binding constants and the free Gibbs energy were calculated. The changes in conformation of the proteins tested were studied with circular dichroism and the influence of binding on alpha-amylase activity determined. RESULTS: Cy3glc quenched the tryptophan fluorescence and upon ligand binding a change in protein structure was observed related to the corresponding decrease in the et-amylase activity. The association constants of 25 to 77 x 10(3) L mol(-1) were calculated for different proteins, indicating weak interactions of non-covalent nature. Competitive binding with HSA in the presence of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid suggest involvement of hydrophobic interactions, in the case of HSA the possible site being subdomain IIA. CONCLUSION: The strongest affinity of Cy3glc for HSA being at pH 7 underlines its potential in transport and distribution of the phenolic compounds in organisms. An influence on salivary amylase activity is possible when drinking berry juices with high anthocyanins content.}, language = {en} } @article{WienekeNeuschaeferRubeBodeetal.2009, author = {Wieneke, Nadine and Neuschaefer-Rube, Frank and Bode, L. M. and Kuna, Manuela and Andres, Jesus and Carnevali Junior, Luiz Carlos and Hirsch-Ernst, Karen I. and P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul}, title = {Synergistic acceleration of thyroid hormone degradation by phenobarbital and the PPAR alpha agonist WY14643 in rat hepatocytes}, issn = {0041-008X}, doi = {10.1016/j.taap.2009.07.014}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Energy balance is maintained by controlling both energy intake and energy expenditure. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating energy expenditure. Their levels are adjusted by a tight feed back-control led regulation of thyroid hormone production/incretion and by their hepatic metabolism. Thyroid hormone degradation has previously been shown to be enhanced by treatment with phenobarbital or other antiepileptic drugs due to a CAR-dependent induction of phase 11 enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism. We have recently shown, that PPAR alpha agonists synergize with phenobarbital to induce another prototypical CAR target gene, CYP2B1. Therefore, it was tested whether a PPAR alpha agonist could enhance the phenobarbital-dependent acceleration of thyroid hormone elimination. In primary cultures of rat hepatocytes the apparent half-life of T3 was reduced after induction with a combination of phenobarbital and the PPARa agonist WY14643 to a larger extent than after induction with either Compound alone. The synergistic reduction of the half-life could be attributed to a synergistic induction of CAR and the CAR target genes that code for enzymes and transporters involved in the hepatic elimination of T3, such as OATP1A1, OATP1A3, UGT1A3 and UCT1A10. The PPAR alpha-dependent CAR induction and the subsequent induction of T3-eliminating enzymes might be of physiological significance for the fasting- incluced reduction in energy expenditure by fatty acids as natural PPARa ligands. The synergism of the PPAR alpha agonist WY14643 and phenobarbital in inducing thyroid hormone breakdown might serve as a paradigm for the synergistic disruption of endocrine control by other combinations of xenobiotics.}, language = {en} } @article{TschumiNaglSimonettietal.2009, author = {Tschumi, Sibylle and Nagl, Britta and Simonetti, Giacomo Domenico and von Vigier, R. and Uehlinger, Dominik and Lauterburg, Bernhard and Utsch, Boris}, title = {Symptomatic pseudotumor cerebri : evidence for toxic vitamin A levels in patients with chronic renal insufficiency?}, issn = {0931-041X}, doi = {10.1007/s00467-009-1132-y}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{ThierbachDrewesFusseretal.2009, author = {Thierbach, Ren{\´e} and Drewes, Gunnar and Fusser, Markus and Wolfrum, Kathrin and Epe, Bernd and Ristow, Michael and Steinberg, Pablo}, title = {A role for iron-sulfur cluster proteins in DNA repair}, issn = {0028-1298}, doi = {10.1007/s00210-009-0404-1}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{RueferKullingMoesenederetal.2009, author = {Ruefer, Corinna E. and Kulling, Sabine E. and Moeseneder, Jutta and Winterhalter, Peter and Bub, Achim}, title = {Role of plasma lipoproteins in the transport of the soyabean isoflavones daidzein and daidzein-7-O-beta-D- glucoside}, issn = {0007-1145}, doi = {10.1017/S0007114509297224}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Isoflavone intake is associated with various properties beneficial to human health which are related to their antioxidant activity, for example, to their ability to increase LDL oxidation resistance. However, the distribution of isoflavones among plasma lipoproteins has not yet been elucidated in vivo. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the association between daidzein (DAI) and lipoproteins in human plasma upon administration of the aglycone and glucoside form. Five men aged 22-30 years participated in a randomised, double-blind study in cross-over design. After ingestion of DAI and daidzein-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (DG) (1 mg DAI aglycone equivalents/kg body weight) blood samples were drawn before isoflavone administration as well as 1, 2, 3, 4.5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24 and 48 h post-dose. Concentrations of DAI in the different lipoprotein fractions (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) and in the non-lipoprotein fraction were analysed using isotope dilution capillary GUMS. The lipoprotein fraction profiles were similar for all subjects and resembled those obtained for plasma in our previously published study. The lipoprotein distribution based on the area under the concentration-time profiles from 0 h to infinity in the different fractions were irrespective of the administered form: non-lipoprotein fraction (53\%) > LDL (20\%) > HDL (14\%) > VLDL (9-5\%) > chylomicrons (2-5\%). Of DAI present in plasma, 47\% was associated to lipoproteins. Concentrations in the different lipoprotein fractions as well as in the non-lipoprotein fraction were always higher after the ingestion of DG than of DAI. Taken together, these results demonstrate an association between isoflavones and plasma lipoproteins in vivo.}, language = {en} } @article{NaglLouiRailaetal.2009, author = {Nagl, Britta and Loui, Andrea and Raila, Jens and Felderhoff-Mueser, Ursula and Obladen, Michael and Schweigert, Florian J.}, title = {Urinary vitamin A excretion in very low birth weight infants}, issn = {0931-041X}, doi = {10.1007/s00467-008-0965-0}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Vitamin A (VA) deficiency in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is associated with an increased risk for disorders related to kidney and lung maturation and function. VA losses through increased urinary retinol (ROH) excretion might contribute to this deficiency risk. The mechanism accounting for ROH loss in the urine has not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to assess the excretion of ROH, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and transthyretin (TTR) in urine from VLBW infants in comparison with that in term infants in relation to kidney function. Urine specimens were collected from 15 VLBW infants (birth weight < 1,500 g) as well as from 20 term infants during the first 2 days after birth. ROH in urine was detectable in 14 of the 15 VLBW infants at a median concentration of 234 nmol/g creatinine. In the group of term infants, 17 of the 20 excreted ROH, but at an approximately five-times lower concentration (P<0.001). Excretion of RBP4 and TTR was also much higher in VLBW infants (both P<0.001). The urinary ROH excretion in VLBW infants may be related to the impaired tubular handling of its carrier proteins RBP4 and TTR. Thus, ROH excretion might contribute to an increased risk of VA deficiency, especially in VLBW infants.}, language = {en} } @article{MuellerUllmannWilkensetal.2009, author = {Mueller, Carsten and Ullmann, Kristina and Wilkens, Andrea and Winterhalter, Peter and Toyokuni, Shinya and Steinberg, Pablo}, title = {Potent antioxidative activity of vineatrol (R) 30 grapevine-shoot extract}, issn = {0916-8451}, doi = {10.1271/Bbb.90213}, year = {2009}, abstract = {The health promoting effects of a grapevine-shoot extract named Vineatrol (R) 30, which contains resveratrol (Resv) as well as considerable amounts of Resv oligomers, have recently been investigated. In the present study, we analyzed the free radical scavenging capacity, the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, and the capacity to enhance the human glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx) and the human superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD) gene promoter activities of Vineatrol (R) 30. Vineatrol (R) 30 was able to scavenge the 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation and led to concentration-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation, Vineatrol (R) 30 not being superior to Resv alone in both cases. Vineatrol (R) 30 also enhanced the gene promoter activities of human GPx and SOD expressed in V79 cells, whereas this effect could not be demonstrated for Resv. In summary, the results presented in this study show that the Vineatrol (R) 30 grapevine-shoot extract is a free radical scavenger and potent antioxidant at non- eytotoxic concentrations.}, language = {en} } @article{MortensenKullingSchwartzetal.2009, author = {Mortensen, Alicja and Kulling, Sabine E. and Schwartz, Heidi and Rowland, Ian and Ruefer, Corinna E. and Rimbach, Gerald and Cassidy, Aedin and Magee, Pamela and Millar, Julie and Hall, Wendy L. and Kramer Birkved, Franziska and Sorensen, Ilona K. and Sontag, Gerhard}, title = {Analytical and compositional aspects of isoflavones in food and their biological effects}, issn = {1613-4125}, doi = {10.1002/mnfr.200800478}, year = {2009}, abstract = {This paper provides an overview of analytical techniques used to determine isoflavones (IFs) in foods and biological fluids with main emphasis on sample preparation methods. Factors influencing the content of IFs in food including processing and natural variability are summarized and an insight into IF databases is given. Comparisons of dietary intake of IFs in Asian and Western populations, in special subgroups like vegetarians, vegans, and infants are made and our knowledge on their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion by the human body is presented. The influences of the gut microflora, age, gender, background diet, food matrix, and the chemical nature of the IFs on the metabolism of IFs are described. Potential mechanisms by which IFs may exert their actions are reviewed, and genetic polymorphism as determinants of biological response to soy IFs is discussed. The effects of IFs on a range of health outcomes including atherosclerosis, breast, intestinal, and prostate cancers, menopausal symptoms, bone health, and cognition are reviewed on the basis of the available in vitro, in vivo animal and human data.}, language = {en} } @article{MaederRawelKroh2009, author = {Maeder, Jens and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Kroh, Lothar W.}, title = {Composition of phenolic compounds and glycoalkaloids alpha-solanine and alpha-chaconine during commercial potato processing}, issn = {0021-8561}, doi = {10.1021/Jf901066k}, year = {2009}, abstract = {The influence of a commercial production process for dehydrated potato flakes on the content of free phenolic compounds, total phenolics, and glycoalkaloids in potatoes during the subsequent processing steps was determined. Processing byproducts, such as potato peel (steam peeling), mashed potato residues, and side streams (blanching and cooking waters), have also been investigated. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to separate and quantify caffeic acid, gallic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydoxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, catechin, and three isomers of caffeoylquinic acid: chlorogenic, neochlorogenic and cryptochlorogenic acid. Determination of the glycoalkaloids a-solanine and alpha-chaconine was performed by using a high- performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. The deliverables reveal that processing potatoes to potato flakes remarkably diminishes the content of the analyzed compounds, mainly due to peeling and leaching. The influence of thermal exposure is less significant. About 43\% of the initial phenolic acids and 10\% of the glycoalkaloids remain after processing. The results of the total phenolic content assay by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent are proportional to the content of phenolic compounds determined by HPLC. Steam peeling has a higher influence on glycoalkaloid losses compared to that on phenolics. The highest amounts of phenolic compounds and glycoalkaloids were found in peeling byproduct. During processing, the amount of chlorogenic acid decreased, whereas the concentration of neochlorogenic acid increased due to isomerization. The impact of the results on potato processing technology is discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{KawashimaKidaSchweigertetal.2009, author = {Kawashima, Chiho and Kida, Katsuya and Schweigert, Florian J. and Miyamoto, Akio}, title = {Relationship between plasma beta-carotene concentrations during the peripartum period and ovulation in the first follicular wave postpartum in dairy cows}, issn = {0378-4320}, doi = {10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.02.008}, year = {2009}, abstract = {beta-Carotene functions independently of vitamin A in the reproductive performance of dairy cows. The concentrations of beta-carotene in plasma decrease during the dry period, and reach a nadir in about the first week postpartum. This coincides with a negative energy balance, which affects the onset of the first ovulation in early postpartum cows. Thus, we hypothesised that plasma beta-carotene concentrations during the peripartum period may affect ovulation in the first follicular wave postpartum in dairy cows. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in the profiles of plasma beta-carotene concentrations during the peripartum period in ovulatory and anovulatory cows during the first follicular wave postpartum. We used 22 multiparous Holstein cows, which were fed a total mixed ration consisting of grass, corn silage and concentrate, and collected blood samples for beta-carotene and progesterone analysis from week 3 prepartum to week 3 postpartum when the period of day 0-6 after parturition was regarded as the parturient week (week 0). The first ovulation was confirmed using the profile of plasma progesterone concentrations and colour Doppler ultrasound. Thirteen cows ovulated during the first postpartum follicular wave. Parity, the dry-off period, calving interval, mastitis episodes, and actual 305 days' milk yield during the previous lactation, and milk composition in the last month during the previous lactation in this study did not differ between ovulatory and anovulatory cows. Differences in the plasma beta-carotene profile were observed between ovulatory and anovulatory cows. Plasma P-carotene concentrations at week 3 prepartum were greater in ovulatory cows (2.97 +/- 0.24mg/L) than in anovulatory cows (1.53 +/- 0.14mg/L; P < 0.001), after that its concentrations in ovulatory cows decreased and reached the lowest level at week I postpartum, although its concentrations in anovulatory cows remained unchanged. No differences in plasma P-carotene concentrations between the two groups were observed postpartum. The present study indicates for the first time that the lower P-carotene concentrations in plasma during the prepartum period is associated with anovulation during the first follicular wave postpartum.}, language = {en} } @article{HertrampfLedwigKullingetal.2009, author = {Hertrampf, Torsten and Ledwig, C. and Kulling, Sabine and Molzberger, Almut and Moeller, Frank J. and Zierau, Oliver and Vollmer, G{\"u}nter and Moors, Stefan and Degen, Gisela H. and Diel, Patrick}, title = {Responses of estrogen sensitive tissues in female Wistar rats to pre- and postnatal isoflavone exposure}, issn = {0378-4274}, doi = {10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.019}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Effects of isoflavones on estrogen sensitive tissues are discussed controversially This study was designed to investigate tissue specific effects of an isoflavone exposure through different periods of life in female Wistar rats and to compare the effects of genistein (GEN) to those of mixed dietary isoflavones, GEN and daidzein (DAI). One group received an isoflavone-free diet (IDD). another was fed an isoflavone-rich diet (IRD) and the third group an IDD supplemented with GEN (GEN(d)) prior to mating. throughout pregnancy and up to weaning The offspring were kept on the respective diets during growth. puberty and adulthood The weight of the uterus, the height of the uterine and vaginal epithelium, the bone mineral density of the tibia, and the expression of the estrogen sensitive gene CaBP9K in the liver were determined. At d21, the uterine weight, the uterine epithelium and the expression of CaBP9K in the liver were significantly stimulated in GEN(d) animals compared to IDD and IRD Interestingly, bone mineral density was increased in GEN(d) and in IRD animals Around puberty (d50) neither uterine wet weights nor trabecular bone density differed significantly among the isoflavone groups and the IDD control. At d80 nosignificant differences in uterine weight were observed among IDD. GEN(d) and IRD animals. However, bone mineral density was increased in GEN(d) and IRD animals In summary, Our results demonstrate that lifelong dietary exposure to isoflavones can affect estrogen sensitive tissues, apparently in a tissue selective manner With respect to health risk and benefit our data indicate that an increased bone mineral density can be achieved by lifelong exposure to an IRD. which, in contrast to GEN supplementation, does not seem to stimulate the proliferation of the uterine epithelium}, language = {en} } @article{HenkelNeuschaeferRubePatheNeuschaeferRubeetal.2009, author = {Henkel, Janin and Neuschaefer-Rube, Frank and Pathe-Neuschaefer-Rube, Andrea and P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul}, title = {Aggravation by prostaglandin e-2 of interleukin-6-dependent insulin resistance in hepatocytes}, issn = {0270-9139}, doi = {10.1002/Hep.23064}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Hepatic insulin resistance is a major contributor to fasting hyperglycemia in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Circumstantial evidence suggests that cyclooxygenase products in addition to cytokines might contribute to insulin resistance. However, direct evidence for a role of prostaglandins in the development of hepatic insulin resistance is lacking. Therefore, the impact of prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) alone and in combination with interleukin-6 (IL-6) on insulin signaling was studied in primary hepatocyte cultures. Rat hepatocytes were incubated with IL-6 and/or PGE(2) and subsequently with insulin. Glycogen synthesis was monitored by radiochemical analysis; the activation state of proteins of the insulin receptor signal chain was analyzed by western blot with phosphospecific antibodies. In hepatocytes, insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and insulin-dependent phosphorylation of Akt-kinase were attenuated synergistically by prior incubation with IL-6 and/or PGE(2) while insulin receptor autophosphorylation was barely affected. IL-6 but not PGE(2) induced suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS3). PGE(2) but not IL-6 activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) persistently. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by PD98059 abolished the PGE(2)-dependent but not the IL-6-dependent attenuation of insulin signaling. In HepG2 cells expressing a recombinant EP3-receptor, PGE(2) pre-incubation activated ERK1/2, caused a serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), and reduced the insulin-dependent Akt-phosphorylation. Conclusion: PGE(2) might contribute to hepatic insulin resistance via an EP3-receptor-dependent ERK1/2 activation resulting in a serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate, thereby preventing an insulin-dependent activation of Akt and glycogen synthesis. Since different molecular mechanisms appear to be employed, PGE(2) may synergize with IL-6, which interrupted the insulin receptor signal chain, principally by an induction of SOCS, namely SOCS3.}, language = {en} } @article{GriebschArndtRailaetal.2009, author = {Griebsch, Christine and Arndt, Gisela and Raila, Jens and Schweigert, Florian J. and Kohn, Barbara}, title = {C-reactive protein concentration in dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia}, issn = {0275-6382}, doi = {10.1111/j.1939-165X.2009.00146.x}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Background Canine primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is associated with a high-mortality rate. C- reactive protein (CRP) is the most important acute-phase protein in dogs and may have value as a marker of prognosis or response to treatment in IMHA. Objective The objectives of this study were to evaluate serum CRP concentration in dogs with primary IMHA at presentation and during treatment, to assess potential differences based on survival time, and to compare CRP with other laboratory parameters of inflammation and prognosis. Methods Inclusion criteria for primary IMHA were anemia (PCV < 0.30 L/L), a positive Coombs' test or persistent autoagglutination of erythrocytes, and the exclusion of underlying diseases by other diagnostic tests. Dogs were divided into 2 groups based on survival: dogs that were still alive 14 days after start of treatment (group 1) and dogs that died or were euthanized before day 14 (group 2). Serum CRP concentration, a CBC, and a biochemistry profile were performed on days 0, 3, 8, and 14. Serum CRP also was determined in 25 clinically healthy dogs. Results CRP concentration in the 25 clinically healthy dogs ranged from 0- 8.9 mu g/mL (median 2.2 mu g/mL). Thirty dogs were diagnosed with primary IMHA, 24 in group 1 and 6 in group 2. On day 0, CRP concentration in dogs in both groups (median 224 mu g/mL) was increased above the reference interval. In group 1 dogs, median CRP concentration was 242 mu g/mL on day 0, 69 mu g/mL on day 3, 35 mu g/mL on day 8, and 2 mu g/mL on day 14. In group 2 dogs, median CRP concentration was 194 mu g/mL on day 0, 119 mu g/mL on day 3, and 41 mu g/mL on day 8; only 1 dog in group 2 survived to day 8. There was a significant correlation between CRP and total WBC concentrations on days 0 and 3 (r=-.598, P=.003). Conclusions Serum CRP concentration was markedly increased in dogs with primary IMHA. CRP concentration did not differ based on patient survival, but might be a marker for long-term monitoring of these patients.}, language = {en} } @article{GebhardtHirschbergerRauetal.2009, author = {Gebhardt, Constance and Hirschberger, Johannes and Rau, Stefanie and Arndt, Gisela and Krainer, Karen and Schweigert, Florian J. and Brunnberg, Leo and Kaspers, Bernd and Kohn, Barbara}, title = {Use of C-reactive protein to predict outcome in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis}, issn = {1479-3261}, doi = {10.1111/j.1476-4431.2009.00462.x}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Background There is a high mortality rate in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis. Therefore, an early diagnosis and prognostic assessment is important for optimal therapeutic intervention. The objective of the study was to evaluate if baseline values and changes in serum C-reactive protein (CRP) might predict survival in dogs with SIRS and sepsis. Design Prospective study; July 2004 to July 2005. Setting Small Animal Clinic, Berlin, Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Munich. Animals Sixty-one dogs. Measurements and Main Results For the CRP analysis blood was drawn on day 0, 1, and 2; CRP was measured using a commercial ELISA test kit. Thirteen dogs suffered from nonseptic SIRS and 48 dogs from sepsis. The 14-day survival rate was 61\% (69\% nonseptic SIRS, 58\% sepsis). Serum CRP was higher in sick dogs compared with controls (P < 0.001). Over the 3-day period surviving dogs (n=31) displayed a significantly greater decrease in CRP than nonsurvivors (n=10) (P=0.001). No correlation was found between the initial CRP concentrations and the survival rate. The changes in CRP corresponded to the survival rate (P=0.01). Conclusion There was no significant relationship between the survival rate in dogs with nonseptic SIRS or sepsis and the initial serum CRP concentrations. There was a correlation between decreasing CRP concentrations and recovery from disease. However, the changes in CRP concentrations over a 3-day period correctly predicted survival in 94\% of dogs and death in 30\% of the dogs (false positive rate 22\%).}, language = {en} } @article{FreySprangerHenzeetal.2009, author = {Frey, Simone K. and Spranger, Joachim and Henze, Andrea and Pfeiffer, Andreas F. H. and Schweigert, Florian J. and Raila, Jens}, title = {Factors that influence retinol-binding protein 4-transthyretin interaction are not altered in overweight subjects and overweight subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus}, issn = {0026-0495}, doi = {10.1016/j.metabol.2009.05.003}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine bound in plasma to transthyretin (TTR), which prevents its glomerular filtration and subsequent catabolism in the kidney. Alterations of this interaction have been Suggested to be implicated in the elevation of RBP4 that are thought to contribute to the development Of insulin resistance associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the factors linking RBP4 to TTR in humans are not clear. Therefore, this Study evaluated parameters influencing the RBP4-TTR interaction and their relation to obesity and T2DM. The RBP4 and TTR levels were quantified in plasma of 16 lean controls, 28 overweight controls, and 14 overweight T2DM patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Transthyretin isoforms involved in RBP4 binding were determined by linear matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry after RBP4 coimmunoprecipitation. Holo-RBP4 (retinol-bound) and apo-RBP4 (retinol-free) were assessed by immunoblotting using nondenaturating polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Plasma levels of both RBP4 and TTR did not differ among the groups of lean controls, overweight controls, and overweight T2DM subjects. Using RBP4 immunoprecipitation, 4 mass signals were observed for TTR representing native, S-cysteinylated, S-cysteinglycinylated, and S-glutathionylated TTR. No differences in peak intensity of TTR isoforms were observed among the groups. Moreover, no differences in the ratio of holo- and apo-RBP4 were evident. The results suggest that circulating RBP4 and TTR were not affected by human obesity or T2DM, which might be attributed to the absence of alterations of TTR isoforms and the ratio of holo- and apo-RBP4 that might modify the TTR-RBP4 interaction.}, language = {en} } @article{FreyHenzeNagletal.2009, author = {Frey, Simone K. and Henze, Andrea and Nagl, Britta and Raila, Jens and Scholze, Alexandra and Tepel, Martin and Schweigert, Florian J. and Zidek, Walter}, title = {Effect of renal replacement therapy on retinol-binding protein 4 isoforms}, issn = {0009-8981}, doi = {10.1016/j.cca.2008.11.008}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Background: Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels are elevated in the serum of patients with kidney dysfunction. We recently showed that RBP4 isoforms including apo-RBP4 (RBP4 not bound to retinol) and RBP4 truncated at the C-terminus (RBP4-L, RBP4-LL) are increased in the serum of patients with kidney diseases but not in serum of patients with various liver diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of renal replacement therapy on RBP4 isoforms. Methods: We investigated serum levels of RBP4, apo-RBP4, holo-RBP4, RBP4-L, RBP4-LL, retinol and transthyretin (TTR) in 18 hemodialysis (HD) patients, 30 patients after renal transplantation (RTx) and in 35 healthy controls. RBP4 and TTR levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, apo- and holo-RBP4 by native electrophoresis, retinol by high performance liquid chromatography and RBP4-L and RBP4-LL were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Results: HD and RTx patients had elevated RBP4, apo-RBP4 and RBP4-LL levels compared to controls. RTx patients had elevated amounts of RBP4-L compared to controls and elevated RBP4 and apo-RBP4 levels compared to HD patients. Conclusion: The results demonstrate a strong correlation between kidney function and RBP4 isoforms and provide data for investigating the relation of RBP4 and insulin resistance in these patients.}, language = {en} } @article{Barth2009, author = {Barth, Christian A.}, title = {Nutritional value of rapeseed oil and its high oleic/low linolenic variety : a call for differentiation}, issn = {1438-7697}, doi = {10.1002/ejlt.200900019}, year = {2009}, abstract = {To offer the best choice of healthy and acceptable food to the consumer a coordination of plant breeding, food processing and nutrition science is required. Here the nutritional aspects of the high oleic/low linolenic (HOLLi) varieties of rapeseed with a low alpha-linolenic acid content of about 3\% are reviewed. The content of alpha-linolenic acid amounting to around 9\% is the hallmark of the positive nutritional value of the original (erucic acid free) 00 varieties of rapeseed oil ("canola" quality in North America). n-3 fatty acids are endowed with the property to protect the cardiovascular system from chronic disease and the consumption of food containing n-3 fatty acids is explicitly recommended by national and international nutritional and medical authorities. Although the use of HOLLi with a low n-3 fatty acid content can be unavoidable for specific purposes, because of technological and health considerations the continuous future consumption of the original rapeseed oil with around 9\% of alpha-linolenic acid by the consumer should have high priority from the standpoint of public health. To pursue this aim confusion of the consumer must be avoided by creating a new name and a new brand for HOLLi varieties.}, language = {en} } @article{BachmannHomeierArltetal.2009, author = {Bachmann, Lutz and Homeier, Timo and Arlt, Sebastian and Brueckner, Monika and Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal and Deiner, Carolin and Hartmann, Helmut}, title = {Influence of different oral rehydration solutions on abomasal conditions and the acid-base status of suckling calves}, issn = {0022-0302}, doi = {10.3168/jds.2008-1487}, year = {2009}, abstract = {The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) on milk clotting, abomasal pH, electrolyte concentrations, and osmolality, as well as on the acid-base status in blood of suckling calves, as treatment with ORS is the most common therapy of diarrhea in calves to correct dehydration and metabolic acidosis. Oral rehydration solutions are suspected to inhibit abomasal clotting of milk; however, it is recommended to continue feeding cow's milk or milk replacer (MR) to diarrheic calves to prevent body weight losses. Three calves with abomasal cannulas were fed MR, MR-ORS mixtures, or water-ORS mixtures, respectively. Samples of abomasal fluid were taken before and after feeding at various time points, and pH, electrolyte concentrations, and osmolality were measured. The interference of ORS with milk clotting was examined in vivo and in vitro. To evaluate the effects of ORS on systemic acid-base status, the Stewart variables strong ion difference ([SID]), acid total ([A(tot)]), and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) were quantified in venous blood samples drawn before and after feeding. Calves reached higher abomasal pH values when fed with MR-ORS mixtures than when fed MR. Preprandial pH values were re-established after 4 to 6 h. Oral rehydration solutions prepared in water increased the abomasal fluid pH only for 1 to 2 h. Oral rehydration solutions with high [SID3] ([Na+] + [K+] - [Cl-]) values produced significantly higher abomasal pH values and area under the curve data of the pH time course. Caseinomacropeptide, an indicator of successful enzymatic milk clotting, could be identified in every sample of abomasal fluid after feeding MR-ORS mixtures. The MR-ORS mixtures with [SID3] values >= 92 mmol/L increased serum [SID3] but did not change venous blood pH. Oral rehydration solutions do not interfere with milk clotting in the abomasum and can, therefore, be administered with milk. In this study, MR-ORS mixtures with high [SID3] values caused an increase of serum [SID3] in healthy suckling calves and may be an effective treatment for metabolic acidosis in calves suffering from diarrhea.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Kucia2009, author = {Kucia, Marzena}, title = {Impact of a high protein diet on maternal health status, milk composition and rearing success during pregnancy and lactation of two mouse genotypes}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {X, 109 Bl. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mueller2009, author = {M{\"u}ller, Carsten}, title = {Nachweis antioxidativer und chemopr{\"a}ventiver Eigenschaften von Naturstoffen zur Verwendung als potenzielle Nahrungserg{\"a}nzungsmittel}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {139 Bl. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2009}, language = {de} }