@article{CaliendoHennecke2022,
  author    = {Caliendo, Marco and Hennecke, Juliane},
  title     = {Drinking is different!},
  series = {Empirical economics},
  volume    = {63},
  journal   = {Empirical economics},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0377-7332},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00181-022-02219-3},
  pages     = {2785 -- 2815},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Locus of control (LOC) measures how much an individual believes in the causal relationship between her own actions and her life's outcomes. While earlier literature has shown that an increasing internal LOC is associated with increased health-conscious behavior in domains such as smoking, exercise or diets, we find that drinking seems to be different. Using very informative German panel data, we extend and generalize previous findings and find a significant positive association between having an internal LOC and the probability of occasional and regular drinking for men and women. An increase in an individual's LOC by one standard deviation increases the probability of occasional or regular drinking on average by 3.4\% for men and 6.9\% for women. Using a decomposition method, we show that roughly a quarter of this association can be explained by differences in the social activities between internal and external individuals.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{CaliendoHennecke2020,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Caliendo, Marco and Hennecke, Juliane},
  title     = {Drinking is Different!},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {18},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-46979},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-469790},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Unhealthy behavior can be extremely costly from a micro- and macroeconomic perspective and exploring the determinants of such behavior is highly important from an economist's point of view. We examine whether locus of control (LOC) can explain alcohol consumption as an important domain of health behavior. LOC measures how much an individual believes that she is in control of the consequences of her own actions for her life's future outcomes. While earlier literature showed that an increasing internal LOC is associated with increased health-conscious behavior in domains such as smoking, exercise or diets, we find that drinking seems to be different. Using German panel data from the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) we find a significant positive effect of having an internal LOC on the probability of moderate and regular drinking. We suggest and discuss two likely mechanisms for this relationship and find interesting gender differences. While social investments play an important role for both men and women, risk perceptions are especially relevant for men.},
  language  = {en}
}