@article{KelleyHippProtsch2024, author = {Kelley, Kristin and Hipp, Lena and Protsch, Paula}, title = {Organizational commitments to equality change how people view women's and men's professional success}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {14}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-56829-1}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {To address women's underrepresentation in high-status positions, many organizations have committed to gender equality. But is women's professional success viewed less positively when organizations commit to women's advancement? Do equality commitments have positive effects on evaluations of successful men? We fielded a survey experiment with a national probability sample in Germany (N = 3229) that varied employees' gender and their organization's commitment to equality. Respondents read about a recently promoted employee and rated how decisive of a role they thought intelligence and effort played in getting the employee promoted from 1 "Not at all decisive" to 7 "Very decisive" and the fairness of the promotion from 1 "Very unfair" to 7 "Very fair." When organizations committed to women's advancement rather than uniform performance standards, people believed intelligence and effort were less decisive in women's promotions, but that intelligence was more decisive in men's promotions. People viewed women's promotions as least fair and men's as most fair in organizations committed to women's advancement. However, women's promotions were still viewed more positively than men's in all conditions and on all outcomes, suggesting people believed that organizations had double standards for success that required women to be smarter and work harder to be promoted, especially in organizations that did not make equality commitments.}, language = {en} } @misc{Moser2024, author = {Moser, Natalie}, title = {Rezension zu: Elmiger, Dorothee: Aus der Zuckerfabrik. - M{\"u}nchen : Carl Hanser Verlag, 2020. - 270 S. - ISBN 978-3-446-26750-3}, series = {Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL)}, journal = {Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL)}, publisher = {J.B. Metzler}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-476-05728-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_23513-2}, pages = {2}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Living reference work entry}, language = {de} } @misc{Bilgen2024, author = {Bilgen, Isa}, title = {Unsere W{\"u}rde in Euren H{\"a}nden}, series = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, journal = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, publisher = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, address = {Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH}, issn = {2366-7044}, doi = {10.17176/20240204-004217-0}, pages = {9}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{Bilgen2024, author = {Bilgen, Isa}, title = {Our dignity in your hands}, series = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, journal = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, publisher = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, address = {Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH}, issn = {2366-7044}, doi = {10.17176/20240204-004255-0}, pages = {9}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Rasche2024, author = {Rasche, Daniel}, title = {Cosmic-ray neutron sensing for the estimation of soil moisture}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63646}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636465}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xvi, 194}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Water stored in the unsaturated soil as soil moisture is a key component of the hydrological cycle influencing numerous hydrological processes including hydrometeorological extremes. Soil moisture influences flood generation processes and during droughts when precipitation is absent, it provides plant with transpirable water, thereby sustaining plant growth and survival in agriculture and natural ecosystems. Soil moisture stored in deeper soil layers e.g. below 100 cm is of particular importance for providing plant transpirable water during dry periods. Not being directly connected to the atmosphere and located outside soil layers with the highest root densities, water in these layers is less susceptible to be rapidly evaporated and transpired. Instead, it provides longer-term soil water storage increasing the drought tolerance of plants and ecosystems. Given the importance of soil moisture in the context of hydro-meteorological extremes in a warming climate, its monitoring is part of official national adaption strategies to a changing climate. Yet, soil moisture is highly variable in time and space which challenges its monitoring on spatio-temporal scales relevant for flood and drought risk modelling and forecasting. Introduced over a decade ago, Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensing (CRNS) is a noninvasive geophysical method that allows for the estimation of soil moisture at relevant spatio-temporal scales of several hectares at a high, subdaily temporal resolution. CRNS relies on the detection of secondary neutrons above the soil surface which are produced from high-energy cosmic-ray particles in the atmosphere and the ground. Neutrons in a specific epithermal energy range are sensitive to the amount of hydrogen present in the surroundings of the CRNS neutron detector. Due to same mass as the hydrogen nucleus, neutrons lose kinetic energy upon collision and are subsequently absorbed when reaching low, thermal energies. A higher amount of hydrogen therefore leads to fewer neutrons being detected per unit time. Assuming that the largest amount of hydrogen is stored in most terrestrial ecosystems as soil moisture, changes of soil moisture can be estimated through an inverse relationship with observed neutron intensities. Although important scientific advancements have been made to improve the methodological framework of CRNS, several open challenges remain, of which some are addressed in the scope of this thesis. These include the influence of atmospheric variables such as air pressure and absolute air humidity, as well as, the impact of variations in incoming primary cosmic-ray intensity on observed epithermal and thermal neutron signals and their correction. Recently introduced advanced neutron-to-soil moisture transfer functions are expected to improve CRNS-derived soil moisture estimates, but potential improvements need to be investigated at study sites with differing environmental conditions. Sites with strongly heterogeneous, patchy soil moisture distributions challenge existing transfer functions and further research is required to assess the impact of, and correction of derived soil moisture estimates under heterogeneous site conditions. Despite its capability of measuring representative averages of soil moisture at the field scale, CRNS lacks an integration depth below the first few decimetres of the soil. Given the importance of soil moisture also in deeper soil layers, increasing the observational window of CRNS through modelling approaches or in situ measurements is of high importance for hydrological monitoring applications. By addressing these challenges, this thesis aids to closing knowledge gaps and finding answers to some of the open questions in CRNS research. Influences of different environmental variables are quantified, correction approaches are being tested and developed. Neutron-to-soil moisture transfer functions are evaluated and approaches to reduce effects of heterogeneous soil moisture distributions are presented. Lastly, soil moisture estimates from larger soil depths are derived from CRNS through modified, simple modelling approaches and in situ estimates by using CRNS as a downhole technique. Thereby, this thesis does not only illustrate the potential of new, yet undiscovered applications of CRNS in future but also opens a new field of CRNS research. Consequently, this thesis advances the methodological framework of CRNS for above-ground and downhole applications. Although the necessity of further research in order to fully exploit the potential of CRNS needs to be emphasised, this thesis contributes to current hydrological research and not least to advancing hydrological monitoring approaches being of utmost importance in context of intensifying hydro-meteorological extremes in a changing climate.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Dronsella2024, author = {Dronsella, Beau B.}, title = {Overcoming natural biomass limitations in gram-negative bacteria through synthetic carbon fixation}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64627}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646273}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {174}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The carbon demands of an ever-increasing human population and the concomitant rise in net carbon emissions requires CO2 sequestering approaches for production of carbon-containing molecules. Microbial production of carbon-containing products from plant-based sugars could replace current fossil-based production. However, this form of sugar-based microbial production directly competes with human food supply and natural ecosystems. Instead, one-carbon feedstocks derived from CO2 and renewable energy were proposed as an alternative. The one carbon molecule formate is a stable, readily soluble and safe-to-store energetic mediator that can be electrochemically generated from CO2 and (excess off-peak) renewable electricity. Formate-based microbial production could represent a promising approach for a circular carbon economy. However, easy-to-engineer and efficient formate-utilizing microbes are lacking. Multiple synthetic metabolic pathways were designed for better-than-nature carbon fixation. Among them, the reductive glycine pathway was proposed as the most efficient pathway for aerobic formate assimilation. While some of these pathways have been successfully engineered in microbial hosts, these synthetic strains did so far not exceed the performance of natural strains. In this work, I engineered and optimized two different synthetic formate assimilation pathways in gram-negative bacteria to exceed the limits of a natural carbon fixation pathway, the Calvin cycle. The first chapter solidified Cupriavidus necator as a promising formatotrophic host to produce value-added chemicals. The formate tolerance of C. necator was assessed and a production pathway for crotonate established in a modularized fashion. Last, bioprocess optimization was leveraged to produce crotonate from formate at a titer of 148 mg/L. In the second chapter, I chromosomally integrated and optimized the synthetic reductive glycine pathway in C. necator using a transposon-mediated selection approach. The insertion methodology allowed selection for condition-specific tailored pathway expression as improved pathway performance led to better growth. I then showed my engineered strains to exceed the biomass yields of the Calvin cycle utilizing wildtype C. necator on formate. This demonstrated for the first time the superiority of a synthetic formate assimilation pathway and by extension of synthetic carbon fixation efforts as a whole. In chapter 3, I engineered a segment of a synthetic carbon fixation cycle in Escherichia coli. The GED cycle was proposed as a Calvin cycle alternative that does not perform a wasteful oxygenation reaction and is more energy efficient. The pathways simple architecture and reasonable driving force made it a promising candidate for enhanced carbon fixation. I created a deletion strain that coupled growth to carboxylation via the GED pathway segment. The CO2 dependence of the engineered strain and 13C-tracer analysis confirmed operation of the pathway in vivo. In the final chapter, I present my efforts of implementing the GED cycle also in C. necator, which might be a better-suited host, as it is accustomed to formatotrophic and hydrogenotrophic growth. To provide the carboxylation substrate in vivo, I engineered C. necator to utilize xylose as carbon source and created a selection strain for carboxylase activity. I verify activity of the key enzyme, the carboxylase, in the decarboxylative direction. Although CO2-dependent growth of the strain was not obtained, I showed that all enzymes required for operation of the GED cycle are active in vivo in C. necator. I then evaluate my success with engineering a linear and cyclical one-carbon fixation pathway in two different microbial hosts. The linear reductive glycine pathway presents itself as a much simpler metabolic solution for formate dependent growth over the sophisticated establishment of hard-to-balance carbon fixation cycles. Last, I highlight advantages and disadvantages of C. necator as an upcoming microbial benchmark organism for synthetic metabolism efforts and give and outlook on its potential for the future of C1-based manufacturing.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mitsch2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang}, title = {\S 115 Ordnungswidrigkeiten}, series = {BeckOK Informations- und Medienrecht}, booktitle = {BeckOK Informations- und Medienrecht}, editor = {Gersdorf, Hubertus and Paal, Boris P.}, edition = {44. Edition, Stand: 01.11.2023}, publisher = {Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @incollection{SpangenbergerMatthesKappetal.2024, author = {Spangenberger, Pia and Matthes, Nadine and Kapp, Felix and Kruse, Linda and Draeger, Iken and Kybart, Markus and Schmidt, Kristina}, title = {MARLA}, series = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, booktitle = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, editor = {Zinn, Bernd}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-515-13544-3}, pages = {269 -- 286}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @incollection{PerlwitzSpangenbergerStemmann2024, author = {Perlwitz, Phoebe and Spangenberger, Pia and Stemmann, Jennifer}, title = {Serious games}, series = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, booktitle = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, editor = {Zinn, Bernd}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-515-13544-3}, pages = {235 -- 252}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-64736, title = {Der Einsatz von KI \& Robotik in der Medizin}, editor = {Ruschemeier, Hannah and Steinr{\"o}tter, Bj{\"o}rn}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-7560-0476-8}, doi = {10.5771/9783748939726}, pages = {172}, year = {2024}, abstract = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz (KI) und Robotik sind in aller Munde. Dabei erscheinen manche der diskutierten Anwendungsf{\"a}lle noch als reine Theorie. Anders ist dies in der Medizin. Das Werk befasst sich mit den dr{\"a}ngendsten juristischen Fragen, blickt dabei aber auch {\"u}ber den Tellerrand, indem medizinisch-technische sowie ethisch-philosophische Aspekte nicht ausgeklammert bleiben.}, language = {de} }