@article{IefremenkoSchroederKornfilt2021,
  author    = {Iefremenko, Kateryna and Schroeder, Christoph and Kornfilt, Jaklin},
  title     = {Converbs in heritage Turkish},
  series = {Nordic journal of linguistics / publ. for The Nordic Association of Linguists},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Nordic journal of linguistics / publ. for The Nordic Association of Linguists},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {0332-5865},
  doi       = {10.1017/S0332586521000160},
  pages     = {130 -- 154},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Turkish expresses adverbial subordination predominantly by means of converb clauses. These are headed by nonfinite verbs, i.e. converbs, which have a converb suffix attached to the stem. The different converbs express different aspectual relations between the subordinate and the superordinate clause, and they can be modifying or non-modifying. We analyse data from speakers of Turkish as a heritage language in Germany and the U.S. as well as monolingual speakers of Turkish in Turkey. The data come from two age groups: adults and adolescents. We show that unlike in canonical Turkish, converbs in heritage Turkish can be multifunctional, meaning that they can express both simultaneity and causality, for example. Furthermore, we show that converbs in heritage Turkish can be both modifying and non-modifying. As possible factors which might be responsible for such variation, we discuss language contact, sociolinguistic differences between the speaker communities (Germany vs. the U.S.) and age of the speakers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Renner2021,
  author    = {Renner, Kaspar},
  title     = {Die „eine deutsche Nation" und die „vielen kleinen V{\"o}lker"},
  series = {{\´E}tudes germaniques : revue trimestrielle de la Soci{\´e}t{\´e} des {\´E}tudes Germaniques},
  volume    = {303},
  journal   = {{\´E}tudes germaniques : revue trimestrielle de la Soci{\´e}t{\´e} des {\´E}tudes Germaniques},
  number    = {3},
  editor    = {Coignard, Tristan and Portes, Lidwine},
  publisher = {Klincksieck},
  address   = {Paris},
  issn      = {0014-2115},
  doi       = {10.3917/eger.303.0301},
  pages     = {301 -- 320},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This article focuses on Herder's unpublished anthology of Ancient Folk Songs (1773-1775). A close reading of the prefaces reveals the dialectic of the ,national' and its critique that is inherent to the anthology. In the preface to the first book, the collection of folk songs is primarily motivated by the idea of building a German national poetry. This project of nation-building with the means of folk poetry can be considered innovative because it aims to bridge the gap between popular and scholarly culture and to activate the audience in all its cognitive and affective potentials. Moreover, the vision of national poetry is intertwined with a comparative perspective on European folkloristics, as the British culture appears as role model for the creative adaption and tradition of popular ballads and songs. Finally, in the preface to the fourth book of the anthology, the songs of ,wild' foreign peoples are not only discovered as a vital resource for the reinvention of national poetry, but, according to Herder's vision, they also constitute an archive of human affects and expressions that transcends national and cultural boundaries.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Keskin2021,
  author    = {Keskin, Cem},
  title     = {Şey-substitution and constituent structure in Turkish},
  series = {Turkic languages},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Turkic languages},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Harrassowitz},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  issn      = {1431-4983},
  doi       = {10.13173/TL.25.2.243},
  pages     = {243 -- 275},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This paper attempts to account for the syntactic distribution of the particle sey in Turkish, in particular its suffixed variant which is a placeholder for expressions that have to be inserted into the discourse later. The paper argues that the distribution of suffixed sey is determined by constituent structure, meaning that Bey can only substitute for syntactic constituents. Thus, sey acts as a pro-form, similar, for instance, to pronouns substituting for noun phrases. This has two implications: First, as sey is a quasi-universal pro-form with the ability to substitute for a wide range of constituents, sey-substitution can be used as a constituency test to peek into the constituent structure of virtually any major syntactic domain. Second, the overall sey-substitution pattern across different syntactic domains constitutes evidence for Kayne's binary branching hypothesis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BoschDeCesareDemskeetal.2021,
  author    = {Bosch, Sina and De Cesare, Ilaria and Demske, Ulrike and Felser, Claudia},
  title     = {New empirical approaches to grammatical variation and change},
  series = {Languages : open access journal},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Languages : open access journal},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2226-471X},
  doi       = {10.3390/languages6030113},
  pages     = {3},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Ernst2021,
  author    = {Ernst, Marion Eva},
  title     = {Negative menschliche Eigenschaften im Spiegel der Vogel-Metaphorik},
  series = {Sprache \& Sprachen : Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sprache und Sprachen},
  journal   = {Sprache \& Sprachen : Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Sprache und Sprachen},
  number    = {Sonderheft},
  publisher = {GeSuS},
  address   = {Gelsenkirchen},
  issn      = {0934-6813},
  pages     = {91 -- 107},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird es um Metaphern und Phraseologismen gehen, in denen sich negative menschliche Eigenschaften wie z.B. Dummheit, Verr{\"u}cktheit oder Unsauberkeit im Spiegel der Vogel-Metaphorik niederschlagen. F{\"u}r die Metaphern wird ausgef{\"u}hrt, wie, vor dem Hintergrund der Metapherntheorie von Lakoff \& Johnson (1980), Charakteristika der jeweiligen Vogelart semantisch auf Subfelder mangelnder menschlicher sozialer und kognitiver Kompetenzen bezogen sind. Welcher Bezug besteht zwischen einem Ursprungsbereich (source domain) und einem Zielbereich (target domain) wie in Pleitegeier? Wie motiviert oder motivierbar sind Metaphern und Phraseologismen wie Spinatwachtel oder eine Meise haben? In Bezug auf die Phraseologismen wird er{\"o}rtert, welche struktursemantischen Klassen vertreten sind und welche semantischen Subfelder im Vergleich zu den Metaphern Verwendung finden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Renner2021,
  author    = {Renner, Kaspar},
  title     = {Rezension zu: Exardt, Philipp: Toward fewer images: the work of Alexander Kluge. - Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2018. - xxxi, 410 S. - ISBN 978-0-262-03797-6},
  series = {Monatshefte f{\"u}r deutschsprachige Literatur und Kultur : a journal devoted to the study of German language and literature},
  volume    = {113},
  journal   = {Monatshefte f{\"u}r deutschsprachige Literatur und Kultur : a journal devoted to the study of German language and literature},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Univ. of Wisconsin Press},
  address   = {Madison},
  isbn      = {978-0-262-03797-6},
  issn      = {0026-9271},
  doi       = {10.3368/wpm.113.1.147},
  pages     = {147 -- 149},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{StarkeLiebe2021,
  author    = {Starke-Liebe, Maja},
  title     = {Leonhard Franks Remigration im geteilten Deutschland der 1950er Jahre},
  series = {Epistemata : W{\"u}rzburger wissenschaftliche Schriften; Reihe Literaturwissenschaft},
  journal   = {Epistemata : W{\"u}rzburger wissenschaftliche Schriften; Reihe Literaturwissenschaft},
  number    = {948},
  publisher = {K{\"o}nigshausen \& Neumann},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-82607562-9},
  pages     = {467},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Leonhard Frank (1882-1961) hat bereits ein an Erfahrungen reiches Leben hinter sich, als er 1950 nach Deutschland zur{\"u}ckkehrt. Das langj{\"a}hrige Exil l{\"a}sst der Schriftsteller nicht zuletzt aufgrund mangelnder Ver{\"o}ffentlichungs- und Verdienstm{\"o}glichkeiten sowie einer rigiden Immigrationsgesetzgebung in den USA hinter sich. Vor allem jedoch zieht es ihn in seine Heimat als das Land seiner Sprache zur{\"u}ck. Und nur hier weiß er sein Publikum, dessen Resonanz er als existenziell empfindet. In dieser Studie werden die Bem{\"u}hungen nachvollzogen, die ein w{\"a}hrend der Weimarer Republik renommierter und {\"o}konomisch erfolgreicher Autor nach dem erzwungenen Exil w{\"a}hrend der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus unternimmt, um als linker Schriftsteller seine Position innerhalb der besonderen literarischen und kulturpolitischen Bedingungen in der BRD und der DDR im Jahrzehnt der 1950er Jahre zu finden. Ausgehend von umfangreichen Archivmaterialien werden die Lebens- und Arbeitsumst{\"a}nde Franks in seinem letzten Lebensjahrzehnt in die jeweiligen biographischen, sozialen, politischen und kulturellen Kontexte gesetzt. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit erf{\"a}hrt dabei die Besonderheit, dass Frank als B{\"u}rger der Bundesrepublik fortdauernde Beziehungen zu Institutionen und Personen in der DDR unterhielt. Aus dieser Konstellation resultiert eingedenk der politisch-historischen Prozesse, in die sie sich einbettete, ein Spannungsfeld, dessen Spezifika transparent gemacht werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{MuellerRzepkaSimbeck2021,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg and Rzepka, Nathalie and Simbeck, Katharina},
  title     = {What you apply is not what you learn!},
  series = {Journal of Educational Data Mining},
  journal   = {Journal of Educational Data Mining},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The ability to spell correctly is a fundamental skill for participating in society and engaging in professional work. In the German language, the capitalization of nouns and proper names presents major difficulties for both native and nonnative learners, since the definition of what is a noun varies according to one's linguistic perspective. In this paper, we hypothesize that learners use different cognitive strategies to identify nouns. To this end, we examine capitalization exercises from more than 30,000 users of an online spelling training platform. The cognitive strategies identified are syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, and morphological approaches. The strategies used by learners overlap widely but differ by individual and evolve with grade level. The results show that even though the pragmatic strategy is not taught systematically in schools, it is the most widespread and most successful strategy used by learners. We therefore suggest that highly granular learning process data can not only provide insights into learners' capabilities and enable the creation of individualized learning content but also inform curriculum development.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerKepserSchallenberger2021,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg and Kepser, Matthis and Schallenberger, Stefan},
  title     = {Getrennt- und Zusammenschreibung},
  series = {Der Deutschunterricht},
  journal   = {Der Deutschunterricht},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Friedrich Verlag GmbH},
  address   = {Hannover},
  pages     = {37 -- 48},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Mueller2021,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Digitales Lernen am Beispiel der Rechtschreibung - alter Wein in neuen Schl{\"a}uchen oder Aufbruch in ein neues Zeitalter?},
  series = {Neue Wege des Orthografieerwerbs: Forschung - Vermittlung - Reflexion},
  booktitle = {Neue Wege des Orthografieerwerbs: Forschung - Vermittlung - Reflexion},
  publisher = {Lemberger},
  address   = {Wien},
  isbn      = {978-3-903780-75-0},
  pages     = {37 -- 48},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}