@article{SendAbboudLeitenbergeretal.2012, author = {Send, Sebastian and Abboud, Ali and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Weiss, Manfred S. and Hartmann, Robert and Str{\"u}der, Lothar and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Analysis of polycrystallinity in hen egg-white lysozyme using a pnCCD}, series = {Journal of applied crystallography}, volume = {45}, journal = {Journal of applied crystallography}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0021-8898}, doi = {10.1107/S0021889812015038}, pages = {517 -- 522}, year = {2012}, abstract = {A crystal of hen egg-white lysozyme was analyzed by means of energy-dispersive X-ray Laue diffraction with white synchrotron radiation at 2.7 angstrom resolution using a pnCCD detector. From Laue spots measured in a single exposure of the arbitrarily oriented crystal, the lattice constants of the tetragonal unit cell could be extracted with an accuracy of about 2.5\%. Scanning across the sample surface, Laue images with split reflections were recorded at various positions. The corresponding diffraction patterns were generated by two crystalline domains with a tilt of about 1 degrees relative to each other. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of the pnCCD for fast X-ray screening of crystals of macromolecules or proteins prior to conventional X-ray structure analysis. The described experiment can be automatized to quantitatively characterize imperfect single crystals or polycrystals.}, language = {en} } @article{AbboudSendPashniaketal.2013, author = {Abboud, Ali and Send, Sebastian and Pashniak, N. and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Ihle, Sebastian and Huth, M. and Hartmann, Robert and Str{\"u}der, Lothar and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Sub-pixel resolution of a pnCCD for X-ray white beam applications}, series = {Journal of instrumentation}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of instrumentation}, number = {3}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1748-0221}, doi = {10.1088/1748-0221/8/05/P05005}, pages = {17}, year = {2013}, abstract = {A new approach to achieve sub-pixel spatial resolution in a pnCCD detector with 75 x 75 mu m(2) pixel size is proposed for X-ray applications in single photon counting mode. The approach considers the energy dependence of the charge cloud created by a single photon and its split probabilities between neighboring pixels of the detector based on a rectangular model for the charge cloud density. For cases where the charge of this cloud becomes distributed over three or four pixels the center position of photon impact can be reconstructed with a precision better than 2 mu m. The predicted charge cloud sizes are tested at selected X-ray fluorescence lines emitting energies between 6.4 keV and 17.4 keV and forming charge clouds with size (rms) varying between 8 mu m and 10 mu m respectively. The 2 mu m enhanced spatial resolution of the pnCCD is verified by means of an x-ray transmission experiment throughout an optical grating.}, language = {en} } @article{SendAbboudHartmannetal.2013, author = {Send, Sebastian and Abboud, Ali and Hartmann, Robert and Huth, M. and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Pashniak, N. and Schmidt, J. and Str{\"u}der, Lothar and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Characterization of a pnCCD for applications with synchrotron radiation}, series = {Nuclear instruments \& methods in physics research : a journal on accelerators, instrumentation and techniques applied to research in nuclear and atomic physics, materials science and related fields in physics ; A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment}, volume = {711}, journal = {Nuclear instruments \& methods in physics research : a journal on accelerators, instrumentation and techniques applied to research in nuclear and atomic physics, materials science and related fields in physics ; A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment}, number = {5}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0168-9002}, doi = {10.1016/j.nima.2013.01.044}, pages = {132 -- 142}, year = {2013}, abstract = {In this work we study the response of a pnCCD by means of X-ray spectroscopy in the energy range between 6 key and 20 key and by Laue diffraction techniques. The analyses include measurements of characteristic detector parameters like energy resolution, count rate capability and effects of different gain settings. The limit of a single photon counting operation in white beam X-ray diffraction experiments is discussed with regard to the occurrence of pile-up events, for which the energy information about individual photons is lost. In case of monochromatic illumination the pnCCD can be used as a fast conventional CCD with a charge handling capacity (CHC) of about 300,000 electrons per pixel. If the CHC is exceeded, any surplus charge will spill to neighboring pixels perpendicular to the transfer direction due to electrostatic repulsion. The possibilities of increasing the number of storable electrons are investigated for different voltage settings by exposing a single pixel with X-rays generated by a microfocus X-ray source. The pixel binning mode is tested as an alternative approach that enables a pnCCD operation with significantly shorter readout times.}, language = {en} } @article{ZenSaphiannikovaNeheretal.2006, author = {Zen, Achmad and Saphiannikova, Marina and Neher, Dieter and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Grigorian, Souren A. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Asawapirom, Udom and Janietz, Silvia and Scherf, Ullrich and Lieberwirth, Ingo and Wegner, Gerhard}, title = {Effect of molecular weight on the structure and crystallinity of poly(3-hexylthiophene)}, doi = {10.1021/Ma0521349}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Recently, two different groups have reported independently that the mobility of field-effect transistors made from regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) increases strongly with molecular weight. Two different models were presented: one proposing carrier trapping at grain boundaries and the second putting emphasis on the conformation and packing of the polymer chains in the thin layers for different molecular weights. Here, we present the results of detailed investigations of powders and thin films of deuterated P3HT fractions with different molecular weight. For powder samples, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the structure and crystallization behavior of the polymers. The GPC investigations show that all weight fractions possess a rather broad molecular weight distribution. DSC measurements reveal a strong decrease of the crystallization temperature and, most important, a significant decrease of the degree of crystallinity with decreasing molecular weight. To study the structure of thin layers in lateral and vertical directions, both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray grazing incidence diffraction (GID) were utilized. These methods show that thin layers of the low molecular weight fraction consist of well-defined crystalline domains embedded in a disordered matrix. We propose that the transport properties of layers prepared from fractions of poly(3-hexylthiophene) with different molecular weight are largely determined by the crystallinity of the samples and not by the perfection of the packing of the chains in the individual crystallites}, language = {en} } @article{PanznerGleberSantetal.2007, author = {Panzner, Tobias and Gleber, Gudrun and Sant, Tushar and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Coherence experiments at the white-beam beamline of BESSYI}, doi = {10.1016/j.tsf.2006.12.002}, year = {2007}, abstract = {The third-generation X-ray source BESSYII (Berlin, Germany) provides coherent X-ray radiation which can be used for static and dynamic speckle analysis. Recently we have demonstrated that one can perform experiments with coherent white radiation provided by a bending magnet (5 < E < 20 keV). In this paper we show that the diffraction figure of the initial pinhole must be considered for the interpretation of coherent experiments. The reflectivity spectrum of a sample results from the Fresnel diffraction of the incident pinhole deformed by the static speckle features of the sample surface. For dynamical experiments all speckle like features alter with time whereas the pure Fresnel fringes remain constant. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.}, language = {en} } @article{LeitenbergerHartmannPietschetal.2008, author = {Leitenberger, Wolfram and Hartmann, Robert and Pietsch, Ullrich and Andritschke, Robert and Starke, Ines and Str{\"u}der, Lothar}, title = {Application of a pnCCD in X-ray diffraction : a three-dimensional X-ray detector}, doi = {10.1107/S0909049508018931}, year = {2008}, abstract = {The first application of a pnCCD detector for X-ray scattering experiments using white synchrotron radiation at BESSY II is presented. A Cd arachidate multilayer was investigated in reflection geometry within the energy range 7 keV < E < 35 keV. At fixed angle of incidence the two-dimensional diffraction pattern containing several multilayer Bragg peaks and respective diffuse-resonant Bragg sheets were observed. Since every pixel of the detector is able to determine the energy of every incoming photon with a resolution Delta E/E similar or equal to 10(-2). a three-dimensional dataset is finally obtained. In order to achieve this energy resolution the detector was operated in the so-called single-photon- counting mode. A full dataset was evaluated taking into account all photons recorded within 10(5) detector frames at a readout rate of 200 Hz. By representing the data in reciprocal-space coordinates, it becomes obvious that this experiment with the pnCCD detector provides the same information as that obtained by combining a large number of monochromatic scattering experiments using conventional area detectors.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinholdGeueHuberetal.2009, author = {Reinhold, Beate and Geue, Thomas and Huber, Patrick and Sant, Tushar and Pietsch, Ullrich and Sztucki, Michael}, title = {In situ and ex situ SAXS investigation of colloidal sedimentation onto laterally patterned support}, issn = {0743-7463}, doi = {10.1021/La803078b}, year = {2009}, abstract = {We report on in situ investigations of colloidal ordering during gravity sedimentation from a colloidal suspension onto a prepatterned support using a polymeric surface relief grating (SRG) as the support. The ordering of colloids with a diameter of 420 nm was investigated by means of grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and transmission SAXS using a preparation cell guaranteeing stable temperature and humidity. GISAXS was used for in situ monitoring of the time evolution of colloidal ordering within the whole illuminated sample area. The onset of ordering was indicated by the increase of integrated intensity within a small time frame shortly before complete evaporation of the dispersant. Single domains of coated samples were investigated ex situ by SAXS in transmission geometry where the irradiated sample area was 200 x 200 mu m(2) only. Domains with the typical size of a few millimeters were observed varying in orientation and crystallographic structure for various positions at the sample. They were mainly oriented along the grooves of the grating, confirming the influence of the underlying grating on colloidal ordering.}, language = {en} } @article{ReddyGuptaGomeetal.2009, author = {Reddy, Raghavendra V. and Gupta, Ajay and Gome, Anil and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {In situ x-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction study of L1(0) ordering in Fe-57/Pt multilayers}, issn = {0953-8984}, doi = {10.1088/0953-8984/21/18/186002}, year = {2009}, abstract = {In situ high temperature x-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction measurements in the energy dispersive mode are used to study the ordered face-centered tetragonal (fct) L1(0) phase formation in [Fe(19 angstrom)/ Pt(25 angstrom)](x10) multilayers prepared by ion beam sputtering. With the in situ x-ray measurements it is observed that (i) the multilayer structure first transforms to a disordered FePt and subsequently to an ordered fct L1(0) phase, (ii) the ordered fct L1(0) FePt peaks start to appear at 320°C annealing, (iii) the activation energy of the interdiffusion is 0.8 eV and (iv) ordered fct FePt grains have preferential out-of-plane texture. The magneto-optical Kerr effect and conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopies are used to study the magnetic properties of the as- deposited and 400°C annealed multilayers. The magnetic data for the 400°C annealed sample indicate that the magnetization is at an angle of ~50° from the plane of the film.}, language = {en} } @article{JoshiPingelGrigorianetal.2009, author = {Joshi, Siddharth and Pingel, Patrick and Grigorian, Souren and Panzner, Tobias and Pietsch, Ullrich and Neher, Dieter and Forster, Michael and Scherf, Ullrich}, title = {Bimodal temperature behavior of structure and mobility in high molecular weight p3ht thin films}, issn = {0024-9297}, doi = {10.1021/Ma900021w}, year = {2009}, abstract = {We report a temperature dependent crystalline structure of spin-coated thin films of high molecular weight regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) (M-n similar to 30000 g/mol) and its correlation with charge carrier mobility. These investigations show a reversible change of the crystalline structure, where the interlayer lattice spacing (100)along the alkyl side chains continuously increases up to a temperature of about 220 degrees C; in contrast, the in-plane pi-pi distance reduces with increasing temperature. These changes in structure are reversible and can be repeated several times. The temperature-induced structural properties differ for thick and thin films, pointing to a surface/interface role in stabilization of the layer morphology. In contrast to the structural changes, the carrier mobility is rather constant in the temperature range from room temperature up to 100-120 degrees C, followed by a continuous decrease. For thick layers this drop is significant and the transistor performance almost vanishes at high temperature, however, it completely recovers upon cooling back to roorn temperature. The drop of the charge carrier mobility at higher temperatures is in contrast with expectations front the structural studies, considering the increase of crystalline fraction of the polycrystalline layer. our electrical measurements Underscore that the reduction of the macroscopic mobility is mostly caused by it pronounced decrease of the intergrain transport. The thermally induced crystallization along(100) direction and the creation of numerous small crystallites at the film-substrate interface reduce the number of long polymer chain, bridging crystalline domains, which ultimately limits the macroscopic charge transport.}, language = {en} } @article{HennebergPietschPanzneretal.2006, author = {Henneberg, Oliver and Pietsch, Ullrich and Panzner, Tobias and Geue, Thomas and Finkelstein, Kenneth D.}, title = {Simultaneous X-ray and visible light diffraction for the investigation of surface relief and density grating formation in azobenzene containing polymer films}, issn = {1542-1406}, doi = {10.1080/15421400500383345}, year = {2006}, abstract = {The development of surface relief and density patterns in azobenzene polymer films was studied by diffraction at two different wavelengths. We used x-ray diffraction of synchrotron radiation at 0.124 nm in combination with visible light diffraction at a wavelength of 633 nm. In contrast to visible light scattering x-ray diffraction allows the separation of a surface relief and a density grating contribution due to the different functional dependence of the scattering power. Additionally, the x-ray probe is most sensitive for the onset of the surface grating formation}, language = {en} } @article{AvilovKulyginPietschetal.1999, author = {Avilov, Anatoly S. and Kulygin, Alexander K. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Spence, John C. H. and Tsirelson, Vladimir G. and Zuo, Ming J.}, title = {Scanning system for high-energy electron diffractometry}, issn = {0021-8898}, doi = {10.1107/S0021889899006755}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{SendvonKozierowskiPanzneretal.2009, author = {Send, Sebastian and von Kozierowski, Marc and Panzner, Tobias and Gorfman, Semen and Nurdan, Kivanc and Walenta, Albert H. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Hartmann, Robert and Str{\"u}der, Lothar}, title = {Energy-dispersive Laue diffraction by means of a frame-store pnCCD}, issn = {0021-8898}, doi = {10.1107/S0021889809039867}, year = {2009}, language = {en} } @article{BrajpuriyaTripathiSharmaetal.2007, author = {Brajpuriya, Ranjeet and Tripathi, Sumit and Sharma, Abhishek and Chaudhari, S.M. and Phase, D.M. and Gupta, Ajay and Shripathi, Thoudinja and Leitenberger, Wolfram and Pietsch, Ullrich and Laxmi, N.}, title = {Temperature dependent energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction and magnetic study of Fe/Al interface}, issn = {0169-4332}, doi = {10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.04.069}, year = {2007}, abstract = {In situ temperature dependent energy-dispersive structural and magnetic study of electron beam evaporated Fe/Al multilayer sample (MLS) has been investigated. The structural studies show the formation of an intermixed FeAl transition layer of a few nanometers thick at the interface during deposition, which on annealing at 300 degrees C transforms to B2FeAl intermetallic phase. Magnetization decreases with increase in temperature and drops to minimum above 300 degrees C due to increase in anti-ferromagnetic interlayer coupling and formation of nonmagnetic FeAl phase at the interface. The Curie temperature (T-c) is found to be 288 degrees C and is much less than that of bulk bcc Fe.}, language = {en} } @article{ReichePietschFinketal.1992, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Pietsch, Ullrich and Fink, Hans-Peter and Lemmetyinen, Helge}, title = {A comparison fo x-ray methods for structure refinement of Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers}, year = {1992}, abstract = {The possibilities and limits of structure refinement of Langmuir-Blodgett films by means of symmetrical reflection of X- rays are described using the example of a stearic acid multilayer. Three different techniques for the determiantion of the electron density profile from reflectivity data are compared; a Fourier method, a Patterson method, and model calculations. The important role of the a priori information for finding the besft structure model is outlined.}, language = {en} } @article{ReicheBarberkaKnochenhaueretal.1994, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Barberka, Thomas Andreas and Knochenhauer, Gerald and Woolley, Martin and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Comprehensive structure investigation and computer modelling of perfluorododecanoic acid multilayers formed by in-vacuo thermal evaporation}, year = {1994}, language = {en} } @article{ReicheBarberkaJanietzetal.1994, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Barberka, Thomas Andreas and Janietz, Dietmar and Hofmann, Dieter and Pietsch, Ullrich and Brehmer, Ludwig}, title = {X-ray structure investigation and computer modelling of Langmuir-Blodgett films formed from disc-shaped pentaalkines}, year = {1994}, language = {en} } @article{PietschHolyStroemmeretal.1995, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Hol{\´y}, Vaclav and Str{\"o}mmer, R. and Englisch, Uwe}, title = {X-ray and neutron diffuse scattering from multilayers of fatty acid salt molecules}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{ReicheKnochenhauerBarberkaetal.1995, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Knochenhauer, Gerald and Barberka, Thomas Andreas and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Brehmer, Ludwig and Hodge, P. and Tredgold, Richard H.}, title = {In-plane structure of perfluorotetra decanoic acid Langmuir-Blodgett films and films formed by vacuum deposition}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{ReicheDietzelFreydanketal.1995, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Dietzel, Birgit and Freydank, Anke-Christine and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Brehmer, Ludwig}, title = {Lateral structure of thermally treated oxadiazole Langmuir-Blodgett films}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{GeueStumpePietschetal.1995, author = {Geue, Thomas and Stumpe, Joachim and Pietsch, Ullrich and Haak, M. and Kaupp, G.}, title = {Photochemically induced changes of optical anisotropy and surface of LB-multilayers built up by an amphiphilic and liquid crystalline copolymer conating azobenzene moieties}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{EnglischBarberkaPietschetal.1995, author = {Englisch, Uwe and Barberka, Thomas Andreas and Pietsch, Ullrich and H{\"o}hne, U.}, title = {Investigation of the chain-chain interface in a lead-stearate multilayer using neutron reflectivity}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{ReichePenacoradaGeueetal.1995, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Penacorada, Florencio and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Brehmer, Ludwig}, title = {In-plane structure of uranylarachidate multilayers}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{StahnMoehlePietsch1996, author = {Stahn, Jochen and M{\"o}hle, Marcus and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Accurate structure determination for GaAs using Pendell{\"o}sung oscillation}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{PietschHansen1996, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Hansen, N. K.}, title = {A critical review of the valence charge density in GaAs}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{LichanotAzavantPietsch1996, author = {Lichanot, Albert and Azavant, P. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Ab-initio Hartree-Fock study of the electronic charge density of the cubic boron nitride and its comparison with the experiment}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{ReicheKnochenhauerDieteletal.1997, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Knochenhauer, Gerald and Dietel, Reinhard and Freydank, Anke-Christine and Zetzsche, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Brehmer, Ludwig and Barberka, Thomas Andreas and Geue, Thomas}, title = {Structure of thermally treated oxadiazoleamide Langmuir-Blodgett films}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The thermal treatment of Y-type Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films formed from the amphiphilic derivative of 2,5- diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole 1 results in changes of the molecular packing. These changes have been analysed by a combination of X-ray specular reflectivity data, X-ray grazing incidence diffraction data and scanning force microscopy images, On the basis of these experimental data we have simulated possible supramolecular structures, These simulations provide insight into the intermolecular interactions giving rise to the observed structural transitions. The crystalline structure induced by thermal treatment of the LB films is characterized by a uniaxial texture, which is correlated with the dipping direction during deposition of the LB film.}, language = {en} } @article{ReichePenacoradaGeueetal.1997, author = {Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Penacorada, Florencio and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Brehmer, Ludwig}, title = {Monolayers and multilayers of uranyl arachidate : in-plane structure of uranyl arachidate multilayers}, year = {1997}, abstract = {The molecular in-plane structure of uranyl arachidate Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films formed at different subphase pH values was analysed by means of X-ray grazing-incidence diffraction. For multilayers formed at low subphase pH a reorganisation of the arachidic acid film structure is confirmed. At appropriate subphase pH values, reorganisation of the film structure, e.g. via the formation of three-dimensional crystallites, is prevented by the presence of the uranyl ions and by the subsequent introduction of conformational disorder (gauche defects) in the alkyl chains. The observation of a macroscopic flow-induced in-plane texture in these uranyl arachidate LB films has profound implications for the design of ordered, supramolecular structures by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique.}, language = {en} } @article{PietschBarberkaGeueetal.1997, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Barberka, Thomas Andreas and Geue, Thomas and St{\"o}mmer, Ralph}, title = {X-ray scattering from thin organic films and multilayers}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{EnglischGutberletSeitzetal.1997, author = {Englisch, Uwe and Gutberlet, T. and Seitz, R. and Oeser, R. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Thermally induced rearrangement of fatty acid salt molecules in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{DarowskiPaschkePietschetal.1997, author = {Darowski, Nora and Paschke, K. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Wang, K. H. and Forchel, Alfred and Baumbach, Tilo and Zeimer, Ute}, title = {Identification of a buried single quantum well within surface structurized semiconductors using depth resolved x-ray grazing-incidence diffraction}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{RosePietschZeimer1997, author = {Rose, Dirk and Pietsch, Ullrich and Zeimer, Ute}, title = {Characterization of InGaAs single quantum wells buried in GaAs[001] by grazing incidence diffraction}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{BolmEnglischPenacoradaetal.1997, author = {Bolm, A. and Englisch, Uwe and Penacorada, Florencio and Gerstenberger, M. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Temperature and time dependent investigations of cd- and uranyl-stearate multilayers by means of neutron reflectivity measurements}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannKauppGeueetal.1997, author = {Herrmann, A. and Kaupp, G. and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {AFM and GID investigations of the gas-solid diazotation of 4-sulfanil-acid-monohydrat single crystals}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{PaschkeGeueBarberkaetal.1997, author = {Paschke, K. and Geue, Thomas and Barberka, Thomas Andreas and Bolm, A. and Pietsch, Ullrich and R{\"o}sch, M. and Batke, Edwin and Faller, F. and Kerkel, K. and Oshiniwo, J. and Forchel, Alfred}, title = {Characterization of lateral semiconductor nano structures by means of x-ray grazing-incidence diffraction}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{SiebrechtSchreyerEnglischetal.1997, author = {Siebrecht, R. and Schreyer, A. and Englisch, Uwe and Pietsch, Ullrich and Zabel, Hartmut}, title = {The new reflectometer ADAM at the ILL}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{NeissendorferBolmPietsch1997, author = {Neißendorfer, Frank and Bolm, A. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Energy dispersive X-ray reflectometry and X-ray grazing incidence diffraction from organic multilayers}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{DarowskiPietschWangetal.1998, author = {Darowski, Nora and Pietsch, Ullrich and Wang, K. H. and Forchel, Alfred and Shen, W. and Kycia, S.}, title = {X-ray diffraction analysis of strain relaxation in free standing and buried GaAs/GaInAs/GaAs SQW lateral structures}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{HaierHerrmannEsseretal.1998, author = {Haier, P. and Herrmann, B. A. and Esser, N. and Pietsch, Ullrich and L{\"u}ders, K. and Richter, W.}, title = {Influence of the deposition rate on the structure of thin metal layers}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{StahnPucherGeueetal.1998, author = {Stahn, Jochen and Pucher, Andreas and Geue, Thomas and Daniel, A. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Electric field induced electron density response of GaAs and ZnSe}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{DarowskiLuebbertPietschetal.1998, author = {Darowski, Nora and L{\"u}bbert, Daniel and Pietsch, Ullrich and Zhuang, Y. and Zerlauth, S. and Bauer, G{\"u}nther}, title = {In-plane strain and strain relaxation in laterally patterned Si/SiGe quantum dots and wire arrays}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{StoemmerGoebelHubetal.1998, author = {St{\"o}mmer, Ralph and G{\"o}bel, H. and Hub, W. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {X-ray scattering from silicon surfaces}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{StoemmerMartinGeueetal.1998, author = {St{\"o}mmer, Ralph and Martin, C. R. and Geue, Thomas and G{\"o}bel, H. and Hub, W. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Comparative studies of fractal parameters of Si(100) surfaces measured by X-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{DarowskiPietschZeimeretal.1998, author = {Darowski, Nora and Pietsch, Ullrich and Zeimer, Ute and Smirnitzki, V. and Bugge, F.}, title = {Nondestructive analysis of a lateral GaAs nanostructure buried under AlGaAs using conventional high resolution and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{DarowskiPaschkePietschetal.1998, author = {Darowski, Nora and Paschke, K. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Wang, K. H. and Forchel, Alfred and L{\"u}bbert, Daniel and Baumbach, Tilo}, title = {Structural characterization of a GaAs surface wire structure by triple-axis X-ray grazing incidence diffraction}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{UlyanenkovKlemradtPietsch1998, author = {Ulyanenkov, A. and Klemradt, U. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Investigation of strain relaxation in GaInAs/GaAs superlattices by x-ray diffuse scattering}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{GrenzerSchomburgLingottetal.1998, author = {Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Schomburg, E. and Lingott, I. and Ignotov, A. a. and Renk, K. F. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Rose, Dirk and Zeimer, Ute and Melzer, B. J. and Ivanov, S. and Schaposchnikov, S. and Kop'ev, P. S. and Pavel'ev, D. G. and Koschurinov, Yu.}, title = {X-ray and transport characterization of an Esaki-Tsu superlattice device}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{StahnMoehlePietsch1998, author = {Stahn, Jochen and M{\"o}hle, Marcus and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Comparison of theoretical and experimental structure amplitudes of GaAs}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{TsirelsonAbramovZavodniketal.1998, author = {Tsirelson, Vladimir G. and Abramov, Yury Fedorovich and Zavodnik, Valerie E. and Stash, Adam I. and Belokoneva, Elena L. and Stahn, Jochen and Pietsch, Ullrich and Feil, Dirk}, title = {Critical pionts in a crystal an procrystal}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{EnglischPenacoradaSamoilenkoetal.1998, author = {Englisch, Uwe and Penacorada, Florencio and Samoilenko, I. and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Investigation of the vertical molecular exchange in a complex organic multilayer system}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{ZhuangHolyStangletal.1999, author = {Zhuang, Y. and Hol{\´y}, V{\´a}clav and Stangl, Jochen and Darhuber, A. and Mikulik, P. and Zerlauth, S. and Sch{\"a}ffler, F. and Bauer, G{\"u}nther and Darowski, Nora and L{\"u}bbert, Daniel and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Strain relaxation in periodic arrays of Si/SiGe quantum wires determined by coplanar high-resolution x-ray diffrcation and grazing-incidence diffraction}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{ZeimerBaumbachGrenzeretal.1999, author = {Zeimer, Ute and Baumbach, Tilo and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and L{\"u}bbert, Daniel and Mazuelas, A. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Erbert, G.}, title = {In-situ characterization of strain distribution in broad-area high-power lasers under operation by high- resolution x-ray diffrcation and topography using synchrotron radiation}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{EnglischKatholyPenacoradaetal.1999, author = {Englisch, Uwe and Katholy, Stefan and Penacorada, Florencio and Reiche, J{\"u}rgen and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Investigation of molecular diffusion across organic multilayers using neutron specular reflectivity}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{UlyanenkovDarowskiGrenzeretal.1999, author = {Ulyanenkov, A. and Darowski, Nora and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich and Wang, K. H. and Forchel, Alfred}, title = {Evaluation of strain distribution in freestanding and bruied lateral nanostructures}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{StahnPucherPietschetal.1999, author = {Stahn, Jochen and Pucher, Andreas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Zellner, J. and Weckert, E.}, title = {Experimental determination of electric field induced differences in structure factor phases in the order of 2\%}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{VeldkampErkoGudatetal.1999, author = {Veldkamp, Markus and Erko, Alexei and Gudat, Wolfgang and Abrosimov, Nikolai V. and Alex, Volker and Khasanov, Salavat and Neissendorfer, Frank and Pietsch, Ullrich and Shekhtman, Veniamin}, title = {Si(1-x)Ge(x) laterally graded crystals as monochromators for X-Ray absorption spectroscopy studies}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{UlyanenkovBaumbachDarowskietal.1999, author = {Ulyanenkov, A. and Baumbach, Tilo and Darowski, Nora and Pietsch, Ullrich and Wang, K. H. and Forchel, Alfred and Wiebach, T.}, title = {Investigation of the in-plane strain distribution in free-standing GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs single quantum well surface nanostructures on GaAs[001]}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{HolyDarhuberStangletal.1999, author = {Hol{\´y}, V{\´a}clav and Darhuber, A. and Stangl, Jochen and Zerlauth, S. and Sch{\"a}ffler, F. and Bauer, G{\"u}nther and Darowski, Nora and L{\"u}bbert, Daniel and Pietsch, Ullrich and Vavra, I.}, title = {HRXRD and GID investigations of a self-organized SiGe quantum dot multilayer}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{NeissendorferPietschBreszisinskietal.1999, author = {Neißendorfer, Frank and Pietsch, Ullrich and Breszisinski, G. and M{\"o}hwald, Helmuth}, title = {Energy-dispersive reflectometry and diffractometry at the WLS of BESSY-I}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{LuebbertBaumbachPontietal.1999, author = {L{\"u}bbert, Daniel and Baumbach, Tilo and Ponti, S. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Leprince, L. and Schneck, J. and Talneau, A.}, title = {Strain investigation of low strained buried gratings by grazing incidence X-Ray diffraction and the theory of elasticity}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{GeueSchultzEnglischetal.1999, author = {Geue, Thomas and Schultz, M. and Englisch, Uwe and St{\"o}mmer, Ralph and Pietsch, Ullrich and Meine, Kerstin and Vollhard, D.}, title = {Investigation of pH-dependent domain structure of fatty acid salt Langmuir-Blodgett films by means of X-ray diffuse scattering and Atomic Force Microscopy}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @book{HolyPietschBaumbach1999, author = {Hol{\´y}, V{\´a}clav and Pietsch, Ullrich and Baumbach, Tilo}, title = {High-resolution x-ray scattering from thin films and multilayers}, series = {Springer tracts in modern physics}, volume = {149}, journal = {Springer tracts in modern physics}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, isbn = {3-540-62029-X}, doi = {10.1007/BFb0109385}, pages = {256 S.}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{MetzgerPietschGarstein1999, author = {Metzger, T. H. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Garstein, E.}, title = {High-resolution lattice parameter measurement by x-ray grazing incidence diffraction: Application to the interface of silicon on sapphire}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{EnglischPenacoradaBrehmeretal.1999, author = {Englisch, Uwe and Penacorada, Florencio and Brehmer, Ludwig and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {X-ray and neutron reflection analysis of the structure and the molecular exchange process in simple and complex fatty acid salt Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{HolyStanglZerlauthetal.1999, author = {Hol{\´y}, V{\´a}clav and Stangl, Jochen and Zerlauth, S. and Bauer, G{\"u}nther and Darowski, Nora and L{\"u}bbert, Daniel and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Lateral arrangement of self-assembled quantum dots in an SiGe/Si superlattice}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{StruthDecherSchmittetal.1999, author = {Struth, Bernd and Decher, Gero and Schmitt, J. and Hofmeister, Wolfgang and Neißendorfer, Frank and Pietsch, Ullrich and Brezesinski, Gerald and M{\"o}hwald, Helmuth}, title = {Chemical modification of Topaz surfaces}, issn = {0928-4931}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{GeuePietschHaferkornetal.1999, author = {Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Haferkorn, J. and Stumpe, Joachim and Date, R. W. and Fawcett, A. H.}, title = {Competition of alignment and aggregation? : Phenomena in constrained films of LC poly(olefin ulfone)s and maleic anhydride co- and terpolymers}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{ZeimerBuggeGramlichetal.2000, author = {Zeimer, Ute and Bugge, F. and Gramlich, S. and Smirnitzki, V. and Weyers, Markus and Tr{\"a}nkle, G. and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich and Cassabois, G. and Emiliani, V. and Lienau, C.}, title = {Evidence for strain-induced lateral carrier confinement in InGaAs quantum wells by low-temperature near-field spectroscopy}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{MukherjeeBhattacharyaSanyaletal.2000, author = {Mukherjee, M. and Bhattacharya, M. K. and Sanyal, M. K. and Geue, Thomas and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Temperature dependent thickness and surface tension of polymer films}, isbn = {81-7371295-6}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{Pietsch2000, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Investigations of semiconductor surfaces and interfaces by X-ray grazing incidence diffraction}, issn = {0011-3891}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{ZhuangPietschStangletal.2000, author = {Zhuang, Y. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Stangl, Jochen and Hol{\´y}, Vaclav and Darowski, Nora and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Zerlauth, S. and Sch{\"a}ffler, F. and Bauer, G{\"u}nther}, title = {In-plane strain and shape analysis of Si/SiGe nanostructures by grazing incidence diffraction}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{ZhuangSchellingStangletal.2000, author = {Zhuang, Y. and Schelling, Christoph and Stangl, Jochen and Penn, C. and Senz, S. and Sch{\"a}ffler, Friedrich and Roche, T. and Daniel, A. and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich and Bauer, G{\"u}nther}, title = {Structural and optical properties of Si/Si{1-x}Ge{x} wires}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{GrenzerDarowskiPietschetal.2000, author = {Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Darowski, Nora and Pietsch, Ullrich and Daniel, A. and Reithmaier, Johann-Peter and Rennon, Siegfried and Forchel, Alfred}, title = {Grazing-incidence diffraction strain analysis of a laterally-modulated multiquantum well system produced by focused-ion-beam implantation}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{KarcenkoEnglischGrenzeretal.2000, author = {Karcenko, Anatolij V. and Englisch, Uwe and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Siebrecht, R.}, title = {Investigation of partially deuterated multilayers by means of X-ray and polarized neutron reflectometry}, issn = {1044-8632}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{ThuenemannKubowiczPietsch2000, author = {Th{\"u}nemann, Andreas F. and Kubowicz, Stephan and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Ultra-thin solid polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex films : structure and wetting}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{PietschRochonNatansohn2000, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Rochon, Paul and Natansohn, Almeria}, title = {Formation of a buried lateral density grating in azopenzene polymer films}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{PietschDarowskiUlyanenkovetal.2000, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Darowski, Nora and Ulyanenkov, A. and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Wang, K. H. and Forchel, Alfred}, title = {Analysis of the strain distribution in lateral nanostructures for interpreting photoluminescence data}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{StahnGeueGrenzeretal.2000, author = {Stahn, Jochen and Geue, Thomas and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Interaction of short-chain alkanes with surface and interfaces of multilayer films built from amphiphilic molecules: an in-situ X-ray and neutron scattering probe}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{NeumannBuchsteinerMahleretal.2000, author = {Neumann, Werner and Buchsteiner, Alexandra and Mahler, Willy and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Dielectric loss spectroscopy at fatty acid salt multilayers}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Dielectric loss spectroscopy (DLS) was performed at compact samples and lamellary organized Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films from various fatty acid salts. Previous thermoanalytical measurements at compact samples revealed the appearance of two different phase transition temperatures; the lower one is related to the acid the second one to the acid salt molecules. In spite of ill defined electrical contacts with the film the characteristic DLS frequencies obtained from about 100nm thick multilayer films are similar to those recorded from bulk samples. No significant variations of frequencies were found changing the counter ions. Besides conductivity influence at low frequncies we found two relaxations related to the mobility of the dipolar carboxylat-metal group at about 100 and 10000Hz. One of these frequencies is related to the rotation around the chain axis. The strength of this relaxation increases significantly with increasing the sample temperature above 105°C. This temperature is connected with a structural phase transition observed by X-ray reflectometry. In case of Pb-stearate the results of the dielectric measurements help to interprete this structural change as a transition from an orthorhombic into a free-rotator phase. The uncorrelated rotation of molecules around their molecular axes initiates a much increased relaxation strength at the carboxylat-metal sites.}, language = {en} } @article{MukhopadhyayDattaSanyaletal.2001, author = {Mukhopadhyay, M. K. and Datta, A. and Sanyal, M. K. and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Synchrotron Studies of Melting of Langmuir-Blodgett Films}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{AvilovLepeshovPietschetal.2001, author = {Avilov, Anatoly S. and Lepeshov, G. G. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Tsirelson, Vladimir G.}, title = {Multipole analysis of the electron density and electrostatic potential in Germanium by high-resolution electron diffraction}, issn = {0022-3697}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{DavaasambuuDanielStahnetal.2001, author = {Davaasambuu, Jav and Daniel, A. and Stahn, Jochen and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Comparison of experimental and theoretical valence charge densites in cubic ZnSe}, issn = {0022-3697}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{GrenzerDarowskiGeueetal.2001, author = {Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Darowski, Nora and Geue, Thomas and Pietsch, Ullrich and Daniel, A. and Rennon, Siegfried and Reithmaier, Johann-Peter and Forchel, Alfred}, title = {Strain analysis and quantum well intermixing of a laterally modulated multiquantum well system produced by focused ion beam implantation}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{ZeimerGrenzerPietschetal.2001, author = {Zeimer, Ute and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich and Bugge, F. and Smirnitzki, V. and Weyers, Markus}, title = {Investigation of strain-modulated InGaAs-nanostructures by grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction and photoluminescence}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{ZeimerBuggeGramlichetal.2001, author = {Zeimer, Ute and Bugge, F. and Gramlich, S. and Smirnitzki, V. and Weyers, Markus and Tr{\"a}nkle, G. and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich and Cassabois, G. and Emiliani, V. and Linau, Christoph}, title = {Evidence of strain-induced lateral carrier confinement in InGaAs-quantum wells by low-temperature near-field spectroscopy}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{PietschGrenzerGeueetal.2001, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Geue, Thomas and Neißendorfer, Frank and Brezesinski, Gerald and Symietz, Christian and M{\"o}hwald, Helmuth and Gudat, Wolfgang}, title = {The energy dispersive reflectometer at BESSY II : a challenge for thin film analysis}, issn = {0167- 5087}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{PietschZeimerHofmannetal.2001, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Zeimer, Ute and Hofmann, L. and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Gramlich, S.}, title = {Strain induced compositional modulations in AlGaAs overlayers induced by lateral surface gratings}, issn = {0272-9172}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{DavaasambuuDanielStahnetal.2001, author = {Davaasambuu, Jav and Daniel, A. and Stahn, Jochen and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Harmonic and anharmonic thermal vibrations in cubic ZnSe}, issn = {0044-2968}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{TsirelsonAvilovLepeshovetal.2001, author = {Tsirelson, Vladimir G. and Avilov, Anatoly S. and Lepeshov, G. G. and Kuligin, A. K. and Stahn, Jochen and Pietsch, Ullrich and Spence, J. C. H.}, title = {Quantitative Analysis of the Inner-Crystal Electrostatic Potential of several Rock-Salt-Structure Crystals Using Accurate Electron-Diffraction Data}, issn = {1089-5647}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{StahnPietschBlahaetal.2001, author = {Stahn, Jochen and Pietsch, Ullrich and Blaha, Pawel and Schwarz, K. H.}, title = {Electric field induced charge-density variations in covalently bonded compounds}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{PoloucekPietschGeueetal.2001, author = {Poloucek, P. and Pietsch, Ullrich and Geue, Thomas and Symietz, Christian and Brezesinski, Gerald}, title = {X-ray reflectivity analysis of thin complex Langmuir-Blodgett films}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{PietschStahnDavaasambuuetal.2001, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Stahn, Jochen and Davaasambuu, Jav and Pucher, Andreas}, title = {Electric field induced charge density variations in partially-ionic compounds}, issn = {0022-3697}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{HennebergChiGeueetal.2001, author = {Henneberg, Oliver and Chi, Li Feng and Geue, Thomas and Saphiannikova, Marina and Pietsch, Ullrich and Rochon, Paul and Natansohn, Almeria}, title = {Atomic force microscopy inspection of the early state of formation of polymer surface relief grating}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{HennebergGeueSaphiannikovaetal.2001, author = {Henneberg, Oliver and Geue, Thomas and Saphiannikova, Marina and Pietsch, Ullrich and Rochon, Paul and Natansohn, Almeria}, title = {Formation and dynamics of polymer surface relief gratings}, issn = {0378-5963}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{Pietsch2002, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {Reversible negative thermal expansion of polymer films}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{Pietsch2002, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {X-ray reflectivity from sinusoidal surface relief gratings}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{BodenthinGrenzerLauteretal.2002, author = {Bodenthin, Yves and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Lauter, Robert and Pietsch, Ullrich and Lehmann, Pit and Kurth, Dirk G. and M{\"o}hwald, Helmuth}, title = {Temperature and time resolved x-ray scattering at thin organic films}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{GeueHennebergPietsch2002, author = {Geue, Thomas and Henneberg, Oliver and Pietsch, Ullrich}, title = {X-ray reflectivity from sinusoidal surface relief gratings}, issn = {0023-4753}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{GeueSaphiannikovaHennebergetal.2002, author = {Geue, Thomas and Saphiannikova, Marina and Henneberg, Oliver and Pietsch, Ullrich and Rochon, Paul and Natansohn, Almeria}, title = {Formation mechanism and dynamics in polymer surface gratings}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{GeueHennebergGrenzeretal.2002, author = {Geue, Thomas and Henneberg, Oliver and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich and Natansohn, Almeria and Rochon, Paul and Finkelstein, Kenneth D.}, title = {Formation of a buried density grating on thermal erasure of azobenzene polymer surface gratings}, issn = {0927-7757}, year = {2002}, language = {en} } @article{PietschKubowiczThuenemannetal.2003, author = {Pietsch, Ullrich and Kubowicz, Stephan and Th{\"u}nemann, Andreas F. and Geue, Thomas and Watson, M. D. and Tchebotareva, N. and M{\"u}llen, K.}, title = {X-ray reflectivity study of an amphiphilic hex-peri-hexabenzocoronene at a structured silicon wafer surface}, year = {2003}, language = {en} }