@phdthesis{Karnahl2010,
  author    = {Karnahl, Brita},
  title     = {Vergleichende Untersuchungen von Leistungs- und Stoffwechselparametern im ergometrischen Test an Land und im Wasser},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49523},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Einleitung: Vorliegende empirische Daten verdeutlichen, dass in der Fachwelt zwar weites gehend Einigkeit {\"u}ber die Wirkung des Mediums Wasser auf den Organismus in Ruhe (metabolisch und endokrin) besteht, aber differente Aussagen bei Immersion und Bewegung (h{\"a}modynamisch, metabolisch und endokrin) getroffen werden. Wie unterscheidet sich die physische Beanspruchung an Land und im Wasser? Gelten die allgemeing{\"u}ltigen Empfehlungen an Land zur Steuerung erw{\"u}nschter Trainings- bzw. Belastungseffekte auch f{\"u}r aquale Bewegungs- und Trainingsformen? Ergebnisse und Diskussion: Die Herzfrequenz, der systolische Blutdruck und der Sauerstoffverbrauch waren in Ruhe (baseline) an der anaeroben Schwelle und w{\"a}hrend der Ausbelastung auf dem Land und im Wasser {\"a}hnlich. Der Respiratorische Quotient wurde gering reduziert, als die Probanden im Wasser trainierten. Die Glukose- und Laktatkonzentration wurden vermindert, wohingegen die freie Fetts{\"a}urekonzentration mit der Belastung im Wasser erh{\"o}ht wurde. Wasserimmersion senkte die Adrenalin- und Noradrenalinkonzentration und erh{\"o}hte die vermehrte ANP-Produktion w{\"a}hrend der Belastung. Belastungsinduzierte Anstiege endokriner Parameter (Adrenalin und Noradrenalin) sind im Wasser geringer ausgepr{\"a}gt als an Land. Hinsichtlich der Stoffwechselregulation konnte beobachtet werden, dass ANP eine Rolle bei der Regulation des Fettstoffwechsels spielt. Die Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass Belastungen im Wasser vor allem eine spezifische humorale und metabolische Antwort des Organismus entlocken. Belastungsinduzierte Anstiege endokriner Parameter (Katecholamine) im Wasser sind geringer ausgepr{\"a}gt als an Land. Immersions- und Belastungseffekte scheinen teilweise kontr{\"a}re Reize zu sein. Es sind daher weiterhin experimentelle Untersuchungen notwendig, um die Regulationsmechanismen des Organismus zur Kompensation eines erh{\"o}hten ven{\"o}sen R{\"u}ckstroms bei Immersion ohne und vor allem mit Bewegung zu kl{\"a}ren. Auf Grund der geringen Unterschiede in der h{\"a}modynamischen Reaktion des K{\"o}rpers bei vergleichbarer k{\"o}rperlicher Belastung Land vs. Wasser kann sich an den allgemeing{\"u}ltigen Empfehlungen an Land zur Steuerung erw{\"u}nschter Trainings-bzw. Belastungseffekte auch f{\"u}r aquale Bewegungs- und Trainingsformen orientiert werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Brand2010,
  author    = {Brand, Ralf},
  title     = {Sportpsychologie},
  series = {Basiswissen Psychologie},
  journal   = {Basiswissen Psychologie},
  publisher = {VS Verlag f{\"u}r Sozialwissenschaften / GWV Fachverlage GmbH Wiesbaden},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-531-16699-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-531-92445-8},
  pages     = {155 S.},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HeissEngbertGroepeletal.2010,
  author    = {Heiss, Christian and Engbert, Kai and Groepel, Peter and Ziegler, Matthias and Brand, Ralf},
  title     = {Self-leadership and volition : distinct and potentially supplemental constructs?},
  issn      = {0033-2941},
  doi       = {10.2466/01.03.07.14.Pr0.107.5.447-462},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Self-leadership and volition are conceptually similar concepts. Both propose self-influence strategies that aim to improve the motivation and self-direction necessary to perform well. The present study assesses whether self- leadership strategies maintain construct-specific variance when compared with the similar strategies of volition. Results from a questionnaire study (N=320) indicate that self-leadership and volitional strategies are distinguishable and only moderately (r=.33) correlated. Self-leadership, therefore, supplements volition during goal attainment. Findings are discussed in light of the Rubicon model of action phases.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BunseKillatFritzeetal.2010,
  author    = {Bunse, Joerg and Killat, S. and Fritze, Frauke and Gellert, Klaus},
  title     = {Rektumkarzinom : Licht und Schatten der multimodalen Therapie},
  issn      = {0378-584X},
  doi       = {10.1159/000290860},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HirschmuellerFreyDeibertetal.2010,
  author    = {Hirschmueller, Anja and Frey, Virginie and Deibert, Peter and Konstantinidis, Lukas and Mayer, Frank and Suedkamp, Norbert and Helwig, Peter},
  title     = {Powerdopplersonografische Befunde der Achillessehnen von 953 Langstreckenlaeufern : eine Querschnittsstudie},
  issn      = {0172-4614},
  doi       = {10.1055/s-0029-1245189},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the frequency of tendinopathy-typical Doppler sonographic changes in the Achilles tendons of long distance runners and to correlate these findings with anamnestic and anthropometric data of the subjects. Materials and Methods: 1906 Achilles tendons of 953 long distance runners were examined by ultrasound and power Doppler (Toshiba Aplio SSA-770A/80 12 MHz). Ultrasound images (spindle-shaped thickening, hypoechoic/hyperechoic lesions, neovascularizations) were analyzed in relation to the runners' anthropometrical data and history of Achilles tendon complaints. Results: In asymptomatic runners as well as in the overall group, there was a statistically significant correlation between tendon thickness and age, height and weight (CC 0.24 - 0.38, p < 0.001). Runners with current or healed Achilles tendon complaints displayed a statistically significant thickening of the tendons, as well as an increase in hypoechoic lesions and neovascularizations (p < 0.001). While grayscale abnormalities were rarely found in asymptomatic runners (< 10\%), neovascularization was detected in 35\% of healthy test persons using the high-resolution power Doppler "Advanced Dynamic Flow". Conclusion: Contrary to frequent assumption, neovascularization is often found in tendons of asymptomatic runners, using modern power Doppler equipment. The pathological relevance of single microvessels in asymptomatic tendons must, therefore, be critically discussed.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WiesnerBirkenfeldEngelietal.2010,
  author    = {Wiesner, Stefan and Birkenfeld, Andreas L. and Engeli, Stefan and Haufe, Sven and Brechtel, Lars and Wein, J. and Hermsdorf, Mario and Karnahl, Brita and Berlan, Michel and Lafontan, Max and Sweep, Fred C. G. J. and Luft, Friedrich C. and Jordan, Jens},
  title     = {Neurohumoral and metabolic response to exercise in water},
  issn      = {0018-5043},
  doi       = {10.1055/s-0030-1248250},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) stimulates lipid mobilization and lipid oxidation in humans. The mechanism appears to promote lipid mobilization during exercise. We tested the hypothesis that water immersion augments exercise- induced ANP release and that the change in ANP availability is associated with increased lipid mobilization and lipid oxidation. In an open randomized and cross-over fashion we studied 17 men (age 31 +/- 3.6 years; body mass index 24 +/- 1.7 kg/m(2); body fat 17 +/- 6.7\%) on no medication. Subjects underwent two incremental exercise tests on a bicycle ergometer. One test was conducted on land and the other test during immersion in water up to the xiphoid process. In a subset (n = 7), we obtained electromyography recordings in the left leg. We monitored gas exchange, blood pressure, and heart rate. In addition, we obtained blood samples towards the end of each exercise step to determine ANP, norepinephrine, epinephrine, lactate, free fatty acids, insulin, and glucose concentrations. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold and during peak exercise were similar on land and with exercise in water. The respiratory quotient was mildly reduced when subjects exercised in water. Glucose and lactate measurements were decreased whereas free fatty acid concentrations were increased with exercise in water. Water immersion attenuated epinephrine and norepinephrine and augmented ANP release during exercise. Even though water immersion blunts exercise-induced sympathoadrenal activation, lipid mobilization and lipid oxidation rate are maintained or even improved. The response may be explained by augmented ANP release.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Wick2010,
  author    = {Wick, Ditmar},
  title     = {Multidimensionale und komplexe Analyse kinematischer, dynamischer und elektromyographischer Daten im Jahresverlauf im Leistungsrudern (Skull, m{\"a}nnlich)},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BaurHirschmuellerCasseletal.2010,
  author    = {Baur, Heiner and Hirschm{\"u}ller, Anja and Cassel, Michael and M{\"u}ller, Steffen and Mayer, Frank},
  title     = {Gender-specific neuromuscular activity of the M. peroneus longus in healthy runners : a descriptive laboratory study},
  issn      = {0268-0033},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.06.009},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Background: Gender-specific neuromuscular activity for the ankle (e.g., peroneal muscle) is currently not known. This knowledge may contribute to the understanding of overuse injury mechanisms. The purpose was therefore to analyse the neuromuscular activity of the peroneal muscle in healthy runners. Methods: Fifty-three male and 54 female competitive runners were tested on a treadmill at 3.33 m s(-1). Neuromuscular activity of the M. peroneus longus was measured by electromyography and analysed in the time domain (onset of activation, time of maximum of activation, total time of activation) in \% of stride time in relation to touchdown (= 1.0). Additionally, mean amplitudes for the gait cycle phases preactivation, weight acceptance and push-off were calculated and normalised to the mean activity of the entire gait cycle. Findings: Onset of activation (mean; female: 0.86/male: 0.90, p<0.0001) and time of maximum of activation (female: 1.13/male: 1.16, p<0.0001) occurred earlier in female compared to male and the total time of activation was longer in women (female: 0.42/male: 0.39, p=0.0036). In preactivation, women showed higher amplitudes (+ 21\%) compared to men (female: 1.16/male: 0.92, p<0.0001). Activity during weight acceptance (female: 2.26/male: 2.41, p = 0.0039) and push-off (female: 0.93/male: 1.07, p = 0.0027) were higher in men. Interpretation: Activation strategies of the peroneal muscle appear to be gender-specific. Higher preactivation amplitudes in females indicate a different neuromuscular control in anticipation of touchdown ("pre-programmed activity"). These data may help interpret epidemiologically reported differences between genders in overuse injury frequency and localisation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElbeStrahlerKrustrupetal.2010,
  author    = {Elbe, Anne-Marie and Strahler, Katharina and Krustrup, Peter and Wikman, Johan and Stelter, Reinhard},
  title     = {Experiencing flow in different types of physical activity intervention programs : three randomized studies},
  issn      = {0905-7188},
  doi       = {10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01112.x},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {This study explores whether inactive individuals can experience flow, a rewarding, psychological state, during an exercise intervention and if there are differences according to the type of intervention they perform. Furthermore, the study investigates if experiencing flow is connected to physiological improvements attained during the exercise intervention. The 12- to 16-week interventions included six randomized intervention groups, two female and four male groups performing continuous running, football, interval running and strength training. The results indicate that all six randomized exercise intervention groups experience rather high levels of flow regardless of whether the intervention is a team or individual sport. Differences in experiencing flow, worry and exertion as well as physiological improvements could be found for the different types of sports and the two genders, with the male football group having the highest score for physiological improvement and the lowest score for worry. A connection between experiencing flow and physiological improvement could not be found. Future research should investigate the influence that the participant's gender and also the type of sport have on experiencing flow, worry and perceived exertion. Furthermore, it should be investigated whether experiencing flow is linked to the long-term compliance of regular physical activity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchweizerBluemkeBrandetal.2010,
  author    = {Schweizer, Geoffrey and Bluemke, Matthias and Brand, Ralf and Kahlert, Daniela},
  title     = {Exercise might be good for me, but I don't feel good about it : do automatic associations predict exercise behavior?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42510},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Models employed in exercise psychology highlight the role of reflective processes for explaining behavior change. However, as discussed in social cognition literature, information-processing models also consider automatic processes (dual-process models). To examine the relevance of automatic processing in exercise psychology, we used a priming task to assess the automatic evaluations of exercise stimuli in physically active sport and exercise majors (n = 32), physically active nonsport majors (n = 31), and inactive students (n = 31). Results showed that physically active students responded faster to positive words after exercise primes, whereas inactive students responded more rapidly to negative words. Priming task reaction times were successfully used to predict reported amounts of exercise in an ordinal regression model. Findings were obtained only with experiential items reflecting negative and positive consequences of exercise. The results illustrate the potential importance of dual-process models in exercise psychology.},
  language  = {en}
}