@article{MunzOswaldSchmidt2011, author = {Munz, Matthias and Oswald, Sascha Eric and Schmidt, C.}, title = {Sand box experiments to evaluate the influence of subsurface temperature probe design on temperature based water flux calculation}, series = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, volume = {15}, journal = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, number = {11}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1027-5606}, doi = {10.5194/hess-15-3495-2011}, pages = {3495 -- 3510}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Quantification of subsurface water fluxes based on the one dimensional solution to the heat transport equation depends on the accuracy of measured subsurface temperatures. The influence of temperature probe setup on the accuracy of vertical water flux calculation was systematically evaluated in this experimental study. Four temperature probe setups were installed into a sand box experiment to measure temporal highly resolved vertical temperature profiles under controlled water fluxes in the range of +/- 1.3 md(-1). Pass band filtering provided amplitude differences and phase shifts of the diurnal temperature signal varying with depth depending on water flux. Amplitude ratios of setups directly installed into the saturated sediment significantly varied with sand box hydraulic gradients. Amplitude ratios provided an accurate basis for the analytical calculation of water flow velocities, which matched measured flow velocities. Calculated flow velocities were sensitive to thermal properties of saturated sediment and to temperature sensor spacing, but insensitive to thermal dispersivity equal to solute dispersivity. Amplitude ratios of temperature probe setups indirectly installed into piezometer pipes were influenced by thermal exchange processes within the pipes and significantly varied with water flux direction only. Temperature time lags of small sensor distances of all setups were found to be insensitive to vertical water flux.}, language = {en} } @article{JanietzFestagSchmidtetal.1994, author = {Janietz, Dietmar and Festag, R. and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Self-organization of new oligomers containing disc-shaped side groups}, year = {1994}, language = {en} } @article{JanietzFestagSchmidtetal.1995, author = {Janietz, Dietmar and Festag, R. and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Supramolecular assemblies of new amphotropic oligomers with disc-shaped side groups}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{FestagSchmidtWendorffetal.1995, author = {Festag, R. and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz and Janietz, Dietmar}, title = {Structure and dynamics of new triazine based polymers with discotic side groups}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{JanietzFestagSchmidtetal.1995, author = {Janietz, Dietmar and Festag, R. and Schmidt, C. and Tsukruk, V. V. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Interfacial behaviour and thermal properties of triazine modified triphenylene oligomers}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{JanietzFestagSchmidtetal.1996, author = {Janietz, Dietmar and Festag, R. and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Amphotropic oligomeric 1,3,5-triazines containing disc-shaped pentaalkyne and triphenylene side groups}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{GoldmannJanietzSchmidtetal.1996, author = {Goldmann, Daniela and Janietz, Dietmar and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Disc-shaped mesogens based on 1,3,5-triazines : variation and induction of columnar mesophases through complementary intermolecular interactions}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{GoldmannDietelJanietzetal.1998, author = {Goldmann, Daniela and Dietel, Reinhard and Janietz, Dietmar and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Sheet-shaped mesogens based on 1,3,5-Triazines : variation of columnar mesophases through intermolecular hydrogen bonding}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{GoldmannJanietzSchmidtetal.1998, author = {Goldmann, Daniela and Janietz, Dietmar and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Liquid crystalline 1,3,5-triazines incorporating rod-like azobenzene sub-units}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{GoldmannMahlstedtJanietzetal.1998, author = {Goldmann, Daniela and Mahlstedt, S. and Janietz, Dietmar and Busch, P. and Schmidt, C. and Stracke, A. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Mesomorphic donor-acceptor twin molecules with covalently linked sheet-like pentaalkyne and nitrofluorenone subunits}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{GoldmannNordsieckJanietzetal.2004, author = {Goldmann, Daniela and Nordsieck, A. and Janietz, Dietmar and Frese, T. and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Smectic and columnar liquid crystalline phases through charge-transfer interactions}, issn = {1058-725X}, year = {2004}, abstract = {New heterocyclic electron donors based on. a 1,3,5-triazine nucleus are presented. Three phenyl rings are grafted to the triazine core either via secondary amino groups or by a direct C,C-linkage and a specific number of decyloxy chains is attached to the molecular periphery. The compounds are non-liquid crystalline in their pure states. Lamellar or columnar mesophases are induced by attractive interactions with electron acceptors}, language = {en} } @article{GoldmannJanietzSchmidtetal.2004, author = {Goldmann, Daniela and Janietz, Dietmar and Schmidt, C. and Wendorff, Joachim Heinz}, title = {Columnar liquid crystalline phases through hydrogen bonding and nanoscale segregation}, issn = {0959-9428}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Two columnar phases forming 2,4,6-triarylamino-1,3,5-triazines have been investigated in binary mixtures with calamitic and non-liquid crystalline benzoic acids carrying one or two alkoxy chains at the aromatic core. The triazines form hydrogen bonded aggregates with the complementary acids. Each investigated equimolar mixture exhibits a columnar mesophase due to segregation of the H-bonded polar core region from the lipophilic aliphatic molecular segments. The cross sectional shape of cylindrical aggregates and, therefore, the two-dimensional lattice symmetries, hexagonal or rectangular, are defined by the number of alkoxy chains of the benzoic acid component}, language = {en} } @article{WilkePartzschSchmidtetal.2004, author = {Wilke, Max and Partzsch, G. M. and Schmidt, C. and Farges, Francois}, title = {In-situ study of the iron species in silicate melts}, issn = {0016-7037}, year = {2004}, language = {en} } @article{FargesDjanarthanydeWispelaereetal.2005, author = {Farges, Francois and Djanarthany, S and de Wispelaere, S and Munoz, Manuel and Magassouba, B and Haddi, A and Wilke, Max and Schmidt, C. and Borchert, Manuela and Trocellier, P and Crichton, W and Simionovici, Alexandre and Petit, Pierre-Emanuel and Mezouar, Mohamed and Etcheverry, M. P. and Pallot-Frossard, I and Bargar, John Reeder and Brown, G. E. and Grolimund, D and Scheidegger, A}, title = {Water in silicate glasses and melts of environmental interest : from volcanoes to cathedrals}, year = {2005}, abstract = {In silicate glasses and melts, water acts according to two main processes. First, it can be dissolved in high temperature/high pressure melts. Second, it constitutes a weathering agent on the glass surface. A number of in-situ x- ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) studies for Fe, Ni, Zr, Th and U show that the more charged cations (Zr, Nb, Mo, Ta, Sn, Th and U) are little affected by the presence of dissolved water in the melt. In contrast, divalent iron and nickel are highly sensitive to the presence of water, which enhance nucleation processes, for example, of phyllosilicates at the angstrom-scale. Such information provides additional constraints on the role of water deep in the Earth, particularly in magmatology. By contrast, the weathering of glass surfaces by water can be studied from a durability perspective. Experimental weathering experiments Of nuclear waste glasses performed in the laboratory show a variety of surface enrichments (carbon, chlorine, alkalis, iron) after exposure to atmospheric fluids and moisture. Mn-, and Fe-surface enrichments of analogous glasses of the XIVth century are related to the formation of Mn and Fe oxy/ hydroxides on the surface. The impact on the glass darkening is considered in terms of urban pollution and mass tourism}, language = {en} } @article{WilkeFargesPartzschetal.2007, author = {Wilke, Max and Farges, Francois and Partzsch, G. M. and Schmidt, C. and Behrens, Harald}, title = {Speciation of Fe in silicate glasses and melts by in-situ XANES spectroscopy}, year = {2007}, language = {en} }