@misc{WitzelNeugartRuppeletal.2015, author = {Witzel, Katja and Neugart, Susanne and Ruppel, Silke and Schreiner, Monika and Wiesner, Melanie and Baldermann, Susanne}, title = {Recent progress in the use of 'omics technologies in brassicaceous vegetables}, series = {Frontiers in plant science}, journal = {Frontiers in plant science}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-406479}, pages = {14}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Continuing advances in 'omics methodologies and instrumentation is enhancing the understanding of how plants cope with the dynamic nature of their growing environment. 'Omics platforms have been only recently extended to cover horticultural crop species. Many of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops belong to the genus Brassica: these include plants grown for their root (turnip, rutabaga/swede), their swollen stem base (kohlrabi), their leaves (cabbage, kale, pak choi) and their inflorescence (cauliflower, broccoli). Characterization at the genome, transcript, protein and metabolite levels has illustrated the complexity of the cellular response to a whole series of environmental stresses, including nutrient deficiency, pathogen attack, heavy metal toxicity, cold acclimation, and excessive and sub optimal irradiation. This review covers recent applications of omics technologies to the brassicaceous vegetables, and discusses future scenarios in achieving improvements in crop end-use quality.}, language = {en} } @misc{WitzelNeugartRuppeletal.2015, author = {Witzel, Katja and Neugart, Susanne and Ruppel, Silke and Schreiner, Monika and Wiesner, Melanie and Baldermann, Susanne}, title = {Recent progress in the use of 'omics technologies in brassicaceous vegetables}, series = {Frontiers in plant science}, volume = {6}, journal = {Frontiers in plant science}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-462X}, doi = {10.3389/fpls.2015.00244}, pages = {14}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Continuing advances in 'omics methodologies and instrumentation is enhancing the understanding of how plants cope with the dynamic nature of their growing environment. 'Omics platforms have been only recently extended to cover horticultural crop species. Many of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops belong to the genus Brassica: these include plants grown for their root (turnip, rutabaga/swede), their swollen stem base (kohlrabi), their leaves (cabbage, kale, pak choi) and their inflorescence (cauliflower, broccoli). Characterization at the genome, transcript, protein and metabolite levels has illustrated the complexity of the cellular response to a whole series of environmental stresses, including nutrient deficiency, pathogen attack, heavy metal toxicity, cold acclimation, and excessive and sub optimal irradiation. This review covers recent applications of omics technologies to the brassicaceous vegetables, and discusses future scenarios in achieving improvements in crop end-use quality.}, language = {en} } @article{ErrardUlrichsKuehneetal.2015, author = {Errard, Audrey and Ulrichs, Christian and Kuehne, Stefan and Mewis, Inga and Drungowski, Mario and Schreiner, Monika and Baldermann, Susanne}, title = {Single- versus multiple-pest infestation affects differently the Biochemistry of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Ailsa Craig')}, series = {Journal of agricultural and food chemistry : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {63}, journal = {Journal of agricultural and food chemistry : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, number = {46}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0021-8561}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03884}, pages = {10103 -- 10111}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Tomato is susceptible to pest infestations by both spider mites and aphids. The effects of each individual pest on plants are known, whereas multiple-pest infestations have received little interest. We studied the effects of single-versus multiple-pest infestation by Tetranychus urticae and Myzus persicae on tomato biochemistry (Solanum lycopersicum) by combining a metabolomic approach and analyses of carotenoids using UHPLC-ToF-MS and volatiles using GC-MS. Plants responded differently to aphids and mites after 3 weeks of infestation, and a multiple infestation induced a specific metabolite composition in plants. In addition, we showed that volatiles emissions differed between the adaxial and abaxial leaf epidermes and identified compounds emitted particularly in response to a multiple infestation (cyclohexadecane, dodecane, aromadendrene, and beta-elemene). Finally, the carotenoid concentrations in leaves and stems were more affected by multiple than single infestations. Our study highlights and discusses the interplay of biotic stressors within the terpenoid metabolism.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WiesnerBarknowitzFlorianetal.2015, author = {Wiesner, Melanie and Barknowitz, Gitte and Florian, Simone and Haack, Michael and Lehmann, Carsten and Lippmann, Doris and Mewis, Inga and Schumacher, Fabian and Brigelius-Floh{\´e}, Regina and Schreiner, Monika and Glatt, Hansruedi}, title = {Pak Choi Fed to Mice: Formation of DNA Adducts and Influence on Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes}, series = {NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY}, volume = {388}, booktitle = {NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0028-1298}, pages = {S68 -- S68}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @misc{ErrardUlrichsKuehneetal.2016, author = {Errard, Audrey and Ulrichs, Christian and K{\"u}hne, Stefan and Mewis, Inga and Mishig, Narantuya and Maul, Ronald and Drungowski, Mario and Parolin, Pia and Schreiner, Monika and Baldermann, Susanne}, title = {Metabolite profiling reveals a specific response in tomato to predaceous Chrysoperla carnea larvae and herbivore(s)-predator interactions with the generalist pests Tetranychus urticae and Myzus persicae}, series = {Frontiers in plant science}, journal = {Frontiers in plant science}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407913}, pages = {14}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch and the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) both infest a number of economically significant crops, including tomato (Solanurn lycopersicum). Although used for decades to control pests, the impact of green lacewing larvae Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) on plant biochemistry was not investigated. Here, we used profiling methods and targeted analyses to explore the impact of the predator and herbivore(s)-predator interactions on tomato biochemistry. Each pest and pest -predator combination induced a characteristic metabolite signature in the leaf and the fruit thus, the plant exhibited a systemic response. The treatments had a stronger impact on non-volatile metabolites including abscisic acid and amino acids in the leaves in comparison with the fruits. In contrast, the various biotic factors had a greater impact on the carotenoids in the fruits. We identified volatiles such as myrcene and alpha-terpinene which were induced by pest -predator interactions but not by single species, and we demonstrated the involvement of the phytohormone abscisic acid in tritrophic interactions for the first time. More importantly, C. carnea larvae alone impacted the plant metabolome, but the predator did not appear to elicit particular defense pathways on its own. Since the presence of both C. carnea larvae and pest individuals elicited volatiles which were shown to contribute to plant defense, C. carnea larvae could therefore contribute to the reduction of pest infestation, not only by its preying activity, but also by priming responses to generalist herbivores such as T urticae and M. persicae. On the other hand, the use of C. carnea larvae alone did not impact carotenoids thus, was not prejudicial to the fruit quality. The present piece of research highlights the specific impact of predator and tritrophic interactions with green lacewing larvae, spider mites, and aphids on different components of the tomato primary and secondary metabolism for the first time, and provides cues for further in-depth studies aiming to integrate entomological approaches and plant biochemistry.}, language = {en} } @article{ErrardUlrichsKuehneetal.2016, author = {Errard, Audrey and Ulrichs, Christian and K{\"u}hne, Stefan and Mewis, Inga and Mishig, Narantuya and Maul, Ronald and Drungowski, Mario and Parolin, Pia and Schreiner, Monika and Baldermann, Susanne}, title = {Metabolite Profiling Reveals a Specific Response in Tomato to Predaceous Chrysoperla carnea Larvae and Herbivore(s)-Predator Interactions with the Generalist Pests Tetranychus urticae and Myzus persicae}, series = {Frontiers in plant science}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in plant science}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-462X}, doi = {10.3389/fpls.2016.01256}, pages = {456 -- +}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch and the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) both infest a number of economically significant crops, including tomato (Solanurn lycopersicum). Although used for decades to control pests, the impact of green lacewing larvae Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) on plant biochemistry was not investigated. Here, we used profiling methods and targeted analyses to explore the impact of the predator and herbivore(s)-predator interactions on tomato biochemistry. Each pest and pest -predator combination induced a characteristic metabolite signature in the leaf and the fruit thus, the plant exhibited a systemic response. The treatments had a stronger impact on non-volatile metabolites including abscisic acid and amino acids in the leaves in comparison with the fruits. In contrast, the various biotic factors had a greater impact on the carotenoids in the fruits. We identified volatiles such as myrcene and alpha-terpinene which were induced by pest -predator interactions but not by single species, and we demonstrated the involvement of the phytohormone abscisic acid in tritrophic interactions for the first time. More importantly, C. carnea larvae alone impacted the plant metabolome, but the predator did not appear to elicit particular defense pathways on its own. Since the presence of both C. carnea larvae and pest individuals elicited volatiles which were shown to contribute to plant defense, C. carnea larvae could therefore contribute to the reduction of pest infestation, not only by its preying activity, but also by priming responses to generalist herbivores such as T urticae and M. persicae. On the other hand, the use of C. carnea larvae alone did not impact carotenoids thus, was not prejudicial to the fruit quality. The present piece of research highlights the specific impact of predator and tritrophic interactions with green lacewing larvae, spider mites, and aphids on different components of the tomato primary and secondary metabolism for the first time, and provides cues for further in-depth studies aiming to integrate entomological approaches and plant biochemistry.}, language = {en} } @misc{BaldermannBlagojevicFredeetal.2016, author = {Baldermann, Susanne and Blagojevic, Lara and Frede, Katja and Klopsch, R. and Neugart, Susanne and Neumann, A. and Ngwene, Benard and Norkeweit, Jessica and Schroeter, D. and Schroeter, A. and Schweigert, Florian J. and Wiesner, M. and Schreiner, Monika}, title = {Are Neglected Plants the Food for the Future?}, series = {Critical reviews in plant sciences}, volume = {35}, journal = {Critical reviews in plant sciences}, publisher = {Institut d'Estudis Catalans}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {0735-2689}, doi = {10.1080/07352689.2016.1201399}, pages = {106 -- 119}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Malnutrition, poor health, hunger, and even starvation are still the world's greatest challenges. Malnutrition is defined as deficiency of nutrition due to not ingesting the proper amounts of nutrients by simply not eating enough food and/or by consuming nutrient-poor food in respect to the daily nutritional requirements. Moreover, malnutrition and disease are closely associated and incidences of such diet-related diseases increase particularly in low- and middle-income states. While foods of animal origin are often unaffordable to low-income families, various neglected crops can offer an alternative source of micronutrients, vitamins, as well as health-promoting secondary plant metabolites. Therefore, agricultural and horticultural research should develop strategies not only to produce more food, but also to improve access to more nutritious food. In this context, one promising approach is to promote biodiversity in the dietary pattern of low-income people by getting access to nutritional as well as affordable food and providing recommendations for food selection and preparation. Worldwide, a multitude of various plant species are assigned to be consumed as grains, vegetables, and fruits, but only a limited number of these species are used as commercial cash crops. Consequently, numerous neglected and underutilized species offer the potential to diversify not only the human diet, but also increase food production levels, and, thus, enable more sustainable and resilient agro- and horti-food systems. To exploit the potential of neglected plant (NP) species, coordinated approaches on the local, regional, and international level have to be integrated that consequently demand the involvement of numerous multi-stakeholders. Thus, the objective of the present review is to evaluate whether NP species are important as "Future Food" for improving the nutritional status of humans as well as increasing resilience of agro- and horti-food systems.}, language = {en} } @article{NeugartBaldermannNgweneetal.2017, author = {Neugart, Susanne and Baldermann, Susanne and Ngwene, Benard and Wesonga, John and Schreiner, Monika}, title = {Indigenous leafy vegetables of Eastern Africa - A source of extraordinary secondary plant metabolites}, series = {Food research international}, volume = {100}, journal = {Food research international}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, organization = {The e-ASTROGAM Collaboration}, issn = {0963-9969}, doi = {10.1016/j.foodres.2017.02.014}, pages = {411 -- 422}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Indigenous African leafy vegetables vary enormously in their secondary plant metabolites whereat genus and the species have a great impact. In African nightshade (Solanum scabrum), spiderplant (Cleome gynandra), amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Ethiopian kale (Brassica carinata) and common kale (Brassica oleracea) the specific secondary metabolite profile was elucidated and gained detailed data about carotenoids, chlorophylls, glucosinolates and phenolic compounds all having an appropriate contribution to health beneficial properties of indigenous African leafy vegetables. Exemplarily, various quercetin glycosides such as quercetin-3-rutinoside occur in high concentrations in African nightshade, spiderplant, and amaranth between similar to 1400-3300 mu g/g DW. Additionally the extraordinary hydroxydnnamic acid derivatives such as glucaric isomers and isocitric acid isomers are found especially in amaranth (up to similar to 1250 mu g/g DW) and spiderplant (up to 120 mu g/g DW). Carotenoids concentrations are high in amaranth (up to 101.7 mu g/g DW) and spiderplants (up to 64.7 mu g/g DW) showing high concentrations of beta-carotene, the pro-vitamin A. In contrast to the ubiquitous occurring phenolics and carotenoids, glucosinolates are only present in the Brassicales species Ethiopian kale, common kale and spiderplant characterized by diverse glucosinolate profiles. Generally, the consumption of a variety of these indigenous African leafy vegetables can be recommended to contribute to different benefits such as antioxidant activity, increase pro-vitamin A and anticancerogenic compounds in a healthy diet. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{WitzelStrehmelBaldermannetal.2017, author = {Witzel, Katja and Strehmel, Nadine and Baldermann, Susanne and Neugart, Susanne and Becker, Yvonne and Becker, Matthias and Berger, Beatrice and Scheel, Dierk and Grosch, Rita and Schreiner, Monika and Ruppel, Silke}, title = {Arabidopsis thaliana root and root exudate metabolism is altered by the growth-promoting bacterium Kosakonia radicincitans DSM 16656(T)}, series = {Plant and soil}, volume = {419}, journal = {Plant and soil}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0032-079X}, doi = {10.1007/s11104-017-3371-1}, pages = {557 -- 573}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) affect host physiological processes in various ways. This study aims at elucidating the dependence of bacterial-induced growth promotion on the plant genotype and characterizing plant metabolic adaptations to PGPB. Eighteen Arabidopsis thaliana accessions were inoculated with the PGPB strain Kosakonia radicincitans DSM 16656(T). Colonisation pattern was assessed by enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-tagged K. radicincitans in three A. thaliana accessions differing in their growth response. Metabolic impact of bacterial colonisation was determined for the best responding accession by profiling distinct classes of plant secondary metabolites and root exudates. Inoculation of 18 A. thaliana accessions resulted in a wide range of growth responses, from repression to enhancement. Testing the bacterial colonisation of three accessions did not reveal a differential pattern. Profiling of plant secondary metabolites showed a differential accumulation of glucosinolates, phenylpropanoids and carotenoids in roots. Analysis of root exudates demonstrated that primary and secondary metabolites were predominantly differentially depleted by bacterial inoculation. The plant genotype controls the bacterial growth promoting traits. Levels of lutein and beta-carotene were elevated in inoculated roots. Supplementing a bacterial suspension with beta-carotene increased bacterial growth, while this was not the case when lutein was applied, indicating that beta-carotene could be a positive regulator of plant growth promotion.}, language = {en} } @article{NgweneNeugartBaldermannetal.2017, author = {Ngwene, Benard and Neugart, Susanne and Baldermann, Susanne and Ravi, Beena and Schreiner, Monika}, title = {Intercropping Induces Changes in Specific Secondary Metabolite Concentration in Ethiopian Kale (Brassica carinata) and African Nightshade (Solanum scabrum) under Controlled Conditions}, series = {Frontiers in plant science}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in plant science}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-462X}, doi = {10.3389/fpls.2017.01700}, pages = {12}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Intercropping is widespread in small-holder farming systems in tropical regions and is also practiced in the cultivation of indigenous vegetables, to alleviate the multiple burdens of malnutrition. Due to interspecific competition and/or complementation between intercrops, intercropping may lead to changes in plants accumulation of minerals and secondary metabolites and hence, alter nutritional quality for consumers. Intercropping aims to intensify land productivity, while ensuring that nutritional quality is not compromised. This study aimed to investigate changes in minerals and secondary plant metabolites in intercropped Brassica carinata and Solanum scabrum, two important African indigenous vegetables, and evaluated the suitability of this combination for dryer areas. B. carinata and S. scabrum were grown for 6 weeks under controlled conditions in a greenhouse trial. Large rootboxes (8000 cm(3) volume) were specifically designed for this experiment. Each rootbox was planted with two plants, either of the same plant species (mono) or one of each plant species (mixed). A quartz sand/soil substrate was used and fertilized adequately for optimal plant growth. During the last 4 weeks of the experiment, the plants were either supplied with optimal (65\% WHC) or low (30\% WHC) irrigation, to test the effect of a late-season drought. Intercropping increased total glucosinolate content in B. carinata, while maintaining biomass production and the contents of other health related minerals in both B. carinata and S. scabrum. Moreover, low irrigation led to an increase in carotene accumulation in both mono and intercropped S. scabrum, but not in B. carinata, while the majority of kaempferol glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives of both species were decreased by intercropping and drought treatment. This study indicates that some health-related phytochemicals can be modified by intercropping or late-season drought, but field validation of these results is necessary before definite recommendation can be made to stakeholders.}, language = {en} }