@book{HaferHenzeMattheetal.2014,
  author    = {Hafer, J{\"o}rg and Henze, Luise and Matth{\´e}, Frederic and Schumann, Marlen},
  title     = {Bestandsaufnahme E-Learning an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {2199-6520},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70670},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {33},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Der vorliegende Text gibt eine Bestandserhebung der bisher stattgefundenen Aktivit{\"a}ten im E-Learning an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam wieder, andererseits dient er auch dazu, Potenziale zu sichten und in einem n{\"a}chstem Schritt daraus Ideen und Vorschl{\"a}ge f{\"u}r eine hochschulweite E-Learning-Strategie abzuleiten. Zielsetzung der Bestandsaufnahme ist es, die relevanten Informationen darzustellen, {\"u}ber den Platz der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam in der hochschulischen E-Learning-Landschaft zu orientieren und den Stand der Entwicklung zu bewerten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{ArniCaliendoKuennetal.2014,
  author    = {Arni, Patrick and Caliendo, Marco and K{\"u}nn, Steffen and Zimmermann, Klaus F.},
  title     = {The IZA evaluation dataset survey},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {122},
  issn      = {1867-5808},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43520},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435204},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {This reference paper describes the sampling and contents of the IZA Evaluation Dataset Survey and outlines its vast potential for research in labor economics. The data have been part of a unique IZA project to connect administrative data from the German Federal Employment Agency with innovative survey data to study the out-mobility of individuals to work. This study makes the survey available to the research community as a Scientific Use File by explaining the development, structure, and access to the data. Furthermore, it also summarizes previous findings with the survey data.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Orgis2014,
  author    = {Orgis, Thomas},
  title     = {Unstetige Galerkin-Diskretisierung niedriger Ordnung in einem atmosph{\"a}rischen Multiskalenmodell},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70687},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die Dynamik der Atmosph{\"a}re der Erde umfasst einen Bereich von mikrophysikalischer Turbulenz {\"u}ber konvektive Prozesse und Wolkenbildung bis zu planetaren Wellenmustern. F{\"u}r Wettervorhersage und zur Betrachtung des Klimas {\"u}ber Jahrzehnte und Jahrhunderte ist diese Gegenstand der Modellierung mit numerischen Verfahren. Mit voranschreitender Entwicklung der Rechentechnik sind Neuentwicklungen der dynamischen Kerne von Klimamodellen, die mit der feiner werdenden Aufl{\"o}sung auch entsprechende Prozesse aufl{\"o}sen k{\"o}nnen, notwendig. Der dynamische Kern eines Modells besteht in der Umsetzung (Diskretisierung) der grundlegenden dynamischen Gleichungen f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Masse, Energie und Impuls, so dass sie mit Computern numerisch gel{\"o}st werden k{\"o}nnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Eignung eines unstetigen Galerkin-Verfahrens niedriger Ordnung f{\"u}r atmosph{\"a}rische Anwendungen. Diese Eignung f{\"u}r Gleichungen mit Wirkungen von externen Kr{\"a}ften wie Erdanziehungskraft und Corioliskraft ist aus der Theorie nicht selbstverst{\"a}ndlich. Es werden n{\"o}tige Anpassungen beschrieben, die das Verfahren stabilisieren, ohne sogenannte „slope limiter" einzusetzen. F{\"u}r das unmodifizierte Verfahren wird belegt, dass es nicht geeignet ist, atmosph{\"a}rische Gleichgewichte stabil darzustellen. Das entwickelte stabilisierte Modell reproduziert eine Reihe von Standard-Testf{\"a}llen der atmosph{\"a}rischen Dynamik mit Euler- und Flachwassergleichungen in einem weiten Bereich von r{\"a}umlichen und zeitlichen Skalen. Die L{\"o}sung der thermischen Windgleichung entlang der mit den Isobaren identischen charakteristischen Kurven liefert atmosph{\"a}rische Gleichgewichtszust{\"a}nde mit durch vorgegebenem Grundstrom einstellbarer Neigung zu(barotropen und baroklinen)Instabilit{\"a}ten, die f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Zyklonen wesentlich sind. Im Gegensatz zu fr{\"u}heren Arbeiten sind diese Zust{\"a}nde direkt im z-System(H{\"o}he in Metern)definiert und m{\"u}ssen nicht aus Druckkoordinaten {\"u}bertragen werden.Mit diesen Zust{\"a}nden, sowohl als Referenzzustand, von dem lediglich die Abweichungen numerisch betrachtet werden, und insbesondere auch als Startzustand, der einer kleinen St{\"o}rung unterliegt, werden verschiedene Studien der Simulation von barotroper und barokliner Instabilit{\"a}t durchgef{\"u}hrt. Hervorzuheben ist dabei die durch die Formulierung von Grundstr{\"o}men mit einstellbarer Baroklinit{\"a}t erm{\"o}glichte simulationsgest{\"u}tzte Studie des Grades der baroklinen Instabilit{\"a}t verschiedener Wellenl{\"a}ngen in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von statischer Stabilit{\"a}t und vertikalem Windgradient als Entsprechung zu Stabilit{\"a}tskarten aus theoretischen Betrachtungen in der Literatur.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Raiser2014,
  author    = {Raiser, Christoph},
  title     = {Kompromisse im Europ{\"a}ischen Parlament : eine kultursoziologische Analyse von Entscheidungsprozessen in einer supranationalen Institution},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-283-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69560},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxiii, 313},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Das Europ{\"a}ische Parlament ist zweifelsohne die m{\"a}chtigste parlamentarische Versammlung auf supranationaler Ebene. Das provoziert die Frage, wie Entscheidungen in diesem Parlament gef{\"a}llt werden und wie sie begr{\"u}ndet werden k{\"o}nnen. Darin liegt das Hauptanliegen dieser Arbeit, die zur Beantwortung dieser Frage auf soziologische Ans{\"a}tze der Erkl{\"a}rung sozialen Handelns zur{\"u}ckgreift und damit einen neuen Zugang zur Beobachtung parlamentarischen Handelns schafft. Dabei arbeitet sie heraus, wie wichtig es ist, bei der Analyse politischer Entscheidungsprozesse zu beachten, wie politische Probleme von Akteuren interpretiert und gegen{\"u}ber Verhandlungspartnern dargestellt werden. An den Fallbeispielen der Entscheidungsprozesse zur Dienstleistungsrichtlinie, zur Chemikalien-Verordnung REACH und dem TDIP (CIA)-Ausschuss in der Legislaturperiode 2004-2009, wird der soziale Mechanismus dargestellt, der hinter Einigungen im Europ{\"a}ischen Parlament steckt. Kultur als Interpretation der Welt wird so zum Schl{\"u}ssel des Verst{\"a}ndnisses politischer Entscheidungen auf supranationaler Ebene.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{LiuTkachovKomberetal.2014,
  author    = {Liu, W. and Tkachov, R. and Komber, H. and Senkovskyy, V. and Schubert, M. and Wei, Z. and Facchetti, A. and Neher, Dieter and Kiriy, A.},
  title     = {Chain-growth polycondensation of perylene diimide-based copolymers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98724},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Herein, we report the chain-growth tin-free room temperature polymerization method to synthesize n-type perylene diimide-dithiophene-based conjugated polymers (PPDIT2s) suitable for solar cell and transistor applications. The palladium/electron-rich tri-tert-butylphosphine catalyst is effective to enable the chain-growth polymerization of anion-radical monomer Br-TPDIT-Br/Zn to PPDIT2 with a molecular weight up to Mw ≈ 50 kg mol-1 and moderate polydispersity. This is the second example of the polymerization of unusual anion-radical aromatic complexes formed in a reaction of active Zn and electron-deficient diimide-based aryl halides. As such, the discovered polymerization method is not a specific reactivity feature of the naphthalene-diimide derivatives but is rather a general polymerization tool. This is an important finding, given the significantly higher maximum external quantum efficiency that can be reached with PDI-based copolymers (32-45\%) in all-polymer solar cells compared to NDI-based materials (15-30\%). Our studies revealed that PPDIT2 synthesized by the new method and the previously published polymer prepared by step-growth Stille polycondensation show similar electron mobility and all-polymer solar cell performance. At the same time, the polymerization reported herein has several technological advantages as it proceeds relatively fast at room temperature and does not involve toxic tin-based compounds. Because several chain-growth polymerization reactions are well-suited for the preparation of well-defined multi-functional polymer architectures, the next target is to explore the utility of the discovered polymerization in the synthesis of end-functionalized polymers and block copolymers. Such materials would be helpful to improve the nanoscale morphology of polymer blends in all-polymer solar cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchottKretzschmarAckeretal.2014,
  author    = {Schott, Juliane and Kretzschmar, Jerome and Acker, Margret and Eidner, Sascha and Kumke, Michael Uwe and Drobot, Bj{\"o}rn and Barkleit, Astrid and Taut, Steffen and Brendler, Vinzenz and Stumpf, Thorsten},
  title     = {Formation of a Eu(III) borate solid species from a weak Eu(III) borate complex in aqueous solution},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98774},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In the presence of polyborates (detected by 11B-NMR) the formation of a weak Eu(III) borate complex (lg β11 ∼ 2, estimated) was observed by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). This complex is a precursor for the formation of a solid Eu(III) borate species. The formation of this solid in solution was investigated by TRLFS as a function of the total boron concentration: the lower the total boron concentration, the slower is the solid formation. The solid Eu(III) borate was characterized by IR spectroscopy, powder XRD and solid-state TRLFS. The determination of the europium to boron ratio portends the existence of pentaborate units in the amorphous solid.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PlehnMegowMay2014,
  author    = {Plehn, Thomas and Megow, J{\"o}rg and May, Volkhard},
  title     = {Concerted charge and energy transfer processes in a highly flexible fullerene-dye system},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98791},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Photoinduced excitation energy transfer and accompanying charge separation are elucidated for a supramolecular system of a single fullerene covalently linked to six pyropheophorbide-a dye molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to gain an atomistic picture of the architecture and the surrounding solvent. Excitation energy transfer among the dye molecules and electron transfer from the excited dyes to the fullerene are described by a mixed quantum-classical version of the F{\"o}rster rate and the semiclassical Marcus rate, respectively. The mean characteristic time of energy redistribution lies in the range of 10 ps, while electron transfer proceeds within 150 ps. In between, on a 20 to 50 ps time-scale, conformational changes take place in the system. This temporal hierarchy of processes guarantees efficient charge separation, if the structure is exposed to a solvent. The fast energy transfer can adopt the dye excitation to the actual conformation. In this sense, the probability to achieve charge separation is large enough since any dominance of unfavorable conformations that exhibit a large dye-fullerene distance is circumvented. And the slow electron transfer may realize an averaging with respect to different conformations. To confirm the reliability of our computations, ensemble measurements on the charge separation dynamics are simulated and a very good agreement with the experimental data is obtained.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WęcławskiTasiorHammannetal.2014,
  author    = {Węcławski, Marek K. and Tasior, Mariusz and Hammann, Tommy and Cywiński, Piotr J. and Gryko, Daniel T.},
  title     = {From π-expanded coumarins to π-expanded pentacenes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98822},
  pages     = {4},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The synthesis of two novel types of π-expanded coumarins has been developed. Modified Knoevenagel bis-condensation afforded 3,9-dioxa-perylene-2,8-diones. Subsequent oxidative aromatic coupling or light driven electrocyclization reaction led to dibenzo-1,7-dioxacoronene-2,8-dione. Unparalleled synthetic simplicity, straightforward purification and superb optical properties have the potential to bring these perylene and coronene analogs towards various applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{CiuciuCywiński2014,
  author    = {Ciuciu, Adina I. and Cywiński, Piotr J.},
  title     = {Two-photon polymerization of hydrogels - versatile solutions to fabricate well-defined 3D structures},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99450},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Hydrogels are cross-linked water-containing polymer networks that are formed by physical, ionic or covalent interactions. In recent years, they have attracted significant attention because of their unique physical properties, which make them promising materials for numerous applications in food and cosmetic processing, as well as in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Hydrogels are highly water-swellable materials, which can considerably increase in volume without losing cohesion, are biocompatible and possess excellent tissue-like physical properties, which can mimic in vivo conditions. When combined with highly precise manufacturing technologies, such as two-photon polymerization (2PP), well-defined three-dimensional structures can be obtained. These structures can become scaffolds for selective cell-entrapping, cell/drug delivery, sensing and prosthetic implants in regenerative medicine. 2PP has been distinguished from other rapid prototyping methods because it is a non-invasive and efficient approach for hydrogel cross-linking. This review discusses the 2PP-based fabrication of 3D hydrogel structures and their potential applications in biotechnology. A brief overview regarding the 2PP methodology and hydrogel properties relevant to biomedical applications is given together with a review of the most important recent achievements in the field.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Peitsch2014,
  author    = {Peitsch, Helmut},
  title     = {Die Vorgeschichte der ‚Brecht-Luk{\´a}cs-Debatte'},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe},
  number    = {113},
  issn      = {1866-8380},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94165},
  pages     = {33},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Werner Mittenzwei's article of 1967, the title of which coined the term "Brecht-Luk{\´a}cs-Debatte", is widely considered as a milestone in the development of East German literary criticism towards an "emancipation" from party politics. By placing Mittenzwei's contribution in the wider context of discussions about the literature of the GDR, within the SED and the writers' union as well as at international conferences, this article attempts to trace the emergence of "Umfunktionierung" both as a key term and in its official approval by the party.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Berner2014,
  author    = {Berner, Elisabeth},
  title     = {Albrecht Greule, J{\"o}rg Meier u. Arne Ziegler (Hgg.), Kanzleisprachenforschung. Ein internationales Handbuch / [rezensiert von] Elisabeth Berner},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94122},
  pages     = {654 -- 660},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Rezensiertes Werk: Albrecht Greule, J{\"o}rg Meier u. Arne Ziegler (Hgg.): Kanzleisprachenforschung. Ein internationales Handbuch. - Berlin u. Boston: de Gruyter 2012 - 680 S. - (XVI)},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{CywińskiNonoCharbonniereetal.2014,
  author    = {Cywiński, Piotr J. and Nono, Katia Nchimi and Charbonni{\`e}re, Lo{\"i}c J. and Hammann, Tommy and L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd},
  title     = {Photophysical evaluation of a new functional terbium complex in FRET-based time-resolved homogenous fluoroassays},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95390},
  pages     = {6060 -- 6067},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {A new functional luminescent lanthanide complex (LLC) has been synthesized with terbium as a central lanthanide ion and biotin as a functional moiety. Unlike in typical lanthanide complexes assembled via carboxylic moieties, in the presented complex, four phosphate groups are chelating the central lanthanide ion. This special chemical assembly enhances the complex stability in phosphate buffers conventionally used in biochemistry. The complex synthesis strategy and photophysical properties are described as well as the performance in time-resolved F{\"o}rster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) assays. In those assays, this biotin-LLC transferred energy either to acceptor organic dyes (Cy5 or AF680) labelled on streptavidin or to quantum dots (QD655 or QD705) surface-functionalised with streptavidins. The permanent spatial donor-acceptor proximity is assured through strong and stable biotin-streptavidin binding. The energy transfer is evidenced from the quenching observed in donor emission and from a decrease in donor luminescence decay, both associated with simultaneous increase in acceptor intensity and in the decay time. The dye-based assays are realised in TRIS and in PBS, whereas QD-based systems are studied in borate buffer. The delayed emission analysis allows for quantifying the recognition process and for auto-fluorescence-free detection, which is particularly relevant for application in bioanalysis. In accordance with F{\"o}rster theory, F{\"o}rster-radii (R0) were found to be around 60 {\AA} for organic dyes and around 105 {\AA} for QDs. The FRET efficiency (η) reached 80\% and 25\% for dye and QD acceptors, respectively. Physical donor-acceptor distances (r) have been determined in the range 45-60 {\AA} for organic dye acceptors, while for acceptor QDs between 120 {\AA} and 145 {\AA}. This newly synthesised biotin-LLC extends the class of highly sensitive analytical tools to be applied in the bioanalytical methods such as time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays (TR-FIA), luminescent imaging and biosensing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Giordano2014,
  author    = {Giordano, Cristina},
  title     = {A neglected world: transition metal nitride and metal carbide based nanostructures},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-75375},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {191},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Potentiality of nanosized materials has been largely proved but a closer look shows that a significant percentage of this research is related to oxides and metals, while the number drastically drops for metallic ceramics, namely transition metal nitrides and metal carbides. The lack of related publications do not reflect their potential but rather the difficulties related to their synthesis as dense and defect-free structures, fundamental prerequisites for advanced mechanical applications. The present habilitation work aims to close the gap between preparation and processing, indicating novel synthetic pathways for a simpler and sustainable synthesis of transition metal nitride (MN) and carbide (MC) based nanostructures and easier processing thereafter. In spite of simplicity and reliability, the designed synthetic processes allow the production of functional materials, with the demanded size and morphology. The goal was achieved exploiting classical and less-classical precursors, ranging from common metal salts and molecules (e.g. urea, gelatin, agar, etc), to more exotic materials, such as leafs, filter paper and even wood. It was found that the choice of precursors and reaction conditions makes it possible to control chemical composition (going for instance from metal oxides to metal oxy-nitrides to metal nitrides, or from metal nitrides to metal carbides, up to quaternary systems), size (from 5 to 50 nm) and morphology (going from mere spherical nanoparticles to rod-like shapes, fibers, layers, meso-porous and hierarchical structures, etc). The nature of the mixed precursors also allows the preparation of metal nitrides/carbides based nanocomposites, thus leading to multifunctional materials (e.g. MN/MC@C, MN/MC@PILs, etc) but also allowing dispersion in liquid media. Control over composition, size and morphology is obtained with simple adjustment of the main route, but also coupling it with processes such as electrospin, aerosol spray, bio-templating, etc. Last but not least, the nature of the precursor materials also allows easy processing, including printing, coating, casting, film and thin layers preparation, etc). The designed routes are, concept-wise, similar and they all start by building up a secondary metal ion-N/C precursor network, which converts, upon heat treatment, into an intermediate "glass". This glass stabilizes the nascent nanoparticles during their nucleation and impairs their uncontrolled growth during the heat treatment (scheme 1). This way, one of the main problems related to the synthesis of MN/MC, i.e. the need of very high temperature, could also be overcome (from up to 2000°C, for classical synthesis, down to 700°C in the present cases). The designed synthetic pathways are also conceived to allow usage of non-toxic compounds and to minimize (or even avoid) post-synthesis purification, still bringing to phase pure and well-defined (crystalline) nanoparticles. This research aids to simplify the preparation of MN/MC, making these systems now readily available in suitable amounts both for fundamental and applied science. The prepared systems have been tested (in some cases for the first time) in many different fields, e.g. battery (MnN0.43@C shown a capacity stabilized at a value of 230 mAh/g, with coulombic efficiencies close to 100\%), as alternative magnetic materials (Fe3C nanoparticles were prepared with different size and therefore different magnetic behavior, superparamagnetic or ferromagnetic, showing a saturation magnetization value up to 130 emu/g, i.e. similar to the value expected for the bulk material), as filters and for the degradation of organic dyes (outmatching the performance of carbon), as catalysts (both as active phase but also as active support, leading to high turnover rate and, more interesting, to tunable selectivity). Furthermore, with this route, it was possible to prepare for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, well-defined and crystalline MnN0.43, Fe3C and Zn1.7GeN1.8O nanoparticles via bottom-up approaches. Once the synthesis of these materials can be made straightforward, any further modification, combination, manipulation, is in principle possible and new systems can be purposely conceived (e.g. hybrids, nanocomposites, ferrofluids, etc).},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schmidt2014,
  author    = {Schmidt, Lukas},
  title     = {Aerosols and boundary layer structure over Arctic sea ice based on airborne lidar and dropsonde measurements},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-75076},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {vii, 98, xiii},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean is strongly influenced by the distribution of sea ice and open water. Leads in the sea ice produce strong convective fluxes of sensible and latent heat and release aerosol particles into the atmosphere. They increase the occurrence of clouds and modify the structure and characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and thereby influence the Arctic climate. In the course of this study aircraft measurements were performed over the western Arctic Ocean as part of the campaign PAMARCMIP 2012 of the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI). Backscatter from aerosols and clouds within the lower troposphere and the ABL were measured with the nadir pointing Airborne Mobile Aerosol Lidar (AMALi) and dropsondes were launched to obtain profiles of meteorological variables. Furthermore, in situ measurements of aerosol properties, meteorological variables and turbulence were part of the campaign. The measurements covered a broad range of atmospheric and sea ice conditions. In this thesis, properties of the ABL over Arctic sea ice with a focus on the influence of open leads are studied based on the data from the PAMARCMIP campaign. The height of the ABL is determined by different methods that are applied to dropsonde and AMALi backscatter profiles. ABL heights are compared for different flights representing different conditions of the atmosphere and of sea ice and open water influence. The different criteria for ABL height that are applied show large variation in terms of agreement among each other, depending on the characteristics of the ABL and its history. It is shown that ABL height determination from lidar backscatter by methods commonly used under mid-latitude conditions is applicable to the Arctic ABL only under certain conditions. Aerosol or clouds within the ABL are needed as a tracer for ABL height detection from backscatter. Hence an aerosol source close to the surface is necessary, that is typically found under the present influence of open water and therefore convective conditions. However it is not always possible to distinguish residual layers from the actual ABL. Stable boundary layers are generally difficult to detect. To illustrate the complexity of the Arctic ABL and processes therein, four case studies are analyzed each of which represents a snapshot of the interplay between atmosphere and underlying sea ice or water surface. Influences of leads and open water on the aerosol and clouds within the ABL are identified and discussed. Leads are observed to cause the formation of fog and cloud layers within the ABL by humidity emission. Furthermore they decrease the stability and increase the height of the ABL and consequently facilitate entrainment of air and aerosol layers from the free troposphere.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Meissner2014,
  author    = {Meissner, Sven},
  title     = {Implications of Microcystin Production in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-75199},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VII, 141},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Cyanobacteria produce about 40 percent of the world's primary biomass, but also a variety of often toxic peptides such as microcystin. Mass developments, so called blooms, can pose a real threat to the drinking water supply in many parts of the world. This study aimed at characterizing the biological function of microcystin production in one of the most common bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. In a first attempt, the effect of elevated light intensity on microcystin production and its binding to cellular proteins was studied. Therefore, conventional microcystin quantification techniques were combined with protein-biochemical methods. RubisCO, the key enzyme for primary carbon fixation was a major microcystin interaction partner. High light exposition strongly stimulated microcystin-protein interactions. Up to 60 percent of the total cellular microcystin was detected bound to proteins, i.e. inaccessible for standard quantification procedures. Underestimation of total microcystin contents when neglecting the protein fraction was also demonstrated in field samples. Finally, an immuno-fluorescence based method was developed to identify microcystin producing cyanobacteria in mixed populations. The high light induced microcystin interaction with proteins suggested an impact of the secondary metabolite on the primary metabolism of Microcystis by e.g. modulating the activity of enzymes. For addressing that question, a comprehensive GC/MS-based approach was conducted to compare the accumulation of metabolites in the wild-type of Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 and the microcystin deficient ΔmcyB mutant. From all 501 detected non-redundant metabolites 85 (17 percent) accumulated significantly different in either of both genotypes upon high light exposition. Accumulation of compatible solutes in the ΔmcyB mutant suggests a role of microcystin in fine-tuning the metabolic flow to prevent stress related to excess light, high oxygen concentration and carbon limitation. Co-analysis of the widely used model cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803 revealed profound metabolic differences between species of cyanobacteria. Whereas Microcystis channeled more resources towards carbohydrate synthesis, Synechocystis invested more in amino acids. These findings were supported by electron microscopy of high light treated cells and the quantification of storage compounds. While Microcystis accumulated mainly glycogen to about 8.5 percent of its fresh weight within three hours, Synechocystis produced higher amounts of cyanophycin. The results showed that the characterization of species-specific metabolic features should gain more attention with regard to the biotechnological use of cyanobacteria.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MetzlerJeonCherstvyetal.2014,
  author    = {Metzler, Ralf and Jeon, Jae-Hyung and Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Barkai, Eli},
  title     = {Anomalous diffusion models and their properties},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74448},
  pages     = {24128 -- 24164},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Modern microscopic techniques following the stochastic motion of labelled tracer particles have uncovered significant deviations from the laws of Brownian motion in a variety of animate and inanimate systems. Such anomalous diffusion can have different physical origins, which can be identified from careful data analysis. In particular, single particle tracking provides the entire trajectory of the traced particle, which allows one to evaluate different observables to quantify the dynamics of the system under observation. We here provide an extensive overview over different popular anomalous diffusion models and their properties. We pay special attention to their ergodic properties, highlighting the fact that in several of these models the long time averaged mean squared displacement shows a distinct disparity to the regular, ensemble averaged mean squared displacement. In these cases, data obtained from time averages cannot be interpreted by the standard theoretical results for the ensemble averages. Here we therefore provide a comparison of the main properties of the time averaged mean squared displacement and its statistical behaviour in terms of the scatter of the amplitudes between the time averages obtained from different trajectories. We especially demonstrate how anomalous dynamics may be identified for systems, which, on first sight, appear to be Brownian. Moreover, we discuss the ergodicity breaking parameters for the different anomalous stochastic processes and showcase the physical origins for the various behaviours. This Perspective is intended as a guidebook for both experimentalists and theorists working on systems, which exhibit anomalous diffusion.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WessigGerngrossPapeetal.2014,
  author    = {Wessig, Pablo and Gerngroß, Maik and Pape, Simon and Bruhns, Philipp and Weber, Jens},
  title     = {Novel porous materials based on oligospiroketals (OSK)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74466},
  pages     = {31123 -- 31129},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {New porous materials based on covalently connected monomers are presented. The key step of the synthesis is an acetalisation reaction. In previous years we used acetalisation reactions extensively to build up various molecular rods. Based on this approach, investigations towards porous polymeric materials were conducted by us. Here we wish to present the results of these studies in the synthesis of 1D polyacetals and porous 3D polyacetals. By scrambling experiments with 1D acetals we could prove that exchange reactions occur between different building blocks (evidenced by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry). Based on these results we synthesized porous 3D polyacetals under the same mild conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ZamponiPenfoldNachtegaaletal.2014,
  author    = {Zamponi, Flavio and Penfold, Thomas J. and Nachtegaal, Maarten and L{\"u}bcke, Andrea and Rittmann, Jochen and Milne, Chris J. and Chergui, Majed and van Bokhoven, Jeroen A.},
  title     = {Probing the dynamics of plasmon-excited hexanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles by picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74492},
  pages     = {23157 -- 23163},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is used to investigate the electronic and structural dynamics initiated by plasmon excitation of 1.8 nm diameter Au nanoparticles (NPs) functionalised with 1-hexanethiol. We show that 100 ps after photoexcitation the transient XAS spectrum is consistent with an 8\% expansion of the Au-Au bond length and a large increase in disorder associated with melting of the NPs. Recovery of the ground state occurs with a time constant of ∼1.8 ns, arising from thermalisation with the environment. Simulations reveal that the transient spectrum exhibits no signature of charge separation at 100 ps and allows us to estimate an upper limit for the quantum yield (QY) of this process to be <0.1.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{CherstvyChechkinMetzler2014,
  author    = {Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Chechkin, Aleksei V. and Metzler, Ralf},
  title     = {Particle invasion, survival, and non-ergodicity in 2D diffusion processes with space-dependent diffusivity},
  number    = {168},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74021},
  pages     = {1591 -- 1601},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {We study the thermal Markovian diffusion of tracer particles in a 2D medium with spatially varying diffusivity D(r), mimicking recently measured, heterogeneous maps of the apparent diffusion coefficient in biological cells. For this heterogeneous diffusion process (HDP) we analyse the mean squared displacement (MSD) of the tracer particles, the time averaged MSD, the spatial probability density function, and the first passage time dynamics from the cell boundary to the nucleus. Moreover we examine the non-ergodic properties of this process which are important for the correct physical interpretation of time averages of observables obtained from single particle tracking experiments. From extensive computer simulations of the 2D stochastic Langevin equation we present an in-depth study of this HDP. In particular, we find that the MSDs along the radial and azimuthal directions in a circular domain obey anomalous and Brownian scaling, respectively. We demonstrate that the time averaged MSD stays linear as a function of the lag time and the system thus reveals a weak ergodicity breaking. Our results will enable one to rationalise the diffusive motion of larger tracer particles such as viruses or submicron beads in biological cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MeyerMatissekMuelleretal.2014,
  author    = {Meyer, S{\"o}ren and Matissek, M. and M{\"u}ller, Sandra Marie and Taleshi, M. S. and Ebert, Franziska and Francesconi, Kevin A. and Schwerdtle, Tanja},
  title     = {In vitro toxicological characterisation of three arsenic-containing hydrocarbons},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74201},
  pages     = {1023 -- 1033},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Arsenic-containing hydrocarbons are one group of fat-soluble organic arsenic compounds (arsenolipids) found in marine fish and other seafood. A risk assessment of arsenolipids is urgently needed, but has not been possible because of the total lack of toxicological data. In this study the cellular toxicity of three arsenic-containing hydrocarbons was investigated in cultured human bladder (UROtsa) and liver (HepG2) cells. Cytotoxicity of the arsenic-containing hydrocarbons was comparable to that of arsenite, which was applied as the toxic reference arsenical. A large cellular accumulation of arsenic, as measured by ICP-MS/MS, was observed after incubation of both cell lines with the arsenolipids. Moreover, the toxic mode of action shown by the three arsenic-containing hydrocarbons seemed to differ from that observed for arsenite. Evidence suggests that the high cytotoxic potential of the lipophilic arsenicals results from a decrease in the cellular energy level. This first in vitro based risk assessment cannot exclude a risk to human health related to the presence of arsenolipids in seafood, and indicates the urgent need for further toxicity studies in experimental animals to fully assess this possible risk.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schmitt2014,
  author    = {Schmitt, Clemens Nikolaus Zeno},
  title     = {The role of protein metal complexes in the mechanics of Mytilus californianus byssal threads},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74216},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 93},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Protein-metal coordination complexes are well known as active centers in enzymatic catalysis, and to contribute to signal transduction, gas transport, and to hormone function. Additionally, they are now known to contribute as load-bearing cross-links to the mechanical properties of several biological materials, including the jaws of Nereis worms and the byssal threads of marine mussels. The primary aim of this thesis work is to better understand the role of protein-metal cross-links in the mechanical properties of biological materials, using the mussel byssus as a model system. Specifically, the focus is on histidine-metal cross-links as sacrificial bonds in the fibrous core of the byssal thread (Chapter 4) and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-metal bonds in the protective thread cuticle (Chapter 5). Byssal threads are protein fibers, which mussels use to attach to various substrates at the seashore. These relatively stiff fibers have the ability to extend up to about 100 \% strain, dissipating large amounts of mechanical energy from crashing waves, for example. Remarkably, following damage from cyclic loading, initial mechanical properties are subsequently recovered by a material-intrinsic self-healing capability. Histidine residues coordinated to transition metal ions in the proteins comprising the fibrous thread core have been suggested as reversible sacrificial bonds that contribute to self-healing; however, this remains to be substantiated in situ. In the first part of this thesis, the role of metal coordination bonds in the thread core was investigated using several spectroscopic methods. In particular, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was applied to probe the coordination environment of zinc in Mytilus californianus threads at various stages during stretching and subsequent healing. Analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) suggests that tensile deformation of threads is correlated with the rupture of Zn-coordination bonds and that self-healing is connected with the reorganization of Zn-coordination bond topologies rather than the mere reformation of Zn-coordination bonds. These findings have interesting implications for the design of self-healing metallopolymers. The byssus cuticle is a protective coating surrounding the fibrous thread core that is both as hard as an epoxy and extensible up to 100 \% strain before cracking. It was shown previously that cuticle stiffness and hardness largely depend on the presence of Fe-DOPA coordination bonds. However, the byssus is known to concentrate a large variety of metals from seawater, some of which are also capable of binding DOPA (e.g. V). Therefore, the question arises whether natural variation of metal composition can affect the mechanical performance of the byssal thread cuticle. To investigate this hypothesis, nanoindentation and confocal Raman spectroscopy were applied to the cuticle of native threads, threads with metals removed (EDTA treated), and threads in which the metal ions in the native tissue were replaced by either Fe or V. Interestingly, replacement of metal ions with either Fe or V leads to the full recovery of native mechanical properties with no statistical difference between each other or the native properties. This likely indicates that a fixed number of metal coordination sites are maintained within the byssal thread cuticle - possibly achieved during thread formation - which may provide an evolutionarily relevant mechanism for maintaining reliable mechanics in an unpredictable environment. While the dynamic exchange of bonds plays a vital role in the mechanical behavior and self-healing in the thread core by allowing them to act as reversible sacrificial bonds, the compatibility of DOPA with other metals allows an inherent adaptability of the thread cuticle to changing circumstances. The requirements to both of these materials can be met by the dynamic nature of the protein-metal cross-links, whereas covalent cross-linking would fail to provide the adaptability of the cuticle and the self-healing of the core. In summary, these studies of the thread core and the thread cuticle serve to underline the important and dynamic roles of protein-metal coordination in the mechanical function of load-bearing protein fibers, such as the mussel byssus.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{UnterbergLeffersHuebneretal.2014,
  author    = {Unterberg, Marlies and Leffers, Larissa and H{\"u}bner, Florian and Humpf, Hans-Ulrich and Lepikhov, Konstantin and Walter, J{\"o}rn and Ebert, Franziska and Schwerdtle, Tanja},
  title     = {Toxicity of arsenite and thio-DMAV after long-term (21 days) incubation of human urothelial cells: cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and epigenetics},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76239},
  pages     = {456 -- 464},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {This study aims to further mechanistically understand toxic modes of action after chronic inorganic arsenic exposure. Therefore long-term incubation studies in cultured cells were carried out, to display chronically attained changes, which cannot be observed in the generally applied in vitro short-term incubation studies. Particularly, the cytotoxic, genotoxic and epigenetic effects of an up to 21 days incubation of human urothelial (UROtsa) cells with pico- to nanomolar concentrations of iAsIII and its metabolite thio-DMAV were compared. After 21 days of incubation, cytotoxic effects were strongly enhanced in the case of iAsIII and might partly be due to glutathione depletion and genotoxic effects on the chromosomal level. These results are in strong contrast to cells exposed to thio-DMAV. Thus, cells seemed to be able to adapt to this arsenical, as indicated among others by an increase in the cellular glutathione level. Most interestingly, picomolar concentrations of both iAsIII and thio-DMAV caused global DNA hypomethylation in UROtsa cells, which was quantified in parallel by 5-medC immunostaining and a newly established, reliable, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)-based test system. This is the first time that epigenetic effects are reported for thio-DMAV; iAsIII induced epigenetic effects occur in at least 8000 fold lower concentrations as reported in vitro before. The fact that both arsenicals cause DNA hypomethylation at really low, exposure-relevant concentrations in human urothelial cells suggests that this epigenetic effect might contribute to inorganic arsenic induced carcinogenicity, which for sure has to be further investigated in future studies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PalyulinAlaNissilaMetzler2014,
  author    = {Palyulin, Vladimir V. and Ala-Nissila, Tapio and Metzler, Ralf},
  title     = {Polymer translocation: the first two decades and the recent diversification},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76287},
  pages     = {9016 -- 9037},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Probably no other field of statistical physics at the borderline of soft matter and biological physics has caused such a flurry of papers as polymer translocation since the 1994 landmark paper by Bezrukov, Vodyanoy, and Parsegian and the study of Kasianowicz in 1996. Experiments, simulations, and theoretical approaches are still contributing novel insights to date, while no universal consensus on the statistical understanding of polymer translocation has been reached. We here collect the published results, in particular, the famous-infamous debate on the scaling exponents governing the translocation process. We put these results into perspective and discuss where the field is going. In particular, we argue that the phenomenon of polymer translocation is non-universal and highly sensitive to the exact specifications of the models and experiments used towards its analysis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Debre2014,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Debre, Maria},
  title     = {Testing the limits of civil society in Jordan},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-72974},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {iii, 108},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Civil society is either considered as a motor of democratization or stabilizer of authoritarian rule. This dichotomy is partly due to the dominance of domains-based definitions of the concept that reduce civil society to a small range of formally organized, independent and democratically oriented NGOs. Additionally, research often treats civil society as a 'black box' without differentiating between potential variations in impact of different types of civil society actors on existing regime structures. In this thesis, I present an alternative conceptualization of civil society based on the interactions of societal actors to arrive at a more inclusive understanding of the term which is more suited for analysis in non-democratic settings. The operationalization of the action-based approach I develop allows for an empirical assessment of a large range of societal activities that can accordingly be categorized from little to very civil society-like depending on their specific modes of interactions within four dimensions. I employ this operationalization in a qualitative case study including different actors in the authoritarian monarchy of Jordan which suggests that Jordanian societal actors mostly exhibit tolerant and democratically oriented modes of interaction and do not reproduce authoritarian patterns. However, even democratically oriented actors do not necessarily take on an oppositional positions vis-{\`a}-vis the authoritarian regime. Thus, the Jordanian civil society might not feature a high potential to challenge existing power structures in the country.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Feld2014,
  author    = {Feld, Christian},
  title     = {Crustal structure of the Eratosthenes Seamount, Cyprus and S. Turkey from an amphibian wide-angle seismic profile},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73479},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xi, 131},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In March 2010, the project CoCoCo (incipient COntinent-COntinent COllision) recorded a 650 km long amphibian N-S wide-angle seismic profile, extending from the Eratosthenes Seamount (ESM) across Cyprus and southern Turkey to the Anatolian plateau. The aim of the project is to reveal the impact of the transition from subduction to continent-continent collision of the African plate with the Cyprus-Anatolian plate. A visual quality check, frequency analysis and filtering were applied to the seismic data and reveal a good data quality. Subsequent first break picking, finite-differences ray tracing and inversion of the offshore wide-angle data leads to a first-arrival tomographic model. This model reveals (1) P-wave velocities lower than 6.5 km/s in the crust, (2) a variable crustal thickness of about 28 - 37 km and (3) an upper crustal reflection at 5 km depth beneath the ESM. Two land shots on Turkey, also recorded on Cyprus, airgun shots south of Cyprus and geological and previous seismic investigations provide the information to derive a layered velocity model beneath the Anatolian plateau and for the ophiolite complex on Cyprus. The analysis of the reflections provides evidence for a north-dipping plate subducting beneath Cyprus. The main features of this layered velocity model are (1) an upper and lower crust with large lateral changes of the velocity structure and thickness, (2) a Moho depth of about 38 - 45 km beneath the Anatolian plateau, (3) a shallow north-dipping subducting plate below Cyprus with an increasing dip and (4) a typical ophiolite sequence on Cyprus with a total thickness of about 12 km. The offshore-onshore seismic data complete and improve the information about the velocity structure beneath Cyprus and the deeper part of the offshore tomographic model. Thus, the wide-angle seismic data provide detailed insights into the 2-D geometry and velocity structures of the uplifted and overriding Cyprus-Anatolian plate. Subsequent gravity modelling confirms and extends the crustal P-wave velocity model. The deeper part of the subducting plate is constrained by the gravity data and has a dip angle of ~ 28°. Finally, an integrated analysis of the geophysical and geological information allows a comprehensive interpretation of the crustal structure related to the collision process.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Goswami2014,
  author    = {Goswami, Bedartha},
  title     = {Uncertainties in climate data analysis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-78312},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Scientific inquiry requires that we formulate not only what we know, but also what we do not know and by how much. In climate data analysis, this involves an accurate specification of measured quantities and a consequent analysis that consciously propagates the measurement errors at each step. The dissertation presents a thorough analytical method to quantify errors of measurement inherent in paleoclimate data. An additional focus are the uncertainties in assessing the coupling between different factors that influence the global mean temperature (GMT). Paleoclimate studies critically rely on `proxy variables' that record climatic signals in natural archives. However, such proxy records inherently involve uncertainties in determining the age of the signal. We present a generic Bayesian approach to analytically determine the proxy record along with its associated uncertainty, resulting in a time-ordered sequence of correlated probability distributions rather than a precise time series. We further develop a recurrence based method to detect dynamical events from the proxy probability distributions. The methods are validated with synthetic examples and demonstrated with real-world proxy records. The proxy estimation step reveals the interrelations between proxy variability and uncertainty. The recurrence analysis of the East Asian Summer Monsoon during the last 9000 years confirms the well-known `dry' events at 8200 and 4400 BP, plus an additional significantly dry event at 6900 BP. We also analyze the network of dependencies surrounding GMT. We find an intricate, directed network with multiple links between the different factors at multiple time delays. We further uncover a significant feedback from the GMT to the El Ni{\~n}o Southern Oscillation at quasi-biennial timescales. The analysis highlights the need of a more nuanced formulation of influences between different climatic factors, as well as the limitations in trying to estimate such dependencies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Heise2014,
  author    = {Heise, Arvid},
  title     = {Data cleansing and integration operators for a parallel data analytics platform},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77100},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ii, 179},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The data quality of real-world datasets need to be constantly monitored and maintained to allow organizations and individuals to reliably use their data. Especially, data integration projects suffer from poor initial data quality and as a consequence consume more effort and money. Commercial products and research prototypes for data cleansing and integration help users to improve the quality of individual and combined datasets. They can be divided into either standalone systems or database management system (DBMS) extensions. On the one hand, standalone systems do not interact well with DBMS and require time-consuming data imports and exports. On the other hand, DBMS extensions are often limited by the underlying system and do not cover the full set of data cleansing and integration tasks. We overcome both limitations by implementing a concise set of five data cleansing and integration operators on the parallel data analytics platform Stratosphere. We define the semantics of the operators, present their parallel implementation, and devise optimization techniques for individual operators and combinations thereof. Users specify declarative queries in our query language METEOR with our new operators to improve the data quality of individual datasets or integrate them to larger datasets. By integrating the data cleansing operators into the higher level language layer of Stratosphere, users can easily combine cleansing operators with operators from other domains, such as information extraction, to complex data flows. Through a generic description of the operators, the Stratosphere optimizer reorders operators even from different domains to find better query plans. As a case study, we reimplemented a part of the large Open Government Data integration project GovWILD with our new operators and show that our queries run significantly faster than the original GovWILD queries, which rely on relational operators. Evaluation reveals that our operators exhibit good scalability on up to 100 cores, so that even larger inputs can be efficiently processed by scaling out to more machines. Finally, our scripts are considerably shorter than the original GovWILD scripts, which results in better maintainability of the scripts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{GhoshCherstvyMetzler2014,
  author    = {Ghosh, Surya K. and Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Metzler, Ralf},
  title     = {Non-universal tracer diffusion in crowded media of non-inert obstacles},
  publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77128},
  pages     = {1847 -- 1858},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {We study the diffusion of a tracer particle, which moves in continuum space between a lattice of excluded volume, immobile non-inert obstacles. In particular, we analyse how the strength of the tracer-obstacle interactions and the volume occupancy of the crowders alter the diffusive motion of the tracer. From the details of partitioning of the tracer diffusion modes between trapping states when bound to obstacles and bulk diffusion, we examine the degree of localisation of the tracer in the lattice of crowders. We study the properties of the tracer diffusion in terms of the ensemble and time averaged mean squared displacements, the trapping time distributions, the amplitude variation of the time averaged mean squared displacements, and the non-Gaussianity parameter of the diffusing tracer. We conclude that tracer-obstacle adsorption and binding triggers a transient anomalous diffusion. From a very narrow spread of recorded individual time averaged trajectories we exclude continuous type random walk processes as the underlying physical model of the tracer diffusion in our system. For moderate tracer-crowder attraction the motion is found to be fully ergodic, while at stronger attraction strength a transient disparity between ensemble and time averaged mean squared displacements occurs. We also put our results into perspective with findings from experimental single-particle tracking and simulations of the diffusion of tagged tracers in dense crowded suspensions. Our results have implications for the diffusion, transport, and spreading of chemical components in highly crowded environments inside living cells and other structured liquids.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Pussak2014,
  author    = {Pussak, Marcin},
  title     = {Seismic characterization of geothermal reservoirs by application of the common-reflection-surface stack method and attribute analysis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77565},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {viii, 140},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {An important contribution of geosciences to the renewable energy production portfolio is the exploration and utilization of geothermal resources. For the development of a geothermal project at great depths a detailed geological and geophysical exploration program is required in the first phase. With the help of active seismic methods high-resolution images of the geothermal reservoir can be delivered. This allows potential transport routes for fluids to be identified as well as regions with high potential of heat extraction to be mapped, which indicates favorable conditions for geothermal exploitation. The presented work investigates the extent to which an improved characterization of geothermal reservoirs can be achieved with the new methods of seismic data processing. The summations of traces (stacking) is a crucial step in the processing of seismic reflection data. The common-reflection-surface (CRS) stacking method can be applied as an alternative for the conventional normal moveout (NMO) or the dip moveout (DMO) stack. The advantages of the CRS stack beside an automatic determination of stacking operator parameters include an adequate imaging of arbitrarily curved geological boundaries, and a significant increase in signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio by stacking far more traces than used in a conventional stack. A major innovation I have shown in this work is that the quality of signal attributes that characterize the seismic images can be significantly improved by this modified type of stacking in particular. Imporoved attribute analysis facilitates the interpretation of seismic images and plays a significant role in the characterization of reservoirs. Variations of lithological and petro-physical properties are reflected by fluctuations of specific signal attributes (eg. frequency or amplitude characteristics). Its further interpretation can provide quality assessment of the geothermal reservoir with respect to the capacity of fluids within a hydrological system that can be extracted and utilized. The proposed methodological approach is demonstrated on the basis on two case studies. In the first example, I analyzed a series of 2D seismic profile sections through the Alberta sedimentary basin on the eastern edge of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. In the second application, a 3D seismic volume is characterized in the surroundings of a geothermal borehole, located in the central part of the Polish basin. Both sites were investigated with the modified and improved stacking attribute analyses. The results provide recommendations for the planning of future geothermal plants in both study areas.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Conrad2014,
  author    = {Conrad, Claudia},
  title     = {Open cluster groups and complexes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77605},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xii, 172},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {It is generally agreed upon that stars typically form in open clusters and stellar associations, but little is known about the structure of the open cluster system. Do open clusters and stellar associations form isolated or do they prefer to form in groups and complexes? Open cluster groups and complexes could verify star forming regions to be larger than expected, which would explain the chemical homogeneity over large areas in the Galactic disk. They would also define an additional level in the hierarchy of star formation and could be used as tracers for the scales of fragmentation in giant molecular clouds? Furthermore, open cluster groups and complexes could affect Galactic dynamics and should be considered in investigations and simulations on the dynamical processes, such as radial migration, disc heating, differential rotation, kinematic resonances, and spiral structure. In the past decade there were a few studies on open cluster pairs (de La Fuente Marcos \& de La Fuente Marcos 2009a,b,c) and on open cluster groups and complexes (Piskunov et al. 2006). The former only considered spatial proximity for the identification of the pairs, while the latter also required tangential velocities to be similar for the members. In this work I used the full set of 6D phase-space information to draw a more detailed picture on these structures. For this purpose I utilised the most homogeneous cluster catalogue available, namely the Catalogue of Open Cluster Data (COCD; Kharchenko et al. 2005a,b), which contains parameters for 650 open clusters and compact associations, as well as for their uniformly selected members. Additional radial velocity (RV) and metallicity ([M/H]) information on the members were obtained from the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE; Steinmetz et al. 2006; Kordopatis et al. 2013) for 110 and 81 clusters, respectively. The RAVE sample was cleaned considering quality parameters and flags provided by RAVE (Matijevič et al. 2012; Kordopatis et al. 2013). To ensure that only real members were included for the mean values, also the cluster membership, as provided by Kharchenko et al. (2005a,b), was considered for the stars cross-matched in RAVE. 6D phase-space information could be derived for 432 out of the 650 COCD objects and I used an adaption of the Friends-of-Friends algorithm, as used in cosmology, to identify potential groupings. The vast majority of the 19 identified groupings were pairs, but I also found four groups of 4-5 members and one complex with 15 members. For the verification of the identified structures, I compared the results to a randomly selected subsample of the catalogue for the Milky Way global survey of Star Clusters (MWSC; Kharchenko et al. 2013), which became available recently, and was used as reference sample. Furthermore, I implemented Monte-Carlo simulations with randomised samples created from two distinguished input distributions for the spatial and velocity parameters. On the one hand, assuming a uniform distribution in the Galactic disc and, on the other hand, assuming the COCD data distributions to be representative for the whole open cluster population. The results suggested that the majority of identified pairs are rather by chance alignments, but the groups and the complex seemed to be genuine. A comparison of my results to the pairs, groups and complexes proposed in the literature yielded a partial overlap, which was most likely because of selection effects and different parameters considered. This is another verification for the existence of such structures. The characteristics of the found groupings favour that members of an open cluster grouping originate from a common giant molecular cloud and formed in a single, but possibly sequential, star formation event. Moreover, the fact that the young open cluster population showed smaller spatial separations between nearest neighbours than the old cluster population indicated that the lifetime of open cluster groupings is most likely comparable to that of the Galactic open cluster population itself. Still even among the old open clusters I could identify groupings, which suggested that the detected structure could be in some cases more long lived as one might think. In this thesis I could only present a pilot study on structures in the Galactic open cluster population, since the data sample used was highly incomplete. For further investigations a far more complete sample would be required. One step in this direction would be to use data from large current surveys, like SDSS, RAVE, Gaia-ESO and VVV, as well as including results from studies on individual clusters. Later the sample can be completed by data from upcoming missions, like Gaia and 4MOST. Future studies using this more complete open cluster sample will reveal the effect of open cluster groupings on star formation theory and their significance for the kinematics, dynamics and evolution of the Milky Way, and thereby of spiral galaxies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Jueppner2014,
  author    = {J{\"u}ppner, Jessica},
  title     = {Characterization of metabolomic dynamics in synchronized Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell cultures and the impact of TOR inhibition on cell cycle, proliferation and growth},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76923},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VI, 153},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The adaptation of cell growth and proliferation to environmental changes is essential for the surviving of biological systems. The evolutionary conserved Ser/Thr protein kinase "Target of Rapamycin" (TOR) has emerged as a major signaling node that integrates the sensing of numerous growth signals to the coordinated regulation of cellular metabolism and growth. Although the TOR signaling pathway has been widely studied in heterotrophic organisms, the research on TOR in photosynthetic eukaryotes has been hampered by the reported land plant resistance to rapamycin. Thus, the finding that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is sensitive to rapamycin, establish this unicellular green alga as a useful model system to investigate TOR signaling in photosynthetic eukaryotes. The observation that rapamycin does not fully arrest Chlamydomonas growth, which is different from observations made in other organisms, prompted us to investigate the regulatory function of TOR in Chlamydomonas in context of the cell cycle. Therefore, a growth system that allowed synchronously growth under widely unperturbed cultivation in a fermenter system was set up and the synchronized cells were characterized in detail. In a highly resolved kinetic study, the synchronized cells were analyzed for their changes in cytological parameters as cell number and size distribution and their starch content. Furthermore, we applied mass spectrometric analysis for profiling of primary and lipid metabolism. This system was then used to analyze the response dynamics of the Chlamydomonas metabolome and lipidome to TOR-inhibition by rapamycin The results show that TOR inhibition reduces cell growth, delays cell division and daughter cell release and results in a 50\% reduced cell number at the end of the cell cycle. Consistent with the growth phenotype we observed strong changes in carbon and nitrogen partitioning in the direction of rapid conversion into carbon and nitrogen storage through an accumulation of starch, triacylglycerol and arginine. Interestingly, it seems that the conversion of carbon into triacylglycerol occurred faster than into starch after TOR inhibition, which may indicate a more dominant role of TOR in the regulation of TAG biosynthesis than in the regulation of starch. This study clearly shows, for the first time, a complex picture of metabolic and lipidomic dynamically changes during the cell cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and furthermore reveals a complex regulation and adjustment of metabolite pools and lipid composition in response to TOR inhibition.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ShinCherstvyMetzler2014,
  author    = {Shin, Jaeoh and Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Metzler, Ralf},
  title     = {Kinetics of polymer looping with macromolecular crowding: effects of volume fraction and crowder size},
  publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76961},
  pages     = {472 -- 488},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The looping of polymers such as DNA is a fundamental process in the molecular biology of living cells, whose interior is characterised by a high degree of molecular crowding. We here investigate in detail the looping dynamics of flexible polymer chains in the presence of different degrees of crowding. From the analysis of the looping-unlooping rates and the looping probabilities of the chain ends we show that the presence of small crowders typically slows down the chain dynamics but larger crowders may in fact facilitate the looping. We rationalise these non-trivial and often counterintuitive effects of the crowder size on the looping kinetics in terms of an effective solution viscosity and standard excluded volume. It is shown that for small crowders the effect of an increased viscosity dominates, while for big crowders we argue that confinement effects (caging) prevail. The tradeoff between both trends can thus result in the impediment or facilitation of polymer looping, depending on the crowder size. We also examine how the crowding volume fraction, chain length, and the attraction strength of the contact groups of the polymer chain affect the looping kinetics and hairpin formation dynamics. Our results are relevant for DNA looping in the absence and presence of protein mediation, DNA hairpin formation, RNA folding, and the folding of polypeptide chains under biologically relevant high-crowding conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Scheinemann2014,
  author    = {Scheinemann, Hendrik Alexander},
  title     = {Hygienisierung von Rinderg{\"u}lle und Kl{\"a}rschl{\"a}mmen mittels milchsaurer Fermentation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77949},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xviii, 172},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Tierische und menschliche F{\"a}kalien aus Landwirtschaft und Haushalten enthalten zahlreiche obligat und opportunistisch pathogene Mikroorganismen, deren Konzentration u. a. je nach Gesundheitszustand der betrachteten Gruppe schwankt. Neben den Krankheitserregern enthalten F{\"a}kalien aber auch essentielle Pflanzenn{\"a}hrstoffe (276) und dienen seit Jahrtausenden (63) als D{\"u}nger f{\"u}r Feldfr{\"u}chte. Mit der unbedarften Verwendung von pathogenbelastetem F{\"a}kald{\"u}nger steigt jedoch auch das Risiko einer Infektion von Mensch und Tier. Diese Gefahr erh{\"o}ht sich mit der globalen Vernetzung der Landwirtschaft, z. B. durch den Import von kontaminierten Futter- bzw. Lebensmitteln (29). Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt die milchsaure Fermentation von Rinderg{\"u}lle und Kl{\"a}rschlamm als alternative Hygienisierungsmethode gegen{\"u}ber der Pasteurisation in Biogasanlagen bzw. gebr{\"a}uchlichen Kompostierung vor. Dabei wird ein Abfall der Gram-negativen Bakterienflora sowie der Enterokokken, Schimmel- und Hefepilze unter die Nachweisgrenze von 3 log10KbE/g beobachtet, gleichzeitig steigt die Konzentration der Lactobacillaceae um das Tausendfache. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wird gezeigt, dass pathogene Bakterien wie Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, EHEC O:157 und vegetative Clostridum perfringens-Zellen innerhalb von 3 Tagen inaktiviert werden. Die Inaktivierung von ECBO-Viren und Spulwurmeiern erfolgt innerhalb von 7 bzw. 56 Tagen. Zur Aufkl{\"a}rung der Ursache der beobachteten Hygienisierung wurde das fermentierte Material auf fl{\"u}chtige Fetts{\"a}uren sowie pH-Wert{\"a}nderungen untersucht. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass die gemessenen Werte nicht die alleinige Ursache f{\"u}r das Absterben der Erreger sind, vielmehr wird eine zus{\"a}tzliche bakterizide Wirkung durch eine mutmaßliche Bildung von Bakteriozinen in Betracht gezogen. Die parasitizide Wirkung wird auf die physikalischen Bedingungen der Fermentation zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt. Die methodischen Grundlagen basieren auf Analysen mittels zahlreicher klassisch-kultureller Verfahren, wie z. B. der Lebendkeimzahlbestimmung. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus findet die MALDI-TOF-Massenspektrometrie und die klassische PCR in Kombination mit der Gradienten-Gelelektrophorese Anwendung, um kultivierbare Bakterienfloren zu beschreiben bzw. nicht kultivierbare Bakterienfloren stichprobenartig zu erfassen. Neben den Aspekten der Hygienisierung wird zudem die Eignung der Methode f{\"u}r die landwirtschaftliche Nutzung ber{\"u}cksichtigt. Dies findet sich insbesondere in der Komposition des zu fermentierenden Materials wieder, welches f{\"u}r die verst{\"a}rkte Humusakkumulation im Ackerboden optimiert wurde. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wird die Masseverlustbilanz w{\"a}hrend der milchsauren Fermentation mit denen der Kompostierung sowie der Verarbeitung in der Biogasanlage verglichen und als positiv bewertet, da sie mit insgesamt 2,45 \% sehr deutlich unter den bisherigen Alternativen liegt (73, 138, 458). Weniger Verluste an organischem Material w{\"a}hrend der Hygienisierung f{\"u}hren zu einer gr{\"o}ßeren verwendbaren D{\"u}ngermenge, die auf Grund ihres organischen Ursprungs zu einer Verst{\"a}rkung des Humusanteiles im Ackerboden beitragen kann (56, 132).},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Voland2014,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Voland, Patrick},
  title     = {Webbasierte Visualisierung von Extended Floating Car Data (XFCD)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-96751},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 176},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Moderne Kraftfahrzeuge verf{\"u}gen {\"u}ber eine Vielzahl an Sensoren, welche f{\"u}r einen reibungslosen technischen Betrieb ben{\"o}tigt werden. Hierzu z{\"a}hlen neben fahrzeugspezifischen Sensoren (wie z.B. Motordrehzahl und Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit) auch umweltspezifische Sensoren (wie z.B. Luftdruck und Umgebungstemperatur). Durch die zunehmende technische Vernetzung wird es m{\"o}glich, diese Daten der Kraftfahrzeugelektronik aus dem Fahrzeug heraus f{\"u}r die verschiedensten Zwecke zu verwenden. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll einen Beitrag dazu leisten, diese neue Art an massenhaften Daten im Sinne des Konzepts der „Extended Floating Car Data" (XFCD) als Geoinformationen nutzbar zu machen und diese f{\"u}r raumzeitliche Visualisierungen (zur visuellen Analyse) anwenden zu k{\"o}nnen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird speziell die Perspektive des Umwelt- und Verkehrsmonitoring betrachtet, wobei die Anforderungen und Potentiale mit Hilfe von Experteninterviews untersucht werden. Es stellt sich die Frage, welche Daten durch die Kraftfahrzeugelektronik geliefert und wie diese m{\"o}glichst automatisiert erfasst, verarbeitet, visualisiert und {\"o}ffentlich bereitgestellt werden k{\"o}nnen. Neben theoretischen und technischen Grundlagen zur Datenerfassung und -nutzung liegt der Fokus auf den Methoden der kartographischen Visualisierung. Dabei soll der Frage nachgegangenen werden, ob eine technische Implementierung ausschließlich unter Verwendung von Open Source Software m{\"o}glich ist. Das Ziel der Arbeit bildet ein zweigliedriger Ansatz, welcher zum einen die Visualisierung f{\"u}r ein exemplarisch gew{\"a}hltes Anwendungsszenario und zum anderen die prototypische Implementierung von der Datenerfassung im Fahrzeug unter Verwendung der gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen „On Board Diagnose"-Schnittstelle und einem Smartphone-gest{\"u}tzten Ablauf bis zur webbasierten Visualisierung umfasst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@unpublished{FedchenkoTarkhanov2014,
  author    = {Fedchenko, Dmitry and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich},
  title     = {An index formula for Toeplitz operators},
  volume    = {3},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72499},
  pages     = {24},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {We prove a Fedosov index formula for the index of Toeplitz operators connected with the Hardy space of solutions to an elliptic system of first order partial differential equations in a bounded domain of Euclidean space with infinitely differentiable boundary.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Balzer2014,
  author    = {Balzer, Arnim},
  title     = {Crab flare observations with H.E.S.S. phase II},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72545},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The H.E.S.S. array is a third generation Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) array. It is located in the Khomas Highland in Namibia, and measures very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays. In Phase I, the array started data taking in 2004 with its four identical 13 m telescopes. Since then, H.E.S.S. has emerged as the most successful IACT experiment to date. Among the almost 150 sources of VHE gamma-ray radiation found so far, even the oldest detection, the Crab Nebula, keeps surprising the scientific community with unexplained phenomena such as the recently discovered very energetic flares of high energy gamma-ray radiation. During its most recent flare, which was detected by the Fermi satellite in March 2013, the Crab Nebula was simultaneously observed with the H.E.S.S. array for six nights. The results of the observations will be discussed in detail during the course of this work. During the nights of the flare, the new 24 m × 32 m H.E.S.S. II telescope was still being commissioned, but participated in the data taking for one night. To be able to reconstruct and analyze the data of the H.E.S.S. Phase II array, the algorithms and software used by the H.E.S.S. Phase I array had to be adapted. The most prominent advanced shower reconstruction technique developed by de Naurois and Rolland, the template-based model analysis, compares real shower images taken by the Cherenkov telescope cameras with shower templates obtained using a semi-analytical model. To find the best fitting image, and, therefore, the relevant parameters that describe the air shower best, a pixel-wise log-likelihood fit is done. The adaptation of this advanced shower reconstruction technique to the heterogeneous H.E.S.S. Phase II array for stereo events (i.e. air showers seen by at least two telescopes of any kind), its performance using MonteCarlo simulations as well as its application to real data will be described.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Faivre2014,
  author    = {Faivre, Damien},
  title     = {Biological and biomimetic formation and organization of magnetic nanoparticles},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72022},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Biological materials have ever been used by humans because of their remarkable properties. This is surprising since the materials are formed under physiological conditions and with commonplace constituents. Nature thus not only provides us with inspiration for designing new materials but also teaches us how to use soft molecules to tune interparticle and external forces to structure and assemble simple building blocks into functional entities. Magnetotactic bacteria and their chain of magnetosomes represent a striking example of such an accomplishment where a very simple living organism controls the properties of inorganics via organics at the nanometer-scale to form a single magnetic dipole that orients the cell in the Earth magnetic field lines. My group has developed a biological and a bio-inspired research based on these bacteria. My research, at the interface between chemistry, materials science, physics, and biology focuses on how biological systems synthesize, organize and use minerals. We apply the design principles to sustainably form hierarchical materials with controlled properties that can be used e.g. as magnetically directed nanodevices towards applications in sensing, actuating, and transport. In this thesis, I thus first present how magnetotactic bacteria intracellularly form magnetosomes and assemble them in chains. I developed an assay, where cells can be switched from magnetic to non-magnetic states. This enabled to study the dynamics of magnetosome and magnetosome chain formation. We found that the magnetosomes nucleate within minutes whereas chains assembles within hours. Magnetosome formation necessitates iron uptake as ferrous or ferric ions. The transport of the ions within the cell leads to the formation of a ferritin-like intermediate, which subsequently is transported and transformed within the magnetosome organelle in a ferrihydrite-like precursor. Finally, magnetite crystals nucleate and grow toward their mature dimension. In addition, I show that the magnetosome assembly displays hierarchically ordered nano- and microstructures over several levels, enabling the coordinated alignment and motility of entire populations of cells. The magnetosomes are indeed composed of structurally pure magnetite. The organelles are partly composed of proteins, which role is crucial for the properties of the magnetosomes. As an example, we showed how the protein MmsF is involved in the control of magnetosome size and morphology. We have further shown by 2D X-ray diffraction that the magnetosome particles are aligned along the same direction in the magnetosome chain. We then show how magnetic properties of the nascent magnetosome influence the alignment of the particles, and how the proteins MamJ and MamK coordinate this assembly. We propose a theoretical approach, which suggests that biological forces are more important than physical ones for the chain formation. All these studies thus show how magnetosome formation and organization are under strict biological control, which is associated with unprecedented material properties. Finally, we show that the magnetosome chain enables the cells to find their preferred oxygen conditions if the magnetic field is present. The synthetic part of this work shows how the understanding of the design principles of magnetosome formation enabled me to perform biomimetic synthesis of magnetite particles within the highly desired size range of 25 to 100 nm. Nucleation and growth of such particles are based on aggregation of iron colloids termed primary particles as imaged by cryo-high resolution TEM. I show how additives influence magnetite formation and properties. In particular, MamP, a so-called magnetochrome proteins involved in the magnetosome formation in vivo, enables the in vitro formation of magnetite nanoparticles exclusively from ferrous iron by controlling the redox state of the process. Negatively charged additives, such as MamJ, retard magnetite nucleation in vitro, probably by interacting with the iron ions. Other additives such as e.g. polyarginine can be used to control the colloidal stability of stable-single domain sized nanoparticles. Finally, I show how we can "glue" magnetic nanoparticles to form propellers that can be actuated and swim with the help of external magnetic fields. We propose a simple theory to explain the observed movement. We can use the theoretical framework to design experimental conditions to sort out the propellers depending on their size and effectively confirm this prediction experimentally. Thereby, we could image propellers with size down to 290 nm in their longer dimension, much smaller than what perform so far.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Steinert2014,
  author    = {Steinert, Bastian},
  title     = {Built-in recovery support for explorative programming},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71305},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {This work introduces concepts and corresponding tool support to enable a complementary approach in dealing with recovery. Programmers need to recover a development state, or a part thereof, when previously made changes reveal undesired implications. However, when the need arises suddenly and unexpectedly, recovery often involves expensive and tedious work. To avoid tedious work, literature recommends keeping away from unexpected recovery demands by following a structured and disciplined approach, which consists of the application of various best practices including working only on one thing at a time, performing small steps, as well as making proper use of versioning and testing tools. However, the attempt to avoid unexpected recovery is both time-consuming and error-prone. On the one hand, it requires disproportionate effort to minimize the risk of unexpected situations. On the other hand, applying recommended practices selectively, which saves time, can hardly avoid recovery. In addition, the constant need for foresight and self-control has unfavorable implications. It is exhaustive and impedes creative problem solving. This work proposes to make recovery fast and easy and introduces corresponding support called CoExist. Such dedicated support turns situations of unanticipated recovery from tedious experiences into pleasant ones. It makes recovery fast and easy to accomplish, even if explicit commits are unavailable or tests have been ignored for some time. When mistakes and unexpected insights are no longer associated with tedious corrective actions, programmers are encouraged to change source code as a means to reason about it, as opposed to making changes only after structuring and evaluating them mentally. This work further reports on an implementation of the proposed tool support in the Squeak/Smalltalk development environment. The development of the tools has been accompanied by regular performance and usability tests. In addition, this work investigates whether the proposed tools affect programmers' performance. In a controlled lab study, 22 participants improved the design of two different applications. Using a repeated measurement setup, the study examined the effect of providing CoExist on programming performance. The result of analyzing 88 hours of programming suggests that built-in recovery support as provided with CoExist positively has a positive effect on programming performance in explorative programming tasks.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ermeydan2014,
  author    = {Ermeydan, Mahmut Ali},
  title     = {Wood cell wall modification with hydrophobic molecules},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71325},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Wood is used for many applications because of its excellent mechanical properties, relative abundance and as it is a renewable resource. However, its wider utilization as an engineering material is limited because it swells and shrinks upon moisture changes and is susceptible to degradation by microorganisms and/or insects. Chemical modifications of wood have been shown to improve dimensional stability, water repellence and/or durability, thus increasing potential service-life of wood materials. However current treatments are limited because it is difficult to introduce and fix such modifications deep inside the tissue and cell wall. Within the scope of this thesis, novel chemical modification methods of wood cell walls were developed to improve both dimensional stability and water repellence of wood material. These methods were partly inspired by the heartwood formation in living trees, a process, that for some species results in an insertion of hydrophobic chemical substances into the cell walls of already dead wood cells, In the first part of this thesis a chemistry to modify wood cell walls was used, which was inspired by the natural process of heartwood formation. Commercially available hydrophobic flavonoid molecules were effectively inserted in the cell walls of spruce, a softwood species with low natural durability, after a tosylation treatment to obtain "artificial heartwood". Flavonoid inserted cell walls show a reduced moisture absorption, resulting in better dimensional stability, water repellency and increased hardness. This approach was quite different compared to established modifications which mainly address hydroxyl groups of cell wall polymers with hydrophilic substances. In the second part of the work in-situ styrene polymerization inside the tosylated cell walls was studied. It is known that there is a weak adhesion between hydrophobic polymers and hydrophilic cell wall components. The hydrophobic styrene monomers were inserted into the tosylated wood cell walls for further polymerization to form polystyrene in the cell walls, which increased the dimensional stability of the bulk wood material and reduced water uptake of the cell walls considerably when compared to controls. In the third part of the work, grafting of another hydrophobic and also biodegradable polymer, poly(ɛ-caprolactone) in the wood cell walls by ring opening polymerization of ɛ-caprolactone was studied at mild temperatures. Results indicated that polycaprolactone attached into the cell walls, caused permanent swelling of the cell walls up to 5\%. Dimensional stability of the bulk wood material increased 40\% and water absorption reduced more than 35\%. A fully biodegradable and hydrophobized wood material was obtained with this method which reduces disposal problem of the modified wood materials and has improved properties to extend the material's service-life. Starting from a bio-inspired approach which showed great promise as an alternative to standard cell wall modifications we showed the possibility of inserting hydrophobic molecules in the cell walls and supported this fact with in-situ styrene and ɛ-caprolactone polymerization into the cell walls. It was shown in this thesis that despite the extensive knowledge and long history of using wood as a material there is still room for novel chemical modifications which could have a high impact on improving wood properties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Fischer2014,
  author    = {Fischer, Jost Leonhardt},
  title     = {Nichtlineare Kopplungsmechanismen akustischer Oszillatoren am Beispiel der Synchronisation von Orgelpfeifen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71975},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In dieser Arbeit werden nichtlineare Kopplungsmechanismen von akustischen Oszillatoren untersucht, die zu Synchronisation f{\"u}hren k{\"o}nnen. Aufbauend auf die Fragestellungen vorangegangener Arbeiten werden mit Hilfe theoretischer und experimenteller Studien sowie mit Hilfe numerischer Simulationen die Elemente der Tonentstehung in der Orgelpfeife und die Mechanismen der gegenseitigen Wechselwirkung von Orgelpfeifen identifiziert. Daraus wird erstmalig ein vollst{\"a}ndig auf den aeroakustischen und fluiddynamischen Grundprinzipien basierendes nichtlinear gekoppeltes Modell selbst-erregter Oszillatoren f{\"u}r die Beschreibung des Verhaltens zweier wechselwirkender Orgelpfeifen entwickelt. Die durchgef{\"u}hrten Modellrechnungen werden mit den experimentellen Befunden verglichen. Es zeigt sich, dass die Tonentstehung und die Kopplungsmechanismen von Orgelpfeifen durch das entwickelte Oszillatormodell in weiten Teilen richtig beschrieben werden. Insbesondere kann damit die Ursache f{\"u}r den nichtlinearen Zusammenhang von Kopplungsst{\"a}rke und Synchronisation des gekoppelten Zwei-Pfeifen Systems, welcher sich in einem nichtlinearen Verlauf der Arnoldzunge darstellt, gekl{\"a}rt werden. Mit den gewonnenen Erkenntnissen wird der Einfluss des Raumes auf die Tonentstehung bei Orgelpfeifen betrachtet. Daf{\"u}r werden numerische Simulationen der Wechselwirkung einer Orgelpfeife mit verschiedenen Raumgeometrien, wie z. B. ebene, konvexe, konkave, und gezahnte Geometrien, exemplarisch untersucht. Auch der Einfluss von Schwellk{\"a}sten auf die Tonentstehung und die Klangbildung der Orgelpfeife wird studiert. In weiteren, neuartigen Synchronisationsexperimenten mit identisch gestimmten Orgelpfeifen, sowie mit Mixturen wird die Synchronisation f{\"u}r verschiedene, horizontale und vertikale Pfeifenabst{\"a}nde in der Ebene der Schallabstrahlung, untersucht. Die dabei erstmalig beobachteten r{\"a}umlich isotropen Unstetigkeiten im Schwingungsverhalten der gekoppelten Pfeifensysteme, deuten auf abstandsabh{\"a}ngige Wechsel zwischen gegen- und gleichphasigen Sychronisationsregimen hin. Abschließend wird die M{\"o}glichkeit dokumentiert, das Ph{\"a}nomen der Synchronisation zweier Orgelpfeifen durch numerische Simulationen, also der Behandlung der kompressiblen Navier-Stokes Gleichungen mit entsprechenden Rand- und Anfangsbedingungen, realit{\"a}tsnah abzubilden. Auch dies stellt ein Novum dar.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Dyachenko2014,
  author    = {Dyachenko, Evgeniya},
  title     = {Elliptic problems with small parameter},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72056},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In this thesis we consider diverse aspects of existence and correctness of asymptotic solutions to elliptic differential and pseudodifferential equations. We begin our studies with the case of a general elliptic boundary value problem in partial derivatives. A small parameter enters the coefficients of the main equation as well as into the boundary conditions. Such equations have already been investigated satisfactory, but there still exist certain theoretical deficiencies. Our aim is to present the general theory of elliptic problems with a small parameter. For this purpose we examine in detail the case of a bounded domain with a smooth boundary. First of all, we construct formal solutions as power series in the small parameter. Then we examine their asymptotic properties. It suffices to carry out sharp two-sided \emph{a priori} estimates for the operators of boundary value problems which are uniform in the small parameter. Such estimates failed to hold in functional spaces used in classical elliptic theory. To circumvent this limitation we exploit norms depending on the small parameter for the functions defined on a bounded domain. Similar norms are widely used in literature, but their properties have not been investigated extensively. Our theoretical investigation shows that the usual elliptic technique can be correctly carried out in these norms. The obtained results also allow one to extend the norms to compact manifolds with boundaries. We complete our investigation by formulating algebraic conditions on the operators and showing their equivalence to the existence of a priori estimates. In the second step, we extend the concept of ellipticity with a small parameter to more general classes of operators. Firstly, we want to compare the difference in asymptotic patterns between the obtained series and expansions for similar differential problems. Therefore we investigate the heat equation in a bounded domain with a small parameter near the time derivative. In this case the characteristics touch the boundary at a finite number of points. It is known that the solutions are not regular in a neighbourhood of such points in advance. We suppose moreover that the boundary at such points can be non-smooth but have cuspidal singularities. We find a formal asymptotic expansion and show that when a set of parameters comes through a threshold value, the expansions fail to be asymptotic. The last part of the work is devoted to general concept of ellipticity with a small parameter. Several theoretical extensions to pseudodifferential operators have already been suggested in previous studies. As a new contribution we involve the analysis on manifolds with edge singularities which allows us to consider wider classes of perturbed elliptic operators. We examine that introduced classes possess a priori estimates of elliptic type. As a further application we demonstrate how developed tools can be used to reduce singularly perturbed problems to regular ones.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Girbig2014,
  author    = {Girbig, Dorothee},
  title     = {Analysing concerted criteria for local dynamic properties of metabolic systems},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72017},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Metabolic systems tend to exhibit steady states that can be measured in terms of their concentrations and fluxes. These measurements can be regarded as a phenotypic representation of all the complex interactions and regulatory mechanisms taking place in the underlying metabolic network. Such interactions determine the system's response to external perturbations and are responsible, for example, for its asymptotic stability or for oscillatory trajectories around the steady state. However, determining these perturbation responses in the absence of fully specified kinetic models remains an important challenge of computational systems biology. Structural kinetic modeling (SKM) is a framework to analyse whether a metabolic steady state remains stable under perturbation, without requiring detailed knowledge about individual rate equations. It provides a parameterised representation of the system's Jacobian matrix in which the model parameters encode information about the enzyme-metabolite interactions. Stability criteria can be derived by generating a large number of structural kinetic models (SK-models) with randomly sampled parameter sets and evaluating the resulting Jacobian matrices. The parameter space can be analysed statistically in order to detect network positions that contribute significantly to the perturbation response. Because the sampled parameters are equivalent to the elasticities used in metabolic control analysis (MCA), the results are easy to interpret biologically. In this project, the SKM framework was extended by several novel methodological improvements. These improvements were evaluated in a simulation study using a set of small example pathways with simple Michaelis Menten rate laws. Afterwards, a detailed analysis of the dynamic properties of the neuronal TCA cycle was performed in order to demonstrate how the new insights obtained in this work could be used for the study of complex metabolic systems. The first improvement was achieved by examining the biological feasibility of the elasticity combinations created during Monte Carlo sampling. Using a set of small example systems, the findings showed that the majority of sampled SK-models would yield negative kinetic parameters if they were translated back into kinetic models. To overcome this problem, a simple criterion was formulated that mitigates such infeasible models and the application of this criterion changed the conclusions of the SKM experiment. The second improvement of this work was the application of supervised machine-learning approaches in order to analyse SKM experiments. So far, SKM experiments have focused on the detection of individual enzymes to identify single reactions important for maintaining the stability or oscillatory trajectories. In this work, this approach was extended by demonstrating how SKM enables the detection of ensembles of enzymes or metabolites that act together in an orchestrated manner to coordinate the pathways response to perturbations. In doing so, stable and unstable states served as class labels, and classifiers were trained to detect elasticity regions associated with stability and instability. Classification was performed using decision trees and relevance vector machines (RVMs). The decision trees produced good classification accuracy in terms of model bias and generalizability. RVMs outperformed decision trees when applied to small models, but encountered severe problems when applied to larger systems because of their high runtime requirements. The decision tree rulesets were analysed statistically and individually in order to explore the role of individual enzymes or metabolites in controlling the system's trajectories around steady states. The third improvement of this work was the establishment of a relationship between the SKM framework and the related field of MCA. In particular, it was shown how the sampled elasticities could be converted to flux control coefficients, which were then investigated for their predictive information content in classifier training. After evaluation on the small example pathways, the methodology was used to study two steady states of the neuronal TCA cycle with respect to their intrinsic mechanisms responsible for stability or instability. The findings showed that several elasticities were jointly coordinated to control stability and that the main source for potential instabilities were mutations in the enzyme alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schollaen2014,
  author    = {Schollaen, Karina},
  title     = {Tracking climate signals in tropical trees},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71947},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The tropical warm pool waters surrounding Indonesia are one of the equatorial heat and moisture sources that are considered as a driving force of the global climate system. The climate in Indonesia is dominated by the equatorial monsoon system, and has been linked to El Ni{\~n}o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, which often result in severe droughts or floods over Indonesia with profound societal and economic impacts on the populations living in the world's fourth most populated country. The latest IPCC report states that ENSO will remain the dominant mode in the tropical Pacific with global effects in the 21st century and ENSO-related precipitation extremes will intensify. However, no common agreement exists among climate simulation models for projected change in ENSO and the Australian-Indonesian Monsoon. Exploring high-resolution palaeoclimate archives, like tree rings or varved lake sediments, provide insights into the natural climate variability of the past, and thus helps improving and validating simulations of future climate changes. Centennial tree-ring stable isotope records | Within this doctoral thesis the main goal was to explore the potential of tropical tree rings to record climate signals and to use them as palaeoclimate proxies. In detail, stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopes were extracted from teak trees in order to establish the first well-replicated centennial (AD 1900-2007) stable isotope records for Java, Indonesia. Furthermore, different climatic variables were tested whether they show significant correlation with tree-ring proxies (ring-width, δ13C, δ18O). Moreover, highly resolved intra-annual oxygen isotope data were established to assess the transfer of the seasonal precipitation signal into the tree rings. Finally, the established oxygen isotope record was used to reveal possible correlations with ENSO events. Methodological achievements | A second goal of this thesis was to assess the applicability of novel techniques which facilitate and optimize high-resolution and high-throughput stable isotope analysis of tree rings. Two different UV-laser-based microscopic dissection systems were evaluated as a novel sampling tool for high-resolution stable isotope analysis. Furthermore, an improved procedure of tree-ring dissection from thin cellulose laths for stable isotope analysis was designed. The most important findings of this thesis are: I) The herein presented novel sampling techniques improve stable isotope analyses for tree-ring studies in terms of precision, efficiency and quality. The UV-laser-based microdissection serve as a valuable tool for sampling plant tissue at ultrahigh-resolution and for unprecedented precision. II) A guideline for a modified method of cellulose extraction from wholewood cross-sections and subsequent tree-ring dissection was established. The novel technique optimizes the stable isotope analysis process in two ways: faster and high-throughput cellulose extraction and precise tree-ring separation at annual to high-resolution scale. III) The centennial tree-ring stable isotope records reveal significant correlation with regional precipitation. High-resolution stable oxygen values, furthermore, allow distinguishing between dry and rainy season rainfall. IV) The δ18O record reveals significant correlation with different ENSO flavors and demonstrates the importance of considering ENSO flavors when interpreting palaeoclimatic data in the tropics. The findings of my dissertation show that seasonally resolved δ18O records from Indonesian teak trees are a valuable proxy for multi-centennial reconstructions of regional precipitation variability (monsoon signals) and large-scale ocean-atmosphere phenomena (ENSO) for the Indo-Pacific region. Furthermore, the novel methodological achievements offer many unexplored avenues for multidisciplinary research in high-resolution palaeoclimatology.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{OPUS4-6950,
  title     = {K{\"u}che und Kultur in der Slavia : eigenes und Fremdes im ausgehenden 20. Jahrhundert},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  organization    = {Franz, Norbert (Hrsg.) , Frieß, Nina (Hrsg.)},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-299-5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71290},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {305},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Der vorliegende Band vereint thematisch auf das Essen bezogene Beitr{\"a}ge aus der slavistischen Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft. Er zeigt das seit einigen Jahren artikulierte Interesse an dem Thema ohne dieses gleich zu einem „culinary turn" stilisieren zu wollen. Das Essen ist - analysiert man die Pr{\"a}senz des Themas in Literatur, Film und anderen Medien der Hochkultur - ein Bereich, in und mit dem allgemeinere kulturelle und soziale Prozesse besonders anschaulich gezeigt werden k{\"o}nnen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Biegholdt2014,
  author    = {Biegholdt, Georg},
  title     = {Theorie und Praxis der Lerngruppensprache im Musikunterricht},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69657},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Der Umgang mit der musikalischen Fachsprache wird in den meisten Lehrpl{\"a}nen f{\"u}r den Musikunterricht der Sekundarstufe I gefordert. Allerdings fehlt nicht nur in den Lehrpl{\"a}nen, sondern auch in der musikdidaktischen Literatur eine inhaltliche Ausgestaltung dieser Forderung. {\"U}ber Inhalt, Umfang und Ziel der in der Schule anzuwendenden musikalischen Fachsprache herrscht daher keine Klarheit. Empirische Untersuchungen zu den sprachlichen Inhalten im Musikunterricht liegen ebenfalls nicht vor. Auch in vielen anderen Unterrichtsf{\"a}chern ist die Forschungslage die sprachlichen Inhalte betreffend {\"u}berschaubar. Mit der Verwendung von Sprache sind jedoch nicht nur Kommunikationsprozesse verbunden, sondern gleichzeitig Lernprozesse innerhalb der Sprache, von der Wortschatzerweiterung bis zur Herstellung von inhaltlich-thematischen Zusammenh{\"a}ngen. Diese Lernprozesse werden beeinflusst von der Wortwahl der Lernenden und Lehrenden. Die Wortwahl der Lernenden l{\"a}sst gleichzeitig einen Schluss zu auf den Stand des Wissens und dessen Vernetzung. Auf dieser Basis ist der sprachliche Inhalt des Musikunterrichtes der Gegenstand der vorgelegten Arbeit. Ziel der Studie war herauszu¬finden, inwieweit es gelingen kann, durch die Art und Weise des Einsatzes und den Umfang von Fachsprache im Musikunterricht Lernprozesse effektiver und erfolgreicher zu gestalten und besser an Gegenwarts- und Zukunftsbed{\"u}rfnissen der Lernenden auszurichten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Wilde2014,
  author    = {Wilde, Anja},
  title     = {Auspr{\"a}gungen r{\"a}umlicher Identit{\"a}t in ehemaligen sudetendeutschen Gebieten der Tschechischen Republik},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-311-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-70247},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVI, 395},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Das tschechische Grenzgebiet ist eine der Regionen in Europa, die in der Folge des Zweiten Weltkrieges am gravierendsten von Umbr{\"u}chen in der zuvor bestehenden Bev{\"o}lkerungsstruktur betroffen waren. Der erzwungenen Aussiedlung eines Großteils der ans{\"a}ssigen Bev{\"o}lkerung folgten die Neubesiedlung durch verschiedenste Zuwanderergruppen sowie teilweise langanhaltende Fluktuationen der Einwohnerschaft. Die Stabilisierung der Bev{\"o}lkerung stand sodann unter dem Zeichen der sozialistischen Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsordnung, die die Lebensweise und Raumwahrnehmung der neuen Einwohner nachhaltig pr{\"a}gte. Die Grenz{\"o}ffnung von 1989, die politische Transformation sowie die Integration der Tschechischen Republik in die Europ{\"a}ische Union brachten neue demographische und sozio{\"o}konomische Entwicklungen mit sich. Sie schufen aber auch die Bedingungen daf{\"u}r, sich neu und offen auch mit der spezifischen Geschichte des ehemaligen Sudetenlandes sowie mit dem Zustand der gegenw{\"a}rtigen Gesellschaft in diesem Gebiet auseinanderzusetzen. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wird anhand zweier Beispielregionen untersucht, welche Raumvorstellungen und Raumbindungen bei der heute in den ehemaligen sudetendeutschen Gebieten ans{\"a}ssigen Bev{\"o}lkerung vorhanden sind und welche Einfl{\"u}sse die unterschiedlichen raumstrukturellen Bedingungen darauf aus{\"u}ben. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die soziale Komponente der Auspr{\"a}gung r{\"a}umlicher Identit{\"a}t gelegt, das heißt auf die Rolle von Bedeutungszuweisungen gegen{\"u}ber Raumelementen im Rahmen sozialer Kommunikation und Interaktion. Dies erscheint von besonderer Relevanz in einem Raum, der sich durch eine gewisse Heterogenit{\"a}t seiner Einwohnerschaft hinsichtlich ihres ethnischen, kulturellen beziehungsweise biographischen Hintergrundes auszeichnet. Schließlich wird ermittelt, welche Impulse unter Umst{\"a}nden von einer ausgepr{\"a}gten r{\"a}umlichen Identit{\"a}t f{\"u}r die Entwicklung des Raumes ausgehen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Berdzinski2014,
  author    = {Berdzinski, Stefan},
  title     = {Photoinduzierte radikalische Polymerisation in ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten und der Einfluss der Radikalrekombination},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72582},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 114},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt Untersuchungen zum Einfluss ionischer Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten sowohl auf den Rekombinationsprozess photolytisch generierter Lophylradikale als auch auf die photoinduzierte Polymerisation. Im Fokus standen hierbei pyrrolidiniumbasierte ionische Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten sowie polymerisierbare imidazoliumbasierte ionische Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten. Mittels UV-Vis-Spektroskopie wurde in den ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten im Vergleich zu ausgew{\"a}hlten organischen L{\"o}sungsmitteln die Rekombinationskinetik der aus o-Cl-HABI photolytisch generierten Lophylradikale bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen verfolgt und die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten der Radikalrekombination bestimmt. Die Charakterisierung des Rekombinationsprozesses erfolgt dabei insbesondere unter Verwendung der mittels Eyring-Gleichung ermittelten Aktivierungsparameter. Hierbei konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Rekombination der Lophylradikale in den ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten im Gegensatz zu den organischen L{\"o}sungsmitteln zu einem großen Anteil innerhalb des L{\"o}sungsmittelk{\"a}figs erfolgt. Weiterhin wurden f{\"u}r den Einsatz von o-Cl-HABI als Radikalbildner in den photoinduzierten Polymerisationen mehrere m{\"o}gliche Co-Initiatoren {\"u}ber photokalorimetrische Messungen untersucht. Hierbei wurde auch ein neuer Aspekt zur Ketten{\"u}bertragung vom Lophylradikal auf den heterocyclischen Co-Initiator vorgestellt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurden photoinduzierte Polymerisationen unter Einsatz eines Initiatorsystems, bestehend aus o-Cl-HABI als Radikalbildner und einem heterocyclischen Co-Initiator, in den ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten untersucht. Diese Untersuchungen beinhalten zum einen photokalorimetrische Messungen der photoinduzierten Polymerisation von polymerisierbaren imidazoliumbasierten ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten. Zum anderen wurden Untersuchungen zur photoinduzierten Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat in pyrrolidiniumbasierten ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten durchgef{\"u}hrt. Dabei wurden Einflussparameter wie Zeit, Temperatur, Viskosit{\"a}t, L{\"o}sungsmittelk{\"a}figeffekt und die Alkylkettenl{\"a}nge am Kation der ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten auf die Ausbeuten und Molmassen sowie Molmassenverteilungen der Polymere hin untersucht.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{BadoBellingHeroldetal.2014,
  author    = {Bad{\´o}, Attila and Belling, Detlev W. and Herold, Antje and Kneis, Marek and Cheesman, Samantha Joy and Farkas Csamang{\´o}, Erika and Ember, Alex and Hegyes, P{\´e}ter Istv{\´a}n and Nagy, Csongor Istv{\´a}n and Homoki-Nagy, M{\´a}ria and Nagy, Zsolt and Papp, Tekla and Schiffner, Imola and Varga, Norbert},
  title     = {Rechtsentwicklungen aus europ{\"a}ischer Perspektive im 21. Jahrhundert},
  editor    = {Bad{\´o}, Attila and Belling, Detlev W.},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-309-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72260},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {289},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Zwischen den Juristischen Fakult{\"a}ten der Universit{\"a}t Szeged und der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam besteht seit etlichen Jahren eine fruchtbare Kooperation in der Lehre. Durch sie entwickelt sich allm{\"a}hlich eine wissenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit. Gemeinsame Konferenzen und Publikationen sind daf{\"u}r ein Beweis. Der vorliegende Band ist das Resultat dieser Kooperation. Der Buchtitel kennzeichnet das Engagement der ungarischen und der deutschen Juristen sowie die gemeinsamen Werte, welche der europ{\"a}ischen Rechtsentwicklung im 21. Jahrhundert zugrunde liegen und die Dogmatik der verschiedenen Rechtsgebiete verkn{\"u}pfen. Die einzelnen Beitr{\"a}ge legen dabei Zeugnis ab von der ganzen Breite der Interessen der ungarischen und deutschen Juristen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Schmidt2014,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Schmidt, Oliver},
  title     = {Gewaltt{\"a}tiger Protest im Vorm{\"a}rz},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-310-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72253},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {116},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Historisch wie aktuell werden durch gewaltt{\"a}tige soziale Auseinandersetzungen bestehende gesellschaftliche Ordnungen infrage gestellt. In der Geschichtswissenschaft wie in der Soziologie waren Tumulte, Aufst{\"a}nde oder soziale Erhebungen immer wieder Gegenstand von Untersuchungen. W{\"a}hrend der historische Zugriff auf diese Ph{\"a}nomene gew{\"o}hnlich durch detaillierte Beschreibungen historische Abl{\"a}ufe genau zu rekonstruieren versucht hat, um diese verstehen zu k{\"o}nnen, geht es soziologischen Arbeiten zumeist um einen viel st{\"a}rker generalisierenden und erkl{\"a}renden Zugriff. Zwar gab es immer wieder Anl{\"a}ufe, diese scheinbar un{\"u}berbr{\"u}ckbare Differenz zwischen den Disziplinen zu {\"u}berwinden, doch alle die Versuche m{\"u}ssen als mehr oder weniger gescheitert angesehen werden. Nach wie vor gilt deshalb, dass mit der ausschließlichen Konzentration auf die je eigene disziplin{\"a}re Herangehensweise viel Erkenntnispotenzial verschenkt wird. Aus diesem Grund unterbreitet die vorliegende Studie einen neuen Vorschlag, Geschichtswissenschaft und Soziologie zusammenzubringen. Der Verfasser unternimmt hier den Versuch, die beiden vermeintlich so gegens{\"a}tzlichen Auffassungen von Wissenschaftlichkeit {\"u}ber eine gemeinsame methodologische Perspektive zusammenzuf{\"u}hren und auf dieser Grundlage einen vereinten, erkl{\"a}renden Zugriff von Geschichtswissenschaft und Soziologie zu skizzieren, der nach dem „Wie" eines Ereignisses fragt, zugleich aber auch erkl{\"a}ren will, „warum" es dazu gekommen ist. Das vorliegende Buch untersucht auf dieser methodologischen Grundlage und mittels eines historisch-soziologischen Zugangs sozialen Protest im Vorm{\"a}rz, es schließt an Arbeiten der historischen Soziologie und Sozialgeschichte an und entwickelt dazu einen stringenten historisch-soziologischen Erkl{\"a}rungsansatz.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{OPUS4-7051,
  title     = {Potsdamer Lateintage 2011-2013},
  editor    = {G{\"a}rtner, Ursula},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-305-3},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-70513},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {116},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Auch nach Abschluss unseres Brandenburger Antike-Denkwerks (BrAnD) mit dem letzten Durchgang 2010/11 fand jedes Jahr der Potsdamer Lateintag statt ‒ zu ganz unterschiedlichen Themen und mit ca. 500 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmern immer sehr gut besucht: 2011: Antike Geschichtsschreibung, 2012: Tod und Jenseits, 2013: R{\"o}mische Religion. Der Band versammelt die Vortr{\"a}ge dieser vergangenen Veranstaltungen von N. Holzberg, B. Labahn, Chr. Kunst, S. B{\"u}ttner-von St{\"u}lpnagel, V. Rosenberger und D. Šterbenc Erker.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ehlers2014,
  author    = {Ehlers, Nadja},
  title     = {Die Entwicklung der {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlichen Gef{\"a}hrdungshaftung in Deutschland},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72381},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XXIX, 131},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Inhalt der Arbeit ist es, einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die historische Entwicklung der {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlichen Gef{\"a}hrdungshaftung in Deutschland vom 18. Jahrhundert bis heute zu geben sowie ihre praktische Bedeutung zu analysieren. Dabei wird zwischen den unterschiedlichen Gesetzgebungen, Rechtsprechungen und den theoretischen L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tzen der {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlichen Gef{\"a}hrdungshaftung unterschieden und insbesondere letzteres problematisiert. Ferner wird auf das Verh{\"a}ltnis zu den grundrechtlichen Schutzpflichten, den sozialen Risikotatbest{\"a}nden, dem sozialrechtlichen Herstellungsanspruch und den Tumultsch{\"a}den eingegangen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Negri2014,
  author    = {Negri, Michael},
  title     = {How coaches influence referee decisions},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-72247},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {132},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The work elaborates on the question if coaches in non-professional soccer can influence referee decisions. Modeled from a principal-agent perspective, the managing referee boards can be seen as the principal. They aim at facilitating a fair competition which is in accordance with the existing rules and regulations. In doing so, the referees are assigned as impartial agents on the pitch. The coaches take over a non-legitimate principal-like role trying to influence the referees even though they do not have the formal right to do so. Separate questionnaires were set up for referees and coaches. The coach questionnaire aimed at identifying the extent and the forms of influencing attempts by coaches. The referee questionnaire tried to elaborate on the questions if referees take notice of possible influencing attempts and how they react accordingly. The results were put into relation with official match data in order to identify significant influences on personal sanctions (yellow cards, second yellow cards, red cards) and the match result. It is found that there is a slight effect on the referee's decisions. However, this effect is rather disadvantageous for the influencing coach and there is no evidence for an impact on the match result itself.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Tinnefeld2014,
  author    = {Tinnefeld, Christian},
  title     = {Building a columnar database on shared main memory-based storage},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-72063},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {175},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In the field of disk-based parallel database management systems exists a great variety of solutions based on a shared-storage or a shared-nothing architecture. In contrast, main memory-based parallel database management systems are dominated solely by the shared-nothing approach as it preserves the in-memory performance advantage by processing data locally on each server. We argue that this unilateral development is going to cease due to the combination of the following three trends: a) Nowadays network technology features remote direct memory access (RDMA) and narrows the performance gap between accessing main memory inside a server and of a remote server to and even below a single order of magnitude. b) Modern storage systems scale gracefully, are elastic, and provide high-availability. c) A modern storage system such as Stanford's RAMCloud even keeps all data resident in main memory. Exploiting these characteristics in the context of a main-memory parallel database management system is desirable. The advent of RDMA-enabled network technology makes the creation of a parallel main memory DBMS based on a shared-storage approach feasible. This thesis describes building a columnar database on shared main memory-based storage. The thesis discusses the resulting architecture (Part I), the implications on query processing (Part II), and presents an evaluation of the resulting solution in terms of performance, high-availability, and elasticity (Part III). In our architecture, we use Stanford's RAMCloud as shared-storage, and the self-designed and developed in-memory AnalyticsDB as relational query processor on top. AnalyticsDB encapsulates data access and operator execution via an interface which allows seamless switching between local and remote main memory, while RAMCloud provides not only storage capacity, but also processing power. Combining both aspects allows pushing-down the execution of database operators into the storage system. We describe how the columnar data processed by AnalyticsDB is mapped to RAMCloud's key-value data model and how the performance advantages of columnar data storage can be preserved. The combination of fast network technology and the possibility to execute database operators in the storage system opens the discussion for site selection. We construct a system model that allows the estimation of operator execution costs in terms of network transfer, data processed in memory, and wall time. This can be used for database operators that work on one relation at a time - such as a scan or materialize operation - to discuss the site selection problem (data pull vs. operator push). Since a database query translates to the execution of several database operators, it is possible that the optimal site selection varies per operator. For the execution of a database operator that works on two (or more) relations at a time, such as a join, the system model is enriched by additional factors such as the chosen algorithm (e.g. Grace- vs. Distributed Block Nested Loop Join vs. Cyclo-Join), the data partitioning of the respective relations, and their overlapping as well as the allowed resource allocation. We present an evaluation on a cluster with 60 nodes where all nodes are connected via RDMA-enabled network equipment. We show that query processing performance is about 2.4x slower if everything is done via the data pull operator execution strategy (i.e. RAMCloud is being used only for data access) and about 27\% slower if operator execution is also supported inside RAMCloud (in comparison to operating only on main memory inside a server without any network communication at all). The fast-crash recovery feature of RAMCloud can be leveraged to provide high-availability, e.g. a server crash during query execution only delays the query response for about one second. Our solution is elastic in a way that it can adapt to changing workloads a) within seconds, b) without interruption of the ongoing query processing, and c) without manual intervention.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Mauri2014,
  author    = {Mauri, Marco},
  title     = {A model for sigma factor competition in bacterial cells},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-72098},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {167},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Bacteria respond to changing environmental conditions by switching the global pattern of expressed genes. In response to specific environmental stresses the cell activates several stress-specific molecules such as sigma factors. They reversibly bind the RNA polymerase to form the so-called holoenzyme and direct it towards the appropriate stress response genes. In exponentially growing E. coli cells, the majority of the transcriptional activity is carried out by the housekeeping sigma factor, while stress responses are often under the control of alternative sigma factors. Different sigma factors compete for binding to a limited pool of RNA polymerase (RNAP) core enzymes, providing a mechanism for cross talk between genes or gene classes via the sharing of expression machinery. To quantitatively analyze the contribution of sigma factor competition to global changes in gene expression, we develop a thermodynamic model that describes binding between sigma factors and core RNAP at equilibrium, transcription, non-specific binding to DNA and the modulation of the availability of the molecular components. Association of housekeeping sigma factor to RNAP is generally favored by its abundance and higher binding affinity to the core. In order to promote transcription by alternative sigma subunits, the bacterial cell modulates the transcriptional efficiency in a reversible manner through several strategies such as anti-sigma factors, 6S RNA and generally any kind of transcriptional regulators (e.g. activators or inhibitors). By shifting the outcome of sigma factor competition for the core, these modulators bias the transcriptional program of the cell. The model is validated by comparison with in vitro competition experiments, with which excellent agreement is found. We observe that transcription is affected via the modulation of the concentrations of the different types of holoenzymes, so saturated promoters are only weakly affected by sigma factor competition. However, in case of overlapping promoters or promoters recognized by two types of sigma factors, we find that even saturated promoters are strongly affected. Active transcription effectively lowers the affinity between the sigma factor driving it and the core RNAP, resulting in complex cross talk effects and raising the question of how their in vitro measure is relevant in the cell. We also estimate that sigma factor competition is not strongly affected by non-specific binding of core RNAPs, sigma factors, and holoenzymes to DNA. Finally, we analyze the role of increased core RNAP availability upon the shut-down of ribosomal RNA transcription during stringent response. We find that passive up-regulation of alternative sigma-dependent transcription is not only possible, but also displays hypersensitivity based on the sigma factor competition. Our theoretical analysis thus provides support for a significant role of passive control during that global switch of the gene expression program and gives new insights into RNAP partitioning in the cell.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Holler2014,
  author    = {Holler, Markus},
  title     = {Photon reconstruction for the H.E.S.S. 28 m telescope and analysis of Crab Nebula and galactic centre observations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72099},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In the presented thesis, the most advanced photon reconstruction technique of ground-based γ-ray astronomy is adapted to the H.E.S.S. 28 m telescope. The method is based on a semi-analytical model of electromagnetic particle showers in the atmosphere. The properties of cosmic γ-rays are reconstructed by comparing the camera image of the telescope with the Cherenkov emission that is expected from the shower model. To suppress the dominant background from charged cosmic rays, events are selected based on several criteria. The performance of the analysis is evaluated with simulated events. The method is then applied to two sources that are known to emit γ-rays. The first of these is the Crab Nebula, the standard candle of ground-based γ-ray astronomy. The results of this source confirm the expected performance of the reconstruction method, where the much lower energy threshold compared to H.E.S.S. I is of particular importance. A second analysis is performed on the region around the Galactic Centre. The analysis results emphasise the capabilities of the new telescope to measure γ-rays in an energy range that is interesting for both theoretical and experimental astrophysics. The presented analysis features the lowest energy threshold that has ever been reached in ground-based γ-ray astronomy, opening a new window to the precise measurement of the physical properties of time-variable sources at energies of several tens of GeV.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Goldshteyn2014,
  author    = {Goldshteyn, Jewgenij},
  title     = {Frequency-resolved ultrafast dynamics of phonon polariton wavepackets in the ferroelectric crystals LiNbO₃ and LiTaO₃},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-71623},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {During this work I built a four wave mixing setup for the time-resolved femtosecond spectroscopy of Raman-active lattice modes. This setup enables to study the selective excitation of phonon polaritons. These quasi-particles arise from the coupling of electro-magnetic waves and transverse optical lattice modes, the so-called phonons. The phonon polaritons were investigated in the optically non-linear, ferroelectric crystals LiNbO₃ and LiTaO₃. The direct observation of the frequency shift of the scattered narrow bandwidth probe pulses proofs the role of the Raman interaction during the probe and excitation process of phonon polaritons. I compare this experimental method with the measurement where ultra-short laser pulses are used. The frequency shift remains obscured by the relative broad bandwidth of these laser pulses. In an experiment with narrow bandwidth probe pulses, the Stokes and anti-Stokes intensities are spectrally separated. They are assigned to the corresponding counter-propagating wavepackets of phonon polaritons. Thus, the dynamics of these wavepackets was separately studied. Based on these findings, I develop the mathematical description of the so-called homodyne detection of light for the case of light scattering from counter propagating phonon polaritons. Further, I modified the broad bandwidth of the ultra-short pump pulses using bandpass filters to generate two pump pulses with non-overlapping spectra. This enables the frequency-selective excitation of polariton modes in the sample, which allows me to observe even very weak polariton modes in LiNbO₃ or LiTaO₃ that belong to the higher branches of the dispersion relation of phonon polaritons. The experimentally determined dispersion relation of the phonon polaritons could therefore be extended and compared to theoretical models. In addition, I determined the frequency-dependent damping of phonon polaritons.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Lindauer2014,
  author    = {Lindauer, T. Marius},
  title     = {Algorithm selection, scheduling and configuration of Boolean constraint solvers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-71260},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ii, 130},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Boolean constraint solving technology has made tremendous progress over the last decade, leading to industrial-strength solvers, for example, in the areas of answer set programming (ASP), the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), propositional satisfiability (SAT) and satisfiability of quantified Boolean formulas (QBF). However, in all these areas, there exist multiple solving strategies that work well on different applications; no strategy dominates all other strategies. Therefore, no individual solver shows robust state-of-the-art performance in all kinds of applications. Additionally, the question arises how to choose a well-performing solving strategy for a given application; this is a challenging question even for solver and domain experts. One way to address this issue is the use of portfolio solvers, that is, a set of different solvers or solver configurations. We present three new automatic portfolio methods: (i) automatic construction of parallel portfolio solvers (ACPP) via algorithm configuration,(ii) solving the \$NP\$-hard problem of finding effective algorithm schedules with Answer Set Programming (aspeed), and (iii) a flexible algorithm selection framework (claspfolio2) allowing for fair comparison of different selection approaches. All three methods show improved performance and robustness in comparison to individual solvers on heterogeneous instance sets from many different applications. Since parallel solvers are important to effectively solve hard problems on parallel computation systems (e.g., multi-core processors), we extend all three approaches to be effectively applicable in parallel settings. We conducted extensive experimental studies different instance sets from ASP, CSP, MAXSAT, Operation Research (OR), SAT and QBF that indicate an improvement in the state-of-the-art solving heterogeneous instance sets. Last but not least, from our experimental studies, we deduce practical advice regarding the question when to apply which of our methods.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NiproschkeSchubarth2014,
  author    = {Niproschke, Saskia and Schubarth, Wilfried},
  title     = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus},
  series = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis},
  journal   = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-71147},
  pages     = {19 -- 56},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {1. Einf{\"u}hrung 2. Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus: Begriffsgenese und Modell „nachhaltiger Pr{\"a}vention" 2.1 Entwicklungsorientierung 2.2 Kommunale Netzwerkarbeit 2.3 Evaluation und Qualit{\"a}t 3. Kriminal- und Gewaltpr{\"a}vention im Land Brandenburg 3.1 Gewaltpr{\"a}vention an einer Brennpunkt-Schule am Beispiel von „Wir f{\"u}r uns" 3.2 Regionale Netzwerkarbeit am Beispiel von „Mit-Ein-Ander in Kita und Schule" 3.3 Rechtsextremismuspr{\"a}vention am Beispiel des Handlungskonzepts „Tolerantes Brandenburg" 4. Folgerungen und Empfehlungen Literatur},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Trabant2014,
  author    = {Trabant, Christoph},
  title     = {Ultrafast photoinduced phase transitions in complex materials probed by time-resolved resonant soft x-ray diffraction},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71377},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In processing and data storage mainly ferromagnetic (FM) materials are being used. Approaching physical limits, new concepts have to be found for faster, smaller switches, for higher data densities and more energy efficiency. Some of the discussed new concepts involve the material classes of correlated oxides and materials with antiferromagnetic coupling. Their applicability depends critically on their switching behavior, i.e., how fast and how energy efficient material properties can be manipulated. This thesis presents investigations of ultrafast non-equilibrium phase transitions on such new materials. In transition metal oxides (TMOs) the coupling of different degrees of freedom and resulting low energy excitation spectrum often result in spectacular changes of macroscopic properties (colossal magneto resistance, superconductivity, metal-to-insulator transitions) often accompanied by nanoscale order of spins, charges, orbital occupation and by lattice distortions, which make these material attractive. Magnetite served as a prototype for functional TMOs showing a metal-to-insulator-transition (MIT) at T = 123 K. By probing the charge and orbital order as well as the structure after an optical excitation we found that the electronic order and the structural distortion, characteristics of the insulating phase in thermal equilibrium, are destroyed within the experimental resolution of 300 fs. The MIT itself occurs on a 1.5 ps timescale. It shows that MITs in functional materials are several thousand times faster than switching processes in semiconductors. Recently ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials have become interesting. It was shown in ferrimagnetic GdFeCo, that the transfer of angular momentum between two opposed FM subsystems with different time constants leads to a switching of the magnetization after laser pulse excitation. In addition it was theoretically predicted that demagnetization dynamics in AFM should occur faster than in FM materials as no net angular momentum has to be transferred out of the spin system. We investigated two different AFM materials in order to learn more about their ultrafast dynamics. In Ho, a metallic AFM below T ≈ 130 K, we found that the AFM Ho can not only be faster but also ten times more energy efficiently destroyed as order in FM comparable metals. In EuTe, an AFM semiconductor below T ≈ 10 K, we compared the loss of magnetization and laser-induced structural distortion in one and the same experiment. Our experiment shows that they are effectively disentangled. An exception is an ultrafast release of lattice dynamics, which we assign to the release of magnetostriction. The results presented here were obtained with time-resolved resonant soft x-ray diffraction at the Femtoslicing source of the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin and at the free-electron laser in Stanford (LCLS). In addition the development and setup of a new UHV-diffractometer for these experiments will be reported.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Burdack2014,
  author    = {Burdack, Doreen},
  title     = {Water management policies and their impact on irrigated crop production in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-306-0},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72245},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {307},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The economic impact analysis contained in this book shows how irrigation farming is particularly susceptible when applying certain water management policies in the Australian Murray-Darling Basin, one of the world largest river basins and Australia's most fertile region. By comparing different pricing and non-pricing water management policies with the help of the Water Integrated Market Model, it is found that the impact of water demand reducing policies is most severe on crops that need to be intensively irrigated and are at the same time less water productive. A combination of increasingly frequent and severe droughts and the application of policies that decrease agricultural water demand, in the same region, will create a situation in which the highly water dependent crops rice and cotton cannot be cultivated at all.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Şener2014,
  author    = {Şener, Ula{\c{s}}},
  title     = {Die Neutralit{\"a}tstheorie des Geldes},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-307-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72367},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {v, 87},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {{\"O}konomen wie Wirtschaftspolitiker berufen sich auf die Neutralit{\"a}tstheorie des Geldes, wenn sie eine Entpolitisierung der Geldpolitik fordern. Sowohl die Theorie der Geldneutralit{\"a}t als auch das Paradigma der Entpolitisierung der Geldpolitik sind jedoch problematisch. Die polit{\"o}konomischen Entwicklungen nach der globalen Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise 2007/2008 und die j{\"u}ngsten Kontroversen {\"u}ber die Rolle und Bedeutung von Geld haben dies deutlich vor Augen gef{\"u}hrt. Die vorliegende Arbeit diskutiert zun{\"a}chst die konzeptionellen Grundlagen und theoretischen Modelle der Geldneutralit{\"a}t. Anschließend werden die zentralen theoretischen Annahmen und Aussagen der Neutralit{\"a}tstheorie aus einer kritischen heterodoxen Perspektive hinterfragt. Es wird argumentiert, dass Geld eine nicht-neutrale Produktionskraft ist, die weder {\"o}konomisch noch sozial neutral ist. Die Bedingungen, unter denen Geld verf{\"u}gbar ist und zirkuliert, sind richtungsweisend f{\"u}r die {\"o}konomische Entwicklung. Daher kann es auch kein neutrales Geld oder gar eine apolitische Geldpolitik geben.},
  language  = {de}
}
@inproceedings{ArlettazBadoBakosKovacsetal.2014,
  author    = {Arlettaz, Jordane and Bad{\´o}, Attila and Bakos-Kov{\´a}cs, Kitti and Bat{\´o}, Szilvia and B{\´o}ka, J{\´a}nos and Congnard, Laureline and Csatl{\´o}s, Erzs{\´e}bet and Gedeon, Magdolna and Guemar, Carine and Hajd{\´u}, D{\´o}ra and Jacs{\´o}, Judit and Kelemen, Katalin and Fekete, Bal{\´a}zs and Kruzslicz, P{\´e}ter and Mezei, P{\´e}ter and Szűcs, T{\"u}nde and Zolt{\´a}n, P{\´e}teri and Szab{\´o}, B{\´e}la P.},
  title     = {Internationale Konferenz zum zehnj{\"a}hrigen Bestehen des Instituts f{\"u}r Rechtsvergleichung der Universit{\"a}t Szeged},
  editor    = {Bad{\´o}, Attila and Belling, Detlev W. and B{\´o}ka, J{\´a}nos and Mezei, P{\´e}ter},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-308-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72039},
  pages     = {296},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die Konferenz „International Conference for the 10th Anniversary of the Institute of Comparative Law" hat am 24. Mai 2013 in Szeged stattgefunden. Im Rahmen der viersprachigen Konferenz haben mehr als dreißig Teilnehmer ihre Forschungsergebnisse pr{\"a}sentiert. Der Essay von Zolt{\´a}n P{\´e}teri blickt auf die Disziplin aus der Perspektive der Wissenschaftsgeschichte. Katalin Kelemen und Bal{\´a}zs Fekete gehen in ihrem Aufsatz der Frage nach, welchen Weg die Versuche der Klassifikation der Rechtssysteme von Osteuropa in der sp{\"a}ten Phase der Umbr{\"u}che der 1980/90er Jahren genommen haben. Die historische Betrachtungsweise mit Bezug auf Rechtsgeschichte und Rechtsvergleichung spiegelt sich auch in anderen Essays wider, vor allem in den Aufs{\"a}tzen von Szilvia Bat{\´o}, Magdolna Gedeon und B{\´e}la Szab{\´o} P. sowie auch in den Aufs{\"a}tzen von P{\´e}ter Mezei und T{\"u}nde Szűcs. Attila Bad{\´o} analysiert die Rechtsvergleichung aus der Sicht des Rechts, der Soziologie und der Politikwissenschaft anhand von Untersuchungen {\"u}ber das Sanktionsystem der Richter in den USA. Diese politikwissenschaftliche Seite wird auch in den Aufs{\"a}tzen {\"u}ber die aktuellen Fragen der europ{\"a}ischen Integration von Carine Guemar und Laureline Congnard betont. Eine Reihe von Aufs{\"a}tzen behandeln die konventionelle normative Komparatistik auf dem Gebiet des Verfassungsrechts (Jordane Arlettaz und P{\´e}ter Kruzslicz), Gesellschaftsrechts (Kitti Bakos-Kov{\´a}cs), Urheberrechts (D{\´o}ra Hajd{\´u}) und Steuerrechts (Judit Jacs{\´o}). Daneben bilden eine weitere Gruppe die Aufs{\"a}tze von J{\´a}nos B{\´o}ka und Erzs{\´e}bet Csatl{\´o}s, die die Verwendung der vergleichenden Methode in der Praxis der Rechtsprechung untersuchen. Die Rechtsvergleichung ist eine sich dynamisch entwickelnde Disziplin. Die Konferenz und dieser Band dienen nicht nur der W{\"u}rdigung der bisherigen Arbeit des Instituts f{\"u}r Rechtsvergleichung, sondern zeigen gleichzeitig neue Ziele auf. Die wichtigsten Grunds{\"a}tze bleiben aber fest verankert auch in einem sich stets ver{\"a}ndernden rechtlichen und geistigen Umfeld. Das Motto des Instituts lautet „instruere et docere omnes qui edoceri desiderant" - „alle lehren, die lernen wollen." Auch in den folgenden Jahrzehnten werden uns der Wille des Lernens und Lehrens, die Freiheit der Forschung sowie die {\"U}bertragung und Weiterentwicklung der ungarischen wie globalen Rechtskultur leiten.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Merkel2014,
  author    = {Merkel, Roswitha},
  title     = {Untersuchung zur Synthese und Eigenschaften von komplexen Oligospiroketalen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72561},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Es ist in dieser Arbeit gelungen, starre Oligospiroketal(OSK)-St{\"a}be als Grundbausteine f{\"u}r komplexe 2D- und 3D-Systeme zu verwenden. Dazu wurde ein difunktionalisierter starrer Stab synthetisiert, der mit seines Gleichen und anderen verzweigten Funktionalisierungseinheiten in Azid-Alkin-Klickreaktionen eingesetzt wurde. An zwei {\"u}ber Klickreaktion verkn{\"u}pften OSK-St{\"a}ben konnten mittels theoretischer Berechnungen Aussagen {\"u}ber die neuartige Bimodalit{\"a}t der Konformation getroffen werden. Es wurde daf{\"u}r der Begriff Gelenkstab eingef{\"u}hrt, da die Molek{\"u}le um ein Gelenk gedreht sowohl gestreckt als auch geknickt vorliegen k{\"o}nnen. Aufbauend auf diesen Erkenntnissen konnte gezeigt werden, dass nicht nur gezielt große Polymere aus bis zu vier OSK-St{\"a}ben synthetisiert werden k{\"o}nnen, sondern es auch m{\"o}glich ist, durch gezielte {\"A}nderung von Reaktionsbedingungen der Klickreaktion auch Cyclen aus starren OSK-St{\"a}ben herzustellen. Die neu entwickelte Substanzklasse der Gelenkst{\"a}be wurde im Hinblick auf die Steuerung des vorliegenden Gleichgewichts zwischen geknicktem und gestrecktem Gelenkstab hin untersucht. Daf{\"u}r wurde der Gelenkstab mit Pyrenylresten in terminaler Position versehen. Es wurde durch Fluoreszenzmessungen festgestellt, dass das Gleichgewicht z. B. durch die Temperatur oder die Wahl des L{\"o}sungsmittels beeinflussbar ist. F{\"u}r vielfache Anwendungen wurde eine vereinfachte Synthesestrategie gefunden, mit der eine beliebige Funktionalisierung in nur einem Syntheseschritt erreicht werden konnte. Es konnten photoaktive Gelenkst{\"a}be synthetisiert werden, die gezielt zur intramolekularen Dimerisierung gef{\"u}hrt werden konnten. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurde durch Aminos{\"a}uren ein Verkn{\"u}pfungselement am Ende der Gelenkst{\"a}be gefunden, das eine stereoselektive Synthese von Mehrfachfunktionalisierungen zul{\"a}sst. Die Synthese der komplexen Gelenkst{\"a}be wurde als ein neuartiges Gebiet aufgezeigt und bietet ein breites Forschungspotential f{\"u}r weitere Anwendungen z. B. in der Biologie (als molekulare Schalter f{\"u}r Ionentransporte) und in der Materialchemie (als Ladungs- oder Energietransporteure).},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{GuzmanPerez2014,
  author    = {Guzman-Perez, Valentina},
  title     = {Effect of benzylglucosinolate on signaling pathways associated with type 2 diabetes prevention},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72351},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a health problem throughout the world. In 2010, there were nearly 230 million individuals with diabetes worldwide and it is estimated that in the economically advanced countries the cases will increase about 50\% in the next twenty years. Insulin resistance is one of major features in T2D, which is also a risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Epidemiological and animal studies have shown that the consumption of vegetables and fruits can delay or prevent the development of the disease, although the underlying mechanisms of these effects are still unclear. Brassica species such as broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) possess high content of bioactive phytochemicals, e.g. nitrogen sulfur compounds (glucosinolates and isothiocyanates) and polyphenols largely associated with the prevention of cancer. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) display their anti-carcinogenic potential by inducing detoxicating phase II enzymes and increasing glutathione (GSH) levels in tissues. In T2D diabetes an increase in gluconeogenesis and triglyceride synthesis, and a reduction in fatty acid oxidation accompanied by the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are observed; altogether is the result of an inappropriate response to insulin. Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors play a crucial role in the regulation of insulin effects on gene expression and metabolism, and alterations in FOXO function could contribute to metabolic disorders in diabetes. In this study using stably transfected human osteosarcoma cells (U-2 OS) with constitutive expression of FOXO1 protein labeled with GFP (green fluorescent protein) and human hepatoma cells HepG2 cell cultures, the ability of benzylisothiocyanate (BITC) deriving from benzylglucosinolate, extracted from nasturtium to modulate, i) the insulin-signaling pathway, ii) the intracellular localization of FOXO1 and iii) the expression of proteins involved in glucose metabolism, ROS detoxification, cell cycle arrest and DNA repair was evaluated. BITC promoted oxidative stress and in response to that induced FOXO1 translocation from cytoplasm into the nucleus antagonizing the insulin effect. BITC stimulus was able to down-regulate gluconeogenic enzymes, which can be considered as an anti-diabetic effect; to promote antioxidant resistance expressed by the up-regulation in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and detoxification enzymes; to modulate autophagy by induction of BECLIN1 and down-regulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway; and to promote cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair by up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (p21CIP) and Growth Arrest / DNA Damage Repair (GADD45). Except for the nuclear factor (erythroid derived)-like2 (NRF2) and its influence in the detoxification enzymes gene expression, all the observed effects were independent from FOXO1, protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) and NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). The current study provides evidence that besides of the anticarcinogenic potential, isothiocyanates might have a role in T2D prevention. BITC stimulus mimics the fasting state, in which insulin signaling is not triggered and FOXO proteins remain in the nucleus modulating gene expression of their target genes, with the advantage of a down-regulation of gluconeogenesis instead of its increase. These effects suggest that BITC might be considered as a promising substance in the prevention or treatment of T2D, therefore the factors behind of its modulatory effects need further investigation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Truemper2014,
  author    = {Tr{\"u}mper, Jonas},
  title     = {Visualization techniques for the analysis of software behavior and related structures},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72145},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Software maintenance encompasses any changes made to a software system after its initial deployment and is thereby one of the key phases in the typical software-engineering lifecycle. In software maintenance, we primarily need to understand structural and behavioral aspects, which are difficult to obtain, e.g., by code reading. Software analysis is therefore a vital tool for maintaining these systems: It provides - the preferably automated - means to extract and evaluate information from their artifacts such as software structure, runtime behavior, and related processes. However, such analysis typically results in massive raw data, so that even experienced engineers face difficulties directly examining, assessing, and understanding these data. Among other things, they require tools with which to explore the data if no clear question can be formulated beforehand. For this, software analysis and visualization provide its users with powerful interactive means. These enable the automation of tasks and, particularly, the acquisition of valuable and actionable insights into the raw data. For instance, one means for exploring runtime behavior is trace visualization. This thesis aims at extending and improving the tool set for visual software analysis by concentrating on several open challenges in the fields of dynamic and static analysis of software systems. This work develops a series of concepts and tools for the exploratory visualization of the respective data to support users in finding and retrieving information on the system artifacts concerned. This is a difficult task, due to the lack of appropriate visualization metaphors; in particular, the visualization of complex runtime behavior poses various questions and challenges of both a technical and conceptual nature. This work focuses on a set of visualization techniques for visually representing control-flow related aspects of software traces from shared-memory software systems: A trace-visualization concept based on icicle plots aids in understanding both single-threaded as well as multi-threaded runtime behavior on the function level. The concept's extensibility further allows the visualization and analysis of specific aspects of multi-threading such as synchronization, the correlation of such traces with data from static software analysis, and a comparison between traces. Moreover, complementary techniques for simultaneously analyzing system structures and the evolution of related attributes are proposed. These aim at facilitating long-term planning of software architecture and supporting management decisions in software projects by extensions to the circular-bundle-view technique: An extension to 3-dimensional space allows for the use of additional variables simultaneously; interaction techniques allow for the modification of structures in a visual manner. The concepts and techniques presented here are generic and, as such, can be applied beyond software analysis for the visualization of similarly structured data. The techniques' practicability is demonstrated by several qualitative studies using subject data from industry-scale software systems. The studies provide initial evidence that the techniques' application yields useful insights into the subject data and its interrelationships in several scenarios.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BadalyanDierichStibaetal.2014,
  author    = {Badalyan, Artavazd and Dierich, Marlen and Stiba, Konstanze and Schwuchow, Viola and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke and Wollenberger, Ulla},
  title     = {Electrical wiring of the aldehyde oxidoreductase PaoABC with a polymer containing osmium redox centers},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {1082},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-47507},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-475070},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Biosensors for the detection of benzaldehyde and g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are reported using aldehyde oxidoreductase PaoABC from Escherichia coli immobilized in a polymer containing bound low potential osmium redox complexes. The electrically connected enzyme already electrooxidizes benzaldehyde at potentials below -0.15 V (vs. Ag|AgCl, 1 M KCl). The pH-dependence of benzaldehyde oxidation can be strongly influenced by the ionic strength. The effect is similar with the soluble osmium redox complex and therefore indicates a clear electrostatic effect on the bioelectrocatalytic efficiency of PaoABC in the osmium containing redox polymer. At lower ionic strength, the pH-optimum is high and can be switched to low pH-values at high ionic strength. This offers biosensing at high and low pH-values. A "reagentless" biosensor has been formed with enzyme wired onto a screen-printed electrode in a flow cell device. The response time to addition of benzaldehyde is 30 s, and the measuring range is between 10-150 µM and the detection limit of 5 µM (signal to noise ratio 3:1) of benzaldehyde. The relative standard deviation in a series (n = 13) for 200 µM benzaldehyde is 1.9\%. For the biosensor, a response to succinic semialdehyde was also identified. Based on this response and the ability to work at high pH a biosensor for GABA is proposed by coimmobilizing GABA-aminotransferase (GABA-T) and PaoABC in the osmium containing redox polymer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EcksteinReinfandt2014,
  author    = {Eckstein, Lars and Reinfandt, Christoph},
  title     = {Luhmann in the Contact Zone},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-85488},
  pages     = {107 -- 124},
  year      = {2014},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Ifenthaler2014,
  author    = {Ifenthaler, Dirk},
  title     = {Challenges of a Holistic Learning Analytics Project},
  series = {E-Learning Symposium 2014 : Mobil und vernetzt - studieren im digitalen Zeitalter ; Potsdam, 14. November 2014},
  journal   = {E-Learning Symposium 2014 : Mobil und vernetzt - studieren im digitalen Zeitalter ; Potsdam, 14. November 2014},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-44230},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-442303},
  pages     = {15 -- 28},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Recently, interest in collecting and mining large sets of educational data on student background and performance to conduct research on learning and instruction has developed as an area generally referred to as learning analytics. Higher education leaders are recognising the value of learning analytics for improving not only learning and teaching but also the entire educational arena. However, theoretical concepts and empirical evidence need to be generated within the fast evolving field of learning analytics. In this paper, we introduce a holistic learning analytics framework. Based on this framework, student, learning, and curriculum profiles have been developed which include relevant static and dynamic parameters for facilitating the learning analytics framework. Based on the theoretical model, an empirical study was conducted to empirically validate the parameters included in the student profile. The paper concludes with practical implications and issues for future research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZoernerKoehlmannBrandt2014,
  author    = {Zoerner, Dietmar and K{\"o}hlmann, Wiebke and Brandt, Christopher},
  title     = {Mobiles spielebasiertes Lernen an historischen Lernorten},
  series = {E-Learning Symposium 2014 : Mobil und vernetzt - studieren im digitalen Zeitalter ; Potsdam, 14. November 2014},
  journal   = {E-Learning Symposium 2014 : Mobil und vernetzt - studieren im digitalen Zeitalter ; Potsdam, 14. November 2014},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-44235},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-442354},
  pages     = {53 -- 54},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Im Rahmen eines interdisziplin{\"a}ren studentischen Projekts wurde ein Framework f{\"u}r mobile pervasive Lernspiele entwickelt. Am Beispiel des historischen Lernortes Park Sanssouci wurde auf dieser Grundlage ein Lernspiel f{\"u}r Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler implementiert. Die geplante Evaluation soll die Lernwirksamkeit von geobasierten mobilen Lernspielen messen. Dazu wird die Intensit{\"a}t des Flow-Erlebens mit einer ortsgebundenen alternativen Umsetzung verglichen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{HuynenSuzukiOguraetal.2014,
  author    = {Huynen, Leon and Suzuki, Takayuki and Ogura, Toshihiko and Watanabe, Yusuke and Millar, Craig D. and Hofreiter, Michael and Smith, Craig and Mirmoeini, Sara and Lambert, David M.},
  title     = {Reconstruction and in vivo analysis of the extinct tbx5 gene from ancient wingless moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes)},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {1117},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43159},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431599},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background The forelimb-specific gene tbx5 is highly conserved and essential for the development of forelimbs in zebrafish, mice, and humans. Amongst birds, a single order, Dinornithiformes, comprising the extinct wingless moa of New Zealand, are unique in having no skeletal evidence of forelimb-like structures. Results To determine the sequence of tbx5 in moa, we used a range of PCR-based techniques on ancient DNA to retrieve all nine tbx5 exons and splice sites from the giant moa, Dinornis. Moa Tbx5 is identical to chicken Tbx5 in being able to activate the downstream promotors of fgf10 and ANF. In addition we show that missexpression of moa tbx5 in the hindlimb of chicken embryos results in the formation of forelimb features, suggesting that Tbx5 was fully functional in wingless moa. An alternatively spliced exon 1 for tbx5 that is expressed specifically in the forelimb region was shown to be almost identical between moa and ostrich, suggesting that, as well as being fully functional, tbx5 is likely to have been expressed normally in moa since divergence from their flighted ancestors, approximately 60 mya. Conclusions The results suggests that, as in mice, moa tbx5 is necessary for the induction of forelimbs, but is not sufficient for their outgrowth. Moa Tbx5 may have played an important role in the development of moa's remnant forelimb girdle, and may be required for the formation of this structure. Our results further show that genetic changes affecting genes other than tbx5 must be responsible for the complete loss of forelimbs in moa.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Liebs2014,
  author    = {Liebs, G{\"o}ran},
  title     = {Ground penetration radar wave velocities and their uncertainties},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43680},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436807},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {ii, 106},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {We develop three new approaches for ground penetration wave velocity calcultaions. The first is based on linear moveout spectra to find the optimum ground wave velocity including uncertainties from multi-offset data gathers. We used synthetic data to illustrate the principles of the method and to investigate uncertainties in ground wave velocity estimates. To demonstrate the applicability of the approach to real data, we analyzed GPR data sets recorded at field sites in Canada over an annual cycle from Steelman \& Endres [2010]. The results obtained by this efficient and largely automated procedure agree well with the manual achieved results of Steelman \& Endres [2010], derived by a more laborious largely manual analysis strategy. Then we develop a second methodology to global invert reflection traveltimes with a particle swarm optimization approach more precise then conventional spectral NMO-based velocity analysis (e.g., Greaves et al. [1996]). For global optimization, we use particle swarm optimization (PSO; Kennedy \& Eberhart [1995]) in the combination with a fast eikonal solver as forward solver (Sethian [1996]; Fomel [1997a]; Sethian \& Popovici [1999]). This methodology allows us to generate reliability CMP derived models of subsurface velocities and water content including uncertainties. We test this method with synthetic data to study the behavior of the PSO algorithm. Afterward, We use this method to analyze our field data from a well constrained test site in Horstwalde, Germany. The achieved velocity models from field data showed good agreement to borehole logging and direct-push data (Schmelzbach et al. [2011]) at the same site position. For the third method we implement a global optimization approach also based on PSO to invert direct-arrival traveltimes of VRP data to obtain high resolution 1D velocity models including quantitative estimates of uncertainty. Our intensive tests with several traveltime data sets helped to understand the behavior of PSO algorithm for inversion. Integration of the velocity model to VRP reflection imaging and attenuation model improved the potential of VRP surveying. Using field data, we examine this novel analysis strategy for the development of petrophysical models and the linking between GPR borehole and other logging data to surface GPR reflection data.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{RolinskiRammigWalzetal.2014,
  author    = {Rolinski, Susanne and Rammig, Anja and Walz, Ariane and von Bloh, Werner and van Oijen, M. and Thonicke, Kirsten},
  title     = {A probabilistic risk assessment for the vulnerability of the European carbon cycle to weather extremes},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch naturwissenschaftliche Reihe (487)},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch naturwissenschaftliche Reihe (487)},
  number    = {487},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407999},
  pages     = {1813 -- 1831},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Extreme weather events are likely to occur more often under climate change and the resulting effects on ecosystems could lead to a further acceleration of climate change. But not all extreme weather events lead to extreme ecosystem response. Here, we focus on hazardous ecosystem behaviour and identify coinciding weather conditions. We use a simple probabilistic risk assessment based on time series of ecosystem behaviour and climate conditions. Given the risk assessment terminology, vulnerability and risk for the previously defined hazard are estimated on the basis of observed hazardous ecosystem behaviour. We apply this approach to extreme responses of terrestrial ecosystems to drought, defining the hazard as a negative net biome productivity over a 12-month period. We show an application for two selected sites using data for 1981-2010 and then apply the method to the pan-European scale for the same period, based on numerical modelling results (LPJmL for ecosystem behaviour; ERA-Interim data for climate). Our site-specific results demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method, using the SPEI to describe the climate condition. The site in Spain provides an example of vulnerability to drought because the expected value of the SPEI is 0.4 lower for hazardous than for non-hazardous ecosystem behaviour. In northern Germany, on the contrary, the site is not vulnerable to drought because the SPEI expectation values imply wetter conditions in the hazard case than in the non-hazard case. At the pan-European scale, ecosystem vulnerability to drought is calculated in the Mediterranean and temperate region, whereas Scandinavian ecosystems are vulnerable under conditions without water shortages. These first model- based applications indicate the conceptual advantages of the proposed method by focusing on the identification of critical weather conditions for which we observe hazardous ecosystem behaviour in the analysed data set. Application of the method to empirical time series and to future climate would be important next steps to test the approach.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{JeonChechkinMetzler2014,
  author    = {Jeon, Jae-Hyung and Chechkin, Aleksei V. and Metzler, Ralf},
  title     = {Scaled Brownian motion: a paradoxical process with a time dependent diffusivity for the description of anomalous diffusion},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76302},
  pages     = {15811 -- 15817},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Anomalous diffusion is frequently described by scaled Brownian motion (SBM){,} a Gaussian process with a power-law time dependent diffusion coefficient. Its mean squared displacement is ?x2(t)? [similar{,} equals] 2K(t)t with K(t) [similar{,} equals] t[small alpha]-1 for 0 < [small alpha] < 2. SBM may provide a seemingly adequate description in the case of unbounded diffusion{,} for which its probability density function coincides with that of fractional Brownian motion. Here we show that free SBM is weakly non-ergodic but does not exhibit a significant amplitude scatter of the time averaged mean squared displacement. More severely{,} we demonstrate that under confinement{,} the dynamics encoded by SBM is fundamentally different from both fractional Brownian motion and continuous time random walks. SBM is highly non-stationary and cannot provide a physical description for particles in a thermalised stationary system. Our findings have direct impact on the modelling of single particle tracking experiments{,} in particular{,} under confinement inside cellular compartments or when optical tweezers tracking methods are used.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{SahyaziciKnaak2014,
  author    = {Sahyazici-Knaak, Fidan},
  title     = {Dysfunktionale Einstellungen und Depression im Kindes- und Jugendalter},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76417},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XVI, 264},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Studie besch{\"a}ftigte sich mit der Bedeutung der dysfunktionalen Einstellungen f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von depressiven Symptomen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Nach der kognitiven Theorie der Depression von Beck (1967, 1996) f{\"u}hren dysfunktionale Einstellungen in Interaktion mit Stress zu depressiven Symptomen. Es existieren allerdings nur wenige Studien, die die longitudinale Beziehung zwischen den dysfunktionalen Einstellungen und der Depressivit{\"a}t bei Kindern und Jugendlichen untersucht haben (Lakdawalla et al., 2007). Folglich kann noch nicht eindeutig gekl{\"a}rt werden, ob die dysfunktionalen Einstellungen Ursache, Begleiterscheinung oder Konsequenz der Depression sind. Als Datengrundlage diente eine Stichprobe von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von 9 bis 20 Jahren, die im Rahmen der PIER-Studie zu dysfunktionalen Einstellungen, kritischen Lebensereignissen und depressiven Symptomen befragt wurden (Nt1t2 = 1.053; t1: 2011/2012, t2: 2013/2014). Querschnittliche Analysen zeigten hohe Assoziationen zwischen den dysfunktionalen Einstellungen, kritischen Lebensereignissen und depressiven Symptomen. Eine latente Moderationsanalyse wies nur bei den Jugendlichen auf signifikante Interaktion zwischen den dysfunktionalen Einstellungen und den kritischen Lebensereignissen in der Vorhersage depressiver Symptomatik hin. Im L{\"a}ngsschnitt zeigten latente Cross-Lagged-Panel-Analysen erwartungsgem{\"a}ß, dass die dysfunktionalen Einstellungen und die Depressivit{\"a}t mit dem Alter immer stabilere Konstrukte darstellen, die sehr eng miteinander zusammenh{\"a}ngen. Eine diesem Modell hinzugef{\"u}gte latente Moderationsanalyse konnte das kognitive Modell der Depression nach Beck weder bei Kindern noch bei Jugendlichen best{\"a}tigen. Die sp{\"a}tere depressive Symptomatik konnte lediglich durch Haupteffekte der fr{\"u}heren Auspr{\"a}gung der Depressivit{\"a}t und der kritischen Lebensereignisse vorhergesagt werden. Diese Ergebnisse legen den Schluss nahe, dass es sich bei den dysfunktionalen Einstellungen eher um Begleiterscheinungen als um Risikofaktoren oder Konsequenzen der depressiven Symptomatik handelt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{GoychukKharchenkoMetzler2014,
  author    = {Goychuk, Igor A. and Kharchenko, Vasyl O. and Metzler, Ralf},
  title     = {Molecular motors pulling cargos in the viscoelastic cytosol: how power strokes beat subdiffusion},
  series = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
  journal   = {Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics},
  publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76478},
  pages     = {16524 -- 16535},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The discovery of anomalous diffusion of larger biopolymers and submicron tracers such as endogenous granules, organelles, or virus capsids in living cells, attributed to the viscoelastic nature of the cytoplasm, provokes the question whether this complex environment equally impacts the active intracellular transport of submicron cargos by molecular motors such as kinesins: does the passive anomalous diffusion of free cargo always imply its anomalously slow active transport by motors, the mean transport distance along microtubule growing sublinearly rather than linearly in time? Here we analyze this question within the widely used two-state Brownian ratchet model of kinesin motors based on the continuous-state diffusion along microtubules driven by a flashing binding potential, where the cargo particle is elastically attached to the motor. Depending on the cargo size, the loading force, the amplitude of the binding potential, the turnover frequency of the molecular motor enzyme, and the linker stiffness we demonstrate that the motor transport may turn out either normal or anomalous, as indeed measured experimentally. We show how a highly efficient normal active transport mediated by motors may emerge despite the passive anomalous diffusion of the cargo, and study the intricate effects of the elastic linker. Under different, well specified conditions the microtubule-based motor transport becomes anomalously slow and thus significantly less efficient.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schulz2014,
  author    = {Schulz, Anneli},
  title     = {Search for gamma-ray emission from bow shocks of runaway stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73905},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {123},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The mystery of the origin of cosmic rays has been tackled for more than hundred years and is still not solved. Cosmic rays are detected with energies spanning more than 10 orders of magnitude and reaching energies up to ~10²¹ eV, far higher than any man-made accelerator can reach. Different theories on the astrophysical objects and processes creating such highly energetic particles have been proposed. A very prominent explanation for a process producing highly energetic particles is shock acceleration. The observation of high-energy gamma rays from supernova remnants, some of them revealing a shell like structure, is clear evidence that particles are accelerated to ultrarelativistic energies in the shocks of these objects. The environments of supernova remnants are complex and challenge detailed modelling of the processes leading to high-energy gamma-ray emission. The study of shock acceleration at bow shocks, created by the supersonic movement of individual stars through the interstellar medium, offers a unique possibility to determine the physical properties of shocks in a less complex environment. The shocked medium is heated by the stellar and the shock excited radiation, leading to thermal infrared emission. 28 bow shocks have been discovered through their infrared emission. Nonthermal radiation in radio and X-ray wavelengths has been detected from two bow shocks, pointing to the existence of relativistic particles in these systems. Theoretical models of the emission processes predict high-energy and very high-energy emission at a flux level in reach of current instruments. This work presents the search for gamma-ray emission from bow shocks of runaway stars in the energy regime from 100MeV to ~100TeV. The search is performed with the large area telescope (LAT) on-board the Fermi satellite and the H.E.S.S. telescopes located in the Khomas Highland in Namibia. The Fermi-LAT was launched in 2008 and is continuously scanning the sky since then. It detects photons with energies from 20MeV to over 300 GeV and has an unprecedented sensitivity. The all-sky coverage allows us to study all 28 bow shocks of runaway stars listed in the E-BOSS catalogue of infrared bow shocks. No significant emission was detected from any of the objects, although predicted by several theoretical models describing the non-thermal emission of bow shocks of runaway stars. The H.E.S.S. experiment is the most sensitive system of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. It detects photons from several tens of GeV to ~100TeV. Seven of the bow shocks have been observed with H.E.S.S. and the data analysis is presented in this thesis. The analyses of the very-high energy data did not reveal significant emission from any of the sources either. This work presents the first systematic search for gamma-ray emission from bow shocks of runaway stars. For the first time Fermi-LAT data was specifically analysed to reveal emission from bow shocks of runaway stars. In the TeV regime no searches for emission from theses objects have been published so far, the study presented here is the first in this energy regime. The level of the gamma-ray emission from bow shocks of runaway stars is constrained by the calculated upper limits over six orders in magnitude in energy. The upper limits calculated for the bow shocks of runaway stars in the course of this work, constrain several models. For the best candidate, ζ Ophiuchi, the upper limits in the Fermi-LAT energy range are lower than the predictions by a factor ~5. This challenges the assumptions made in this model and gives valuable input for further modelling approaches. The analyses were performed with the software packages provided by the H.E.S.S. and Fermi collaborations. The development of a unified analysis framework for gamma-ray data, namely GammaLib/ctools, is rapidly progressing within the CTA consortium. Recent implementations and cross-checks with current software frameworks are presented in the Appendix.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Huebner2014,
  author    = {H{\"u}bner, Sandra},
  title     = {Molekulare Grundlagen der Bittergeschmackswahrnehmung in der Maus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77720},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {X, 171, iii},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Der Bittergeschmack dient S{\"a}ugern vermutlich zur Wahrnehmung und Vermeidung toxischer Substanzen. Bitterstoffe k{\"o}nnen jedoch auch gesund sein oder werden oft bereitwillig mit der Nahrung aufgenommen. Ob sie geschmacklich unterschieden werden k{\"o}nnen, ist allerdings umstritten. Detektiert werden Bitterstoffe von oralen Bittergeschmacksrezeptoren, den TAS2R (human) bzw. Tas2r (murin). In der Literatur gibt es aber immer mehr Hinweise darauf, dass {\"u}berdies Tas2r nicht nur in extragustatorischen Organen exprimiert werden, sondern dort auch wichtige Aufgaben erf{\"u}llen k{\"o}nnten, was wiederum die Aufkl{\"a}rung ihrer noch nicht vollst{\"a}ndig entschl{\"u}sselten Funktionsweisen erfordert. So ist noch unbekannt, ob alle bisher als funktionell identifizierten Tas2r wirklich gustatorische Funktionen erf{\"u}llen. Im Rahmen der Charakterisierung neu generierter, im Locus des Bittergeschmacksrezeptors Tas2r131 genetisch modifizierter Mauslinien, wurde in vorliegender Arbeit die gustatorische sowie extragustatorische Expression von Tas2r131 untersucht. Dass Tas2r131 nicht nur in Pilzpapillen, Wall- und Bl{\"a}tterpapillen (VP+FoP), Gaumen, Ductus nasopalatinus, Vomeronasalorgan und Kehldeckel, sondern auch in Thymus, Testes und Nebenhodenkopf, in Gehirnarealen sowie im Ganglion geniculatum nachgewiesen wurde, bildete die Grundlage f{\"u}r weiterf{\"u}hrende Studien. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt außerdem, dass Tas2r108, Tas2r126, Tas2r135, Tas2r137 und Tas2r143 in Blut exprimiert werden, was auf eine heterogene Funktion der Tas2r hindeutet. Dass zus{\"a}tzlich erstmals die Expression aller 35 als funktionell beschriebenen Tas2r im gustatorischen VP+FoP-Epithel von C57BL/6-M{\"a}usen nachgewiesen wurde, verweist auf deren Relevanz als funktionelle Geschmacksrezeptoren. Weiter zeigten Untersuchungen zur Aufkl{\"a}rung eines m{\"o}glichen Bitter-Unterscheidungsverm{\"o}gens in Geschmackspapillen von M{\"a}usen mit fluoreszenzmarkierten oder ablatierten Tas2r131-Zellen, dass Tas2r131 exprimierende Zellen eine Tas2r-Zellsubpopulation bilden. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus existieren innerhalb der Bitterzellen geordnete Tas2r-Expressionsmuster, die sich nach der chromosomalen Lage ihrer Gene richten. Isolierte Bitterzellen reagieren heterogen auf bekannte Bitterstoffe. Und M{\"a}use mit ablatierter Tas2r131-Zellpopulation besitzen noch andere Tas2r-Zellen und schmecken damit einige Bitterstoffe kaum noch, andere aber noch sehr gut. Diese Befunde belegen die Existenz verschiedener gustatorischer Tas2r-Zellpopulationen, welche die Voraussetzung bilden, Bitterstoffe heterogen zu detektieren. Ob dies die Grundlage f{\"u}r ein divergierendes Verhalten gegen{\"u}ber unvertr{\"a}glichen und harmlosen oder gar n{\"u}tzlichen Bitterstoffen darstellt, kann mit Hilfe der dargelegten Tas2r-Expressionsmuster k{\"u}nftig in Verhaltensexperimenten gepr{\"u}ft werden. Die Bittergeschmackswahrnehmung in S{\"a}ugetieren stellt sich als ein hochkomplexer Mechanismus dar, dessen Vielschichtigkeit durch die hier neu aufgezeigten heterogenen Tas2r-Expressions- und Funktionsmuster erneut verdeutlicht wird.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Reiter2014,
  author    = {Reiter, Karsten},
  title     = {Crustal stress variability across spatial scales - examples from Canada, Northern Switzerland and a South African gold mine},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76762},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 149, XI},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The quantitative descriptions of the state of stress in the Earth's crust, and spatial-temporal stress changes are of great importance in terms of scientific questions as well as applied geotechnical issues. Human activities in the underground (boreholes, tunnels, caverns, reservoir management, etc.) have a large impact on the stress state. It is important to assess, whether these activities may lead to (unpredictable) hazards, such as induced seismicity. Equally important is the understanding of the in situ stress state in the Earth's crust, as it allows the determination of safe well paths, already during well planning. The same goes for the optimal configuration of the injection- and production wells, where stimulation for artificial fluid path ways is necessary. The here presented cumulative dissertation consists of four separate manuscripts, which are already published, submitted or will be submitted for peer review within the next weeks. The main focus is on the investigation of the possible usage of geothermal energy in the province Alberta (Canada). A 3-D geomechanical-numerical model was designed to quantify the contemporary 3-D stress tensor in the upper crust. For the calibration of the regional model, 321 stress orientation data and 2714 stress magnitude data were collected, whereby the size and diversity of the database is unique. A calibration scheme was developed, where the model is calibrated versus the in situ stress data stepwise for each data type and gradually optimized using statistically test methods. The optimum displacement on the model boundaries can be determined by bivariate linear regression, based on only three model runs with varying deformation ratio. The best-fit model is able to predict most of the in situ stress data quite well. Thus, the model can provide the full stress tensor along any chosen virtual well paths. This can be used to optimize the orientation of horizontal wells, which e.g. can be used for reservoir stimulation. The model confirms regional deviations from the average stress orientation trend, such as in the region of the Peace River Arch and the Bow Island Arch. In the context of data compilation for the Alberta stress model, the Canadian database of the World Stress Map (WSM) could be expanded by including 514 new data records. This publication of an update of the Canadian stress map after ~20 years with a specific focus on Alberta shows, that the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) is oriented southwest to northeast over large areas in Northern America. The SHmax orientation in Alberta is very homogeneous, with an average of about 47°. In order to calculate the average SHmax orientation on a regular grid as well as to estimate the wave-length of stress orientation, an existing algorithm has been improved and is applied to the Canadian data. The newly introduced quasi interquartile range on the circle (QIROC) improves the variance estimation of periodic data, as it is less susceptible to its outliers. Another geomechanical-numerical model was built to estimate the 3D stress tensor in the target area "N{\"o}rdlich L{\"a}gern" in Northern Switzerland. This location, with Opalinus clay as a host rock, is a potential repository site for high-level radioactive waste. The performed modelling aims to investigate the sensitivity of the stress tensor on tectonic shortening, topography, faults and variable rock properties within the Mesozoic sedimentary stack, according to the required stability needed for a suitable radioactive waste disposal site. The majority of the tectonic stresses caused by the far-field shortening from the South are admitted by the competent rock units in the footwall and hanging wall of the argillaceous target horizon, the Upper Malm and Upper Muschelkalk. Thus, the differential stress within the host rock remains relatively low. East-west striking faults release stresses driven by tectonic shortening. The purely gravitational influence by the topography is low; higher SHmax magnitudes below topographical depression and lower values below hills are mainly observed near the surface. A complete calibration of the model is not possible, as no stress magnitude data are available for calibration, yet. The collection of this data will begin in 2015; subsequently they will be used to adjust the geomechanical-numerical model again. The third geomechanical-numerical model investigates the stress variation in an ultra-deep gold mine in South Africa. This reservoir model is spatially one order of magnitude smaller than the previous local model from Northern Switzerland. Here, the primary focus is to investigate the hypothesis that the Mw 1.9 earthquake on 27 December 2007 was induced by stress changes due to the mining process. The Coulomb failure stress change (DeltaCFS) was used to analyse the stress change. It confirmed that the seismic event was induced by static stress transfer due to the mining progress. The rock was brought closer to failure on the derived rupture plane by stress changes of up to 1.5-15MPa, in dependence of the DeltaCFS analysis type. A forward modelling of a generic excavation scheme reveals that with decreasing distance to the dyke the DeltaCFS values increase significantly. Hence, even small changes in the mining progress can have a significant impact on the seismic hazard risk, i.e. the change of the occurrence probability to induce a seismic event of economic concern.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MeyerSchulzJeibmannetal.2014,
  author    = {Meyer, S{\"o}ren and Schulz, Jacqueline and Jeibmann, Astrid and Taleshi, Mojtaba S. and Ebert, Franziska and Francesconi, Kevin and Schwerdtle, Tanja},
  title     = {Arsenic-containing hydrocarbons are toxic in the in vivo model Drosophila melanogaster},
  volume    = {11},
  number    = {6},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76819},
  pages     = {2010 -- 2014},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Arsenic-containing hydrocarbons (AsHC) constitute one group of arsenolipids that have been identified in seafood. In this first in vivo toxicity study for AsHCs, we show that AsHCs exert toxic effects in Drosophila melanogaster in a concentration range similar to that of arsenite. In contrast to arsenite, however, AsHCs cause developmental toxicity in the late developmental stages of Drosophila melanogaster. This work illustrates the need for a full characterisation of the toxicity of AsHCs in experimental animals to finally assess the risk to human health related to the presence of arsenolipids in seafood.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{RoderHille2014,
  author    = {Roder, Phillip and Hille, Carsten},
  title     = {ANG-2 for quantitative Na+ determination in living cells by time-resolved fluorescence microscopy},
  publisher = {The Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76851},
  pages     = {1699 -- 1710},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Sodium ions (Na+) play an important role in a plethora of cellular processes, which are complex and partly still unexplored. For the investigation of these processes and quantification of intracellular Na+ concentrations ([Na+]i), two-photon coupled fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2P-FLIM) was performed in the salivary glands of the cockroach Periplaneta americana. For this, the novel Na+-sensitive fluorescent dye Asante NaTRIUM Green-2 (ANG-2) was evaluated, both in vitro and in situ. In this context, absorption coefficients, fluorescence quantum yields and 2P action cross-sections were determined for the first time. ANG-2 was 2P-excitable over a broad spectral range and displayed fluorescence in the visible spectral range. Although the fluorescence decay behaviour of ANG-2 was triexponential in vitro, its analysis indicates a Na+-sensitivity appropriate for recordings in living cells. The Na+-sensitivity was reduced in situ, but the biexponential fluorescence decay behaviour could be successfully analysed in terms of quantitative [Na+]i recordings. Thus, physiological 2P-FLIM measurements revealed a dopamine-induced [Na+]i rise in cockroach salivary gland cells, which was dependent on a Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) activity. It was concluded that ANG-2 is a promising new sodium indicator applicable for diverse biological systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{NetchaevBakinski2014,
  author    = {Netchaev-Bakinski, Alexandre},
  title     = {Les voies/voix radicales en Angleterre, 1789-1848},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-75472},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {355},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {What is a radical? Somebody who goes against mainstream opinions? An agitator who suggests transforming society at the risk of endangering its harmony? In the political context of the British Isles at the end of the eighteenth century, the word radical had a negative connotation. It referred to the Levellers and the English Civil War, it brought back a period of history which was felt as a traumatic experience. Its stigmas were still vivid in the mind of the political leaders of these times. The reign of Cromwell was certainly the main reason for the general aversion of any form of virulent contestation of the power, especially when it contained political claims. In the English political context, radicalism can be understood as the different campaigns for parliamentary reforms establishing universal suffrage. However, it became evident that not all those who were supporting such a reform originated from the same social class or shared the same ideals. As a matter of fact, the reformist associations and their leaders often disagreed with each other. Edward Royle and Hames Walvin claimed that radicalism could not be analyzed historically as a concept, because it was not a homogeneous movement, nor it had common leaders and a clear ideology. For them, radicalism was merely a loose concept, « a state of mind rather than a plan of action. » At the beginning of the nineteenth-century, the newspaper The Northern Star used the word radical in a positive way to designate a person or a group of people whose ideas were conform to those of the newspaper. However, an opponent of parliamentary reform will use the same word in a negative way, in this case the word radical will convey a notion of menace. From the very beginning, the term radical covered a large spectrum of ideas and conceptions. In fact, the plurality of what the word conveys is the main characteristic of what a radical is. As a consequence, because the radicals tended to differentiate themselves with their plurality and their differences rather than with common features, it seems impossible to define what radicalism (whose suffix in -ism implies that it designate a doctrine, an ideology) is. Nevertheless, today it is accepted by all historians. From the mid-twentieth century, we could say that it was taken from granted to consider radicalism as a movement that fitted with the democratic precepts (universal suffrage, freedom of speech) of our modern world. Let us first look at radicalism as a convenient way to designate the different popular movements appealing to universal suffrage during the time period 1792-1848. We could easily observe through the successions of men and associations, a long lasting radical state of mind: Cartwright, Horne Tooke, Thomas Hardy, Francis Burdett, William Cobbett, Henry Hunt, William Lovett, Bronterre O'Brien, Feargus O'Connor, The London Society for Constitutional information (SCI), The London Corresponding Society (LCS), The Hampden Clubs, The Chartists, etc. These organizations and people acknowledged having many things in common and being inspired by one another in carrying out their activities. These influences can be seen in the language and the political ideology that British historians name as "Constitutionalist", but also, in the political organization of extra-parliamentary societies. Most of the radicals were eager to redress injustices and, in practice, they were inspired by a plan of actions drawn on from the pamphlets of the True Whigs of the eighteenth-century. We contest the argument that the radicals lacked coherence and imagination or that they did not know how to put into practice their ambitions. In fact, their innovative forms of protest left a mark on history and found many successors in the twentieth century. Radicals' prevarications were the result of prohibitive legislation that regulated the life of associations and the refusal of the authorities to cooperate with them. As mentioned above, the term radical was greatly used and the contemporaries of the period starting from the French Revolution to Chartism never had to quarrel about the notions the word radical covered. However, this does not imply that all radicals were the same or that they belong to the same entity. Equally to Horne Tooke, the Reverend and ultra-Tory Stephens was considered as a radical, it went also with the shoemaker Thomas Hardy and the extravagant aristocrat Francis Burdett. Whether one belonged to the Aristocracy, the middle-class, the lower class or the Church, nothing could prevent him from being a radical. Surely, anybody could be a radical in its own way. Radicalism was wide enough to embrace everybody, from revolutionary reformers to paternalistic Tories. We were interested to clarify the meaning of the term radical because its inclusive nature was overlooked by historians. That's why the term radical figures in the original title of our dissertation Les voix/voies radicales (radical voices/ways to radicalism). In the French title, both words voix/voies are homonymous; the first one voix (voice) correspond to people, the second one voies (ways) refers to ideas. By this, we wanted to show that the word radical belongs to the sphere of ideas and common experience but also to the nature of human beings. Methodoloy The thesis stresses less on the question of class and its formation than on the circumstances that brought people to change their destiny and those of their fellows or to modernize the whole society. We challenged the work of E.P. Thompson, who in his famous book, The Making of the English Working Class, defined the radical movements in accordance with an idea of class. How a simple shoe-maker, Thomas Hardy, could become the center of attention during a trial where he was accused of being the mastermind of a modern revolution? What brought William Cobbett, an ultra-Tory, self-taught intellectual, to gradually espouse the cause of universal suffrage at a period where it was unpopular to do so? Why a whole population gathered to hear Henry Hunt, a gentleman farmer whose background did not destine him for becoming the champion of the people? It seemed that the easiest way to answer to these questions and to understand the nature of the popular movements consisted in studying the life of their leaders. We aimed at reconstructing the universe which surrounded the principal actors of the reform movements as if we were a privileged witness of theses times. This idea to associate the biographies of historical characters for a period of more than fifty years arouse when we realized that key events of the reform movements were echoing each other, such the trial of Thomas Hardy in 1794 and the massacre of Peterloo of 1819. The more we learned about the major events of radicalism and the life of their leaders, the more we were intrigued. Finally, one could ask himself if being a radical was not after all a question of character rather than one of class. The different popular movements in favour of a parliamentary reform were in fact far more inclusive and diversified from what historians traditionally let us to believe. For instance, once he manage to gather a sufficient number of members of the popular classes, Thomas Hardy projected to give the control of his association to an intellectual elite led by Horne Tooke. Moreover, supporters of the radical reforms followed leaders whose background was completely different as theirs. For example, O'Connor claimed royal descent from the ancient kings of Ireland. William Cobbett, owner of a popular newspaper was proud of his origins as a farmer. William Lovett, close to the liberals and a few members of parliament came from a very poor family of fishermen. We have thus put together the life of these five men, Thomas hardy, William Cobbett, Henry Hunt, William Lovett and Feargus O'Connor in order to compose a sort of a saga of the radicals. This association gives us a better idea of the characteristics of the different movements in which they participated, but also, throw light on the circumstances of their formation and their failures, on the particular atmosphere which prevailed at these times, on the men who influenced these epochs, and finally on the marks they had left. These men were at the heart of a whole network and in contact with other actors of peripheral movements. They gathered around themselves close and loyal fellows with whom they shared many struggles but also quarreled and had strong words. The original part of our approach is reflected in the choice to not consider studying the fluctuations of the radical movements in a linear fashion where the story follows a strict chronology. We decided to split up the main issue of the thesis through different topics. To do so, we simply have described the life of the people who inspired these movements. Each historical figure covers a chapter, and the general story follows a chronological progression. Sometimes we had to go back through time or discuss the same events in different chapters when the main protagonists lived in the same period of time. Radical movements were influenced by people of different backgrounds. What united them above all was their wish to obtain a normalization of the political world, to redress injustices and obtain parliamentary reform. We paid particular attention to the moments where the life of these men corresponded to an intense activity of the radical movement or to a transition of its ideas and organization. We were not so much interested in their feelings about secondary topics nor did we about their affective relations. Furthermore, we had little interest in their opinions on things which were not connected to our topic unless it helped us to have a better understanding of their personality. We have purposely reduced the description of our protagonists to their radical sphere. Of course we talked about their background and their intellectual development; people are prone to experience reversals of opinions, the case of Cobbett is the most striking one. The life of these personalities coincided with particular moments of the radical movement, such as the first popular political associations, the first open-air mass meetings, the first popular newspapers, etc. We wanted to emphasize the personalities of those who addressed speeches and who were present in the radical associations. One could argue that the inconvenience of focusing on a particular person presents a high risk of overlooking events and people who were not part of his world. However, it was essential to differ from an analysis or a chronicle which had prevailed in the studies of the radical movements, as we aimed at offering a point of view that completed the precedents works written on that topic. In order to do so, we have deliberately put the humane character of the radical movement at the center of our work and used the techniques of biography as a narrative thread. Conclusion The life of each historical figure that we have portrayed corresponded to a particular epoch of the radical movement. Comparing the speeches of the radical leaders over a long period of time, we noticed that the radical ideology evolved. The principles of the Rights of Men faded away and gave place to more concrete reasoning, such as the right to benefit from one's own labour. This transition is characterized by the Chartist period of Feargus O'Connor. This does not mean that collective memory and radical tradition ceased to play an important part. The popular classes were always appealed to Constitutional rhetoric and popular myths. Indeed, thanks to them they identified themselves and justified their claims to universal suffrage. We focused on the life of a few influent leaders of radicalism in order to understand its evolution and its nature. The description of their lives constituted our narrative thread and it enabled us to maintain consistency in our thesis. If the chapters are independent the one from the other, events and speeches are in correspondences. Sometimes we could believe that we were witnessing a repetition of facts and events as if history was repeating itself endlessly. However, like technical progress, the spirit of time, Zeitgeist, experiences changes and mutations. These features are fundamental elements to comprehend historical phenomena; the latter cannot be simplified to philosophical, sociological, or historical concept. History is a science which has this particularity that the physical reality of phenomena has a human dimension. As a consequence, it is essential not to lose touch with the human aspect of history when one pursues studies and intellectual activities on a historical phenomenon. We decided to take a route opposite to the one taken by many historians. We have first identified influential people from different epochs before entering into concepts analysis. Thanks to this compilation of radical leaders, a new and fresh look to the understanding of radicalism was possible. Of course, we were not the first one to have studied them, but we ordered them following a chronology, like Plutarch enjoyed juxtaposing Greeks and Romans historical figures. Thanks to this technique we wanted to highlight the features of the radical leaders' speeches, personalities and epochs, but also their differences. At last, we tried to draw the outlines and the heart of different radical movements in order to follow the ways that led to radicalism. We do not pretend to have offered an original and exclusive definition of radicalism, we mainly wanted to understand the nature of what defines somebody as a radical and explain the reasons why thousands of people decided to believe in this man. Moreover, we wanted to distance ourselves from the ideological debate of the Cold War which permeated also the interpretation of past events. Too often, the history of radicalism was either narrated with a form of revolutionary nostalgia or in order to praise the merits of liberalism. If the great mass meetings ends in the mid-nineteenth-century with the fall of Chartism, this practice spread out in the whole world in the twentieth-century. Incidentally, the Arab Spring of the beginning of the twenty-first-century demonstrated that a popular platform was the best way for the people to claim their rights and destabilize a political system which they found too authoritative. Through protest the people express an essential quality of revolt, which is an expression of emancipation from fear. From then on, a despotic regime loses this psychological terror which helped it to maintain itself into power. The balance of power between the government and its people would also take a new turn. The radicals won this psychological victory more than 150 years ago and yet universal suffrage was obtained only a century later. From the acceptance of the principles of liberties to their cultural practice, a long route has to be taken to change people's mind. It is a wearisome struggle for the most vulnerable people. In the light of western history, fundamental liberties must be constantly defended. Paradoxically, revolt is an essential and constitutive element of the maintenance of democracy.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@book{OPUS4-7314,
  title     = {Auswertung der Befragung zum Mediennutzungsverhalten Studierender an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2199-6520},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73147},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {25},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Ver{\"o}ffentlichung gibt die Ergebnisse einer Befragung von 1247 Studierenden der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam zu deren Mediennutzungsgewohnheiten wieder. Von besonderem Interesse war die Nutzung digitaler Medien im Kontext des Studiums. Die Untersuchung basiert auf einer Reihe gleichartiger Forschungsarbeiten des Karlsruher Instituts f{\"u}r Technologie (KIT), die an mehreren deutschen Hochschulen durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Pixner2014,
  author    = {Pixner, Sofia},
  title     = {Evaluation einer Gesundheitspr{\"a}ventionsmaßnahme f{\"u}r baden-w{\"u}rttembergische Lehrkr{\"a}fte (Lehrergesundheitsprojekt) gem{\"a}ß dem "Lehrer/innen-Coaching nach dem Freiburger Modell" in zwei Darbietungsmodi},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77998},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {192},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In der Berufsgruppe der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer besteht eine hohe Pr{\"a}valenz psychischer und psychosomatischer Erkrankungen. Aus- und Weiterbildungsangebote zur Vermittlung lehrerspezifischer sozialer Kompetenzen spielen eine wichtige Rolle bei der F{\"o}rderung der Lehrergesundheit. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde das „Lehrer/innen-Coaching nach dem Freiburger Modell" evaluiert, welches die Kompetenz von Lehrkr{\"a}ften st{\"a}rken soll, innerhalb der Schule und insbesondere im Unterricht, schwierige interpersonelle Situationen aktiv und konstruktiv zu gestalten. Damit sollen stressbedingte gesundheitliche Belastungen abgebaut und dem Entstehen gravierender psychischer St{\"o}rungen vorgebeugt werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden zwei modifizierte Versionen dieses Programms erstmalig im Rahmen einer landesweiten Feldstudie untersucht. Die zentralen Evaluationsfragestellungen beziehen sich auf die Effektivit{\"a}t der Intervention als Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderungsmaßnahme (Akzeptanz, Wirksamkeit, Wirksamkeitsvergleich der beiden Interventionsformen im landesweiten Einsatz). Daneben strebt die Studie einen Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen einer Vorg{\"a}ngerstudie sowie die Generierung weiterer Erkenntnisse zum Zusammenhang zwischen Aspekten der sozialen Kompetenz von Lehrkr{\"a}ften und ihrer psychischen Gesundheit an. An der Maßnahme konnten alle baden-w{\"u}rttembergischen Lehrerinnen und Lehrer mit einer Berufserfahrung von mindestens 10 Jahren teilnehmen. F{\"u}r die Untersuchung der Wirksamkeit der Maßnahme und des Wirksamkeitsvergleichs der beiden unterschiedlichen Formen liegt ein quasiexperimentelles Design mit insgesamt zwei Messzeitpunkten vor. In die Auswertung zur Wirksamkeit der Intervention konnten die Daten von den 314 Teilnehmern einbezogen werden. Die Messinstrumente, die in der vorliegenden Studie zur Anwendung kamen, waren der General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), das Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-D) und die ins Deutsche {\"u}bersetzte Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) in der an Lehrer adaptierten Form. Die Evaluationsergebnisse zeigen, dass die Teilnahme am „Lehrer/innen-Coaching nach dem Freiburger Modell" mit einer signifikanten Verbesserung der gesundheitsbezogenen abh{\"a}ngigen Variablen einhergeht. Besonders hervorzuheben ist die ausgepr{\"a}gte Verbesserung der mittels GHQ-12 erfassten psychischen Gesundheit. Das Ergebnis des Pr{\"a}-Post-Vergleichs der Gesundheitswerte beider Interventionsgruppen best{\"a}tigte sich auch im Vergleich zu einer Null-Interventionsgruppe: Entsprechend der Hypothese gab es bei den Teilnehmern eine signifikant st{\"a}rkere Verbesserung der psychischen Gesundheit als bei den Nicht-Teilnehmern (Null-Interventionsgruppe). Die beiden Interventionsmodi „Kompaktform" und „Kurzform" erwiesen sich im Hinblick auf die Verbesserung der Lehrergesundheit als gleichermaßen wirksam. Zudem zeigen die Ergebnisse der Teilnehmerbefragung, dass die Maßnahme Anklang bei der Zielgruppe fand. Die Akzeptanz durch die Zielgruppe ist f{\"u}r die Wirksamkeit einer auf Freiwilligkeit basierenden verhaltenspr{\"a}ventiven Maßnahme naturgem{\"a}ß eine essenzielle Voraussetzung. Bei der psychischen Gesundheit der Lehrer bestehen - wie aus weiteren Befunden der Studie ersichtlich - bedeutsame Zusammenh{\"a}nge zu einer intakten zwischenmenschlichen Beziehung mit den Sch{\"u}lern, einer gelungenen, durch gegenseitige Unterst{\"u}tzung gekennzeichneten Interaktion im Kollegium und einem entsprechend unterst{\"u}tzenden F{\"u}hrungsverhalten der Schulleitung. Dies macht deutlich, welches besondere Gewicht einer gelingenden Beziehungsgestaltung an Schulen und im Unterricht beizumessen ist. Bez{\"u}glich der Vorgehensweise in der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden einige methodische Limitationen hinsichtlich des Designs diskutiert. Erg{\"a}nzend wird im Ausblick der Evaluationsstudie darauf hingewiesen, wie sich durch die Verkn{\"u}pfung des vorliegenden Programms mit weiteren, auf den Ebenen Verhalten, Verh{\"a}ltnisse und F{\"u}hrung ansetzenden gesundheitspr{\"a}ventiven Maßnahmen, zuk{\"u}nftig die St{\"a}rkung der psychischen Gesundheit von Lehrkr{\"a}ften weiter ausbauen ließe.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Fronton2014,
  author    = {Fronton, Ludivine},
  title     = {Modeling approaches to characterize the disposition of monoclonal antibodies},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76537},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xxi, 133},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are engineered immunoglobulins G (IgG) used for more than 20 years as targeted therapy in oncology, infectious diseases and (auto-)immune disorders. Their protein nature greatly influences their pharmacokinetics (PK), presenting typical linear and non-linear behaviors. While it is common to use empirical modeling to analyze clinical PK data of mAbs, there is neither clear consensus nor guidance to, on one hand, select the structure of classical compartment models and on the other hand, interpret mechanistically PK parameters. The mechanistic knowledge present in physiologically-based PK (PBPK) models is likely to support rational classical model selection and thus, a methodology to link empirical and PBPK models is desirable. However, published PBPK models for mAbs are quite diverse in respect to the physiology of distribution spaces and the parameterization of the non-specific elimination involving the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and endogenous IgG (IgGendo). The remarkable discrepancy between the simplicity of biodistribution data and the complexity of published PBPK models translates in parameter identifiability issues. In this thesis, we address this problem with a simplified PBPK model—derived from a hierarchy of more detailed PBPK models and based on simplifications of tissue distribution model. With the novel tissue model, we are breaking new grounds in mechanistic modeling of mAbs disposition: We demonstrate that binding to FcRn is indeed linear and that it is not possible to infer which tissues are involved in the unspecific elimination of wild-type mAbs. We also provide a new approach to predict tissue partition coefficients based on mechanistic insights: We directly link tissue partition coefficients (Ktis) to data-driven and species-independent published antibody biodistribution coefficients (ABCtis) and thus, we ensure the extrapolation from pre-clinical species to human with the simplified PBPK model. We further extend the simplified PBPK model to account for a target, relevant to characterize the non-linear clearance due to mAb-target interaction. With model reduction techniques, we reduce the dimensionality of the simplified PBPK model to design 2-compartment models, thus guiding classical model development with physiological and mechanistic interpretation of the PK parameters. We finally derive a new scaling approach for anatomical and physiological parameters in PBPK models that translates the inter-individual variability into the design of mechanistic covariate models with direct link to classical compartment models, specially useful for PK population analysis during clinical development.},
  language  = {en}
}
@masterthesis{Jaenchen2014,
  type      = {Bachelor Thesis},
  author    = {J{\"a}nchen, Annabelle},
  title     = {Natur-Bilder in den Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82550},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {38},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Theodor Fontanes ber{\"u}hmte "Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg" haben nicht nur einen großen Teil zur touristischen und literarischen Erschließung der Mark Brandenburg beigetragen, sondern auch nahezu ein eigenes Genre an Spurensuchenden und Nachwanderern begr{\"u}ndet. In den Regalen g{\"a}ngiger Buchhandlungen finden sich immer wieder „Wanderungen nach Fontane", Wandernde „unterwegs mit Fontane" oder - wie erst k{\"u}rzlich im M{\"a}rz 2014 erschienen - "Wir sind jetzt hier. Neue Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg" von Bj{\"o}rn Kuhligk und Tom Schulz. Dabei stellt sich die Frage: Wie wird heute, fast 150 Jahre nach Fontanes Wanderungen, die Natur als Landschaft in „neuen" Wanderungen „neu" verhandelt? Der Schwerpunkt dieser Fragestellung liegt dabei auf den literarischen Vermittlungsformen beider Werke; darauf, wie die Natur als Landschaft vermittelt und wie das in ihr Gesehene und Erlebte in den Texten poetisiert wird. Bearbeitet wird die Fragestellung anhand einer Analyse der literarischen Vermittlung von Naturr{\"a}umen. Die Betrachtung Fontanescher Charakteristika der Vermittlung und Literarisierung von Natur basiert in erster Linie auf der umfangreichen Forschungsliteratur. Eigene Beobachtungen aus den "Neuen Wanderungen" werden dieser gegen{\"u}ber gestellt. Aus der Zusammenstellung der so gewonnenen Eindr{\"u}cke k{\"o}nnen abschließend Erkenntnisse dar{\"u}ber formuliert werden, inwiefern sich „alte" und „neue" Wanderungen {\"a}hneln und welche neuen Tendenzen die Gegenwartsliteratur aufweist.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schwarz2014,
  author    = {Schwarz, Franziska},
  title     = {Einfluss von Kalorienrestriktion auf den Metabolismus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-83147},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {130},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Die H{\"a}ufung von Diabetes, Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen und einigen Krebsarten, deren Entstehung auf {\"U}bergewicht und Bewegungsmangel zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren sind, ist ein aktuelles Problem unserer Gesellschaft. Insbesondere mit fortschreitendem Alter nehmen die damit einhergehenden Komplikationen zu. Umso bedeutender ist das Verst{\"a}ndnis der pathologischen Mechanismen in Folge von Adipositas, Bewegungsmangel, des Alterungsprozesses und den Einfluss-nehmenden Faktoren. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Entstehung metabolischer Erkrankungen beim Menschen zu untersuchen. Die Auswertung von Verlaufsdaten anthropometrischer und metabolischer Parameter der 584 Teilnehmern der prospektiven ‚Metabolisches Syndrom Berlin Potsdam Follow-up Studie' wies f{\"u}r die gesamte Kohorte einen Anstieg an {\"U}bergewicht, ebenso eine Verschlechterung des Blutdrucks und des Glukosestoffwechsels auf. Wir untersuchten, ob das Hormon FGF21 Einfluss an dem Auftreten eines Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 (T2DM) oder des Metabolischen Syndroms (MetS) hat. Wir konnten zeigen, dass Personen, die sp{\"a}ter ein MetS entwickeln, bereits zu Studienbeginn einen erh{\"o}hten FGF21-Spiegel, einen h{\"o}heren BMI, WHR, Hb1Ac und diastolischen Blutdruck aufwiesen. Neben FGF21 wurde auch Vaspin in diesem Zusammenhang untersucht. Es zeigte sich, dass Personen, die sp{\"a}ter einen T2DM entwickeln, neben einer Erh{\"o}hung klinischer Parameter tendenziell erh{\"o}hte Spiegel des Hormons aufwiesen. Mit FGF21 und Vaspin wurden hier zwei neue Faktoren f{\"u}r die Vorhersage des Metabolischen Syndroms bzw. Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 identifiziert. Der langfristige Effekt einer Gewichtsreduktion wurde in einer Subkohorte von 60 Personen untersucht. Der {\"u}berwiegende Teil der Probanden mit Gewichtsabnahme-Intervention nahm in der ersten sechsmonatigen Phase erfolgreich ab. Jedoch zeigte sich ein deutlicher Trend zur Wiederzunahme des verlorenen Gewichts {\"u}ber den Beobachtungszeitraum von f{\"u}nf Jahren. Von besonderem Interesse war die Absch{\"a}tzung des kardiovaskul{\"a}ren Risikos {\"u}ber den Framingham Score. Es wurde deutlich, dass f{\"u}r Personen mit konstanter Gewichtsabnahme ein deutlich geringeres kardiovaskul{\"a}res Risiko bestand. Hingegen zeigten Personen mit konstanter Wiederzunahme oder starken Gewichtsschwankungen ein hohes kardiovaskul{\"a}res Risiko. Unsere Daten legten nahe, dass eine erfolgreiche dauerhafte Gewichtsreduktion statistisch mit einem erniedrigten kardiovaskul{\"a}ren Risiko assoziiert ist, w{\"a}hrend Probanden mit starken Gewichtsschwankungen oder einer Gewichtszunahme ein gesteigertes Risiko haben k{\"o}nnten. Um die Interaktion der molekularen Vorg{\"a}nge hinsichtlich der Gewichtsreduktion und Lebensspanne untersuchen zu k{\"o}nnen, nutzen wir den Modellorganismus C.elegans. Eine kontinuierliche Restriktion wirkte sich verl{\"a}ngernd, eine {\"U}berversorgung verk{\"u}rzend auf die Lebensspanne des Rundwurms aus. Der Einfluss eines zeitlich eingeschr{\"a}nkten, intermittierenden Nahrungsregimes, analog zum Weight-Cycling im Menschen, auf die Lebensspanne war von großem Interesse. Dieser regelm{\"a}ßige Wechsel zwischen ad libitum F{\"u}tterung und Restriktion hatte in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der H{\"a}ufigkeit der Restriktion einen unterschiedlich starken lebensverl{\"a}ngernden Effekt. Ph{\"a}nomene, wie Gewichtswiederzunahmen, sind in C.elegans nicht zu beobachten und beruhen vermutlich auf einem Mechanismus ist, der evolution{\"a}r j{\"u}nger und in C.elegans noch nicht angelegt ist. Um neue Stoffwechselwege zu identifizieren, die die Lebensspanne beeinflussen, wurden Metabolitenprofile genetischer als auch di{\"a}tetischer Langlebigkeitsmodelle analysiert. Diese Analysen wiesen den Tryptophan-Stoffwechsel als einen neuen, bisher noch nicht im Fokus stehenden Stoffwechselweg aus, der mit Langlebigkeit in Verbindung steht.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{BrandHeckZiegler2014,
  author    = {Brand, Ralf and Heck, Philipp and Ziegler, Matthias},
  title     = {Illegal performance enhancing drugs and doping in sport},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401404},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background: Doping attitude is a key variable in predicting athletes' intention to use forbidden performance enhancing drugs. Indirect reaction-time based attitude tests, such as the implicit association test, conceal the ultimate goal of measurement from the participant better than questionnaires. Indirect tests are especially useful when socially sensitive constructs such as attitudes towards doping need to be described. The present study serves the development and validation of a novel picture-based brief implicit association test (BIAT) for testing athletes' attitudes towards doping in sport. It shall provide the basis for a transnationally compatible research instrument able to harmonize anti-doping research efforts. Method: Following a known-group differences validation strategy, the doping attitudes of 43 athletes from bodybuilding (representative for a highly doping prone sport) and handball (as a contrast group) were compared using the picture-based doping-BIAT. The Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale (PEAS) was employed as a corresponding direct measure in order to additionally validate the results. Results: As expected, in the group of bodybuilders, indirectly measured doping attitudes as tested with the picture-based doping-BIAT were significantly less negative (eta(2) = .11). The doping-BIAT and PEAS scores correlated significantly at r = .50 for bodybuilders, and not significantly at r = .36 for handball players. There was a low error rate (7\%) and a satisfactory internal consistency (r(dagger dagger) = .66) for the picture-based doping-BIAT. Conclusions: The picture-based doping-BIAT constitutes a psychometrically tested method, ready to be adopted by the international research community. The test can be administered via the internet. All test material is available "open source". The test might be implemented, for example, as a new effect-measure in the evaluation of prevention programs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BrandWolffThieme2014,
  author    = {Brand, Ralf and Wolff, Wanja and Thieme, Detlef},
  title     = {Using response-time latencies to measure athletes' doping attitudes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401430},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background: Knowing and, if necessary, altering competitive athletes' real attitudes towards the use of banned performance-enhancing substances is an important goal of worldwide doping prevention efforts. However athletes will not always be willing to reporting their real opinions. Reaction time-based attitude tests help conceal the ultimate goal of measurement from the participant and impede strategic answering. This study investigated how well a reaction time-based attitude test discriminated between athletes who were doping and those who were not. We investigated whether athletes whose urine samples were positive for at least one banned substance (dopers) evaluated doping more favorably than clean athletes (non-dopers). Methods: We approached a group of 61 male competitive bodybuilders and collected urine samples for biochemical testing. The pictorial doping Brief Implicit Association Test (BIAT) was used for attitude measurement. This test quantifies the difference in response latencies (in milliseconds) to stimuli representing related concepts (i.e. doping-dislike/like-[health food]). Results: Prohibited substances were found in 43\% of all tested urine samples. Dopers had more lenient attitudes to doping than non-dopers (Hedges's g = -0.76). D-scores greater than -0.57 (CI95 = -0.72 to -0.46) might be indicative of a rather lenient attitude to doping. In urine samples evidence of administration of combinations of substances, complementary administration of substances to treat side effects and use of stimulants to promote loss of body fat was common. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that athletes' attitudes to doping can be assessed indirectly with a reaction time-based test, and that their attitudes are related to their behavior. Although bodybuilders may be more willing to reveal their attitude to doping than other athletes, these results still provide evidence that the pictorial doping BIAT may be useful in athletes from other sports, perhaps as a complementary measure in evaluations of the effectiveness of doping prevention interventions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Scheller2014,
  author    = {Scheller, Henrik},
  title     = {Ed Turner, political parties and public policy in the German L{\"a}nder},
  series = {Party politics},
  journal   = {Party politics},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404163},
  pages     = {2},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {kein abstract vorhanden},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{TianHerzschuhMischkeetal.2014,
  author    = {Tian, Fang and Herzschuh, Ulrike and Mischke, Steffen and Schl{\"u}tz, Frank},
  title     = {What drives the recent intensified vegetation degradation in Mongolia},
  series = {The Holocene},
  journal   = {The Holocene},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404201},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {This study examines the course and driving forces of recent vegetation change in the Mongolian steppe. A sediment core covering the last 55years from a small closed-basin lake in central Mongolia was analyzed for its multi-proxy record at annual resolution. Pollen analysis shows that highest abundances of planted Poaceae and highest vegetation diversity occurred during 1977-1992, reflecting agricultural development in the lake area. A decrease in diversity and an increase in Artemisia abundance after 1992 indicate enhanced vegetation degradation in recent times, most probably because of overgrazing and farmland abandonment. Human impact is the main factor for the vegetation degradation within the past decades as revealed by a series of redundancy analyses, while climate change and soil erosion play subordinate roles. High Pediastrum (a green algae) influx, high atomic total organic carbon/total nitrogen (TOC/TN) ratios, abundant coarse detrital grains, and the decrease of C-13(org) and N-15 since about 1977 but particularly after 1992 indicate that abundant terrestrial organic matter and nutrients were transported into the lake and caused lake eutrophication, presumably because of intensified land use. Thus, we infer that the transition to a market economy in Mongolia since the early 1990s not only caused dramatic vegetation degradation but also affected the lake ecosystem through anthropogenic changes in the catchment area.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{VoellerGittJannowitzetal.2014,
  author    = {V{\"o}ller, Heinz and Gitt, Anselm and Jannowitz, Christina and Karoff, Marthin and Karmann, Barbara and Pittrow, David and Reibis, Rona Katharina and Hildemann, Steven},
  title     = {Treatment patterns, risk factor control and functional capacity in patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease in the cardiac rehabilitation setting},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {381},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404065},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a frequent comorbidity among elderly patients and those with cardiovascular disease. CKD carries prognostic relevance. We aimed to describe patient characteristics, risk factor management and control status of patients in cardiac rehabilitation (CR), differentiated by presence or absence of CKD. Design and methods: Data from 92,071 inpatients with adequate information to calculate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on the Cockcroft-Gault formula were analyzed at the beginning and the end of a 3-week CR stay. CKD was defined as estimated GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Results: Compared with non-CKD patients, CKD patients were significantly older (72.0 versus 58.0 years) and more often had diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and atherothrombotic manifestations (previous stroke, peripheral arterial disease), but fewer were current or previous smokers had a CHD family history. Exercise capacity was much lower in CKD (59 vs. 92Watts). Fewer patients with CKD were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but more had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Patients with CKD compared with non-CKD less frequently received statins, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), clopidogrel, beta blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and more frequently received angiotensin receptor blockers, insulin and oral anticoagulants. In CKD, mean low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were slightly higher at baseline, while triglycerides were substantially lower. This lipid pattern did not change at the discharge visit, but overall control rates for all described parameters (with the exception of HDL-C) were improved substantially. At discharge, systolic blood pressure (BP) was higher in CKD (124 versus 121 mmHg) and diastolic BP was lower (72 versus 74 mmHg). At discharge, 68.7\% of CKD versus 71.9\% of non-CKD patients had LDL-C <100 mg/dl. Physical fitness on exercise testing improved substantially in both groups. When the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula was used for CKD classification, there was no clinically relevant change in these results. Conclusion: Within a short period of 3-4 weeks, CR led to substantial improvements in key risk factors such as lipid profile, blood pressure, and physical fitness for all patients, even if CKD was present.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HoehleHoernigWeskottetal.2014,
  author    = {H{\"o}hle, Barbara and H{\"o}rnig, Robin and Weskott, Thomas and Knauf, Selene and Kr{\"u}ger, Agnes},
  title     = {Effects of focus and definiteness on children's word order},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {511},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41569},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415695},
  pages     = {31},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Two experiments tested how faithfully German children aged 4; 5 to 5; 6 reproduce ditransitive sentences that are unmarked or marked with respect to word order and focus (Exp1) or definiteness (Exp2). Adopting an optimality theory (OT) approach, it is assumed that in the German adult grammar word order is ranked lower than focus and definiteness. Faithfulness of children's reproductions decreased as markedness of inputs increased; unmarked structures were reproduced most faithfully and unfaithful outputs had most often an unmarked form. Consistent with the OT proposal, children were more tolerant against inputs marked for word order than for focus; in conflict with the proposal, children were less tolerant against inputs marked for word order than for definiteness. Our results suggest that the linearization of objects in German double object constructions is affected by focus and definiteness, but that prosodic principles may have an impact on the position of a focused constituent.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KaiserNoackCordieretal.2014,
  author    = {Kaiser, Eurika and Noack, Bernd R. and Cordier, Laurent and Spohn, Andreas and Segond, Marc and Abel, Markus and Daviller, Guillaume and Osth, Jan and Krajnovic, Sinisa and Niven, Robert K.},
  title     = {Cluster-based reduced-order modelling of a mixing layer},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {605},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41611},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416113},
  pages     = {365 -- 414},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {We propose a novel cluster-based reduced-order modelling (CROM) strategy for unsteady flows. CROM combines the cluster analysis pioneered in Gunzburger's group (Burkardt, Gunzburger \& Lee, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engng, vol. 196, 2006a, pp. 337-355) and transition matrix models introduced in fluid dynamics in Eckhardt's group (Schneider, Eckhardt \& Vollmer, Phys. Rev. E, vol. 75, 2007, art. 066313). CROM constitutes a potential alternative to POD models and generalises the Ulam-Galerkin method classically used in dynamical systems to determine a finite-rank approximation of the Perron-Frobenius operator. The proposed strategy processes a time-resolved sequence of flow snapshots in two steps. First, the snapshot data are clustered into a small number of representative states, called centroids, in the state space. These centroids partition the state space in complementary non-overlapping regions (centroidal Voronoi cells). Departing from the standard algorithm, the probabilities of the clusters are determined, and the states are sorted by analysis of the transition matrix. Second, the transitions between the states are dynamically modelled using a Markov process. Physical mechanisms are then distilled by a refined analysis of the Markov process, e. g. using finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) and entropic methods. This CROM framework is applied to the Lorenz attractor (as illustrative example), to velocity fields of the spatially evolving incompressible mixing layer and the three-dimensional turbulent wake of a bluff body. For these examples, CROM is shown to identify non-trivial quasi-attractors and transition processes in an unsupervised manner. CROM has numerous potential applications for the systematic identification of physical mechanisms of complex dynamics, for comparison of flow evolution models, for the identification of precursors to desirable and undesirable events, and for flow control applications exploiting nonlinear actuation dynamics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HoosLindauerSchaub2014,
  author    = {Hoos, Holger and Lindauer, Marius and Schaub, Torsten H.},
  title     = {claspfolio 2},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {606},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41612},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416129},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Building on the award-winning, portfolio-based ASP solver claspfolio, we present claspfolio 2, a modular and open solver architecture that integrates several different portfolio-based algorithm selection approaches and techniques. The claspfolio 2 solver framework supports various feature generators, solver selection approaches, solver portfolios, as well as solver-schedule-based pre-solving techniques. The default configuration of claspfolio 2 relies on a light-weight version of the ASP solver clasp to generate static and dynamic instance features. The flexible open design of claspfolio 2 is a distinguishing factor even beyond ASP. As such, it provides a unique framework for comparing and combining existing portfolio-based algorithm selection approaches and techniques in a single, unified framework. Taking advantage of this, we conducted an extensive experimental study to assess the impact of different feature sets, selection approaches and base solver portfolios. In addition to gaining substantial insights into the utility of the various approaches and techniques, we identified a default configuration of claspfolio 2 that achieves substantial performance gains not only over clasp's default configuration and the earlier version of claspfolio, but also over manually tuned configurations of clasp.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Spahn2014,
  author    = {Spahn, Hannah},
  title     = {John Ragosta, Religious Freedom},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe},
  number    = {158},
  issn      = {1866-8380},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41536},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415362},
  pages     = {880 -- 882},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {kein abstract},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ClahsenFleischhauer2014,
  author    = {Clahsen, Harald and Fleischhauer, Elisabeth},
  title     = {Morphological priming in child German},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {529},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41549},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415491},
  pages     = {1305 -- 1333},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Regular and irregular inflection in children's production has been examined in many previous studies. Yet, little is known about the processes involved in children's recognition of inflected words. To gain insight into how children process inflected words, the current study examines regular -t and irregular -n participles of German using the cross-modal priming technique testing 108 monolingual German-speaking children in two age groups (group I, mean age: 8;4, group II, mean age: 9;9) and a control group of.. adults. Although both age groups of children had the same full priming effect as adults for -t forms, only children of age group II showed an adult-like (partial) priming effect for -n participles. We argue that children (within the age range tested) employ the same mechanisms for regular inflection as adults but that the lexical retrieval processes required for irregular forms become more efficient when children get older.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{AdaniForgiariniGuastietal.2014,
  author    = {Adani, Flavia and Forgiarini, Matteo and Guasti, Maria Teresa and Van der Lely, Heather K. J.},
  title     = {Number dissimilarities facilitate the comprehension of relative clauses in children with (Grammatical) Specific Language Impairment},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {525},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41545},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415453},
  pages     = {811 -- 841},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {This study investigates whether number dissimilarities on subject and object DPs facilitate the comprehension of subject-and object-extracted centre-embedded relative clauses in children with Grammatical Specific Language Impairment (G-SLI). We compared the performance of a group of English-speaking children with G-SLI (mean age: 12; 11) with that of two groups of younger typically developing (TD) children, matched on grammar and receptive vocabulary, respectively. All groups were more accurate on subject-extracted relative clauses than object-extracted ones and, crucially, they all showed greater accuracy for sentences with dissimilar number features (i.e., one singular, one plural) on the head noun and the embedded DP. These findings are interpreted in the light of current psycholinguistic models of sentence comprehension in TD children and provide further insight into the linguistic nature of G-SLI.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{SultanovKalyakinTarkhanov2014,
  author    = {Sultanov, Oskar and Kalyakin, Leonid and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich},
  title     = {Elliptic perturbations of dynamical systems with a proper node},
  volume    = {3},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2193-6943},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70460},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The paper is devoted to asymptotic analysis of the Dirichlet problem for a second order partial differential equation containing a small parameter multiplying the highest order derivatives. It corresponds to a small perturbation of a dynamical system having a stationary solution in the domain. We focus on the case where the trajectories of the system go into the domain and the stationary solution is a proper node.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MorgnerLecointreCharbonniereetal.2014,
  author    = {Morgner, Frank and Lecointre, Alexandre and Charbonni{\`e}re, Loic J. and L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd},
  title     = {Detecting free hemoglobin in blood plasma and serum with luminescent terbium complexes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99485},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Hemolysis, the rupturing of red blood cells, can result from numerous medical conditions (in vivo) or occur after collecting blood specimen or extracting plasma and serum out of whole blood (in vitro). In clinical laboratory practice, hemolysis can be a serious problem due to its potential to bias detection of various analytes or biomarkers. Here we present the first ''mix-and-measure'' method to assess the degree of hemolysis in biosamples using luminescence spectroscopy. Luminescent terbium complexes (LTC) were studied in the presence of free hemoglobin (Hb) as indicators for hemolysis in TRIS-buffer, and in fresh human plasma with absorption, excitation and emission measurements. Our findings indicate dynamic as well as resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the LTC and the porphyrin ligand of hemoglobin. This transfer leads to a decrease in luminescence intensity and decay time even at nanomolar hemoglobin concentrations either in buffer or plasma. Luminescent terbium complexes are very sensitive to free hemoglobin in buffer and blood plasma. Due to the instant change in luminescence properties of the LTC in presence of Hb it is possible to access the concentration of hemoglobin via spectroscopic methods without incubation time or further treatment of the sample thus enabling a rapid and sensitive detection of hemolysis in clinical diagnostics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Laschewsky2014,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Structures and synthesis of zwitterionic polymers},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {1043},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-47616},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-476167},
  pages     = {60},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {The structures and synthesis of polyzwitterions ("polybetaines") are reviewed, emphasizing the literature of the past decade. Particular attention is given to the general challenges faced, and to successful strategies to obtain polymers with a true balance of permanent cationic and anionic groups, thus resulting in an overall zero charge. Also, the progress due to applying new methodologies from general polymer synthesis, such as controlled polymerization methods or the use of "click" chemical reactions is presented. Furthermore, the emerging topic of responsive ("smart") polyzwitterions is addressed. The considerations and critical discussions are illustrated by typical examples.},
  language  = {en}
}