@article{Kirjuchina2011, author = {Kirjuchina, Ljuba}, title = {"Die Stimme Europens, die Stimme der Welt!"}, series = {Mobilisierte Kulturen}, journal = {Mobilisierte Kulturen}, number = {1}, issn = {2192-3019}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57412}, pages = {265 -- 284}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Entrich2011, author = {Entrich, Steve R.}, title = {"Shadow Education" in Deutschland und Japan}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59659}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Der Autor versucht mit dieser kurzen Einf{\"u}hrung eine {\"U}bersicht {\"u}ber den Stand der Forschung zu einem Thema zu geben, das in der Forschung bisher noch nicht ausreichend ber{\"u}cksichtigt wurde: der außerschulischen, privatwirtschaftlich organisierten Zusatzbildung, der sogenannten Shadow Education. Der Fokus der Arbeit richtet sich dabei auf die L{\"a}nder Japan, welches bereits seit den 1970er Jahren ein System außerschulischer Bildungsinstitutionen besitzt, dessen Einfluss auf den Bildungserwerb junger Menschen so stark ist wie in kaum einem anderen Land, und Deutschland, dessen Schattenbildungs- oder Nachhilfesystem noch keinen derartig starken Einfluss aus{\"u}bt, jedoch in den vergangenen Jahren steten Zuwachs verzeichnen konnte. Interessierten soll dieser Einblick durch die umfangreiche Bibliographie eine Hilfe bei der Recherche zu diesem Thema bieten.}, language = {de} } @article{Kunow2011, author = {Kunow, R{\"u}diger}, title = {"Unavoidably side by side"}, series = {Mobilisierte Kulturen}, journal = {Mobilisierte Kulturen}, number = {1}, issn = {2192-3019}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57317}, pages = {17 -- 32}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @unpublished{MeleardRoelly2011, author = {M{\´e}l{\´e}ard, Sylvie and Roelly, Sylvie}, title = {A host-parasite multilevel interacting process and continuous approximations}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51694}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We are interested in modeling some two-level population dynamics, resulting from the interplay of ecological interactions and phenotypic variation of individuals (or hosts) and the evolution of cells (or parasites) of two types living in these individuals. The ecological parameters of the individual dynamics depend on the number of cells of each type contained by the individual and the cell dynamics depends on the trait of the invaded individual. Our models are rooted in the microscopic description of a random (discrete) population of individuals characterized by one or several adaptive traits and cells characterized by their type. The population is modeled as a stochastic point process whose generator captures the probabilistic dynamics over continuous time of birth, mutation and death for individuals and birth and death for cells. The interaction between individuals (resp. between cells) is described by a competition between individual traits (resp. between cell types). We look for tractable large population approximations. By combining various scalings on population size, birth and death rates and mutation step, the single microscopic model is shown to lead to contrasting nonlinear macroscopic limits of different nature: deterministic approximations, in the form of ordinary, integro- or partial differential equations, or probabilistic ones, like stochastic partial differential equations or superprocesses. The study of the long time behavior of these processes seems very hard and we only develop some simple cases enlightening the difficulties involved.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schoenheit2011, author = {Sch{\"o}nheit, J{\"o}rg}, title = {A phagocyte-specific Irf8 gene enhancer establishes early conventional dendritic cell commitment}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55482}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Haematopoietic development is a complex process that is strictly hierarchically organized. Here, the phagocyte lineages are a very heterogeneous cell compartment with specialized functions in innate immunity and induction of adaptive immune responses. Their generation from a common precursor must be tightly controlled. Interference within lineage formation programs for example by mutation or change in expression levels of transcription factors (TF) is causative to leukaemia. However, the molecular mechanisms driving specification into distinct phagocytes remain poorly understood. In the present study I identify the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8) as the specification factor of dendritic cell (DC) commitment in early phagocyte precursors. Employing an IRF8 reporter mouse, I showed the distinct Irf8 expression in haematopoietic lineage diversification and isolated a novel bone marrow resident progenitor which selectively differentiates into CD8α+ conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) in vivo. This progenitor strictly depends on Irf8 expression to properly establish its transcriptional DC program while suppressing a lineage-inappropriate neutrophile program. Moreover, I demonstrated that Irf8 expression during this cDC commitment-step depends on a newly discovered myeloid-specific cis-enhancer which is controlled by the haematopoietic transcription factors PU.1 and RUNX1. Interference with their binding leads to abrogation of Irf8 expression, subsequently to disturbed cell fate decisions, demonstrating the importance of these factors for proper phagocyte cell development. Collectively, these data delineate a transcriptional program establishing cDC fate choice with IRF8 in its center.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Andorf2011, author = {Andorf, Sandra}, title = {A systems biological approach towards the molecular basis of heterosis in Arabidopsis thaliana}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51173}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Heterosis is defined as the superiority in performance of heterozygous genotypes compared to their corresponding genetically different homozygous parents. This phenomenon is already known since the beginning of the last century and it has been widely used in plant breeding, but the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this work, a systems biological approach based on molecular network structures is proposed to contribute to the understanding of heterosis. Hybrids are likely to contain additional regulatory possibilities compared to their homozygous parents and, therefore, they may be able to correctly respond to a higher number of environmental challenges, which leads to a higher adaptability and, thus, the heterosis phenomenon. In the network hypothesis for heterosis, presented in this work, more regulatory interactions are expected in the molecular networks of the hybrids compared to the homozygous parents. Partial correlations were used to assess this difference in the global interaction structure of regulatory networks between the hybrids and the homozygous genotypes. This network hypothesis for heterosis was tested on metabolite profiles as well as gene expression data of the two parental Arabidopsis thaliana accessions C24 and Col-0 and their reciprocal crosses. These plants are known to show a heterosis effect in their biomass phenotype. The hypothesis was confirmed for mid-parent and best-parent heterosis for either hybrid of our experimental metabolite as well as gene expression data. It was shown that this result is influenced by the used cutoffs during the analyses. Too strict filtering resulted in sets of metabolites and genes for which the network hypothesis for heterosis does not hold true for either hybrid regarding mid-parent as well as best-parent heterosis. In an over-representation analysis, the genes that show the largest heterosis effects according to our network hypothesis were compared to genes of heterotic quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions. Separately for either hybrid regarding mid-parent as well as best-parent heterosis, a significantly larger overlap between the resulting gene lists of the two different approaches towards biomass heterosis was detected than expected by chance. This suggests that each heterotic QTL region contains many genes influencing biomass heterosis in the early development of Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, this integrative analysis led to a confinement and an increased confidence in the group of candidate genes for biomass heterosis in Arabidopsis thaliana identified by both approaches.}, language = {en} } @misc{GuerreroChuHamannetal.2011, author = {Guerrero, Mart{\´i}n A. and Chu, You-Hua and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer and Oskinova, Lida and Sch{\"o}nberner, Detlef and Todt, Helge Tobias and Steffen, Matthias and Ruiz, Nieves and Gruendl, Robert A. and Blair, William P.}, title = {Ablation and wind mass-loading in the born-again planetary nebula A 30}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {563}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41234}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412341}, pages = {2}, year = {2011}, abstract = {We present XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of the born-again planetary nebula A 30. These X-ray observations reveal a bright unresolved source at the position of the central star whose X-ray luminosity exceeds by far the model expectations for photospheric emission and for shocks within the stellar wind. We suggest that a "born-again hot bubble" may be responsible for this X-ray emission. Diffuse X-ray emission associated with the petal-like features and one of the H-poor knots seen in the optical is also found. The weakened emission of carbon lines in the spectrum of the diffuse emission can be interpreted as the dilution of stellar wind by mass-loading or as the detection of material ejected during a very late thermal pulse.}, language = {en} } @misc{Dallapiazza2011, author = {Dallapiazza, Michael}, title = {Abraham Sutzkever, Geh {\"u}ber W{\"o}rter wie {\"u}ber ein Minenfeld : Lyrik und Prosa. - (Campus Judaica ; 25) / [rezensiert von] Michael Dallapiazza}, series = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, journal = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, number = {17}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53607}, pages = {289 -- 291}, year = {2011}, abstract = {rezensiertes Werk: Sutzkever, Abraham: Geh {\"u}ber W{\"o}rter wie {\"u}ber ein Minenfeld : Lyrik und Prosa. - Einl. von Heather Valencia. Ausw., {\"U}bers. und Anm. von Peter Comans. - Frankfurt [u.a.] : Campus Verlag, 2009. - 389 S.. - (Campus Judaica ; 25) ISBN 978-3-593-38906-6}, language = {de} } @article{OPUS4-6097, title = {Abzug aus Afghanistan, aber nicht kopflos!}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {16}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63260}, pages = {44 -- 47}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Seifert2011, author = {Seifert, Arne C.}, title = {Abzug, um zu bleiben}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {16}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63305}, pages = {63 -- 67}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: Plan B f{\"u}r Afghanistan ; Langfriste Kampfmission ; Geostrategie der USA ; Interventionistische Orienterung ; Deutschlands Rolle}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Kellermann2011, author = {Kellermann, Thorsten}, title = {Accurate numerical relativity simulations of non-vacuumspace-times in two dimensions and applications to critical collapse}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59578}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This Thesis puts its focus on the physics of neutron stars and its description with methods of numerical relativity. In the first step, a new numerical framework the Whisky2D code will be developed, which solves the relativistic equations of hydrodynamics in axisymmetry. Therefore we consider an improved formulation of the conserved form of these equations. The second part will use the new code to investigate the critical behaviour of two colliding neutron stars. Considering the analogy to phase transitions in statistical physics, we will investigate the evolution of the entropy of the neutron stars during the whole process. A better understanding of the evolution of thermodynamical quantities, like the entropy in critical process, should provide deeper understanding of thermodynamics in relativity. More specifically, we have written the Whisky2D code, which solves the general-relativistic hydrodynamics equations in a flux-conservative form and in cylindrical coordinates. This of course brings in 1/r singular terms, where r is the radial cylindrical coordinate, which must be dealt with appropriately. In the above-referenced works, the flux operator is expanded and the 1/r terms, not containing derivatives, are moved to the right-hand-side of the equation (the source term), so that the left hand side assumes a form identical to the one of the three-dimensional (3D) Cartesian formulation. We call this the standard formulation. Another possibility is not to split the flux operator and to redefine the conserved variables, via a multiplication by r. We call this the new formulation. The new equations are solved with the same methods as in the Cartesian case. From a mathematical point of view, one would not expect differences between the two ways of writing the differential operator, but, of course, a difference is present at the numerical level. Our tests show that the new formulation yields results with a global truncation error which is one or more orders of magnitude smaller than those of alternative and commonly used formulations. The second part of the Thesis uses the new code for investigations of critical phenomena in general relativity. In particular, we consider the head-on-collision of two neutron stars in a region of the parameter space where two final states a new stable neutron star or a black hole, lay close to each other. In 1993, Choptuik considered one-parameter families of solutions, S[P], of the Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations for a massless scalar field in spherical symmetry, such that for every P > P⋆, S[P] contains a black hole and for every P < P⋆, S[P] is a solution not containing singularities. He studied numerically the behavior of S[P] as P → P⋆ and found that the critical solution, S[P⋆], is universal, in the sense that it is approached by all nearly-critical solutions regardless of the particular family of initial data considered. All these phenomena have the common property that, as P approaches P⋆, S[P] approaches a universal solution S[P⋆] and that all the physical quantities of S[P] depend only on |P - P⋆|. The first study of critical phenomena concerning the head-on collision of NSs was carried out by Jin and Suen in 2007. In particular, they considered a series of families of equal-mass NSs, modeled with an ideal-gas EOS, boosted towards each other and varied the mass of the stars, their separation, velocity and the polytropic index in the EOS. In this way they could observe a critical phenomenon of type I near the threshold of black-hole formation, with the putative solution being a nonlinearly oscillating star. In a successive work, they performed similar simulations but considering the head-on collision of Gaussian distributions of matter. Also in this case they found the appearance of type-I critical behaviour, but also performed a perturbative analysis of the initial distributions of matter and of the merged object. Because of the considerable difference found in the eigenfrequencies in the two cases, they concluded that the critical solution does not represent a system near equilibrium and in particular not a perturbed Tolmann-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) solution. In this Thesis we study the dynamics of the head-on collision of two equal-mass NSs using a setup which is as similar as possible to the one considered above. While we confirm that the merged object exhibits a type-I critical behaviour, we also argue against the conclusion that the critical solution cannot be described in terms of equilibrium solution. Indeed, we show that, in analogy with what is found in, the critical solution is effectively a perturbed unstable solution of the TOV equations. Our analysis also considers fine-structure of the scaling relation of type-I critical phenomena and we show that it exhibits oscillations in a similar way to the one studied in the context of scalar-field critical collapse.}, language = {en} } @misc{AlterOttvonWebskyetal.2011, author = {Alter, Markus L. and Ott, Ina and von Websky, Karoline and Tsuprykov, Oleg and Sharkovska, Yuliya and Krause-Relle, Katharina and Raila, Jens and Henze, Andrea and Kretschmer, Axel and Stasch, Johannes-Peter and Hocher, Berthold}, title = {Additional stimulation of sGC on top of standard treatment with ARB`s may offer a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy resistant to ARB treatment alone}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {855}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42825}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428250}, pages = {4}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Background Riociguat is the first of a new class of drugs, the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators. Riociguat has a dual mode of action: it sensitizes sGC to the body's own NO and can also increase sGC activity in the absence of NO. The NO-sGC-pathway is impaired in many cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN leads to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is still a high unmet medical need. The urinary albumin excretion rate is a predictive biomarker for these clinical events. Therefore, we investigated the effect of riociguat, alone and in combination with the angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) telmisartan on the progression of DN in diabetic eNOS knock out mice, a new model closely resembling human pathology. Methods Seventy-six male eNOS knockout C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups after receiving intraperitoneal high-dose streptozotocin: telmisartan (1 mg/kg), riociguat (3 mg/kg), riociguat+telmisartan (3 and 1 mg/kg), and vehicle. Fourteen mice were used as non-diabetic controls. After 12 weeks, urine and blood were obtained and blood pressure measured. Glucose concentrations were highly increased and similar in all diabetic groups. Results Riociguat, alone (105.2 ± 2.5 mmHg; mean±SEM; n = 14) and in combination with telmisartan (105.0 ± 3.2 mmHg; n = 12), significantly reduced blood pressure versus diabetic controls (117.1 ± 2.2 mmHg; n = 14; p = 0.002 and p = 0.004, respectively), whereas telmisartan alone (111.2 ± 2.6 mmHg) showed a modest blood pressure lowering trend (p = 0.071; n = 14). The effects of single treatment with either riociguat (97.1 ± 15.7 µg/d; n = 13) or telmisartan (97.8 ± 26.4 µg/d; n = 14) did not significantly lower albumin excretion on its own (p = 0.067 and p = 0.101, respectively). However, the combined treatment led to significantly lower urinary albumin excretion (47.3 ± 9.6 µg/d; n = 12) compared to diabetic controls (170.8 ± 34.2 µg/d; n = 13; p = 0.004), and reached levels similar to non-diabetic controls (31.4 ± 10.1 µg/d, n = 12). Conclusion Riociguat significantly reduced urinary albumin excretion in diabetic eNOS knock out mice that were refractory to treatment with ARB's alone. Patients with diabetic nephropathy refractory to treatment with ARB's have the worst prognosis among all patients with diabetic nephropathy. Our data indicate that additional stimulation of sGC on top of standard treatment with ARB`s may offer a new therapeutic approach for patients with diabetic nephropathy resistant to ARB treatment.}, language = {en} } @misc{RisseKliegl2011, author = {Risse, Sarah and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Adult age differences in the perceptual span during reading}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-56935}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Following up on research suggesting an age-related reduction in the rightward extent of the perceptual span during reading (Rayner, Castelhano, \& Yang, 2009), we compared old and young adults in an N+2-boundary paradigm in which a nonword preview of word N+2 or word N+2 itself is replaced by the target word once the eyes cross an invisible boundary located after word N. The intermediate word N+1 was always three letters long. Gaze durations on word N+2 were significantly shorter for identical than nonword N+2 preview both for young and for old adults with no significant difference in this preview benefit. Young adults, however, did modulate their gaze duration on word N more strongly than old adults in response to the difficulty of the parafoveal word N+1. Taken together, the results suggest a dissociation of preview benefit and parafoveal-on-foveal effect. Results are discussed in terms of age-related decline in resilience towards distributed processing while simultaneously preserving the ability to integrate parafoveal information into foveal processing. As such, the present results relate to proposals of regulatory compensation strategies older adults use to secure an overall reading speed very similar to that of young adults.}, language = {en} } @book{AbedjanNaumann2011, author = {Abedjan, Ziawasch and Naumann, Felix}, title = {Advancing the discovery of unique column combinations}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-148-6}, issn = {1613-5652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53564}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {25}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Unique column combinations of a relational database table are sets of columns that contain only unique values. Discovering such combinations is a fundamental research problem and has many different data management and knowledge discovery applications. Existing discovery algorithms are either brute force or have a high memory load and can thus be applied only to small datasets or samples. In this paper, the wellknown GORDIAN algorithm and "Apriori-based" algorithms are compared and analyzed for further optimization. We greatly improve the Apriori algorithms through efficient candidate generation and statistics-based pruning methods. A hybrid solution HCAGORDIAN combines the advantages of GORDIAN and our new algorithm HCA, and it significantly outperforms all previous work in many situations.}, language = {en} } @article{CouperKuhlen2011, author = {Couper-Kuhlen, Elizabeth}, title = {Affectivity in cross-linguistic and cross-cultural perspective}, series = {Mobilisierte Kulturen}, journal = {Mobilisierte Kulturen}, number = {2}, issn = {2192-3019}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53723}, pages = {231 -- 257}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Crome2011, author = {Crome, Erhard}, title = {Afghanistan - Ein Menetekel}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {16}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63351}, pages = {79 -- 83}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: Reformulierung des Problems ; Die beiden Probleme des Westens ; Der afghanische Krieg}, language = {de} } @article{Fuessel2011, author = {F{\"u}ssel, Marian}, title = {Akademischer Sittenverfall?}, series = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, volume = {15}, journal = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, number = {1}, issn = {1617-9722}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58221}, pages = {124 -- 146}, year = {2011}, abstract = {- Einleitung I. Die Persistenz devianter Praktiken und die Indikatoren des „Sittenverfalls" II. Literis et Armis: Studentischer Kriegsdienst und symbolische Militarisierung III. Der akademische Sitten-Diskurs der zeitgen{\"o}ssischen Moralisten - Fazit}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Hoehne2011, author = {H{\"o}hne, Janet}, title = {Aktivit{\"a}ts- und Herzfrequenz-Monitoring zur Erfassung der Bewegungszeit und der Bewegungsintensit{\"a}t im schulischen und außerschulischen Kontext von Grundsch{\"u}lern im Land Brandenburg}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57937}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {"Kinderwelt ist Bewegungswelt" (Schmidt, 1997, S. 156, zitiert nach Schmidt, Hartmann-Tews \& Brettschneider, 2003, S. 31). Das kindliche Bewegungsverhalten hat sich bereits im Grundschulalter ver{\"a}ndert, so dass sich Bewegungsaktivit{\"a}ten von Kindern erheblich unterscheiden und keineswegs mehr verallgemeinert werden k{\"o}nnen. Richtet man den Fokus auf die Frage „Wie bewegt sind unsere Kinder?" so scheint diese von den Medien bereits beantwortet zu sein, da dort von ansteigendem Bewegungsmangel der heutigen Kinder gegen{\"u}ber fr{\"u}heren Generationen berichtet wird. Wenn es in den Diskussionen um den Gesundheitszustand unserer Kinder geht, nimmt die k{\"o}rperlich-sportliche Aktivit{\"a}t eine entscheidende Rolle ein. Bewegungsmangel ist hierbei ein zentraler Begriff der in der {\"O}ffentlichkeit diskutiert wird. Bei der Betrachtung der einzelnen Studien f{\"a}llt auf, dass deutliche Defizite in der Messung der k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t bestehen. Zentraler Kritikpunkt in den meisten Studien ist die subjektive Erfassung der k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t. Ein Großteil bisheriger Untersuchungen zum Bewegungsverhalten basiert auf Beobachtungen, Befragungen oder Bewegungstageb{\"u}chern. Diese liefern ausschließlich zum Teil subjektive Einsch{\"a}tzungen der Kinder oder Eltern {\"u}ber die tats{\"a}chliche Bewegungszeit und -intensit{\"a}t. Das objektive Erfassen der Aktivit{\"a}t bzw. Inaktivit{\"a}t ist zwar seit einigen Jahren zentraler Gegenstand vieler Studien, dennoch gilt es, dieses noch sachkundiger zu l{\"o}sen, um subjektive und objektive Daten zu vergleichen. Um dem Bewegungsmangel der heutigen Kinder entgegenzuwirken, sind empirisch abgesicherte Erkenntnisse {\"u}ber die Bedingungsfaktoren und die Folgen des ver{\"a}nderten Bewegungsverhaltens dringend n{\"o}tig. Die Quer- und L{\"a}ngsschnittuntersuchung umfasst die Bereiche Anthropometrie, die Erfassung der k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t und die Herzfrequenzmessung {\"u}ber 24h. F{\"u}r die Studie konnten 106 Jungen und M{\"a}dchen im Zeitraum von Januar 2007 bis April 2009 rekrutiert und {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft werden. Die physiologischen Parameter wurden mit Hilfe des ACTIHEART-Messsytems aufgezeichnet und berechnet. Die Ergebnisse zur k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t wurden in die Untersuchungsabschnitte Schulzeit gesamt, Pause, Sportunterricht, Nachmittag und 24h unterteilt. Durch das Messsystem werden die Bewegungsaktivit{\"a}t und die Herzfrequenz synchron aufgezeichnet. Das System nimmt die Beschleunigungswerte des K{\"o}rpers auf und speichert sie im frei w{\"a}hlbaren Zeitintervall, Short oder Long Term, in Form von „activity counts" ab. Das Messsytem berechnet weiterhin die Intensit{\"a}t k{\"o}rperlicher Aktivit{\"a}t.}, language = {de} } @article{Reich2011, author = {Reich, Karin}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Carl Friedrich Gauß als Wegbereiter der neuen Disziplin Erdmagnetismus}, series = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, volume = {XII}, journal = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, number = {22}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57282}, pages = {35 -- 55}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldt hatte sich bereits in Freiberg mit dem Erdmagnetismus besch{\"a}ftigt; jedoch erst in Frankreich lernte er die entsprechenden Beobachtungsmethoden kennen. Auf allen seinen Reisen machte er erdmagnetische Messungen. Seine Zusammenarbeit mit Arago in Paris war besonders fruchtbar, hier wurde das erste magnetische Observatorium gebaut. Humboldt besch{\"a}ftigte sich vor allem mit Intensit{\"a}tsmessungen; sein wichtigster Beitrag war die Feststellung, dass die magnetische Intensit{\"a}t vom magnetischen {\"A}quator bis hin zu den Polen zunimmt. Carl Friedrich Gauß interessierte sich seit mindestens 1803 f{\"u}r den Erdmagnetismus; vor allem trachtete er danach, die Humboldtschen Messergebnisse zu bekommen. Als im Jahre 1831 Wilhelm Weber als Professor der Physik nach G{\"o}ttingen berufen worden war, war dies ein Wendepunkt f{\"u}r Gauß. Bereits 1833 war G{\"o}ttingen zum Zentrum f{\"u}r erdmagnetische Forschungen geworden; eine neue {\"A}ra begann, welche allerdings nur bis 1843 w{\"a}hrte. Gauß' wichtigste Beitr{\"a}ge waren theoretischer Natur; zun{\"a}chst stellte er Humboldts relative Intensit{\"a}tsmessungen auf absolute Messungen um, die unabh{\"a}ngig von der jeweils gebrauchten Magnetnadel waren. Mit Gauß' Publikation „Allgemeine Theorie des Erdmagnetismus" (1839) begann eine neue Epoche. Der springende Punkt war der neu definierte Terminus „Potential". Gauß pr{\"a}sentierte erstmals das Bild der Erdoberfl{\"a}che mit {\"A}quipotentiallinien.}, language = {de} } @article{Andress2011, author = {Andress, Reinhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Carlos Mont{\´u}far als Reisegef{\"a}hrten}, series = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, volume = {XII}, journal = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, number = {22}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55432}, pages = {10 -- 22}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Als Alexander von Humboldt im Juni 1802 von Quito aus zum Rest seiner lateinamerikanischen Forschungsreise aufbrach, begleitete ihn, abgesehen von Aim{\´e} Bonpland, Carlos Mont{\´u}far bis nach Europa zur{\"u}ck begleitet, u.a. auch auf beim Versuch, den Chimborazo zu ersteigen. Bis kurz vor der Stadt Cajamarca im heutigen Peru schrieb Mont{\´u}far ein relativ unbekanntes Tagebuch zur Reise. Nach einem kurzen Ausflug in das Leben von Humboldts Begleiter steht im Zentrum der weiteren Ausf{\"u}hrungen die Frage, ob sein Tagebuch ein anderes Licht auf Humboldt und speziell auf den Aufstiegsversuch wirft. Das l{\"a}uft auf einen Vergleich der Tageb{\"u}cher der beiden Reisegef{\"a}hrten hinaus und auf den Versuch, die scheinbaren Widerspr{\"u}che aufzul{\"o}sen.}, language = {de} } @article{Ette2011, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt: Wissenschaft im Feld}, series = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, volume = {XII}, journal = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, number = {23}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57553}, pages = {9 -- 25}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldt verstand sich zwar sicher nicht als Direktor eines Museums, war aber sehr wohl der Welt der Museen, Bibliotheken und Archive nicht nur als Besucher und Leser, sondern auch als Sammler und Forscher verpflichtet. Durch seine Forschungsreisen nach Amerika und Asien vermehrte er im Verlauf eines langen Gelehrtenlebens viele Sammlungen durch eigene Sammelt{\"a}tigkeit vor Ort. Seine Feldforschung blieb dabei nicht auf naturwissenschaftliche Aspekte begrenzt, sondern bezog ganz selbstverst{\"a}ndlich auch die verschiedenartigsten kulturwissenschaftlichen Forschungsgegenst{\"a}nde mitein. Diese transdisziplin{\"a}r agierende Praxis im Feld l{\"a}sst sich zugleich als eine transareale, einzelne Areas {\"u}bergreifende und damit im Sinne von TransArea Studies aus den Beziehungen, Zirkulationen und Wechselwirkungen jenseits des bloß Territorialen sich speisende Wissenschaftskonzeption begreifen. So l{\"a}sst sich in seiner Auseinandersetzung mit der amerikanischen Tropenwelt eine doppelte transareale Relationalit{\"a}t erkennen, die einerseits intern die Tropenwelt unterschiedlicher Kontinente miteinander verbindet, andererseits aber extern die Tropen insbesondere mit den gem{\"a}ßigten Zonen in Relation setzt, um dadurch erst globale Zusammenh{\"a}nge - einschließlich der sich ver{\"a}ndernden Schneegrenzen oder der Wanderungsbewegungen der Pflanzenformen, f{\"u}r die sich die mobile Wissenschaft Humboldts in besonderem Maße interessierte - skizzieren und erl{\"a}utern zu k{\"o}nnen. Die Tropen sind f{\"u}r ihn die Zone h{\"o}chster Mannigfaltigkeit und Vielverbundenheit - oder um es mit heutigen Begriffen zum Ausdruck zu bringen: die TransArea par excellence.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Gomolka2011, author = {Gomolka, Johannes}, title = {Algorithmic Trading}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-125-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51009}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {383}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Die Elektronisierung der Finanzm{\"a}rkte ist in den letzten Jahren weit vorangeschritten. Praktisch jede B{\"o}rse verf{\"u}gt {\"u}ber ein elektronisches Handelssystem. In diesem Kontext beschreibt der Begriff Algorithmic Trading ein Ph{\"a}nomen, bei dem Computerprogramme den Menschen im Wertpapierhandel ersetzen. Sie helfen dabei Investmententscheidungen zu treffen oder Transaktionen durchzuf{\"u}hren. Algorithmic Trading selbst ist dabei nur eine unter vielen Innovationen, welche die Entwicklung des B{\"o}rsenhandels gepr{\"a}gt haben. Hier sind z.B. die Erfindung der Telegraphie, des Telefons, des FAX oder der elektronische Wertpapierabwicklung zu nennen. Die Frage ist heute nicht mehr, ob Computerprogramme im B{\"o}rsenhandel eingesetzt werden. Sondern die Frage ist, wo die Grenze zwischen vollautomatischem B{\"o}rsenhandel (durch Computer) und manuellem B{\"o}rsenhandel (von Menschen) verl{\"a}uft. Bei der Erforschung von Algorithmic Trading wird die Wissenschaft mit dem Problem konfrontiert, dass keinerlei Informationen {\"u}ber diese Computerprogramme zug{\"a}nglich sind. Die Idee dieser Dissertation bestand darin, dieses Problem zu umgehen und Informationen {\"u}ber Algorithmic Trading indirekt aus der Analyse von (Fonds-)Renditen zu extrahieren. Johannes Gomolka untersucht daher die Forschungsfrage, ob sich Aussagen {\"u}ber computergesteuerten Wertpapierhandel (kurz: Algorithmic Trading) aus der Analyse von (Fonds-)Renditen ziehen lassen. Zur Beantwortung dieser Forschungsfrage formuliert der Autor eine neue Definition von Algorithmic Trading und unterscheidet mit Buy-Side und Sell-Side Algorithmic Trading zwei grundlegende Funktionen der Computerprogramme (die Entscheidungs- und die Transaktionsunterst{\"u}tzung). F{\"u}r seine empirische Untersuchung greift Gomolka auf das Multifaktorenmodell zur Style-Analyse von Fung und Hsieh (1997) zur{\"u}ck. Mit Hilfe dieses Modells ist es m{\"o}glich, die Zeitreihen von Fondsrenditen in interpretierbare Grundbestandteile zu zerlegen und den einzelnen Regressionsfaktoren eine inhaltliche Bedeutung zuzuordnen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation zeigen, dass man mit Hilfe der Style-Analyse Aussagen {\"u}ber Algorithmic Trading aus der Analyse von (Fonds-)Renditen machen kann. Die Aussagen sind jedoch keiner technischen Natur, sondern auf die Analyse von Handelsstrategien (Investment-Styles) begrenzt.}, language = {de} } @article{Brand2011, author = {Brand, Alexander}, title = {Alte These - neuer Aufguss}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {20}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62788}, pages = {34 -- 37}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Kristen2011, author = {Kristen, Juliane Ute}, title = {Amphiphilic BAB-triblock copolymers bearing fluorocarbon groups : synthesis and self-organization in aqueous media}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-61782}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {In this work new fluorinated and non-fluorinated mono- and bifunctional trithiocarbonates of the structure Z-C(=S)-S-R and Z-C(=S)-S-R-S-C(=S)-Z were synthesized for the use as chain transfer agents (CTAs) in the RAFT-process. All newly synthesized CTAs were tested for their efficiency to moderate the free radical polymerization process by polymerizing styrene (M3). Besides characterization of the homopolymers by GPC measurements, end- group analysis of the synthesized block copolymers via 1H-, 19F-NMR, and in some cases also UV-vis spectroscopy, were performed attaching suitable fluorinated moieties to the Z- and/or R-groups of the CTAs. Symmetric triblock copolymers of type BAB and non-symmetric fluorine end- capped polymers were accessible using the RAFT process in just two or one polymerization step. In particular, the RAFT-process enabled the controlled polymerization of hydrophilic monomers such as N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) (M1) as well as N-acryloylpyrrolidine (NAP) (M2) for the A-blocks and of the hydrophobic monomers styrene (M3), 2-fluorostyrene (M4), 3-fluorostyrene (M5), 4-fluorostyrene (M6) and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene (M7) for the B-blocks. The properties of the BAB-triblock copolymers were investigated in dilute, concentrated and highly concentrated aqueous solutions using DLS, turbidimetry, 1H- and 19F-NMR, rheology, determination of the CMC, foam height- and surface tension measurements and microscopy. Furthermore, their ability to stabilize emulsions and microemulsions and the wetting behaviour of their aqueous solutions on different substrates was investigated. The behaviour of the fluorine end-functionalized polymers to form micelles was studied applying DLS measurements in diluted organic solution. All investigated BAB-triblock copolymers were able to form micelles and show surface activity at room temperature in dilute aqueous solution. The aqueous solutions displayed moderate foam formation. With different types and concentrations of oils, the formation of emulsions could be detected using a light microscope. A boosting effect in microemulsions could not be found adding BAB-triblock copolymers. At elevated polymer concentrations, the formation of hydrogels was proved applying rheology measurements.}, language = {en} } @book{KleineHirschfeldBracha2011, author = {Kleine, Matthias and Hirschfeld, Robert and Bracha, Gilad}, title = {An abstraction for version control systems}, series = {Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts f{\"u}r Softwaresystemtechnik an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, journal = {Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts f{\"u}r Softwaresystemtechnik an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, number = {54}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-158-5}, issn = {1613-5652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55629}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {77}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Versionsverwaltungssysteme (VCS) erm{\"o}glichen es Entwicklern, {\"A}nderungen an Softwareartifakten zu verwalten. VCS werden mit Hilfe einer Vielzahl verschiedener Werkzeuge bedient, wie z.\,B. graphische Front-ends oder Kommandozeilenwerkzeuge. Es ist w{\"u}nschenswert mit einzelnen solcher Werkzeuge unterschiedliche VCS bedienen zu k{\"o}nnen. Bislang hat sich jedoch keine Abstraktion f{\"u}r Versionsverwaltungssysteme durchgesetzt, mit deren Hilfe solche Werkzeuge erstellt werden k{\"o}nnen. Stattdessen implementieren Werkzeuge zur Interaktion mit mehreren VCS ad-hoc L{\"o}sungen. Diese Masterarbeit stellt Pur vor, eine Abstraktion {\"u}ber Versionsverwaltungskonzepte. Mit Hilfe von Pur k{\"o}nnen Anwendungsprogramme entwickelt werden, die mit mehreren Versionsverwaltungssystemen interagieren k{\"o}nnen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird eine Implementierung dieser Abstraktion bereitgestellt und mit Hilfe eines Anwendungsprogramms validiert.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Krause2011, author = {Krause, Jette}, title = {An expert-based Bayesian investigation of greenhouse gas emission reduction options for German passenger vehicles until 2030}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57671}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The present thesis introduces an iterative expert-based Bayesian approach for assessing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the 2030 German new vehicle fleet and quantifying the impacts of their main drivers. A first set of expert interviews has been carried out in order to identify technologies which may help to lower car GHG emissions and to quantify their emission reduction potentials. Moreover, experts were asked for their probability assessments that the different technologies will be widely adopted, as well as for important prerequisites that could foster or hamper their adoption. Drawing on the results of these expert interviews, a Bayesian Belief Network has been built which explicitly models three vehicle types: Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (which include mild and full Hybrid Electric Vehicles), Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles, and Battery Electric Vehicles. The conditional dependencies of twelve central variables within the BBN - battery energy, fuel and electricity consumption, relative costs, and sales shares of the vehicle types - have been quantified by experts from German car manufacturers in a second series of interviews. For each of the seven second-round interviews, an expert's individually specified BBN results. The BBN have been run for different hypothetical 2030 scenarios which differ, e.g., in regard to battery development, regulation, and fuel and electricity GHG intensities. The present thesis delivers results both in regard to the subject of the investigation and in regard to its method. On the subject level, it has been found that the different experts expect 2030 German new car fleet emission to be at 50 to 65\% of 2008 new fleet emissions under the baseline scenario. They can be further reduced to 40 to 50\% of the emissions of the 2008 fleet though a combination of a higher share of renewables in the electricity mix, a larger share of biofuels in the fuel mix, and a stricter regulation of car CO\$_2\$ emissions in the European Union. Technically, 2030 German new car fleet GHG emissions can be reduced to a minimum of 18 to 44\% of 2008 emissions, a development which can not be triggered by any combination of measures modeled in the BBN alone but needs further commitment. Out of a wealth of existing BBN, few have been specified by individual experts through elicitation, and to my knowledge, none of them has been employed for analyzing perspectives for the future. On the level of methods, this work shows that expert-based BBN are a valuable tool for making experts' expectations for the future explicit and amenable to the analysis of different hypothetical scenarios. BBN can also be employed for quantifying the impacts of main drivers. They have been demonstrated to be a valuable tool for iterative stakeholder-based science approaches.}, language = {en} } @misc{Schulz2011, author = {Schulz, Michael Karl}, title = {Andrzej Trzciński, Hebrajskie inskrypcje na materiale kamiennym w Polsce w XIII-XX wieku : Studium paleograficzno-epigraficzne [Hebr{\"a}ische Inschriften auf Steinmaterial in Polen im 13.-19. Jahrhundert : Ein pal{\"a}ographisch-epigraphisches Studium] / [rezensiert von] Michał Szulc}, series = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, journal = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, number = {17}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53452}, pages = {255 -- 257}, year = {2011}, abstract = {rezensiertes Werk: Trzciński, Andrzej: Hebrajskie inskrypcje na materiale kamiennym w Polsce w XIII-XX wieku : Studium paleograficzno-epigraficzne. - Lublin : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 2007. - 398 S. ISBN 978-83-227-2631-0}, language = {de} } @misc{FranselowSchlesewskyVogeletal.2011, author = {Franselow, Gisbert and Schlesewsky, Matthias and Vogel, Ralf and Weskott, Thomas}, title = {Animacy effects on crossing wh-movement in German}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93630}, pages = {657 -- 683}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This article presents several acceptability rating experiments concerned with crossing wh-movement in German multiple questions. Our results show that there is no general superiority effect in German, thus refuting claims to the contrary by Featherston (2005). However, acceptability is reduced when a whphrase crosses a wh-subject with which it agrees in animacy. We explain this finding in terms of the availability of different sorting keys for the answers to the multiple questions.}, language = {en} } @misc{Boegel2011, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {B{\"o}gel, Simon}, title = {Anreize bei der Budgetierung : Welche dysfunktionalen Verhaltensweisen der Manager resultieren aus der Berliner Median-Budgetierung?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58124}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht das Zusammenspiel von Motiven und Anreizen sowie beobachtbaren dysfunktionalen Verhaltensweisen von Managern bei der Berliner Median-Budgetierung. Von einer Literaturrecherche ausgehend wird zun{\"a}chst das theoretische Konzept der Dysfunktionen n{\"a}her gehend erl{\"a}utert und erkl{\"a}rt. Um den Aussagegehalt der theoretischen Annahmen zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen und somit eine Verbindung zwischen Einzelfallstudie und generellem theoretischem Kontext zu erhalten, werden hierzu Hypothesen aufgestellt. Darauf aufbauend folgt eine Einzelfallstudie der Berliner Median-Budgetierung mit Fokus auf die Amtsleiter der Leistungs- und Verantwortungszentren. Auf der fallbezogenen Ebene zeigt sich, dass die urspr{\"u}nglich in der Berliner Median-Budgetierung intendierten Anreizfunktionen bei den Amtsleitern weitest gehend nicht verfangen. Vielmehr produziert das Verfahren Anreize, die dysfunktionale Verhaltensweisen f{\"o}rdern. Auf der generellen Ebene kann hierzu ein Zusammenhang zwischen theoretischen Annahmen zu Dysfunktionen und den Beobachtungen der Einzelfallstudie hergestellt werden. Somit lassen sich dysfunktionale Handlungsmuster innerhalb der Berliner Median-Budgetierung mittels Erkl{\"a}rungsmodellen der theoretischen Konzeption begr{\"u}nden.}, language = {de} } @article{Kashgar2011, author = {Kashgar, Maral}, title = {Art. 3 im Rahmen des Individualbeschwerdeverfahrens gem{\"a}ß Art. 22 des {\"U}bereinkommens gegen Folter und andere grausame, unmenschliche oder erniedrigende Behandlung oder Strafe}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {16}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54429}, pages = {52 -- 73}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{MollLanderl2011, author = {Moll, Kristina and Landerl, Karin}, title = {Assoziationen und Dissoziationen von St{\"o}rungen des Lesens und Rechtschreibens}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {4}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54218}, pages = {47 -- 74}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Avila2011, author = {Avila, Gast{\´o}n}, title = {Asymptotic staticity and tensor decompositions with fast decay conditions}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54046}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Corvino, Corvino and Schoen, Chruściel and Delay have shown the existence of a large class of asymptotically flat vacuum initial data for Einstein's field equations which are static or stationary in a neighborhood of space-like infinity, yet quite general in the interior. The proof relies on some abstract, non-constructive arguments which makes it difficult to calculate such data numerically by using similar arguments. A quasilinear elliptic system of equations is presented of which we expect that it can be used to construct vacuum initial data which are asymptotically flat, time-reflection symmetric, and asymptotic to static data up to a prescribed order at space-like infinity. A perturbation argument is used to show the existence of solutions. It is valid when the order at which the solutions approach staticity is restricted to a certain range. Difficulties appear when trying to improve this result to show the existence of solutions that are asymptotically static at higher order. The problems arise from the lack of surjectivity of a certain operator. Some tensor decompositions in asymptotically flat manifolds exhibit some of the difficulties encountered above. The Helmholtz decomposition, which plays a role in the preparation of initial data for the Maxwell equations, is discussed as a model problem. A method to circumvent the difficulties that arise when fast decay rates are required is discussed. This is done in a way that opens the possibility to perform numerical computations. The insights from the analysis of the Helmholtz decomposition are applied to the York decomposition, which is related to that part of the quasilinear system which gives rise to the difficulties. For this decomposition analogous results are obtained. It turns out, however, that in this case the presence of symmetries of the underlying metric leads to certain complications. The question, whether the results obtained so far can be used again to show by a perturbation argument the existence of vacuum initial data which approach static solutions at infinity at any given order, thus remains open. The answer requires further analysis and perhaps new methods.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-5563, title = {Atomare Abr{\"u}stung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-56946}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Obamas Rede im Prager Fr{\"u}hling des Jahres 2009 sollte ein neuer Startschuss sein f{\"u}r die atomare Abr{\"u}stung. Im Winter 2011 herrscht Ern{\"u}chterung. Die Hoffnung auf eine atomwaffenfreie Welt hat sich nicht erf{\"u}llt. Neben kleinen Etappenerfolgen sind sogar Aufr{\"u}stungstendenzen zu verzeichnen, zwanzig Jahre nach dem Ende des Kalten Krieges. Die Forderung nach Global Zero steht weiterhin im politischen Raum. Beziehungsdiagnostik: Von Spannungen zwischen der T{\"u}rkei und Israel, dem Austausch zwischen China und Deutschland sowie der Zukunft des transatlantischen Verh{\"a}ltnisses berichten weitere Beitr{\"a}ge der aktuellen Ausgabe - klar, pointiert, streitbar.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Wist2011, author = {Wist, Dominic}, title = {Attacking complexity in logic synthesis of asynchronous circuits}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59706}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Most of the microelectronic circuits fabricated today are synchronous, i.e. they are driven by one or several clock signals. Synchronous circuit design faces several fundamental challenges such as high-speed clock distribution, integration of multiple cores operating at different clock rates, reduction of power consumption and dealing with voltage, temperature, manufacturing and runtime variations. Asynchronous or clockless design plays a key role in alleviating these challenges, however the design and test of asynchronous circuits is much more difficult in comparison to their synchronous counterparts. A driving force for a widespread use of asynchronous technology is the availability of mature EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools which provide an entire automated design flow starting from an HDL (Hardware Description Language) specification yielding the final circuit layout. Even though there was much progress in developing such EDA tools for asynchronous circuit design during the last two decades, the maturity level as well as the acceptance of them is still not comparable with tools for synchronous circuit design. In particular, logic synthesis (which implies the application of Boolean minimisation techniques) for the entire system's control path can significantly improve the efficiency of the resulting asynchronous implementation, e.g. in terms of chip area and performance. However, logic synthesis, in particular for asynchronous circuits, suffers from complexity problems. Signal Transitions Graphs (STGs) are labelled Petri nets which are a widely used to specify the interface behaviour of speed independent (SI) circuits - a robust subclass of asynchronous circuits. STG decomposition is a promising approach to tackle complexity problems like state space explosion in logic synthesis of SI circuits. The (structural) decomposition of STGs is guided by a partition of the output signals and generates a usually much smaller component STG for each partition member, i.e. a component STG with a much smaller state space than the initial specification. However, decomposition can result in component STGs that in isolation have so-called irreducible CSC conflicts (i.e. these components are not SI synthesisable anymore) even if the specification has none of them. A new approach is presented to avoid such conflicts by introducing internal communication between the components. So far, STG decompositions are guided by the finest output partitions, i.e. one output per component. However, this might not yield optimal circuit implementations. Efficient heuristics are presented to determine coarser partitions leading to improved circuits in terms of chip area. For the new algorithms correctness proofs are given and their implementations are incorporated into the decomposition tool DESIJ. The presented techniques are successfully applied to some benchmarks - including 'real-life' specifications arising in the context of control resynthesis - which delivered promising results.}, language = {en} } @article{DeKok2011, author = {De Kok, D{\"o}rte}, title = {Audiovisuelle Verarbeitung von Phonemen bei Aphasie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {4}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54253}, pages = {117 -- 133}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{LogesMenzel2011, author = {Loges, Bastian and Menzel, Ulrich}, title = {Auf dem Weg zu einer „sichereren Welt"?}, series = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, journal = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-61073}, pages = {201 -- 211}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - Verregelungsbedarf im Bereich der humanit{\"a}ren Intervention - Die Entwicklung des Regimes humanit{\"a}rer Interventionen - Das Regime humanit{\"a}rer Interventionen - Risiken und Chancen f{\"u}r das Regime humanit{\"a}rer Interventionen - Literatur}, language = {de} } @article{Froehlich2011, author = {Fr{\"o}hlich, Manuel}, title = {Auf der Suche nach einem neuen Konsens}, series = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, journal = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60921}, pages = {17 -- 30}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - Zum Charakter der Reformberichte - Zum Einsatz von Gewalt - Zu institutionellen Reformen - Fazit}, language = {de} } @article{WatermeyerHoehleKauschke2011, author = {Watermeyer, Melanie and H{\"o}hle, Barbara and Kauschke, Christina}, title = {Ausagieren von S{\"a}tzen versus Satz-Bild-Zuordnung}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {4}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54374}, pages = {237 -- 246}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @misc{DurzinskyMarwanOstrowskietal.2011, author = {Durzinsky, Markus and Marwan, Wolfgang and Ostrowski, Max and Schaub, Torsten H. and Wagler, Annegret}, title = {Automatic network reconstruction using ASP}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {560}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41241}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412419}, pages = {18}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Building biological models by inferring functional dependencies from experimental data is an important issue in Molecular Biology. To relieve the biologist from this traditionally manual process, various approaches have been proposed to increase the degree of automation. However, available approaches often yield a single model only, rely on specific assumptions, and/or use dedicated, heuristic algorithms that are intolerant to changing circumstances or requirements in the view of the rapid progress made in Biotechnology. Our aim is to provide a declarative solution to the problem by appeal to Answer Set Programming (ASP) overcoming these difficulties. We build upon an existing approach to Automatic Network Reconstruction proposed by part of the authors. This approach has firm mathematical foundations and is well suited for ASP due to its combinatorial flavor providing a characterization of all models explaining a set of experiments. The usage of ASP has several benefits over the existing heuristic algorithms. First, it is declarative and thus transparent for biological experts. Second, it is elaboration tolerant and thus allows for an easy exploration and incorporation of biological constraints. Third, it allows for exploring the entire space of possible models. Finally, our approach offers an excellent performance, matching existing, special-purpose systems.}, language = {en} } @article{Zyla2011, author = {Zyla, Benjamin}, title = {Außenpolitisches Selbstverst{\"a}ndnis}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {20}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62791}, pages = {38 -- 41}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Kindelberger2011, author = {Kindelberger, Hala}, title = {Bahrains Einb{\"u}rgerungspolitik}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {19}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63525}, pages = {96 -- 102}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: Geringe Loyalit{\"a}t? ; Einb{\"u}rgerung als Machtmittel ; Erschwerte Oppositionsarbeit ; Al-Khalifa vs. Schiiten ; Kreativ ins Abseits ; Literaturverzeichnis}, language = {de} } @article{Zgodzay2011, author = {Zgodzay, Michael}, title = {Begehren des Wirklichen und allegorischer Blick in der Prosa von Witold Gombrowicz}, series = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, journal = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58697}, pages = {69 -- 81}, year = {2011}, abstract = {- Einleitung - Kontext der Moderne - Melancholie und allegorischer Blick - Embleme - Literaturverzeichnis - Zur Autorin}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Weidlich2011, author = {Weidlich, Matthias}, title = {Behavioural profiles : a relational approach to behaviour consistency}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55590}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Business Process Management (BPM) emerged as a means to control, analyse, and optimise business operations. Conceptual models are of central importance for BPM. Most prominently, process models define the behaviour that is performed to achieve a business value. In essence, a process model is a mapping of properties of the original business process to the model, created for a purpose. Different modelling purposes, therefore, result in different models of a business process. Against this background, the misalignment of process models often observed in the field of BPM is no surprise. Even if the same business scenario is considered, models created for strategic decision making differ in content significantly from models created for process automation. Despite their differences, process models that refer to the same business process should be consistent, i.e., free of contradictions. Apparently, there is a trade-off between strictness of a notion of consistency and appropriateness of process models serving different purposes. Existing work on consistency analysis builds upon behaviour equivalences and hierarchical refinements between process models. Hence, these approaches are computationally hard and do not offer the flexibility to gradually relax consistency requirements towards a certain setting. This thesis presents a framework for the analysis of behaviour consistency that takes a fundamentally different approach. As a first step, an alignment between corresponding elements of related process models is constructed. Then, this thesis conducts behavioural analysis grounded on a relational abstraction of the behaviour of a process model, its behavioural profile. Different variants of these profiles are proposed, along with efficient computation techniques for a broad class of process models. Using behavioural profiles, consistency of an alignment between process models is judged by different notions and measures. The consistency measures are also adjusted to assess conformance of process logs that capture the observed execution of a process. Further, this thesis proposes various complementary techniques to support consistency management. It elaborates on how to implement consistent change propagation between process models, addresses the exploration of behavioural commonalities and differences, and proposes a model synthesis for behavioural profiles.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OPUS4-5189, title = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur sektoralen und regionalen {\"O}konomie}, editor = {Nikitina, Tatjana and Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-146-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53378}, pages = {V, 176}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Die Beitr{\"a}ge des Sammelbandes sind im Rahmen eines Forschungs- und Doktoranden-seminars vorgetragen und diskutiert worden, das im Dezember 2010 in Potsdam stattfand und an dem Wissenschaftler der Staatlichen Universit{\"a}t f{\"u}r Wirtschaft und Finanzen, St. Petersburg, und Wissenschaftler der Lehrst{\"u}hle f{\"u}r Statistik und {\"O}konometrie sowie f{\"u}r Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere Wirtschaftstheorie, der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam teilnahmen. Die Ver{\"o}ffentlichung der Aufs{\"a}tze zeigt zum einen die Vielfalt der Forschungsfelder an beiden Universit{\"a}ten, die sich aus den unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten der wissenschaftlichen Einheiten ergeben, sie zeigt auch zum anderen in beispielhafter Weise die unterschiedlichen Forschungstraditionen und Forschungsstile an beiden Universit{\"a}ten. Die Beitr{\"a}ge beziehen sich sowohl auf ausgew{\"a}hlte Branchen und als auch auf bestimmte raumwirtschaftliche Fragestellungen.}, language = {de} } @article{Schnittcher2011, author = {Schnittcher, Gerd}, title = {Bek{\"a}mpfung des Rechtsextremismus (PMK) aus Sicht einer brandenburgischen Staatsanwaltschaft}, series = {Die Grenzen der Toleranz : rechtsextremes Milieu und demokratische Gesellschaft in Brandenburg ; Bilanz und Perspektiven}, journal = {Die Grenzen der Toleranz : rechtsextremes Milieu und demokratische Gesellschaft in Brandenburg ; Bilanz und Perspektiven}, isbn = {978-3-86956-038-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52223}, pages = {151 -- 165}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Schulz2011, author = {Schulz, Michael Karl}, title = {Bericht {\"u}ber die 5. Konferenz „Juden und Judentum in der gegenw{\"a}rtigen Forschung"}, series = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, journal = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, number = {17}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53335}, pages = {227 -- 231}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Buehrer2011, author = {B{\"u}hrer, Torben}, title = {Bericht {\"u}ber die Arbeit des Menschenrechtsausschusses der Vereinten Nationen im Jahre 2010}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {16}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60808}, pages = {149 -- 175}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - I. Einleitung - II. Allgemeines aus dem Jahr 2010 - III. Staatenberichtsverfahren - IV. Individualbeschwerdeverfahren}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-5191, title = {Berlin zwischen Europ{\"a}ischer Metropolisierung und kreativer Stadtentwicklung}, editor = {B{\"u}rkner, Hans-Joachim}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-135-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49418}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {100}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Angesichts zunehmender globaler St{\"a}dtekonkurrenzen haben politische Wiedererfindungen des St{\"a}dtischen Konjunktur - mit immer k{\"u}rzeren Zyklen und wechselnden Dynamiken der Inszenierung der jeweiligen Programmatiken. Berlin als junge Metropole liefert f{\"u}r die Implementation exogener Konzepte vielf{\"a}ltige Ansatzpunkte, zeigt jedoch auch umgehend ihre Grenzen auf. Die Beitr{\"a}ge dieses Bandes setzen sich mit Imaginationen, Diskursbeitr{\"a}gen und Positionierungen auseinander, die den „großen" politischen Konzepten jeweils „von unten" entgegenwachsen und teilweise in Gegenbewegungen m{\"u}nden. Anschauungsmaterial liefern die Europ{\"a}ische Metropolregion Berlin-Brandenburg und das Projekt Mediaspree.}, language = {de} } @misc{Hellmann2011, author = {Hellmann, Gunther}, title = {Berlins Große Politik im Fall Libyen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54018}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Die deutschen Interessen werden in Berlin definiert, nicht in Washington oder Paris. Darin waren sich Angela Merkel und ihr Vorg{\"a}nger schon 2003 einig. Und sie werden im Kanzleramt festgelegt, nicht auf Oppositionsb{\"a}nken, in Thinktanks oder gar Talkshows. Da helfen auch mediale Emp{\"o}rungsinszenierungen nicht. Isolierungs{\"a}ngste belasten nur kleine Staaten. Die Zeiten kleiner Politik sind allerdings vorbei.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Flotyńska2011, author = {Flotyńska, Anna}, title = {Besteuerung von Unternehmensgewinnen im Licht des Konzepts der konsumorientierten Einkommensteuer}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-138-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52493}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {iii, 222}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Die Dissertation widmet sich dem Problem der fiskalischen Konsequenzen der konsumorientierten Steuern, die die unternehmerischen Gewinne unabh{\"a}ngig von der Rechtsform belasten. Im empirischen Teil der Arbeit wird der Untersuchungsgegenstand auf die zinsbereinigte Gewinnsteuer (allowance for corporate equity) eingegrenzt. Die Untersuchung beruht auf theoretischen {\"U}berlegungen sowie einer eigenen Simulationsanalyse. Den Schwerpunkt bilden dabei zwei Kategorien, zwischen denen ein kausaler Zusammenhang vorliegt: die Gestaltung der Bemessungsgrundlage einerseits und die Erf{\"u}llung der Fiskalfunktion andererseits. Das Hauptziel der Arbeit ist es, die fiskalischen Konsequenzen einer nach dem Konzept der Konsumorientierung modifizierten Bemessungsgrundlage der Gewinnsteuern zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen. Die Absch{\"a}tzung der fiskalischen Konsequenzen wird aufgrund der vier folgenden Bereiche vorgenommen: (1) theoretische Konzepte der konsumorientierten Einkommensteuer, (2) bisherige Umsetzungen der Konzepte der konsumorientierten Gewinnsteuer, (3) bisherige Untersuchungen der konsumorientierten Gewinnsteuer, (4) eine eigene Simulation der fiskalischen Konsequenzen der konsumorientierten Gewinnsteuer. Um das Hauptziel der Arbeit zu erreichen, werden acht in Form von Teilfragen ausformulierte Untersuchungsprobleme gel{\"o}st. Sie betreffen sowohl die theoretischen Ausf{\"u}hrungen, als auch die empirische Untersuchung. Dabei entsprechen sie den einzelnen Untersuchungsschritten, die in den aufeinander folgenden Kapiteln der Arbeit durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Anhand der Analyse der bisherigen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse und der praktischen Umsetzungen des Konzepts der konsumorientierten Steuern wurde die folgende Haupthypothese aufgestellt: Der Ausfall des Steueraufkommens, der ein direkter Effekt der Gestaltung der Bemessungsgrundlage nach dem Konzept der Konsumorientierung ist, schließt die Fiskalfunktion der Gewinnsteuern nicht aus. Das Verfahren, das eine Verifizierung der Haupthypothese zum Ziel hat, erfolgt durch eine Untersuchung von drei Teilhypothesen: der Hypothese {\"u}ber die Nullsteuer, der Hypothese {\"u}ber den differenzierten Aufkommensausfall und der Hypothese {\"u}ber die Konzentration der Steuerschuld. In der Dissertation werden empirische Daten aus drei Quellen benutzt. Sie umfassen einen Teil der in Polen in den Jahren 2004-2008 t{\"a}tigen Unternehmen und erm{\"o}glichen es, eine Simulationsanalyse des Aufkommensausfalls durchzuf{\"u}hren. Diese bedient sich der Methodik der Mikro- und Gruppensimulation, was in den bisherigen Untersuchungen zur Unternehmensbesteuerung ein eher selten anzutreffender Ansatz ist. Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Steuereinnahmen aus der Einkommensteuer und der K{\"o}rperschaftsteuer durch die Modifizierung der Bemessungsgrundlage deutlich reduziert werden. Die relativ große fiskalische Bedeutung der beiden Steuern bleibt jedoch erhalten und der Ausfall des Steueraufkommens, der direkt nach der Einf{\"u}hrung einer konsumorientierten Steuerreform eintreten w{\"u}rde, w{\"a}re der „Preis" f{\"u}r eine bessere, weniger verzerrende Bemessungsgrundlage. Die Dissertation liefert Ergebnisse, die f{\"u}r die Gestaltung der Steuerpolitik in Polen wie auch in anderen L{\"a}ndern relevant sind. Dies scheint insbesondere im Kontext des h{\"a}ufig diskutierten Umbaus des Systems der Einkommen- und Gewinnbesteuerung bedeutsam. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus bildet die Arbeit einen Ausgangspunkt f{\"u}r weitere, vertiefte Untersuchungen zu den m{\"o}glichen Gestaltungsformen der Einkommen- und Gewinnsteuern wie auch zu deren Folgen. Die Methode der Steuersimulation kann weiterentwickelt werden und in anderen Analysen der potenziellen Konsequenzen von Steuerreformen Anwendung finden.}, language = {de} } @misc{Hengel2011, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Hengel, Martin}, title = {Beteiligungsmanagement in Zeiten des kommunalen Gesamtabschlusses}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53392}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Diese Arbeit untersucht, welche Faktoren die unterschiedliche Ausgestaltung von Beteiligungsmanagement in Kommunen erkl{\"a}ren. Die Literatur verweist zwar auf die zunehmende Wichtigkeit des Managements von Beteiligungen, aber in der Praxis unterscheidet sich die Steuerung der Beteiligung stark. Auf Basis der Literatur zu Beteiligungsmanagement und zum Performance Management wird ein analytischer Rahmen aufgestellt, der es erlaubt, das Beteiligungsmanagement in Kommunen zu kategorisieren. Auch wird aus der Literatur abgeleitet, in wie weit strukturelle, institutionelle und akteursbezogene Faktoren die Ausgestaltung des Beteiligungsmanagement erkl{\"a}ren k{\"o}nnen. Im Rahmen dieser Studie werden vier kreisfreien St{\"a}dten verglichen und explorativ m{\"o}gliche Erkl{\"a}rungsfaktoren identifiziert. So sind insbesondere institutionelle Faktoren, wie die organisatorische Ausgestaltung des Beteiligungsmanagements oder die Erfahrungen und Kompetenzen der Verwaltung, und akteursbezogene Faktoren, wie die Einstellung und Interessen von Verwaltungsleitung, Politik und Beteiligungen, wahrscheinliche Erkl{\"a}rungsfaktoren.}, language = {de} } @article{Reilich2011, author = {Reilich, Julia}, title = {Bildungsrenditen in Deutschland}, series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur sektoralen und regionalen {\"O}konomie}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur sektoralen und regionalen {\"O}konomie}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58488}, pages = {93 -- 117}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Der Artikel liefert einen Beitrag zur Ermittlung von Bildungsrenditen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Humankapitalverzinsung f{\"u}r Deutschland insgesamt, im Ost-West-Vergleich sowie in einer regionalen Analyse m{\"o}glichst unverzerrt zu sch{\"a}tzen. Die Robustheit der Ergebnisse wird mit verschiedenen Methoden verifiziert. Als Resultat ergibt sich eine durchschnittliche Rendite f{\"u}r ein zus{\"a}tzliches Jahr Schulbildung von ca. 8 \%. Im direkten Ost-West-Vergleich kann f{\"u}r die neuen Bundesl{\"a}nder eine deutlich h{\"o}here Rendite ermittelt werden. Eine weitere Separierung auf Bundesl{\"a}nder zeigt auch innerhalb der Ost- und Westregionen Heterogenit{\"a}ten.}, language = {de} } @article{Anisch2011, author = {Anisch, Michael}, title = {Bloß keine Tiziane!}, series = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, volume = {XII}, journal = {Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies}, number = {22}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52846}, pages = {5 -- 9}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{VojvodaEngstler2011, author = {Vojvoda-Engstler, Gabriela}, title = {Bosnien als ‚Barzakh'}, series = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, journal = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58802}, pages = {239 -- 253}, year = {2011}, abstract = {- Situierung der These - Die narrative Strategie - Schlussbemerkung - Literaturverzeichnis - Zur Autorin}, language = {de} } @misc{EccardFeyCaspersetal.2011, author = {Eccard, Jana and Fey, Karen and Caspers, Barbara A. and Yl{\"o}nen, Hannu}, title = {Breeding state and season affect interspecific interaction types}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {729}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42939}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-429398}, pages = {623 -- 633}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Indirect resource competition and interference are widely occurring mechanisms of interspecific interactions. We have studied the seasonal expression of these two interaction types within a two-species, boreal small mammal system. Seasons differ by resource availability, individual breeding state and intraspecific social system. Live-trapping methods were used to monitor space use and reproduction in 14 experimental populations of bank voles Myodes glareolus in large outdoor enclosures with and without a dominant competitor, the field vole Microtus agrestis. We further compared vole behaviour using staged dyadic encounters in neutral arenas in both seasons. Survival of the non-breeding overwintering bank voles was not affected by competition. In the spring, the numbers of male bank voles, but not of females, were reduced significantly in the competition populations. Bank vole home ranges expanded with vole density in the presence of competitors, indicating food limitation. A comparison of behaviour between seasons based on an analysis of similarity revealed an avoidance of costly aggression against opponents, independent of species. Interactions were more aggressive during the summer than during the winter, and heterospecific encounters were more aggressive than conspecific encounters. Based on these results, we suggest that interaction types and their respective mechanisms are not either-or categories and may change over the seasons. During the winter, energy constraints and thermoregulatory needs decrease direct aggression, but food constraints increase indirect resource competition. Direct interference appears in the summer, probably triggered by each individual's reproductive and hormonal state and the defence of offspring against conspecific and heterospecific intruders. Both interaction forms overlap in the spring, possibly contributing to spring declines in the numbers of subordinate species.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Smirnov2011, author = {Smirnov, Sergey}, title = {Business process model abstraction}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60258}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Business process models are used within a range of organizational initiatives, where every stakeholder has a unique perspective on a process and demands the respective model. As a consequence, multiple process models capturing the very same business process coexist. Keeping such models in sync is a challenge within an ever changing business environment: once a process is changed, all its models have to be updated. Due to a large number of models and their complex relations, model maintenance becomes error-prone and expensive. Against this background, business process model abstraction emerged as an operation reducing the number of stored process models and facilitating model management. Business process model abstraction is an operation preserving essential process properties and leaving out insignificant details in order to retain information relevant for a particular purpose. Process model abstraction has been addressed by several researchers. The focus of their studies has been on particular use cases and model transformations supporting these use cases. This thesis systematically approaches the problem of business process model abstraction shaping the outcome into a framework. We investigate the current industry demand in abstraction summarizing it in a catalog of business process model abstraction use cases. The thesis focuses on one prominent use case where the user demands a model with coarse-grained activities and overall process ordering constraints. We develop model transformations that support this use case starting with the transformations based on process model structure analysis. Further, abstraction methods considering the semantics of process model elements are investigated. First, we suggest how semantically related activities can be discovered in process models-a barely researched challenge. The thesis validates the designed abstraction methods against sets of industrial process models and discusses the method implementation aspects. Second, we develop a novel model transformation, which combined with the related activity discovery allows flexible non-hierarchical abstraction. In this way this thesis advocates novel model transformations that facilitate business process model management and provides the foundations for innovative tool support.}, language = {en} } @article{FastenrathScharlau2011, author = {Fastenrath, Ulrich and Scharlau, Maria}, title = {BVerfG : Fraport}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {16}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60826}, pages = {197 -- 212}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - I. Sachverhalt - II. Das zivilgerichtliche Verfahren - III. Entscheidungsgr{\"u}nde des BVerfG - IV. Sondervotum - V. Anmerkung}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schiefele2011, author = {Schiefele, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Casimir-Polder interaction in second quantization}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54171}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The Casimir-Polder interaction between a single neutral atom and a nearby surface, arising from the (quantum and thermal) fluctuations of the electromagnetic field, is a cornerstone of cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED), and theoretically well established. Recently, Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of ultracold atoms have been used to test the predictions of cQED. The purpose of the present thesis is to upgrade single-atom cQED with the many-body theory needed to describe trapped atomic BECs. Tools and methods are developed in a second-quantized picture that treats atom and photon fields on the same footing. We formulate a diagrammatic expansion using correlation functions for both the electromagnetic field and the atomic system. The formalism is applied to investigate, for BECs trapped near surfaces, dispersion interactions of the van der Waals-Casimir-Polder type, and the Bosonic stimulation in spontaneous decay of excited atomic states. We also discuss a phononic Casimir effect, which arises from the quantum fluctuations in an interacting BEC.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{Murr2011, author = {Murr, R{\"u}diger}, title = {Characterization of L{\´e}vy Processes by a duality formula and related results}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-43538}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Processes with independent increments are characterized via a duality formula, including Malliavin derivative and difference operators. This result is based on a characterization of infinitely divisible random vectors by a functional equation. A construction of the difference operator by a variational method is introduced and compared to approaches used by other authors for L´evy processes involving the chaos decomposition. Finally we extend our method to characterize infinitely divisible random measures.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{AndradeLinares2011, author = {Andrade Linares, Diana Roc{\´i}o}, title = {Characterization of tomato root-endophytic fungi and analysis of their effects on plant development, on fruit yield and quality and on interaction with the pathogen Verticillium dahliae}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51375}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes are able to colonize internally roots without causing visible disease symptoms establishing neutral or mutualistic associations with plants. These fungi known as non-clavicipitaceous endophytes have a broad host range of monocot and eudicot plants and are highly diverse. Some of them promote plant growth and confer increased abiotic-stress tolerance and disease resistance. According to such possible effects on host plants, it was aimed to isolate and to characterize native fungal root endophytes from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and to analyze their effects on plant development, plant resistance and fruit yield and quality together with the model endophyte Piriformospora indica. Fifty one new fungal strains were isolated from desinfected tomato roots of four different crop sites in Colombia. These isolates were roughly characterized and fourteen potential endophytes were further analyzed concerning their taxonomy, their root colonization capacity and their impact on plant growth. Sequencing of the ITS region from the ribosomal RNA gene cluster and in-depth morphological characterisation revealed that they correspond to different phylogenetic groups among the phylum Ascomycota. Nine different morphotypes were described including six dark septate endophytes (DSE) that did not correspond to the Phialocephala group. Detailed confocal microscopy analysis showed various colonization patterns of the endophytes inside the roots ranging from epidermal penetration to hyphal growth through the cortex. Tomato pot experiments under glass house conditions showed that they differentially affect plant growth depending on colonization time and inoculum concentration. Three new isolates (two unknown fungal endophyte DSE48, DSE49 and one identified as Leptodontidium orchidicola) with neutral or positiv effects were selected and tested in several experiments for their influence on vegetative growth, fruit yield and quality and their ability to diminish the impact of the pathogen Verticillium dahliae on tomato plants. Although plant growth promotion by all three fungi was observed in young plants, vegetative growth parameters were not affected after 22 weeks of cultivation except a reproducible increase of root diameter by the endophyte DSE49. Additionally, L. orchidicola increased biomass and glucose content of tomato fruits, but only at an early date of harvest and at a certain level of root colonization. Concerning bioprotective effects, the endophytes DSE49 and L. orchidicola decreased significantly disease symptoms caused by the pathogen V. dahliae, but only at a low dosis of the pathogen. In order to analyze, if the model root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica could be suitable for application in production systems, its impact on tomato was evaluated. Similarly to the new fungal isolates, significant differences for vegetative growth parameters were only observable in young plants and, but protection against V. dahliae could be seen in one experiment also at high dosage of the pathogen. As the DSE L. orchidicola, P. indica increased the number and biomass of marketable tomatoes only at the beginning of fruit setting, but this did not lead to a significant higher total yield. If the effects on growth are due to a better nutrition of the plant with mineral element was analyzed in barley in comparison to the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. While the mycorrhizal fungus increased nitrogen and phosphate uptake of the plant, no such effect was observed for P. indica. In summary this work shows that many different fungal endophytes can be also isolated from roots of crops and, that these isolates can have positive effects on early plant development. This does, however, not lead to an increase in total yield or in improvement of fruit quality of tomatoes under greenhouse conditions.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Boeche2011, author = {Boeche, Corrado}, title = {Chemical gradients in the Milky Way from unsupervised chemical abundances measurements of the RAVE spectroscopic data set}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52478}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The present thesis was born and evolved within the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) with the goal of measuring chemical abundances from the RAVE spectra and exploit them to investigate the chemical gradients along the plane of the Galaxy to provide constraints on possible Galactic formation scenarios. RAVE is a large spectroscopic survey which aims to observe spectroscopically ~10^6 stars by the end of 2012 and measures their radial velocities, atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances. The project makes use of the UK Schmidt telescope at Australian Astronomical Observatory (AAO) in Siding Spring, Australia, equipped with the multiobject spectrograph 6dF. To date, RAVE collected and measured more than 450,000 spectra. The precision of the chemical abundance estimations depends on the reliability of the atomic and atmosphere parameters adopted (in particular the oscillator strengths of the absorption lines and the effective temperature, gravity, and metallicity of the stars measured). Therefore we first identified 604 absorption lines in the RAVE wavelength range and refined their oscillator strengths with an inverse spectral analysis. Then, we improved the RAVE stellar parameters by modifying the RAVE pipeline and the spectral library the pipeline rely on. The modifications removed some systematic errors in stellar parameters discovered during this work. To obtain chemical abundances, we developed two different processing pipelines. Both of them perform chemical abundances measurements by assuming stellar atmospheres in Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE). The first one determines elements abundances from equivalent widths of absorption lines. Since this pipeline showed poor sensibility on abundances relative to iron, it has been superseded. The second one exploits the chi^2 minimization technique between observed and model spectra. Thanks to its precision, it has been adopted for the creation of the RAVE chemical catalogue. This pipeline provides abundances with uncertains of about ~0.2dex for spectra with signal-to-noise ratio S/N>40 and ~0.3dex for spectra with 20>S/N>40. For this work, the pipeline measured chemical abundances up to 7 elements for 217,358 RAVE stars. With these data we investigated the chemical gradients along the Galactic radius of the Milky Way. We found that stars with low vertical velocities |W| (which stay close to the Galactic plane) show an iron abundance gradient in agreement with previous works (~-0.07\$ dex kpc^-1) whereas stars with larger |W| which are able to reach larger heights above the Galactic plane, show progressively flatter gradients. The gradients of the other elements follow the same trend. This suggests that an efficient radial mixing acts in the Galaxy or that the thick disk formed from homogeneous interstellar matter. In particular, we found hundreds of stars which can be kinetically classified as thick disk stars exhibiting a chemical composition typical of the thin disk. A few stars of this kind have already been detected by other authors, and their origin is still not clear. One possibility is that they are thin disk stars kinematically heated, and then underwent an efficient radial mixing process which blurred (and so flattened) the gradient. Alternatively they may be a transition population" which represents an evolutionary bridge between thin and thick disk. Our analysis shows that the two explanations are not mutually exclusive. Future follow-up high resolution spectroscopic observations will clarify their role in the Galactic disk evolution.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Bierbaum2011, author = {Bierbaum, Veronika}, title = {Chemomechanical coupling and motor cycles of the molecular motor myosin V}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53614}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {In the living cell, the organization of the complex internal structure relies to a large extent on molecular motors. Molecular motors are proteins that are able to convert chemical energy from the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into mechanical work. Being about 10 to 100 nanometers in size, the molecules act on a length scale, for which thermal collisions have a considerable impact onto their motion. In this way, they constitute paradigmatic examples of thermodynamic machines out of equilibrium. This study develops a theoretical description for the energy conversion by the molecular motor myosin V, using many different aspects of theoretical physics. Myosin V has been studied extensively in both bulk and single molecule experiments. Its stepping velocity has been characterized as a function of external control parameters such as nucleotide concentration and applied forces. In addition, numerous kinetic rates involved in the enzymatic reaction of the molecule have been determined. For forces that exceed the stall force of the motor, myosin V exhibits a 'ratcheting' behaviour: For loads in the direction of forward stepping, the velocity depends on the concentration of ATP, while for backward loads there is no such influence. Based on the chemical states of the motor, we construct a general network theory that incorporates experimental observations about the stepping behaviour of myosin V. The motor's motion is captured through the network description supplemented by a Markov process to describe the motor dynamics. This approach has the advantage of directly addressing the chemical kinetics of the molecule, and treating the mechanical and chemical processes on equal grounds. We utilize constraints arising from nonequilibrium thermodynamics to determine motor parameters and demonstrate that the motor behaviour is governed by several chemomechanical motor cycles. In addition, we investigate the functional dependence of stepping rates on force by deducing the motor's response to external loads via an appropriate Fokker-Planck equation. For substall forces, the dominant pathway of the motor network is profoundly different from the one for superstall forces, which leads to a stepping behaviour that is in agreement with the experimental observations. The extension of our analysis to Markov processes with absorbing boundaries allows for the calculation of the motor's dwell time distributions. These reveal aspects of the coordination of the motor's heads and contain direct information about the backsteps of the motor. Our theory provides a unified description for the myosin V motor as studied in single motor experiments.}, language = {en} } @article{Theilig2011, author = {Theilig, Stephan}, title = {Christiane Caemmerer, J{\"o}rg Jungmayr und Eef Overgaauw (Hrsg. ), Flugbl{\"a}tter von der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit bis zur Gegenwart als kulturhistorische Quellen und bibliothekarische Sondermaterialien, Frankfurt/M. 2010}, series = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, volume = {15}, journal = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1861-910X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58311}, pages = {211 -- 215}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Rezensiertes Werk: Christiane Caemmerer, J{\"o}rg Jungmayr und Eef Overgaauw (Hrsg. ), Flugbl{\"a}tter von der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit bis zur Gegenwart als kulturhistorische Quellen und bibliothekarische Sondermaterialien, Frankfurt/M. 2010}, language = {de} } @article{Ludwig2011, author = {Ludwig, Ulrike}, title = {Christoph Kampmann, Katharina Kraus, Eva-Bettina Krems, Anuschka Tischer (Hrsg.), Bourbon - Habsburg - Oranien. Konkurrierende Modelle im dynastischen Europa um 1700, K{\"o}ln u. a. 2008}, series = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, volume = {15}, journal = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1861-910X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58297}, pages = {201 -- 206}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Rezensiertes Werk: Christoph Kampmann, Katharina Kraus, Eva-Bettina Krems, Anuschka Tischer (Hrsg.), Bourbon - Habsburg - Oranien. Konkurrierende Modelle im dynastischen Europa um 1700, K{\"o}ln u. a. 2008}, language = {de} } @book{Huber2011, author = {Huber, Stefan}, title = {Citizens participation in Latvia : still a long road to go?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49715}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {On the 20.01.1991 the Latvian people defended the Latvian political elite from the Soviet OMON troops in order to achieve independence. After this impressive sign of civil society the people fell asleep, the level of mobility and the satisfaction with the functioning of democracy therefore is rather weak. The referendum (2008), to gain the right to dissolve the Parliament by the people, initiated by the Trade Unions can be assessed as a sign that there is something on the move. This paper is trying to give an impression of the situation of the civil society in terms of participation in the decision- making process. Hereby the focus lays on NGOs: What is the legal base and which problems do they face. To learn more about the situation interviews were organized with representatives of NGOs from different sectors like community development; Social inclusion; advocating gender issues as well as environment and sustainable development. As a result of the research it can be said that the civil society made some steps forward but it is still struggling with a high level of corruption, lack of interested from the elite and the ordinary people and the insecure financial state.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Pourteau2011, author = {Pourteau, Amaury}, title = {Closure of the Neotethys Ocean in Anatolia : structural, petrologic and geochronologic insights from low-grade high-pressure metasediments, Afyon Zone}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57803}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The complete consumption of the oceanic domain of a tectonic plate by subduction into the upper mantle results in continent subduction, although continental crust is typically of lower density than the upper mantle. Thus, the sites of former oceanic domains (named suture zones) are generally decorated with stratigraphic sequences deposited along continental passive margins that were metamorphosed under low-grade, high-pressure conditions, i.e., low temperature/depth ratios (< 15°C/km) with respect to geothermal gradients in tectonically stable regions. Throughout the Mesozoic and Cenozoic (i.e., since ca. 250 Ma), the Mediterranean realm was shaped by the closure of the Tethyan Ocean, which likely consisted in numerous oceanic domains and microcontinents. However, the exact number and position of Tethyan oceans and continents (i.e., the Tethyan palaeogeography) remains debated. This is particularly the case of Western and Central Anatolia, where a continental fragment was accreted to the southern composite margin of the Eurasia sometime between the Late Cretaceous and the early Cenozoic. The most frontal part of this microcontinent experienced subduction-related metamorphism around 85-80 Ma, and collision-related metamorphism affected more external parts around 35 Ma. This unsually-long period between subduction- and collision-related metamorphisms (ca. 50 Ma) in units ascribed to the same continental edge constitutes a crucial issue to address in order to unravel how Anatolia was assembled. The Afyon Zone is a tectono-sedimentary unit exposed south and structurally below the front high-pressure belt. It is composed of a Mesozoic sedimentary sequence deposited on top of a Precambrian to Palaeozoic continental substratum, which can be traced from Northwestern to southern Central Anatolia, along a possible Tethyan suture. Whereas the Afyon Zone was defined as a low-pressure metamorphic unit, high-pressure minerals (mainly Fe-Mg-carpholite in metasediments) were recently reported from its central part. These findings shattered previous conceptions on the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Afyon Zone in particular, and of the entire region in general, and shed light on the necessity to revise the regional extent of subduction-related metamorphism by re-inspecting the petrology of poorly-studied metasediments. In this purpose, I re-evaluated the metamorphic evolution of the entire Afyon Zone starting from field observations. Low-grade, high-pressure mineral assemblages (Fe-Mg-carpholite and glaucophane) are reported throughout the unit. Well-preserved carpholite-chloritoid assemblages are useful to improve our understanding of mineral relations and transitions in the FeO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system during rocks' travel down to depth (prograde metamorphism). Inspection of petrographic textures, minute variations in mineral composition and Mg-Fe distribution among carpholite-chloritoid assemblages documents multistage mineral growth, accompanied by a progressive enrichment in Mg, and strong element partitioning. Using an updated database of mineral thermodynamic properties, I modelled the pressure and temperature conditions that are consistent with textural and chemical observations. Carpholite-bearing assemblages in the Afyon Zone account for a temperature increase from 280 to 380°C between 0.9 and 1.1 GPa (equivalent to a depth of 30-35 km). In order to further constrain regional geodynamics, first radiometric ages were determined in close association with pressure-temperature estimates for the Afyon Zone, as well as two other tectono-sedimentary units from the same continental passive margin (the {\"O}ren and Kurudere-Nebiler Units from SW Anatolia). For age determination, I employed 40Ar-39Ar geochronology on white mica in carpholite-bearing rocks. For thermobarometry, a multi-equilibrium approach was used based on quartz-chlorite-mica and quartz-chlorite-chloritoid associations formed at the expense of carpholite-bearing assemblages, i.e., during the exhumation from the subduction zone. This combination allows deciphering the significance of the calculated radiometric ages in terms of metamorphic conditions. Results show that the Afyon Zone and the {\"O}ren Unit represent a latest Cretaceous high-pressure metamorphic belt, and the Kurudere-Nebiler Unit was affected by subduction-related metamorphism around 45 Ma and cooled down after collision-related metamorphism around 26 Ma. The results provided in the present thesis and from the literature allow better understanding continental amalgamation in Western Anatolia. It is shown that at least two distinct oceanic branches, whereas only one was previously considered, have closed during continuous north-dipping subduction between 92 and 45 Ma. Between 85-80 and 70-65 Ma, a narrow continental domain (including the Afyon Zone) was buried into a subduction zone within the northern oceanic strand. Parts of the subducted continent crust were exhumed while the upper oceanic plate was transported southwards. Subduction of underlying lithosphere persisted, leading to the closure of the southern oceanic branch and to subduct the front of a second continental domain (including the Kurudere-Nebiler Unit). This followed by a continental collisional stage characterized by the cease of subduction, crustal thicknening and the detachment of the subducting oceanic slab from the accreted continent lithosphere. The present study supports that in the late Mesozoic the East Mediterranean realm had a complex tectonic configuration similar to present Southeast Asia or the Caribbean, with multiple, coexisting oceanic basins, microcontinents and subduction zones.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Andree2011, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Andree, Kai}, title = {Collusion in spatially separated markets with quantity competition}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55927}, year = {2011}, abstract = {This paper develops the incentives to collude in a model with spatially separated markets and quantity setting firms. We find that increases in transportation costs stabilize the collusive agreement. We also show that, the higher the demand in both markets the less likely will collusion be sustained. Gross and Holahan (2003) use a similar model with price setting firms, we compare their results with ours to analyze the impact of the mode of competition on sustainability of collusion. Further we analyze the impact of collusion on social welfare and find that collusion may be welfare enhancing.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Reusser2011, author = {Reusser, Dominik Edwin}, title = {Combining smart model diagnostics and effective data collection for snow catchments}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52574}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Complete protection against flood risks by structural measures is impossible. Therefore flood prediction is important for flood risk management. Good explanatory power of flood models requires a meaningful representation of bio-physical processes. Therefore great interest exists to improve the process representation. Progress in hydrological process understanding is achieved through a learning cycle including critical assessment of an existing model for a given catchment as a first step. The assessment will highlight deficiencies of the model, from which useful additional data requirements are derived, giving a guideline for new measurements. These new measurements may in turn lead to improved process concepts. The improved process concepts are finally summarized in an updated hydrological model. In this thesis I demonstrate such a learning cycle, focusing on the advancement of model evaluation methods and more cost effective measurements. For a successful model evaluation, I propose that three questions should be answered: 1) when is a model reproducing observations in a satisfactory way? 2) If model results deviate, of what nature is the difference? And 3) what are most likely the relevant model components affecting these differences? To answer the first two questions, I developed a new method to assess the temporal dynamics of model performance (or TIGER - TIme series of Grouped Errors). This method is powerful in highlighting recurrent patterns of insufficient model behaviour for long simulation periods. I answered the third question with the analysis of the temporal dynamics of parameter sensitivity (TEDPAS). For calculating TEDPAS, an efficient method for sensitivity analysis is necessary. I used such an efficient method called Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test, which has a smart sampling scheme. Combining the two methods TIGER and TEDPAS provided a powerful tool for model assessment. With WaSiM-ETH applied to the Weisseritz catchment as a case study, I found insufficient process descriptions for the snow dynamics and for the recession during dry periods in late summer and fall. Focusing on snow dynamics, reasons for poor model performance can either be a poor representation of snow processes in the model, or poor data on snow cover, or both. To obtain an improved data set on snow cover, time series of snow height and temperatures were collected with a cost efficient method based on temperature measurements on multiple levels at each location. An algorithm was developed to simultaneously estimate snow height and cold content from these measurements. Both, snow height and cold content are relevant quantities for spring flood forecasting. Spatial variability was observed at the local and the catchment scale with an adjusted sampling design. At the local scale, samples were collected on two perpendicular transects of 60 m length and analysed with geostatistical methods. The range determined from fitted theoretical variograms was within the range of the sampling design for 80\% of the plots. No patterns were found, that would explain the random variability and spatial correlation at the local scale. At the watershed scale, locations of the extensive field campaign were selected according to a stratified sample design to capture the combined effects of elevation, aspect and land use. The snow height is mainly affected by the plot elevation. The expected influence of aspect and land use was not observed. To better understand the deficiencies of the snow module in WaSiM-ETH, the same approach, a simple degree day model was checked for its capability to reproduce the data. The degree day model was capable to explain the temporal variability for plots with a continuous snow pack over the entire snow season, if parameters were estimated for single plots. However, processes described in the simple model are not sufficient to represent multiple accumulation-melt-cycles, as observed for the lower catchment. Thus, the combined spatio-temporal variability at the watershed scale is not captured by the model. Further tests on improved concepts for the representation of snow dynamics at the Weißeritz are required. From the data I suggest to include at least rain on snow and redistribution by wind as additional processes to better describe spatio-temporal variability. Alternatively an energy balance snow model could be tested. Overall, the proposed learning cycle is a useful framework for targeted model improvement. The advanced model diagnostics is valuable to identify model deficiencies and to guide field measurements. The additional data collected throughout this work helps to get a deepened understanding of the processes in the Weisseritz catchment.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Hoffmann2011, author = {Hoffmann, Anne}, title = {Comparative aerosol studies based on multi-wavelength Raman LIDAR at Ny-{\AA}lesund, Spitsbergen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52426}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The Arctic is a particularly sensitive area with respect to climate change due to the high surface albedo of snow and ice and the extreme radiative conditions. Clouds and aerosols as parts of the Arctic atmosphere play an important role in the radiation budget, which is, as yet, poorly quantified and understood. The LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) measurements presented in this PhD thesis contribute with continuous altitude resolved aerosol profiles to the understanding of occurrence and characteristics of aerosol layers above Ny-{\AA}lesund, Spitsbergen. The attention was turned to the analysis of periods with high aerosol load. As the Arctic spring troposphere exhibits maximum aerosol optical depths (AODs) each year, March and April of both the years 2007 and 2009 were analyzed. Furthermore, stratospheric aerosol layers of volcanic origin were analyzed for several months, subsequently to the eruptions of the Kasatochi and Sarychev volcanoes in summer 2008 and 2009, respectively. The Koldewey Aerosol Raman LIDAR (KARL) is an instrument for the active remote sensing of atmospheric parameters using pulsed laser radiation. It is operated at the AWIPEV research base and was fundamentally upgraded within the framework of this PhD project. It is now equipped with a new telescope mirror and new detection optics, which facilitate atmospheric profiling from 450m above sea level up to the mid-stratosphere. KARL provides highly resolved profiles of the scattering characteristics of aerosol and cloud particles (backscattering, extinction and depolarization) as well as water vapor profiles within the lower troposphere. Combination of KARL data with data from other instruments on site, namely radiosondes, sun photometer, Micro Pulse LIDAR, and tethersonde system, resulted in a comprehensive data set of scattering phenomena in the Arctic atmosphere. The two spring periods March and April 2007 and 2009 were at first analyzed based on meteorological parameters, like local temperature and relative humidity profiles as well as large scale pressure patterns and air mass origin regions. Here, it was not possible to find a clear correlation between enhanced AOD and air mass origin. However, in a comparison of two cloud free periods in March 2007 and April 2009, large AOD values in 2009 coincided with air mass transport through the central Arctic. This suggests the occurrence of aerosol transformation processes during the aerosol transport to Ny-{\AA}lesund. Measurements on 4 April 2009 revealed maximum AOD values of up to 0.12 and aerosol size distributions changing with altitude. This and other performed case studies suggest the differentiation between three aerosol event types and their origin: Vertically limited aerosol layers in dry air, highly variable hygroscopic boundary layer aerosols and enhanced aerosol load across wide portions of the troposphere. For the spring period 2007, the available KARL data were statistically analyzed using a characterization scheme, which is based on optical characteristics of the scattering particles. The scheme was validated using several case studies. Volcanic eruptions in the northern hemisphere in August 2008 and June 2009 arose the opportunity to analyze volcanic aerosol layers within the stratosphere. The rate of stratospheric AOD change was similar within both years with maximum values above 0.1 about three to five weeks after the respective eruption. In both years, the stratospheric AOD persisted at higher rates than usual until the measurements were stopped in late September due to technical reasons. In 2008, up to three aerosol layers were detected, the layer structure in 2009 was characterized by up to six distinct and thin layers which smeared out to one broad layer after about two months. The lowermost aerosol layer was continuously detected at the tropopause altitude. Three case studies were performed, all revealed rather large indices of refraction of m = (1.53-1.55) - 0.02i, suggesting the presence of an absorbing carbonaceous component. The particle radius, derived with inversion calculations, was also similar in both years with values ranging from 0.16 to 0.19 μm. However, in 2009, a second mode in the size distribution was detected at about 0.5 μm. The long term measurements with the Koldewey Aerosol Raman LIDAR in Ny-{\AA}lesund provide the opportunity to study Arctic aerosols in the troposphere and the stratosphere not only in case studies but on longer time scales. In this PhD thesis, both, tropospheric aerosols in the Arctic spring and stratospheric aerosols following volcanic eruptions have been described qualitatively and quantitatively. Case studies and comparative studies with data of other instruments on site allowed for the analysis of microphysical aerosol characteristics and their temporal evolution.}, language = {en} } @misc{GebserKaminskiSchaub2011, author = {Gebser, Martin and Kaminski, Roland and Schaub, Torsten H.}, title = {Complex optimization in answer set programming}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {554}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-41243}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412436}, pages = {19}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Preference handling and optimization are indispensable means for addressing nontrivial applications in Answer Set Programming (ASP). However, their implementation becomes difficult whenever they bring about a significant increase in computational complexity. As a consequence, existing ASP systems do not offer complex optimization capacities, supporting, for instance, inclusion-based minimization or Pareto efficiency. Rather, such complex criteria are typically addressed by resorting to dedicated modeling techniques, like saturation. Unlike the ease of common ASP modeling, however, these techniques are rather involved and hardly usable by ASP laymen. We address this problem by developing a general implementation technique by means of meta-prpogramming, thus reusing existing ASP systems to capture various forms of qualitative preferences among answer sets. In this way, complex preferences and optimization capacities become readily available for ASP applications.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Bordihn2011, author = {Bordihn, Henning}, title = {Contributions to the syntactical analysis beyond context-freeness}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59719}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Parsability approaches of several grammar formalisms generating also non-context-free languages are explored. Chomsky grammars, Lindenmayer systems, grammars with controlled derivations, and grammar systems are treated. Formal properties of these mechanisms are investigated, when they are used as language acceptors. Furthermore, cooperating distributed grammar systems are restricted so that efficient deterministic parsing without backtracking becomes possible. For this class of grammar systems, the parsing algorithm is presented and the feature of leftmost derivations is investigated in detail.}, language = {en} } @article{Lewy2011, author = {Lewy, Mordechay}, title = {Corporeality in Jewish Thought and Art}, series = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, journal = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, number = {17}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53319}, pages = {209 -- 223}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The essay compares the dichotomous concepts of corporeality and spirituality in Judaism and Christianity. Through the ages, deviations from normative principles of beliefs could be discerned in both religions. These can be attributed either to the somewhat confrontational interaction between Jews and Christians in the Medieval urban environment or to the impact of Hellenic civilization on both monotheistic religions. Out of this dynamic impact emerged Christian art with a predilection to expressed corporeality, whereas Jewish religiosity found its artistic expression in a spiritual noniconographical mode. A genuine Jewish art and iconography could develop only after a certain degree of assimilation and secularization. Marc Chagall was the first protagonist of a mature expression of Jewish iconography.}, language = {en} } @book{HauptMarrHirschfeld2011, author = {Haupt, Michael and Marr, Stefan and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {CSOM/PL : a virtual machine product line}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-134-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52332}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {26}, year = {2011}, abstract = {CSOM/PL is a software product line (SPL) derived from applying multi-dimensional separation of concerns (MDSOC) techniques to the domain of high-level language virtual machine (VM) implementations. For CSOM/PL, we modularised CSOM, a Smalltalk VM implemented in C, using VMADL (virtual machine architecture description language). Several features of the original CSOM were encapsulated in VMADL modules and composed in various combinations. In an evaluation of our approach, we show that applying MDSOC and SPL principles to a domain as complex as that of VMs is not only feasible but beneficial, as it improves understandability, maintainability, and configurability of VM implementations without harming performance.}, language = {en} } @article{Tarasenko2011, author = {Tarasenko, Olga A.}, title = {Das Bankensystem der Russischen F{\"o}deration}, series = {Die Woche des russischen Rechts , Potsdam , 10.-15.05.2010 (mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Akademie)}, journal = {Die Woche des russischen Rechts , Potsdam , 10.-15.05.2010 (mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Akademie)}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58645}, pages = {153 -- 172}, year = {2011}, abstract = {1. Der Begriff und die Struktur des Bankensystems 2. Die Prinzipien und Besonderheiten des Bankensystems 3. Die Klassifizierung von Kreditorganisationen 4. Die Dynamik der T{\"a}tigkeit der Kreditinstitute}, language = {de} } @article{Kummerow2011, author = {Kummerow, Udo}, title = {Das Berufspraktikum im universit{\"a}ren Studium an der Landwirtschaftlich-G{\"a}rtnerischen Fakult{\"a}t der HU Berlin}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {1}, issn = {2192-1075}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52732}, pages = {281 -- 288}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{ZimmermannBaeumler2011, author = {Zimmermann, Andreas and B{\"a}umler, Jelena}, title = {Das erste Urteil des Afrikanischen Gerichtshofs f{\"u}r Menschen- und V{\"o}lkerrechte}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {16}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54406}, pages = {27 -- 37}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{KaspersLudewig2011, author = {Kaspers, Birte and Ludewig, Manuela}, title = {Das G.I.F.-Drittmittelprojekt {\"u}ber die Arbeit des Menschenrechtsausschusses der Vereinten Nationen}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {16}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {1}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54446}, pages = {83 -- 88}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Kashgar2011, author = {Kashgar, Maral}, title = {Das Individualbeschwerdeverfahren gem{\"a}ß Art. 22 des {\"U}bereinkommens gegen Folter und andere grausame, unmenschliche oder erniedrigende Behandlung oder Strafe}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {16}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60814}, pages = {176 -- 196}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - I. Einleitung - II. Stand der Ratifikationen und Erkl{\"a}rungen im Sinne von Art. 22 sowie Statistik zu den Individualbeschwerden - III. Aufbau des {\"U}bereinkommens - IV. Individualbeschwerden - V. Fazit}, language = {de} } @article{Ladwig2011, author = {Ladwig, Bernd}, title = {Das menschenrechtliche Diskriminierungsverbot und seine Grenzen}, series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, volume = {16}, journal = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen}, number = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60770}, pages = {108 -- 114}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - Das menschenrechtliche Diskriminierungsverbot und seine Grenzen - I. Einleitung - II. Die symbolische Dimension der Menschenrechte - 1. Ausschluss prim{\"a}rer Diskriminierung - 2. Menschen und Merkmale - III. Begriffliche Erweiterungen - 1. Institutionelle Diskriminierung - 2. Indirekte Diskriminierung - 3. Strukturelle Diskriminierung - IV. Fazit}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2011, author = {Schneider, Stefan}, title = {Das mongolische Paradigma in Russlands Geschichte}, series = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, journal = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59009}, pages = {479 -- 505}, year = {2011}, abstract = {- Vorbemerkung - Die Last des mongolischen Erbes - Das Erbe als Know-how - Das mongolische Paradigma - Das mongolische Paradigma in der Publizistik - Das mongolische Paradigma in der Forschung - Fazit}, language = {de} } @article{DuesterhoeftFrank2011, author = {D{\"u}sterh{\"o}ft, Stefanie and Frank, Ulrike}, title = {Das PNF-Konzept}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {4}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54306}, pages = {171 -- 183}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Lehmann2011, author = {Lehmann, Uta}, title = {Das Praktikum im BA-Studiengang Erziehungswissenschaft an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {1}, issn = {2192-1075}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52726}, pages = {275 -- 280}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{GemsaWendland2011, author = {Gemsa, Charlotte and Wendland, Mirko}, title = {Das Praxissemester an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {1}, issn = {2192-1075}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52693}, pages = {213 -- 237}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Mohamed2011, author = {Mohamed, Rasha}, title = {Das Programm "Gesunde D{\"o}rfer" in Syrien : eine empirische Analyse}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55545}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Der Begriff Gesundheit wurde von der WHO definiert als „nicht nur die Abwesenheit von Krankheit, sondern, positiv als Naturrecht formuliert, vollst{\"a}ndiges k{\"o}rperliches, seelisches und soziales Wohlbefinden". Deswegen hat die WHO mit dem Gesundheitsministerium in Syrien das Programm „Gesunde D{\"o}rfer" seit 1996 gestaltet. Es zielt darauf, den wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und gesundheitlichen Zustand der Landbev{\"o}lkerung zu verbessern, insbesondere soll es den großen Unterschied zwischen Stadt und Land vermindern. Das Projekt stellt sich die Aufgabe, den Einfluss des Programms auf Wirtschafts- und Gesundheitsparameter im Vergleich mit anderen Kontrolled{\"o}rfern zu analysieren. Hierzu werden Umfragedaten in Syrien ausgewertet. Die Auswertung der Befragung in der vorliegenden Arbeit zeigte, dass das Programm seine Ziele bez{\"u}glich der Verbesserung der Gesundheits- und Lebensqualit{\"a}t erreicht Erfolgreich war das Programm „Gesunde D{\"o}rfer" auch, mit Ausnahme der n{\"o}rdlichen und {\"o}stlichen Region, in der Verringerung der Anzahl arbeitender Kinder, in der F{\"o}rderung der Frauen eine Besch{\"a}ftigung aufzunehmen bzw. ein Studium zu absolvieren sowie in der Reduzierung der Analphabetenrate.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Krehl2011, author = {Krehl, Susanne}, title = {Das Selenoprotein Glutathionperoxidase-2 : physiologische Funktion und Einfluss auf die entz{\"u}ndungsassoziierte Colonkarzinogenese}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-50220}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Bei der Entdeckung der Glutathionperoxidase-2 (GPx2) wurde zun{\"a}chst davon ausgegangen, dass die Funktion dieses Enzyms im Kryptengrund des Colons einzig in der Reduktion von H2O2 besteht. Im Laufe der weiteren Erforschung zeigte sich, dass GPx2 auch in verschiedenen Tumorgeweben vermehrt exprimiert wird. Dabei wird diskutiert, ob die Wirkung von GPx2 im Tumor eher als pro- oder als antikarzinogen einzustufen ist. Mehrere Experimente in vitro und in vivo zeigten antiinflammatorische Eigenschaften der GPx2. Aufgrund dieser Befunde wird derzeit {\"u}ber weitere Funktionen der GPx2 spekuliert. In dieser Arbeit wurde die physiologische Funktion von GPx2 n{\"a}her erforscht, dazu wurden Wildtyp- und GPx2-Knockout-M{\"a}use in Hinblick auf Ver{\"a}nderungen der Enzymexpression und der Colonmorphologie untersucht. Es wurden drei verschiedene Selendi{\"a}ten verf{\"u}ttert: selenarmes, selenad{\"a}quates und selensupplementiertes Futter. Unter physiologischen Bedingungen ist am Kryptengrund des Colons, innerhalb der proliferierenden Zone, die Mitoserate am h{\"o}chsten. Der Großteil der apoptotischen Zellen ist hingegen an der Kryptenspitze vorzufinden. Durch den Knockout von GPx2 kam es zu einer signifikanten Erh{\"o}hung der Apoptoserate am Kryptengrund. Dabei war der gr{\"o}ßte Effekt auf selenarmem Futter zu verzeichnen. Hierbei wurde sogar eine Ver{\"a}nderung der Colonmorphologie dokumentiert, da die Verschiebung der Proliferationszone in Richtung Kryptenspitze eine Verl{\"a}ngerung der Krypten nach sich zog. Im Wildtyp wurden keine Apoptosen im Kryptengrund detektiert. GPx1 wird unter physiologischen Bedingungen im Gegensatz zur GPx2 in der Kryptenspitze exprimiert und ist im Selenmangel nicht mehr detektierbar. Der Knockout von GPx2 erh{\"o}hte die GPx1-Expression im Kryptengrund auf allen drei Selendi{\"a}ten. Diese {\"U}berexpression von GPx1 am Kryptengrund soll vermutlich den Verlust von GPx2 an dieser Stelle kompensieren. Da jedoch dort die massive Apoptoserate detektiert wurde, kann die GPx1 nicht die komplette Funktion von GPx2 kompensieren. Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Funktion von GPx2 nicht nur in der Reduktion von H2O2 liegt. Vielmehr kann eine Rolle bei der Aufrechterhaltung der Hom{\"o}ostase von Zellen postuliert werden. Ein weiterer Bestandteil dieser Arbeit war die Kl{\"a}rung der Frage, welchen Einfluss GPx2 auf die entz{\"u}ndungsassoziierte Colonkarzinogenese aus{\"u}bt. In dem hierf{\"u}r verwendeten AOM/DSS-Model wird der karzinogene Prozess durch Entz{\"u}ndung vorangetrieben. Es erfolgte sowohl im Wildtyp als auch im GPx2-Knockout zum einen die Bewertung des Entz{\"u}ndungsstatus des Colons und zum anderen wurde die Anzahl von ACF und Tumoren verglichen. Das Colon im GPx2-Knockout war wesentlich st{\"a}rker entz{\"u}ndet als im Wildtyp. Diese Ergebnisse best{\"a}tigen die f{\"u}r die GPx2 postulierte antiinflammatorische Funktion. Normalerweise f{\"u}hrt eine Erh{\"o}hung der Mitoseanzahl zur Regeneration des entz{\"u}ndeten Gewebes. Jedoch beeinflusst der Verlust von GPx2 vermutlich den Ablauf der Entz{\"u}ndung, indem beispielsweise die Regeneration des Gewebes durch die enorm hohe Apoptoserate am Kryptengrund verlangsamt wird. Des Weiteren hatten sich im GPx2-Knockout tendenziell mehr Tumore entwickelt. Somit korrelierte die Entz{\"u}ndung des Colons mit der Entwicklung von Tumoren. Der Verlust von GPx2 beg{\"u}nstigte vermutlich sowohl die Tumorinitiation als auch die Tumorprogression. Allerdings stimulierte die Expression von GPx2 ebenfalls das Tumorwachstum. Es kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass eine ad{\"a}quate GPx2-Expression vor Entz{\"u}ndung sch{\"u}tzt und somit das Risiko f{\"u}r Colonkrebs senkt. Ob GPx2 aber insgesamt pro- oder antikarzinogen wirkt, h{\"a}ngt vermutlich vom Stadium des Colonkarzinogenese ab.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Gause2011, author = {Gause, Clemens}, title = {Das System der Strategie : ein Vergleich zwischen Strategien biologischer Systeme und milit{\"a}rischen Strategien ; eine Modellentwicklung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-50068}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Das vorliegende Buch vergleicht Strategien biologischer Systeme mit milit{\"a}rischen Strategien. Die zentrale Fragestellung ist dabei darauf gerichtet, ob es neben systemischen Gemeinsamkeiten auch gemeinsame oder {\"a}hnliche Strukturmuster und {\"a}hnliche Prozessabl{\"a}ufe beispielsweise sowohl im biologischen Abwehrmechanismus des Immunsystems und bei Insektenstaaten als auch bei Prozessen im Milit{\"a}r gibt. Vor diesem Hintergrund klaffen in der Theorie der Strategie, speziell in den Milit{\"a}rwissenschaften L{\"u}cken, denn der Systemansatz wird nicht konsequent beachtet, wie in diesem Buch mehrfach nachgewiesen ist. Von einem allgemeinen Verst{\"a}ndnis der Strategie als bewusstem planerischem Vorgehen ist Abstand zu nehmen. Ausgehend von der Methode der Analogie und des Vergleichs wird im theoretischen Teil dieses Buches die Allgemeine Systemtheorie erl{\"a}utert. Dabei werden der Begriff der Strategie ebenso wie die Begriffe Struktur und Prozess und Ans{\"a}tze aus der Kriegsphilosophie von Clausewitz untersucht. Den Ausgangspunkt und schließlich auch wieder den Endpunkt der {\"U}berlegungen bilden neben dem notwendigen weiten Verst{\"a}ndnis von Strategie, vor allem der Begriff der Organisation, ihrer Umwelt und der in diesem Zusammenhang bestehenden Wechselwirkung. Sowohl die Wechselwirkung von Umwelt und System als auch ihre Abh{\"a}ngigkeit durch strukturelle Kopplung werden beschrieben. Das Zusammenspiel und die daraus entstehende Komplexit{\"a}t der f{\"u}nf Komponenten der Wahrnehmung, der Information und der F{\"u}hrung im Zusammenhang der Komponenten von Raum und Zeit in einem sozialen System lassen die klassische Ziel-Mittel-Zweck-Beziehung Clausewitz´scher Strategiedefinition verk{\"u}rzt erscheinen. Anhand eines kurzen Rekurses der Methoden der Sozialen Netzwerkanalyse (SNA) wird der breite und tiefgehende Analyserahmen der Messung und Transparenzerreichung in Organisationen vorgestellt. Die SNA wird als Auspr{\"a}gung der Netzwerk- und Graphentheorie, in die Allgemeine Systemtheorie integriert. Sie bildet eine zukunftsweisende Methode der Untersuchung von Netzwerken wie etwa dem Internet (Facebook, Xing etc.). Der aufgezeigte Theorierahmen bildet dabei zugleich eine Methode f{\"u}r den Systemvergleich und kann als Vorgehensmodell k{\"u}nftiger Strategieentwicklung genutzt werden. Der anschließende Systemvergleich wird mit mehreren Beispielen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Ausgehend von der Zelle als Grundeinheit werden Strukturen und Prozesse des Immunsystems mit solchen in milit{\"a}rischen Strukturen, weil sie im Lauf der Evolution enorme Leistungen in Reaktion, Anpassung und Optimierung vollbracht haben. Der Vergleich geht der Frage nach, ob in diesen Bereichen der Strategie und Organisation systemische Grundregeln existieren. Das Beispiel der Wechselwirkung zwischen Parasit und Wirt zeigt, dass jeder Fortschritt und Sieg angesichts der Systemeinbettung von Strategie nur relativ wirken kann. Die Analogie zwischen Viren und Bakterien sowie die Entwicklung des Begriffs der sozialen Mimikry f{\"u}hren zu einem erweiterten Verst{\"a}ndnis der Strategie von Terroristen in sozialen Systemen. Verdeutlicht wird das Grundschema des T{\"a}uschens und Eindringens in Systeme sowie die Beeinflussung und Umsteuerung von Prozessen und Strukturen in einem System durch Kommunikation und Implementation von Codes. Am Beispiel des Immunsystems und der Bildung verschiedener Kommunikations- und Steuerungsmechanismen von Zellsystemen sowie Beispielen von Schwarmbildung und der Organisation sozialer Insekten werden eine Vielzahl heuristischer Hinweise f{\"u}r neue Ans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r die Organisation von Streitkr{\"a}ften und ihrer Steuerung gefunden. Neben der Erarbeitung eines grundlegenden Strategiebegriffs anhand von Wahrnehmung und Selektion als Grundprozess der Erzeugung von Strategie wird eine differenzierte Betrachtung von Begriffen wie Redundanz und Robustheit sowie eine relativierende Sichtweise von Risiko, Gefahr und Schaden gewonnen. Der Vergleich mit dem Immunsystems zeigt einfache Beispiele der Informationsspeicherung und -{\"u}bertragung, die zudem Bypassf{\"a}higkeiten sowie dezentrale Eskalations- und Deeskalationsprinzipien veranschaulichen. Dies er{\"o}ffnet in Analogie dieser Prinzipien einen weiten Raum Sicherheitsarchitekturen zu {\"u}berdenken und neu zu strukturieren. Zudem kann die r{\"a}umliche Ausbreitung von Information und Kr{\"a}ften als ein gemeinsames Grundproblem der Entwicklung und Wirksamkeit von Strategien sowohl in der Natur, als auch im Milit{\"a}r identifiziert werden. Die Betrachtung zeigt zudem wie Zellen mit fehlgeleiteten Prozessen und Strukturen umgehen. Die Analogie deutet auf das Erfordernis einer Ver{\"a}nderung im Umgang mit Fehlern und ihrer R{\"u}ckf{\"u}hr- und Umkehrbarkeit im weitesten Sinne. Das Buch er{\"o}ffnet {\"u}berdies ein neues Verst{\"a}ndnis von Staat, Gewaltenteilung und Institutionen in einem sozialen System. Die Ergebnisse sind auch auf andere Forschungsbereiche, Organisationen und unterschiedlichste soziale Systeme {\"u}bertragbar. Es er{\"o}ffnet sich ein breites Anwendungsspektrum f{\"u}r k{\"u}nftige strategische Untersuchungen.}, language = {de} } @article{Moiseev2011, author = {Moiseev, Evgeny G.}, title = {Das V{\"o}lkerrecht in der Gegenwart}, series = {Die Woche des russischen Rechts , Potsdam , 10.-15.05.2010 (mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Akademie)}, journal = {Die Woche des russischen Rechts , Potsdam , 10.-15.05.2010 (mit der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen O. E. Kutafin Akademie)}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58571}, pages = {59 -- 63}, year = {2011}, abstract = {1. Internationale Menschenrechtsnormen 2. Das Recht der internationalen Sicherheit}, language = {de} } @book{MeyerSmirnovWeske2011, author = {Meyer, Andreas and Smirnov, Sergey and Weske, Mathias}, title = {Data in business processes}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-144-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53046}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {40}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Process and data are equally important for business process management. Process data is especially relevant in the context of automated business processes, process controlling, and representation of organizations' core assets. One can discover many process modeling languages, each having a specific set of data modeling capabilities and the level of data awareness. The level of data awareness and data modeling capabilities vary significantly from one language to another. This paper evaluates several process modeling languages with respect to the role of data. To find a common ground for comparison, we develop a framework, which systematically organizes process- and data-related aspects of the modeling languages elaborating on the data aspects. Once the framework is in place, we compare twelve process modeling languages against it. We generalize the results of the comparison and identify clusters of similar languages with respect to data awareness.}, language = {de} } @misc{Juette2011, author = {J{\"u}tte, Robert}, title = {Deborah Hertz, Wie Juden Deutsche wurden : Die Welt der j{\"u}dischen Konvertiten vom 17. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert ; Aus dem Englischen von Thomas Bertram / [rezensiert von] Robert J{\"u}tte}, series = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, journal = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, number = {17}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53481}, pages = {260 -- 262}, year = {2011}, abstract = {rezensiertes Werk: Hertz, Deborah: Wie Juden Deutsche wurden : Die Welt der j{\"u}dischen Konvertiten vom 17. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert ; Aus dem Englischen von Thomas Bertram. - Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Campus, 2010. - 350 S. ISBN 978-3-593-39170-0}, language = {de} } @article{Aarseth2011, author = {Aarseth, Espen}, title = {Define real, Moron!}, series = {DIGAREC Series}, journal = {DIGAREC Series}, number = {6}, issn = {1867-6219}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49810}, pages = {50 -- 69}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Academic language should not be a ghetto dialect at odds with ordinary language, but rather an extension that is compatible with lay-language. To define 'game' with the unrealistic ambition of satisfying both lay-people and experts should not be a major concern for a game ontology, since the field it addresses is subject to cultural evolution and diachronic change. Instead of the impossible mission of turning the common word into an analytic concept, a useful task for an ontology of games is to model game differences, to show how the things we call games can be different from each other in a number of different ways.}, language = {en} } @article{SticherCzepluchMaetzeneretal.2011, author = {Sticher, Heike and Czepluch, Christine and M{\"a}tzener, Flurina and Wilmes, Stefanie and Hadert, Sandra and Frank, Ulrike and M{\"a}der, Mark}, title = {Dekan{\"u}lierungsmanagement bei Patienten mit respiratorischen Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen und Dysphagie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {4}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54277}, pages = {141 -- 142}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @misc{Vogel2011, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Vogel, Dominik}, title = {Dem Gemeinwohl verpflichtet? - Was motiviert die Besch{\"a}ftigten des {\"o}ffentlichen Dienstes?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51554}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Die Arbeit befasst sich theoretisch und empirisch mit der so genannten Public Service Motivation (PSM) und ihrem Zusammenhang zu anderen psychologischen Motivationstheorien. Die Public Service Motivation geht davon aus, dass {\"o}ffentlich Besch{\"a}ftigte unter anderem dadurch motiviert sind, dass sie in ihrer Arbeit einen Dienst am Gemeinwohl sehen. Auf Basis einer empirischen Erhebung konnte dieses Konstrukt auch f{\"u}r Besch{\"a}ftigte in Deutschland nachgewiesen und der Einfluss soziodemographischer Variablen best{\"a}tigt werden. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus gibt die Arbeit erste Hinweise auf Zusammenh{\"a}nge zu verschiedenen Prozesstheorien der Motivation. Empirisch zeigt sich vor allem zur Gleichheitstheorie und dem darauf aufbauenden Equity Sensitivity Construct ein starker Zusammenhang.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schulze2011, author = {Schulze, Andreas}, title = {Demographics of supermassive black holes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54464}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Supermassive black holes are a fundamental component of the universe in general and of galaxies in particular. Almost every massive galaxy harbours a supermassive black hole (SMBH) in its center. Furthermore, there is a close connection between the growth of the SMBH and the evolution of its host galaxy, manifested in the relationship between the mass of the black hole and various properties of the galaxy's spheroid component, like its stellar velocity dispersion, luminosity or mass. Understanding this relationship and the growth of SMBHs is essential for our picture of galaxy formation and evolution. In this thesis, I make several contributions to improve our knowledge on the census of SMBHs and on the coevolution of black holes and galaxies. The first route I follow on this road is to obtain a complete census of the black hole population and its properties. Here, I focus particularly on active black holes, observable as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) or quasars. These are found in large surveys of the sky. In this thesis, I use one of these surveys, the Hamburg/ESO survey (HES), to study the AGN population in the local volume (z~0). The demographics of AGN are traditionally represented by the AGN luminosity function, the distribution function of AGN at a given luminosity. I determined the local (z<0.3) optical luminosity function of so-called type 1 AGN, based on the broad band B_J magnitudes and AGN broad Halpha emission line luminosities, free of contamination from the host galaxy. I combined this result with fainter data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and constructed the best current optical AGN luminosity function at z~0. The comparison of the luminosity function with higher redshifts supports the current notion of 'AGN downsizing', i.e. the space density of the most luminous AGN peaks at higher redshifts and the space density of less luminous AGN peaks at lower redshifts. However, the AGN luminosity function does not reveal the full picture of active black hole demographics. This requires knowledge of the physical quantities, foremost the black hole mass and the accretion rate of the black hole, and the respective distribution functions, the active black hole mass function and the Eddington ratio distribution function. I developed a method for an unbiased estimate of these two distribution functions, employing a maximum likelihood technique and fully account for the selection function. I used this method to determine the active black hole mass function and the Eddington ratio distribution function for the local universe from the HES. I found a wide intrinsic distribution of black hole accretion rates and black hole masses. The comparison of the local active black hole mass function with the local total black hole mass function reveals evidence for 'AGN downsizing', in the sense that in the local universe the most massive black holes are in a less active stage then lower mass black holes. The second route I follow is a study of redshift evolution in the black hole-galaxy relations. While theoretical models can in general explain the existence of these relations, their redshift evolution puts strong constraints on these models. Observational studies on the black hole-galaxy relations naturally suffer from selection effects. These can potentially bias the conclusions inferred from the observations, if they are not taken into account. I investigated the issue of selection effects on type 1 AGN samples in detail and discuss various sources of bias, e.g. an AGN luminosity bias, an active fraction bias and an AGN evolution bias. If the selection function of the observational sample and the underlying distribution functions are known, it is possible to correct for this bias. I present a fitting method to obtain an unbiased estimate of the intrinsic black hole-galaxy relations from samples that are affected by selection effects. Third, I try to improve our census of dormant black holes and the determination of their masses. One of the most important techniques to determine the black hole mass in quiescent galaxies is via stellar dynamical modeling. This method employs photometric and kinematic observations of the galaxy and infers the gravitational potential from the stellar orbits. This method can reveal the presence of the black hole and give its mass, if the sphere of the black hole's gravitational influence is spatially resolved. However, usually the presence of a dark matter halo is ignored in the dynamical modeling, potentially causing a bias on the determined black hole mass. I ran dynamical models for a sample of 12 galaxies, including a dark matter halo. For galaxies for which the black hole's sphere of influence is not well resolved, I found that the black hole mass is systematically underestimated when the dark matter halo is ignored, while there is almost no effect for galaxies with well resolved sphere of influence.}, language = {en} } @article{OPUS4-6099, title = {Den Krieg beenden, den Konflikt politisch regeln}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {16}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63285}, pages = {58 -- 62}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Rutz2011, author = {Rutz, Marion}, title = {Der "B{\"u}rgerkrieg um Worte" geht weiter}, series = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, journal = {Texturen - Identit{\"a}ten - Theorien : Ergebnisse des Arbeitstreffens des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Trier 2010}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58993}, pages = {461 -- 476}, year = {2011}, abstract = {- Lehrb{\"u}cher ‚ohne Postmoderne' - Lehrb{\"u}cher ‚mit Postmoderne' und v. a. ‚mit Realismus' - M{\"a}ngel der Spezialliteratur zur PM - Mediatoren und integrative Perspektive - Addendum}, language = {de} } @article{Weidemann2011, author = {Weidemann, Diethelm}, title = {Der Afghanistan-Komplex}, series = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, journal = {WeltTrends-Papiere}, number = {16}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1864-0656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63225}, pages = {11 -- 21}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: Historische Herausbildung des Konfliktes ; Das Scheitern der Reformen Amanullah Khans ; Der Modus Vivendi Zahir Shahs ; Der Afghanistankrieg von 1979 bis 1989 ; Der B{\"u}rgerkrieg 1989 bis 2001 ; Einzug der Taliban ; Aktuelle Lage in Afghanistan ; Intervention der USA und Folgen ; Ungewisse Perspektiven}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Felber2011, author = {Felber, Juliane}, title = {Der Berufseinstieg von {\"A}rztInnen als normatives kritisches Lebensereignis : eine L{\"a}ngsschnittuntersuchung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58028}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Im Rahmen einer prospektiven L{\"a}ngsschnittuntersuchung wurde der Berufseinstieg von {\"A}rztInnen (N = 185) als normatives kritisches Lebensereignis untersucht. Dazu wurden sie insgesamt drei Mal im Abstand von jeweils sechs Monaten im ersten Jahr nach ihrem Studiumsabschluss befragt (T1: in den ersten zwei Wochen nach dem Staatsexamen, T2: kurzzeitig nach dem Berufseinstieg, T3: im Schnitt 9.5 Monate nach dem Berufseinstieg). Die Ergebnisse zeigten zun{\"a}chst, dass unl{\"a}ngst examinierte Jung-{\"A}rztInnen, die sich vergleichsweise schlechter auf den Beruf durch das Studium vorbereitet f{\"u}hlten, ihren bevorstehenden Berufseinstieg negativer bewerteten und schon vor diesem beanspruchter waren. Die Bewertung des Berufseinstiegs vermittelte dabei den Zusammenhang zwischen einer schlechten Vorbereitung und der Beanspruchung. Arbeitsspezifische Copingfunktionalit{\"a}t wiederum pufferte den Zusammenhang zwischen einer schlechten Vorbereitung und der Bewertung des Berufseinstiegs. Das Problem einer als schlecht empfundenen Vorbereitung verdeutlichte sich in der L{\"a}ngsschnittanalyse - sie sagte eine h{\"o}here Beanspruchung zum zweiten Messzeitpunkt, d.h. nach dem Berufseinstieg, vorher. In der Untersuchung der Beanspruchungsentwicklung {\"u}ber die drei Messzeitpunkte hinweg fanden sich nur wenige Ver{\"a}nderungen. Es ließ sich zwar eine deutliche Zunahme der mittleren Depressivit{\"a}ts-Auspr{\"a}gungen {\"u}ber den Berufseinstieg hinweg herausstellen (T1-T2); auf anderen Beanspruchungsindikatoren zeigte sich jedoch kein direkter Effekt des Arbeitsbeginns bzw. fand sich auch keine Adaptation der Jung-{\"A}rztInnen an ihre neue Situation im Sinne einer sich verringernden Beanspruchung im weiteren Verlauf (T2-T3). In der Erkl{\"a}rung interindividueller Unterschiede in der Beanspruchung im Untersuchungszeitraum zeigte sich, dass die sich mit dem Berufseinstieg einstellende Arbeitsbelastung zum zweiten und dritten Messzeitpunkt erwartungsgem{\"a}ß positiv mit Beanspruchung assoziiert war. Die Arbeitsbelastungs-Beanspruchungs-Beziehung bestand jedoch nur im Querschnitt; in der L{\"a}ngsschnittanalyse fand sich kein Effekt der T2-Arbeitsbelastung auf die T3-Beanspruchung. Ausgangsunterschiede in psychischen Ressourcen wirkten einerseits direkt auf die Beanspruchung zu T2, zum Teil moderierten sie aber auch den Zusammenhang zwischen der Arbeitsbelastung und Beanspruchung: Eine h{\"o}here Resilienz und die Wahrnehmung sozialer Unterst{\"u}tzung sagten eine geringere Beanspruchung nach dem Berufseinstieg vorher. Jung-{\"A}rztInnen, die sich durch eine st{\"a}rkere Arbeitsbelastung auszeichneten, aber {\"u}ber ein funktionaleres Bew{\"a}ltigungsverhalten im Arbeitskontext verf{\"u}gten, waren kurzzeitig nach dem Berufseinstieg weniger beansprucht als stark arbeitsbelastete Jung-{\"A}rztInnen mit weniger funktionalem Coping. Verringerungen in den psychischen Ressourcen {\"u}ber den Berufseinstieg hinweg wirkten sich direkt, d.h. per se ung{\"u}nstig auf die Beanspruchung zum dritten Messzeitpunkt aus. Zudem interagierten sie mit der zu diesem Zeitpunkt bestehenden Arbeitsbelastung in Vorhersage der Beanspruchung. St{\"a}rker arbeitsbelastete Jung-{\"A}rztInnen, deren Copingfunktionalit{\"a}t und Wahrnehmung sozialer Unterst{\"u}tzung vom ersten zum dritten Messzeitpunkt abgenommen hatte, waren am Ende des Untersuchungszeitraums am st{\"a}rksten beansprucht. Hinsichtlich der Auswirkungen des Berufseinstiegs auf die Pers{\"o}nlichkeit der Jung-{\"A}rztInnen fanden sich ung{\"u}nstige Ver{\"a}nderungen: Sowohl die Auspr{\"a}gungen psychischer Ressourcen (Widerstandsf{\"a}higkeit, Wahrnehmung sozialer Unterst{\"u}tzung hinsichtlich der Arbeitst{\"a}tigkeit) als auch die der Big Five-Faktoren nahmen im Mittel ab. Interindividuelle Unterschiede in den Ver{\"a}nderungen ließen sich auf die Beanspruchung kurzzeitig nach dem Berufseinstieg (T2) bzw. auf deren Entwicklung in den Folgemonaten (T2-T3) zur{\"u}ckf{\"u}hren: Jene Jung-{\"A}rztInnen, die vergleichsweise stark beansprucht auf den Berufseinstieg reagiert hatten bzw. deren Beanspruchung im weiteren Verlauf zunahm, zeigten entsprechend ung{\"u}nstige Ver{\"a}nderungen. Die Ergebnisse zusammengefasst verdeutlicht sich folgende Problematik: Jung-{\"A}rztInnen, die weniger gut, d.h. pers{\"o}nlichkeitsbasiert gesch{\"u}tzt den Berufseinstieg absolvieren, reagieren st{\"a}rker beansprucht und sind dann auch diejenigen, deren Pers{\"o}nlichkeit sich in den ersten Arbeitsmonaten ung{\"u}nstig ver{\"a}ndert. Jung-{\"A}rztInnen mit geringen psychischen Ressourcen sind folglich nicht nur besonders vulnerabel f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Beanspruchung angesichts belastender Arbeitsbedingungen, sondern ihre vergleichsweise hohe Beanspruchung bedingt eine weitere Verringerung des Schutz- und Pufferpotenzials ihrer Pers{\"o}nlichkeit. Es kommt zu einer ung{\"u}nstigen Akzentuierung der ohnehin schon vergleichsweise ressourcenschwachen Pers{\"o}nlichkeit, welche die Vulnerabilit{\"a}t f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Beanspruchung erh{\"o}ht. Aus den Ergebnissen l{\"a}sst sich ein Unterst{\"u}tzungsbedarf junger {\"A}rztInnen in der sensiblen und wegweisenden Berufseinstiegsphase ableiten. Neben einer Verbesserung ihrer Arbeitsbedingungen stellen eine rechtzeitige Sensibilisierung junger {\"A}rztInnen f{\"u}r den Arbeitsbelastungs-Beanspruchungs-Zusammenhang, ihre regelm{\"a}ßige Supervision sowie vor allem aber auch kompetenzorientiertes und ressourcenst{\"a}rkendes Feedback von den Mentoren und Vorgesetzten die Grundlage daf{\"u}r dar, dass die Jung-MedizinerInnen selbst gesund bleiben und sie die {\"a}rztliche T{\"a}tigkeit trotz ihres wohl stets hohen Belastungspotenzials als erf{\"u}llend und zufriedenstellend erleben.}, language = {de} } @article{Asche2011, author = {Asche, Matthias}, title = {Der Dreißigj{\"a}hrige Krieg und die Universit{\"a}ten im Heiligen R{\"o}mischen Reich}, series = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, volume = {15}, journal = {Milit{\"a}r und Gesellschaft in der fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, number = {1}, issn = {1617-9722}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-58233}, pages = {147 -- 182}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{PosseFrank2011, author = {Posse, Dorothea and Frank, Ulrike}, title = {Der Einfluss des Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) auf die Hypernasalit{\"a}t bei Dysarthrie}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {4}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54313}, pages = {185 -- 187}, year = {2011}, language = {de} } @article{Hamm2011, author = {Hamm, Brigitte I.}, title = {Der Global Compact und der Schutz der Menschenrechte}, series = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, journal = {Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000-2008}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-61035}, pages = {153 -- 166}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Inhalt: - I. Einleitung - II. Was ist der Global Compact? - III. Wie funktioniert der Global Compact? - IV. Der Global Compact will kein Verhaltenskodex sein. - V. Der Global Compact als Bestandteil von „global governance" - VI. Der Global Compact und der Schutz der Menschenrechte - VII. Ausschau - Literatur - Teilnehmer des Global Compact}, language = {de} }