@article{HeinzelLawrenceKalliesetal.2015,
  author    = {Heinzel, Stephan and Lawrence, Jimmy B. and Kallies, Gunnar and Rapp, Michael Armin and Heissel, Andreas},
  title     = {Using Exercise to Fight Depression in Older Adults},
  series = {GeroPsych : the journal of gerontopsychology and geriatric psychiatry},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {GeroPsych : the journal of gerontopsychology and geriatric psychiatry},
  publisher = {Hogrefe},
  address   = {Cambridge, Mass. ; G{\"o}ttingen [u.a.]},
  issn      = {1662-9647},
  doi       = {10.1024/1662-9647/a000133},
  pages     = {149 -- 162},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the general population. Despite a large demand for efficient treatment options, the majority of older depressed adults does not receive adequate treatment: Additional low-threshold treatments are needed for this age group. Over the past two decades, a growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCT) have been conducted, testing the efficacy of physical exercise in the alleviation of depression in older adults. This meta-analysis systematically reviews and evaluates these studies; some subanalyses testing specific effects of different types of exercise and settings are also performed. In order to be included, exercise programs of the RCTs had to fulfill the criteria of exercise according to the American College of Sports Medicine, including a sample mean age of 60 or above and an increased level of depressive symptoms. Eighteen trials with 1,063 participants fulfilled our inclusion criteria. A comparison of the posttreatment depression scores between the exercise and control groups revealed a moderate effect size in favor of the exercise groups (standardized mean difference (SMD) of -0.68, p < .001). The effect was comparable to the results achieved when only the eleven trials with low risk of bias were included (SMD = -0.63, p < .001). The subanalyses showed significant effects for all types of exercise and for supervised interventions. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that physical exercise may serve as a feasible, additional intervention to fight depression in older adults. However, because of small sample sizes of the majority of individual trials and high statistical heterogeneity, results must be interpreted carefully.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KuhlmannBuergerEsseretal.2015,
  author    = {Kuhlmann, Sophie Merle and B{\"u}rger, Arne and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Hammerle, Florian},
  title     = {A mindfulness-based stress prevention training for medical students (MediMind)},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 820},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 820},
  number    = {820},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42756},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427568},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Background: Medical training is very demanding and associated with a high prevalence of psychological distress. Compared to the general population, medical students are at a greater risk of developing a psychological disorder. Various attempts of stress management training in medical school have achieved positive results on minimizing psychological distress; however, there are often limitations. Therefore, the use of a rigorous scientific method is needed. The present study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial to examine the effectiveness of a specifically developed mindfulness-based stress prevention training for medical students that includes selected elements of cognitive behavioral strategies (MediMind). Methods/Design: This study protocol presents a prospective randomized controlled trial, involving four assessment time points: baseline, post-intervention, one-year follow-up and five-year follow-up. The aims include evaluating the effect on stress, coping, psychological morbidity and personality traits with validated measures. Participants are allocated randomly to one of three conditions: MediMind, Autogenic Training or control group. Eligible participants are medical or dental students in the second or eighth semester of a German university. They form a population of approximately 420 students in each academic term. A final total sample size of 126 (at five-year follow-up) is targeted. The trainings (MediMind and Autogenic Training) comprise five weekly sessions lasting 90 minutes each. MediMind will be offered to participants of the control group once the five-year follow-up is completed. The allotment is randomized with a stratified allocation ratio by course of studies, semester, and gender. After descriptive statistics have been evaluated, inferential statistical analysis will be carried out with a repeated measures ANOVA-design with interactions between time and group. Effect sizes will be calculated using partial η-square values. Discussion: Potential limitations of this study are voluntary participation and the risk of attrition, especially concerning participants that are allocated to the control group. Strengths are the study design, namely random allocation, follow-up assessment, the use of control groups and inclusion of participants at different stages of medical training with the possibility of differential analysis.},
  language  = {en}
}