@article{DiFlorioBruendermannYadavallietal.2014,
  author    = {Di Florio, G. and Bruendermann, E. and Yadavalli, Nataraja Sekhar and Santer, Svetlana and Havenith, Martina},
  title     = {Graphene multilayer as nanosized optical strain gauge for polymer surface relief gratings},
  series = {Nano letters : a journal dedicated to nanoscience and nanotechnology},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Nano letters : a journal dedicated to nanoscience and nanotechnology},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1530-6984},
  doi       = {10.1021/nl502631s},
  pages     = {5754 -- 5760},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we show how graphene can be utilized as a nanoscopic probe in order to characterize local opto-mechanical forces generated within photosensitive azobenzene containing polymer films. Upon irradiation with light interference patterns, photosensitive films deform according to the spatial intensity variation, leading to the formation of periodic topographies such as surface relief gratings (SRG). The mechanical driving forces inscribing a pattern into the films are supposedly fairly large, because the deformation takes place without photofluidization; the polymer is in a glassy state throughout. However, until now there has been no attempt to characterize these forces by any means. The challenge here is that the forces vary locally on a nanometer scale. Here, we propose to use Raman analysis of the stretching of the graphene layer adsorbed on top of polymer film under deformation in order to probe the strength of the material transport spatially resolved. With the well-known mechanical properties of graphene, we can obtain lower bounds on the forces acting within the film. Upon the basis of our experimental results, we can deduce that the internal pressure in the film due to grating formation can exceed 1 GPa. The graphene-based nanoscopic gauge opens new possibilities to characterize opto-mechanical forces generated within photosensitive polymer films.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HaaseArlinghausTentschertetal.2011,
  author    = {Haase, Andrea and Arlinghaus, Heinrich F. and Tentschert, Jutta and Jungnickel, Harald and Graf, Philipp and Mantion, Alexandre and Draude, Felix and Galla, Sebastian and Plendl, Johanna and Goetz, Mario E. and Masic, Admir and Meier, Wolfgang P. and Thuenemann, Andreas F. and Taubert, Andreas and Luch, Andreas},
  title     = {Application of Laser Postionization Secondary Neutral Mass Spectrometry/Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry in Nanotoxicology: Visualization of Nanosilver in Human Macrophages and Cellular Responses},
  series = {ACS nano},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {ACS nano},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1936-0851},
  doi       = {10.1021/nn200163w},
  pages     = {3059 -- 3068},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Silver nanoparticles (SNP) are the subject of worldwide commercialization because of their antimicrobial effects. Yet only little data on their mode of action exist. Further, only few techniques allow for visualization and quantification of unlabeled nanoparticles inside cells. To study SNP of different sizes and coatings within human macrophages, we introduce a novel laser postionization secondary neutral mass spectrometry (Laser-SNMS) approach and prove this method superior to the widely applied confocal Raman and transmission electron microscopy. With time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) we further demonstrate characteristic fingerprints in the lipid pattern of the cellular membrane indicative of oxidative stress and membrane fluidity changes. Increases of protein carbonyl and heme oxygenase-1 levels in treated cells confirm the presence of oxidative stress biochemically. Intriguingly, affected phagocytosis reveals as highly sensitive end point of SNP-mediated adversity In macrophages. The cellular responses monitored are. hierarchically linked, but follow individual kinetics and are partially reversible.},
  language  = {en}
}