@article{HartmannHelbigBiernackaetal.2019, author = {Hartmann, Niklas K. and Helbig, Kerstin and Biernacka, Katarzyna and Buchholz, Petra and Dolzycka, Dominika and Hartmann, Thomas and Hiemenz, Bea and Jacob, Boris and Kuberek, Monika and Weiß, Nadin and Dreyer, Malte}, title = {L{\"o}sungen und Leitf{\"a}den f{\"u}r das institutionelle Forschungsdatenmanagement}, series = {o-bib Das offene Bibliotheksjournal}, volume = {6}, journal = {o-bib Das offene Bibliotheksjournal}, number = {3}, publisher = {VDB - Verein Deutscher Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare e.V.}, address = {Erlangen}, issn = {2363-9814}, doi = {10.5282/o-bib/2019H3S21-39}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472370}, pages = {21 -- 39}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Hochschulen und deren Zentraleinrichtungen besch{\"a}ftigen sich zunehmend mit dem Thema Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM), um ihre Forschenden ad{\"a}quat zu unterst{\"u}tzen. Nicht zuletzt aufgrund neuer Verlags- und F{\"o}rderanforderungen w{\"u}nschen sich Forschende Beratung und Orientierung, wie sie mit ihren Forschungsdaten umgehen sollen. Damit Hochschulen schnell und nachhaltig L{\"o}sungen zum institutionellen FDM etablieren k{\"o}nnen, haben f{\"u}nf Berliner und Brandenburger Universit{\"a}ten im gemeinsamen Verbundvorhaben FDMentor mit F{\"o}rderung des Bundesministeriums f{\"u}r Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) entsprechende Leitf{\"a}den und Werkzeuge erarbeitet. Die innerhalb von zwei Jahren (2017-2019) entstandenen Ergebnisse in den Bereichen Strategieentwicklung, Forschungsdaten-Policy, rechtliche Aspekte und Kompetenzausbau finden {\"u}ber das Verbundprojekt hinaus ihre Anwendung.}, language = {de} } @article{SeissAlbersSremčevićetal.2019, author = {Seiß, Martin and Albers, Nicole and Sremčević, Miodrag and Schmidt, J{\"u}rgen and Salo, Heikki and Seiler, Michael and Hoffmann, Holger and Spahn, Frank}, title = {Hydrodynamic Simulations of Moonlet-induced Propellers in Saturn's Rings}, series = {The astronomical journal}, volume = {157}, journal = {The astronomical journal}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-6256}, doi = {10.3847/1538-3881/aaed44}, pages = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {One of the biggest successes of the Cassini mission is the detection of small moons (moonlets) embedded in Saturns rings that cause S-shaped density structures in their close vicinity, called propellers. Here, we present isothermal hydrodynamic simulations of moonlet-induced propellers in Saturn's A ring that denote a further development of the original model. We find excellent agreement between these new hydrodynamic and corresponding N-body simulations. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic simulations confirm the predicted scaling laws and the analytical solution for the density in the propeller gaps. Finally, this mean field approach allows us to simulate the pattern of the giant propeller Bl{\´e}riot, which is too large to be modeled by direct N-body simulations. Our results are compared to two stellar occultation observations by the Cassini Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (UVIS), which intersect the propeller Bl{\´e}riot. Best fits to the UVIS optical depth profiles are achieved for a Hill radius of 590 m, which implies a moonlet diameter of about 860 m. Furthermore, the model favors a kinematic shear viscosity of the surrounding ring material of ν0 = 340 cm2 s-1, a dispersion velocity in the range of 0.3 cm s-1 < c0 < 1.5 cm s-1, and a fairly high bulk viscosity 7 < ξ0/ν0 < 17. These large transport values might be overestimated by our isothermal ring model and should be reviewed by an extended model including thermal fluctuations.}, language = {en} } @article{PourteauSchererSchornetal.2019, author = {Pourteau, Amaury and Scherer, Erik E. and Schorn, Simon and Bast, Rebecca and Schmidt, Alexander and Ebert, Lisa}, title = {Thermal evolution of an ancient subduction interface revealed by Lu-Hf garnet geochronology, Halilbagi Complex (Anatolia)}, series = {Geoscience Frontiers}, volume = {10}, journal = {Geoscience Frontiers}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1674-9871}, doi = {10.1016/j.gsf.2018.03.004}, pages = {127 -- 148}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The thermal structure of subduction zones exerts a major influence on deep-seated mechanical and chemical processes controlling arc magmatism, seismicity, and global element cycles. Accretionary complexes exposed inland may comprise tectonic blocks with contrasting pressure-temperature (P-T) histories, making it possible to investigate the dynamics and thermal evolution of former subduction interfaces. With this aim, we present new Lu-Hf geochronological results for mafic rocks of the Halilbagi Complex (Anatolia) that evolved along different thermal gradients. Samples include a lawsonite-epidote blueschist, a lawsonite-epidote eclogite, and an epidote eclogite (all with counter-clockwise P-T paths), a prograde lawsonite blueschist with a "hairpin"-type P-T path, and a garnet amphibolite from the overlying sub-ophiolitic metamorphic sole. Equilibrium phase diagrams suggest that the garnet amphibolite formed at similar to 0.6-0.7 GPa and 800-850 degrees C, whereas the prograde lawsonite blueschist records burial from 2.1 GPa and 420 degrees C to 2.6 GPa and 520 degrees C. Well-defined Lu-Hf isochrons were obtained for the epidote eclogite (92.38 +/- 0.22 Ma) and the lawsonite-epidote blueschist (90.19 +/- 0.54 Ma), suggesting rapid garnet growth. The lawsonite-epidote eclogite (87.30 +/- 0.39 Ma) and the prograde lawsonite blueschist (ca. 86 Ma) are younger, whereas the garnet amphibolite (104.5 +/- 3.5 Ma) is older. Our data reveal a consistent trend of progressively decreasing geothermal gradient from granulite-facies conditions at similar to 104 Ma to the epidote-eclogite facies around 92 Ma, and the lawsonite blueschist-facies between 90 Ma and 86 Ma. Three Lu-Hf garnet dates (between 92 Ma and 87 Ma) weighted toward the growth of post-peak rims (as indicated by Lu distribution in garnet) suggest that the HP/LT rocks were exhumed continuously and not episodically. We infer that HP/LT metamorphic rocks within the Halilbagi Complex were subjected to continuous return flow, with "warm" rocks being exhumed during the tectonic burial of "cold" ones. Our results, combined with regional geological constraints, allow us to speculate that subduction started at a transform fault near a mid-oceanic spreading centre. Following its formation, this ancient subduction interface evolved thermally over more than 15 Myr, most likely as a result of heat dissipation rather than crustal underplating. (C) 2018, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Peking University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.}, language = {en} } @article{Scianna2019, author = {Scianna, Bastian Matteo}, title = {Rebuilding an Austrian Army}, series = {War in History}, volume = {26}, journal = {War in History}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {0968-3445}, doi = {10.1177/0968344516682057}, pages = {105 -- 123}, year = {2019}, abstract = {After the Second World War, a new Austrian Army (the Bundesheer) was formed to guarantee the country's armed neutrality. But the period between 1938 and 1945 remained a point of contention. While some Austrian officers had been sidelined, the majority had served in the Wehrmacht and thus shared experiences and soldierly values. As Cold War realities necessitated a professional experienced army, a group around Erwin Fussenegger (1908-1986) dominated the new Bundesheer and contemplations about reforming the military culture and value system were postponed; while at the same time, the Bundesheer managed to prevent becoming a mere continuation of the Wehrmacht.}, language = {en} } @article{ColomaGaedkeSivonenetal.2019, author = {Coloma, Sebastian and Gaedke, Ursula and Sivonen, Kaarina and Hiltunen, Teppo}, title = {Frequency of virus-resistant hosts determines experimental community dynamics}, series = {Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America}, volume = {100}, journal = {Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0012-9658}, doi = {10.1002/ecy.2554}, pages = {10}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Parasites, such as bacterial viruses (phages), can have large effects on host populations both at the ecological and evolutionary levels. In the case of cyanobacteria, phages can reduce primary production and infected hosts release intracellular nutrients influencing planktonic food web structure, community dynamics, and biogeochemical cycles. Cyanophages may be of great importance in aquatic food webs during large cyanobacterial blooms unless the host population becomes resistant to phage infection. The consequences on plankton community dynamics of the evolution of phage resistance in bloom forming cyanobacterial populations are still poorly studied. Here, we examined the effect of different frequencies of a phage-resistant genotype within a filamentous nitrogen-fixing Nodularia spumigena population on an experimental plankton community. Three Nodularia populations with different initial frequencies (0\%, 5\%, and 50\%) of phage-resistant genotypes were inoculated in separate treatments with the phage 2AV2, the green alga Chlorella vulgaris, and the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, which formed the experimental plankton community subjected to either nitrogen-limited or nitrogen-rich conditions. We found that the frequency of the phage-resistant Nodularia genotype determined experimental community dynamics. Cyanobacterial populations with a high frequency (50\%) of the phage-resistant genotype dominated the cultures despite the presence of phages, retaining most of the intracellular nitrogen in the plankton community. In contrast, populations with low frequencies (0\% and 5\%) of the phage-resistant genotype were lysed and reduced to extinction by the phage, transferring the intracellular nitrogen held by Nodularia to Chlorella and rotifers, and allowing Chlorella to dominate the communities and rotifers to survive. This study shows that even though phages represent minuscule biomass, they can have key effects on community composition and eco-evolutionary feedbacks in plankton communities.}, language = {en} } @article{FosterHeindelRichozetal.2019, author = {Foster, William J. and Heindel, Katrin and Richoz, Sylvain and Gliwa, Jana and Lehrmann, Daniel J. and Baud, Aymon and Kolar-Jurkovsek, Tea and Aljinovic, Dunja and Jurkovsek, Bogdan and Korn, Dieter and Martindale, Rowan C. and Peckmann, J{\"o}rn}, title = {Suppressed competitive exclusion enabled the proliferation of Permian/Triassic boundary microbialites}, series = {The Depositional Record : the open access journal of the International Association of Sedimentologists}, volume = {6}, journal = {The Depositional Record : the open access journal of the International Association of Sedimentologists}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2055-4877}, doi = {10.1002/dep2.97}, pages = {62 -- 74}, year = {2019}, abstract = {During the earliest Triassic microbial mats flourished in the photic zones of marginal seas, generating widespread microbialites. It has been suggested that anoxic conditions in shallow marine environments, linked to the end-Permian mass extinction, limited mat-inhibiting metazoans allowing for this microbialite expansion. The presence of a diverse suite of proxies indicating oxygenated shallow sea-water conditions (metazoan fossils, biomarkers and redox proxies) from microbialite successions have, however, challenged the inference of anoxic conditions. Here, the distribution and faunal composition of Griesbachian microbialites from China, Iran, Turkey, Armenia, Slovenia and Hungary are investigated to determine the factors that allowed microbialite-forming microbial mats to flourish following the end-Permian crisis. The results presented here show that Neotethyan microbial buildups record a unique faunal association due to the presence of keratose sponges, while the Palaeotethyan buildups have a higher proportion of molluscs and the foraminifera Earlandia. The distribution of the faunal components within the microbial fabrics suggests that, except for the keratose sponges and some microconchids, most of the metazoans were transported into the microbial framework via wave currents. The presence of both microbialites and metazoan associations were limited to oxygenated settings, suggesting that a factor other than anoxia resulted in a relaxation of ecological constraints following the mass extinction event. It is inferred that the end-Permian mass extinction event decreased the diversity and abundance of metazoans to the point of significantly reducing competition, allowing photosynthesis-based microbial mats to flourish in shallow water settings and resulting in the formation of widespread microbialites.}, language = {en} } @article{Herzschuh2019, author = {Herzschuh, Ulrike}, title = {Legacy of the Last Glacial on the present-day distribution of deciduous versus evergreen boreal forests}, series = {Global ecology and biogeography : a journal of macroecology}, volume = {29}, journal = {Global ecology and biogeography : a journal of macroecology}, number = {2}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1466-822X}, doi = {10.1111/geb.13018}, pages = {198 -- 206}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Issue Despite their rather similar climatic conditions, eastern Eurasia and northern North America are largely covered by different plant functional types (deciduous or evergreen boreal forest) composed of larch or pine, spruce and fir, respectively. I propose that these deciduous and evergreen boreal forests represent alternative quasi-stable states, triggered by their different northern tree refugia that reflect the different environmental conditions experienced during the Last Glacial. Evidence This view is supported by palaeoecological and environmental evidence. Once established, Asian larch forests are likely to have stabilized through a complex vegetation-fire-permafrost soil-climate feedback system. Conclusion With respect to future forest developments, this implies that Asian larch forests are likely to be governed by long-term trajectories and are therefore largely resistant to natural climate variability on time-scales shorter than millennia. The effects of regional human impact and anthropogenic global warming might, however, cause certain stability thresholds to be crossed, meaning that irreversible transitions occur and resulting in marked consequences for ecosystem services on these human-relevant time-scales.}, language = {en} } @article{Roos2019, author = {Roos, Saskia}, title = {The Dirac operator under collapse to a smooth limit space}, series = {Annals of global analysis and geometry}, volume = {57}, journal = {Annals of global analysis and geometry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0232-704X}, doi = {10.1007/s10455-019-09691-8}, pages = {121 -- 151}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Let (M-i, g(i))(i is an element of N) be a sequence of spin manifolds with uniform bounded curvature and diameter that converges to a lower-dimensional Riemannian manifold (B, h) in the Gromov-Hausdorff topology. Then, it happens that the spectrum of the Dirac operator converges to the spectrum of a certain first-order elliptic differential operator D-B on B. We give an explicit description of D-B and characterize the special case where D-B equals the Dirac operator on B.}, language = {en} } @article{EhmLonnemannBrandenburgetal.2019, author = {Ehm, Jan-Henning and Lonnemann, Jan and Brandenburg, Janin and Huschka, Sina Simone and Hasselhorn, Marcus and Lervag, Arne}, title = {Exploring factors underlying children's acquisition and retrieval of sound sound-symbol association skills}, series = {Journal of experimental child psychology}, volume = {177}, journal = {Journal of experimental child psychology}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {0022-0965}, doi = {10.1016/j.jecp.2018.07.006}, pages = {86 -- 99}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Letter knowledge is considered an important cognitive foundation for learning to read. The underlying mechanisms of the association between letter knowledge and reading skills are, however, not fully understood. Acquiring letter knowledge depends on the ability to learn and retrieve sound-symbol pairings. In the current study, this process was explored by setting preschool children's (N = 242, mean age = 5.57 years) performance in the acquisition and retrieval of a paired associate learning (PAL) task in relation to their letter knowledge as well as to their performance in tasks assessing precursors of reading skills (i.e., phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, phonological short-term memory, backward recall, and response inhibition). Multiple regression analyses revealed that performance in the acquisition of the PAL task was significantly associated with phonological awareness and backward recall, whereas performance in the retrieval of the PAL task was significantly associated with rapid automatized naming, phonological awareness, and backward recall. Moreover, PAL proved to be mediating the relation between reading precursors and letter knowledge. Together, these findings indicate that the acquisition of letter knowledge may depend on a visual-verbal associative learning mechanism and that different factors contribute to the acquisition and retrieval of such visual-verbal associations.}, language = {en} } @article{SublettSendulaLamadridetal.2019, author = {Sublett, David Matthew and Sendula, Eszter and Lamadrid, Hector and Steele-MacInnis, Matthew and Spiekermann, Georg and Burruss, Robert C. and Bodnar, Robert J.}, title = {Shift in the Raman symmetric stretching band of N-2, CO2, and CH4 as a function of temperature, pressure, and density}, series = {Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS}, volume = {51}, journal = {Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0377-0486}, doi = {10.1002/jrs.5805}, pages = {555 -- 568}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The Raman spectra of pure N-2, CO2, and CH4 were analyzed over the range 10 to 500 bars and from -160 degrees C to 200 degrees C (N-2), 22 degrees C to 350 degrees C (CO2), and -100 degrees C to 450 degrees C (CH4). At constant temperature, Raman peak position, including the more intense CO2 peak (nu+), decreases (shifts to lower wave number) with increasing pressure for all three gases over the entire pressure and temperature (PT) range studied. At constant pressure, the peak position for CO2 and CH4 increases (shifts to higher wave number) with increasing temperature over the entire PT range studied. In contrast, N-2 first shows an increase in peak position with increasing temperature at constant pressure, followed by a decrease in peak position with increasing temperature. The inflection temperature at which the trend reverses for N-2 is located between 0 degrees C and 50 degrees C at pressures above similar to 50 bars and is pressure dependent. Below similar to 50 bars, the inflection temperature was observed as low as -120 degrees C. The shifts in Raman peak positions with PT are related to relative density changes, which reflect changes in intermolecular attraction and repulsion. A conceptual model relating the Raman spectral properties of N-2, CO2, and CH4 to relative density (volume) changes and attractive and repulsive forces is presented here. Additionally, reduced temperature-dependent densimeters and barometers are presented for each pure component over the respective PT ranges. The Raman spectral behavior of the pure gases as a function of temperature and pressure is assessed to provide a framework for understanding the behavior of each component in multicomponent N-2-CO2-CH4 gas systems in a future study.}, language = {en} }