@techreport{NastanskySiris2024,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Nastansky, Andreas and Siris, Sarah},
  title     = {Risikoverbund zwischen Banken und Staaten},
  series = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  volume    = {56},
  journal   = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-61989},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-619891},
  pages     = {50},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Die Begrenzung systemischer Risiken ist essentieller Bestandteil der neuen internationalen Finanzmarktordnung. Dabei galt es nicht nur die Verflechtung der Banken untereinander, sondern auch die Verbindung zwischen den Staatsfinanzen und der Solvenz der nationalen Bankensysteme (dem sog. Risikoverbund zwischen Staat und Banken) zu durchbrechen. Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Entwicklung der Forderungen gegen{\"u}ber Staaten in den Bankbilanzen der Eurol{\"a}nder und des Eurosystems im Zeitverlauf sowie den daraus erwachsenden Risiken f{\"u}r die Finanzstabilit{\"a}t. Hierzu werden die Determinanten des Risikoverbunds theoretisch wie empirisch analysiert. Die fiskalische Kapazit{\"a}t der Eurostaaten wird anhand verschiedener Faktoren wie der Verschuldungsquote, dem Leistungsbilanzsaldo und der Kredit-BIP L{\"u}cke aufgezeigt; anschließend werden die Strukturen der Bankensysteme im Euroraum untersucht. Im Einzelnen werden die private und staatliche Gesamtverschuldung, die konsolidierte Bankenbilanzsumme und die darin enthaltenen Verbindlichkeiten sowie der Anteil des Bankensektors an der Bruttowertsch{\"o}pfung in Relation zur Wirtschaftsleistung betrachtet. Außerdem finden NPE-Best{\"a}nde in den Bankbilanzen sowie die Renditen der emittierten Staatsanleihen und damit in Verbindung stehenden CDS-Spreads Betrachtung. Zus{\"a}tzlich werden die Konzentration, der Verschuldungsgrad, Liquidit{\"a}tsziffern sowie l{\"a}nderspezifische Unterschiede in Art und Fristigkeit der Refinanzierung der Bankensektoren abgebildet. Auf Basis der empirischen Befunde werden im Hinblick auf die wechselseitigen Ansteckungseffekte zwischen Banken und Staaten Implikationen f{\"u}r die Finanzmarktregulierung diskutiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{GraeberHilbertKoenig2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Graeber, Daniel and Hilbert, Viola and K{\"o}nig, Johannes},
  title     = {Inequality of Opportunity in Wealth},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {69},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-60967},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-609673},
  pages     = {54},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {While inequality of opportunity (IOp) in earnings is well studied, the literature on IOp in individual net wealth is scarce to non-existent. This is problematic because both theoretical and empirical evidence show that the position in the wealth and income distribution can significantly diverge.We measure ex-ante IOp in net wealth for Germany using data from the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Ex-ante IOp is defined as the contribution of circumstances to the inequality in net wealth before effort is exerted. The SOEP allows for a direct mapping from individual circumstances to individual net wealth and for a detailed decomposition of net wealth inequality into a variety of circumstances; among them childhood background, intergenerational transfers, and regional characteristics. The ratio of inequality of opportunity to total inequality is stable from 2002 to 2019. This is in sharp contrast to labor earnings, where ex-ante IOp is declining over time. Our estimates suggest that about 62\% of the inequality in net wealth is due to circumstances. The most important circumstances are intergenerational transfers, parental occupation, and the region of birth. In contrast, gender and individuals' own education are the most important circumstances for earnings.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Dehnen2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Dehnen, Elias},
  title     = {Juridifying Bolsonaro's mass deforestation policies in Brazil through the International Criminal Court},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {14},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-58174},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-581742},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Under Brazil's ex-president Bolsonaro, deforestation of the Amazon increased dramatically. An Austrian NGO filed a complaint to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) against Bolsonaro in October 2021, accusing him of crimes against humanity against the backdrop of his involvement in environmental destruction. This paper deals with the question of whether this initi-ative constitutes a promising means of juridification to mitigate conflicts revolving around mass deforestation in Brazil. It thematizes attempts to juridify environmental destruction in international criminal law and examines the Climate Fund Case at the Brazilian Supreme Court. Finally, emerging problems and arguments in favour of starting preliminary examinations at the ICC against Bolsonaro are illuminated. This paper provides arguments as to why the initiative might be a promising undertaking, even though it is unlikely that Bolsonaro will be arrested.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{BaganzdeTeresaLinggetal.2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Baganz, Melissa and de Teresa, Aurelia G{\´o}mez and Lingg, Rosana T. and Montijo, Yuriditzi Pascacio},
  title     = {A critical assessment on National Action Plans},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-57679},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-576797},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {National Action Plans (NAPs) have been increas-ingly adopted world-wide after the Vienna Dec-laration in 1993, where it was urged to consider the improvement and promotion of Human Rights. In this paper, we discuss their usefulness and success by analysing the challenges present-ed during NAP processes as well as the benefits this set of actions entails: The challenges for their implementation outweigh its actual benefits. Nevertheless, NAPs have great potential. Based on new research, we elaborate a set of recom-mendations for improving the design and imple-mentation of national action planning. In order to effectively bring NAP into practice, we consider it crucial to plan and analyse every state local circumstances in detail. The latter is important, since the implementation of a concrete set of actions is intended to directly transform and improve the local living conditions of the people. In a long-term perspective, we defend the benefit of NAP's implementation for complying obliga-tions set up by HR treaties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Nastansky2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Nastansky, Andreas},
  title     = {Gruppierung von Daten},
  series = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {55},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-57272},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-572722},
  pages     = {26},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet einen Vergleich zwischen den Methoden der Topologischen Datenanalyse (TDA) und statistischen Clusterverfahren bei der Gruppierung von Daten. Es werden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede bei der Bildung der Cluster und Zuordnung der statistischen Einheiten identifiziert. Hierzu werden zwei empirische Datens{\"a}tze aus der Biologie und Medizin herangezogen. Zusammengefasst haben sich die Verfahren der TDA als ein praktikables Werkzeug bei der Gruppierung von Objekten erwiesen. Vor allem mit dem Mapper-Algorithmus konnten ad{\"a}quate Cluster erkannt werden. Beim Iris Flower-Datensatz hat die TDA {\"a}hnliche Ergebnisse wie die Clusteranalyse erzielt. Der Heart Disease-Datensatz war schwieriger zu behandeln. Die genutzten clusteranalytischen Verfahren waren nicht geeignet, die beiden Gruppen von Patienten korrekt zu identifizieren. Im Vergleich zu den Standardverfahren der Clusteranalyse zeigte sich eine leichte {\"U}berlegenheit der topologischen Verfahren.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KauffmannNastansky2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kauffmann, Albrecht and Nastansky, Andreas},
  title     = {Regionale Mieten in Deutschland},
  series = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {54},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-57274},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-572742},
  pages     = {44},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Untersucht werden die von BulwienGesa erhobenen und aufbereiteten jahresdurchschnittlichen Mieten von Wohnungen und die Relation des Wiederverkaufswertes von Eigentumswohnungen zu den Wohnungsmieten (Preis-Miet-Relation) in 401 kreisfreien St{\"a}dten und Landkreisen f{\"u}r die Jahre 2004-2017. Dabei zeigt sich bei den Wohnungsmieten eine Zunahme der regionalen Streuung im Zeitverlauf vor allem in der auf die Finanzkrise 2007-2009 folgenden Zeit. Bei der Preis-Miet-Relation nimmt die Streuung im Zeitverlauf ab 2010 ebenfalls zu. Im Durchschnitt der Regionen (Landkreise und kreisfreie St{\"a}dte) steigen {\"u}ber den gesamten Zeitabschnitt die Mieten und in der {\"u}berwiegenden Zahl der Regionen auch die Preis-Miet-Relation (allerdings erst ab 2010); sie entwickeln sich aber regional stark unterschiedlich. Dies f{\"u}hrt auch zur Zunahme der Variationskoeffizienten, also der relativen Streuung der regionalen Mieten und - ab 2010 - auch der regionalen Preis-Miet-Relationen. Dies deutet auf eine Zunahme der regionalen Disparit{\"a}ten in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland hin. Besondere Divergenzen zeigen sich zwischen den alten und den neuen Bundesl{\"a}ndern, wie auch zwischen prosperierenden kreisfreien St{\"a}dten und deren Umland und {\"o}konomisch schw{\"a}cheren St{\"a}dten und Landkreisen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{MarcusSiedlerZiebarth2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Marcus, Jan and Siedler, Thomas and Ziebarth, Nicolas R.},
  title     = {The Long-Run Effects of Sports Club Vouchers for Primary School Children},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {34},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50897},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-508978},
  pages     = {72},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Starting in 2009, the German state of Saxony distributed sports club membership vouchers among all 33,000 third graders in the state. The policy's objective was to encourage them to develop a long-term habit of exercising. In 2018, we carried out a large register-based survey among several cohorts in Saxony and two neighboring states. Our difference-in-differences estimations show that, even after a decade, awareness of the voucher program was significantly higher in the treatment group. We also find that youth received and redeemed the vouchers. However, we do not find significant short- or long-term effects on sports club membership, physical activity, overweightness, or motor skills.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{GraeberSchikora2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Graeber, Daniel and Schikora, Felicitas},
  title     = {Hate is too great a burden to bear},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {31},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50797},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-507972},
  pages     = {53},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Against a background of increasing violence against non-natives, we estimate the effect of hate crime on refugees' mental health in Germany. For this purpose, we combine two datasets: administrative records on xenophobic crime against refugee shelters by the Federal Criminal Office and the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees. We apply a regression discontinuity in time design to estimate the effect of interest. Our results indicate that hate crime has a substantial negative effect on several mental health indicators, including the Mental Component Summary score and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 score. The effects are stronger for refugees with closer geographic proximity to the focal hate crime and refugees with low country-specific human capital. While the estimated effect is only transitory, we argue that negative mental health shocks during the critical period after arrival have important long-term consequences. Keywords: Mental health, hate crime, migration, refugees, human capital.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{McLachlan2020,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {McLachlan, Campbell A},
  title     = {Populism, the Pandemic \& Prospects for International Law},
  series = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  journal   = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  number    = {45},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-48347},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-483479},
  pages     = {31},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Populism has fatally weakened the world's ability to respond to COVID-19, by undermining the capacity of the structures and mechanisms of international law to address the pandemic. The pandemic has exposed as a fallacy a key tenet of populism - to protect the 'people' of a nation from external forces, including international law. In fact international law, through the principle of self-determination, enshrines the ability of peoples to determine their own political organization. But this does not preclude agreement at the international level on matters of common interest to humanity as a whole that require community action. The prevention of infectious disease is just such a case, which states have long agreed could not remain solely the preserve of national polities, but requires a common international response. This paper, placing the current crisis in light of the development of international health law, critically examines the response of key populist governments to COVID-19 in order to address the larger issue of the implications of populism for the fate of international law.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Wiener2020,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wiener, Antje},
  title     = {Norm(ative) Change in International Relations},
  series = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  journal   = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  number    = {44},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-47607},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-476076},
  pages     = {27},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Current contestations of the liberal international order stand in notable contrast with the earlier rise of international law during the post-cold war period. As Krieger and Liese argue, this situation calls for assessment of the type of change that is currently observed, i.e. norm change (Wandel) or a more fundamental transformation of international law - a metamorphosis (Verwandlung)? To address this question, this paper details the bi-focal approach to norms in order to reflect and take account of the complex interrelation between fact-based and value-based conceptions of norms. The paper is organised in three sections. The first section presents three axioms underlying the conceptual framework to study norm(ative) change which are visualised by a triangular operation to analyse this change in relation with practices and norms. The second section recalls three key interests that have guided IR norms research after the return to norms in the late 1980s. They include, first, allocating change in and through practice, second, identifying behavioural change with reference to norm- following, and third, identifying norm(ative) change with reference to discursive practice. The third section presents the two analytical tools of the conceptual frame, namely, the norm-typology and the cycle-grid model. It also indicates how to apply these tools with reference to illustrative case scenarios. The conclusion recalls the key elements of the conceptual framework for research on norm(ative) change in international relations in light of the challenge of establishing sustainable normativity in the global order.},
  language  = {en}
}