@article{ParkLuehrKervalishvilietal.2017, author = {Park, Jaeheung and L{\"u}hr, Hermann and Kervalishvili, Guram and Rauberg, Jan and Stolle, Claudia and Kwak, Young-Sil and Lee, Woo Kyoung}, title = {Morphology of high-latitude plasma density perturbations as deduced from the total electron content measurements onboard the Swarm constellation}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : A, Space physics}, volume = {122}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : A, Space physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9380}, doi = {10.1002/2016JA023086}, pages = {1338 -- 1359}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In this study, we investigate the climatology of high-latitude total electron content (TEC) variations as observed by the dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers onboard the Swarm satellite constellation. The distribution of TEC perturbations as a function of geographic/magnetic coordinates and seasons reasonably agrees with that of the Challenging Minisatellite Payload observations published earlier. Categorizing the high-latitude TEC perturbations according to line-of-sight directions between Swarm and GNSS satellites, we can deduce their morphology with respect to the geomagnetic field lines. In the Northern Hemisphere, the perturbation shapes are mostly aligned with the L shell surface, and this anisotropy is strongest in the nightside auroral (substorm) and subauroral regions and weakest in the central polar cap. The results are consistent with the well-known two-cell plasma convection pattern of the high-latitude ionosphere, which is approximately aligned with L shells at auroral regions and crossing different L shells for a significant part of the polar cap. In the Southern Hemisphere, the perturbation structures exhibit noticeable misalignment to the local L shells. Here the direction toward the Sun has an additional influence on the plasma structure, which we attribute to photoionization effects. The larger offset between geographic and geomagnetic poles in the south than in the north is responsible for the hemispheric difference.}, language = {en} } @article{ZoellerUllahBindietal.2017, author = {Z{\"o}ller, Gert and Ullah, Shahid and Bindi, Dino and Parolai, Stefano and Mikhailova, Natalya}, title = {The largest expected earthquake magnitudes in Central Asia}, series = {Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions}, volume = {432}, journal = {Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions}, publisher = {The Geological Society}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-1-86239-745-3}, issn = {0305-8719}, doi = {10.1144/SP432.3}, pages = {29 -- 40}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The knowledge of the largest expected earthquake magnitude in a region is one of the key issues in probabilistic seismic hazard calculations and the estimation of worst-case scenarios. Earthquake catalogues are the most informative source of information for the inference of earthquake magnitudes. We analysed the earthquake catalogue for Central Asia with respect to the largest expected magnitudes m(T) in a pre-defined time horizon T-f using a recently developed statistical methodology, extended by the explicit probabilistic consideration of magnitude errors. For this aim, we assumed broad error distributions for historical events, whereas the magnitudes of recently recorded instrumental earthquakes had smaller errors. The results indicate high probabilities for the occurrence of large events (M >= 8), even in short time intervals of a few decades. The expected magnitudes relative to the assumed maximum possible magnitude are generally higher for intermediate-depth earthquakes (51-300 km) than for shallow events (0-50 km). For long future time horizons, for example, a few hundred years, earthquakes with M >= 8.5 have to be taken into account, although, apart from the 1889 Chilik earthquake, it is probable that no such event occurred during the observation period of the catalogue.}, language = {en} } @article{DereudreMazzonettoRoelly2017, author = {Dereudre, David and Mazzonetto, Sara and Roelly, Sylvie}, title = {Exact simulation of Brownian diffusions with drift admitting jumps}, series = {SIAM journal on scientific computing}, volume = {39}, journal = {SIAM journal on scientific computing}, number = {3}, publisher = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1064-8275}, doi = {10.1137/16M107699X}, pages = {A711 -- A740}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In this paper, using an algorithm based on the retrospective rejection sampling scheme introduced in [A. Beskos, O. Papaspiliopoulos, and G. O. Roberts,Methodol. Comput. Appl. Probab., 10 (2008), pp. 85-104] and [P. Etore and M. Martinez, ESAIM Probab.Stat., 18 (2014), pp. 686-702], we propose an exact simulation of a Brownian di ff usion whose drift admits several jumps. We treat explicitly and extensively the case of two jumps, providing numerical simulations. Our main contribution is to manage the technical di ffi culty due to the presence of t w o jumps thanks to a new explicit expression of the transition density of the skew Brownian motion with two semipermeable barriers and a constant drift.}, language = {en} } @article{AcevedoDeWiljesReich2017, author = {Acevedo, Walter and De Wiljes, Jana and Reich, Sebastian}, title = {Second-order accurate ensemble transform particle filters}, series = {SIAM journal on scientific computing}, volume = {39}, journal = {SIAM journal on scientific computing}, number = {5}, publisher = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1064-8275}, doi = {10.1137/16M1095184}, pages = {A1834 -- A1850}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Particle filters (also called sequential Monte Carlo methods) are widely used for state and parameter estimation problems in the context of nonlinear evolution equations. The recently proposed ensemble transform particle filter (ETPF) [S. Reich, SIAM T. Sci. Comput., 35, (2013), pp. A2013-A2014[ replaces the resampling step of a standard particle filter by a linear transformation which allows for a hybridization of particle filters with ensemble Kalman filters and renders the resulting hybrid filters applicable to spatially extended systems. However, the linear transformation step is computationally expensive and leads to an underestimation of the ensemble spread for small and moderate ensemble sizes. Here we address both of these shortcomings by developing second order accurate extensions of the ETPF. These extensions allow one in particular to replace the exact solution of a linear transport problem by its Sinkhorn approximation. It is also demonstrated that the nonlinear ensemble transform filter arises as a special case of our general framework. We illustrate the performance of the second-order accurate filters for the chaotic Lorenz-63 and Lorenz-96 models and a dynamic scene-viewing model. The numerical results for the Lorenz-63 and Lorenz-96 models demonstrate that significant accuracy improvements can be achieved in comparison to a standard ensemble Kalman filter and the ETPF for small to moderate ensemble sizes. The numerical results for the scene-viewing model reveal, on the other hand, that second-order corrections can lead to statistically inconsistent samples from the posterior parameter distribution.}, language = {en} } @article{VasilievTarchanov2017, author = {Vasiliev, Sergey B. and Tarchanov, Nikolaj Nikolaevič}, title = {Construction of series of perfect lattices by layer superposition}, series = {Journal of Siberian Federal University : Mathematics \& physics}, volume = {10}, journal = {Journal of Siberian Federal University : Mathematics \& physics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sibirskij Federalʹnyj Universitet}, address = {Krasnojarsk}, issn = {1997-1397}, doi = {10.17516/1997-1397-2017-10-3-353-361}, pages = {353 -- 361}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We construct a new series of perfect lattices in n dimensions by the layer superposition method of Delaunay-Barnes.}, language = {en} } @article{ChangHedayatMahmoudiSchulze2017, author = {Chang, Der-Chen and Hedayat Mahmoudi, Mahdi and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang}, title = {Singular degenerate operators}, series = {Applicable analysis : an international journal}, volume = {96}, journal = {Applicable analysis : an international journal}, number = {14}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0003-6811}, doi = {10.1080/00036811.2017.1336546}, pages = {2434 -- 2456}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We outline some simplified and more general method for constructing parametrices on higher singular spaces. We also outline basic ideas on operators on manifolds with conical or edge singularities.}, language = {en} } @article{MeraTarchanov2017, author = {Mera, Azal Jaafar Musa and Tarchanov, Nikolaj Nikolaevič}, title = {The Neumann Problem after Spencer}, series = {Žurnal Sibirskogo Federalʹnogo Universiteta = Journal of Siberian Federal University : Matematika i fizika = Mathematics \& physics}, volume = {10}, journal = {Žurnal Sibirskogo Federalʹnogo Universiteta = Journal of Siberian Federal University : Matematika i fizika = Mathematics \& physics}, publisher = {Sibirskij Federalʹnyj Universitet}, address = {Krasnojarsk}, issn = {1997-1397}, doi = {10.17516/1997-1397-2017-10-4-474-493}, pages = {474 -- 493}, year = {2017}, abstract = {When trying to extend the Hodge theory for elliptic complexes on compact closed manifolds to the case of compact manifolds with boundary one is led to a boundary value problem for the Laplacian of the complex which is usually referred to as Neumann problem. We study the Neumann problem for a larger class of sequences of differential operators on a compact manifold with boundary. These are sequences of small curvature, i.e., bearing the property that the composition of any two neighbouring operators has order less than two.}, language = {en} } @article{MakhmudovTarchanov2017, author = {Makhmudov, O. I. and Tarchanov, Nikolaj Nikolaevič}, title = {The first mixed problem for the nonstationary Lam{\´e} system}, series = {The Rocky Mountain journal of mathematics}, volume = {47}, journal = {The Rocky Mountain journal of mathematics}, number = {8}, publisher = {Rocky Mountain Mathematics Consortium}, address = {Tempe}, issn = {0035-7596}, doi = {10.1216/RMJ-2017-47-8-2731}, pages = {2731 -- 2756}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We find an adequate interpretation of the stationary Lam'{e} operator within the framework of elliptic complexes and study the first mixed problem for the nonstationary Lam'{e} system.}, language = {en} } @article{CotroneiDiSalvoHolschneideretal.2017, author = {Cotronei, Mariantonia and Di Salvo, Rosa and Holschneider, Matthias and Puccio, Luigia}, title = {Interpolation in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces based on random subdivision schemes}, series = {Journal of computational and applied mathematics}, volume = {311}, journal = {Journal of computational and applied mathematics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0377-0427}, doi = {10.1016/j.cam.2016.08.002}, pages = {342 -- 353}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In this paper we present a Bayesian framework for interpolating data in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space associated with a random subdivision scheme, where not only approximations of the values of a function at some missing points can be obtained, but also uncertainty estimates for such predicted values. This random scheme generalizes the usual subdivision by taking into account, at each level, some uncertainty given in terms of suitably scaled noise sequences of i.i.d. Gaussian random variables with zero mean and given variance, and generating, in the limit, a Gaussian process whose correlation structure is characterized and used for computing realizations of the conditional posterior distribution. The hierarchical nature of the procedure may be exploited to reduce the computational cost compared to standard techniques in the case where many prediction points need to be considered.}, language = {en} } @article{DimitrovaFernandesKoppitz2017, author = {Dimitrova, Ilinka and Fernandes, Vitor H. and Koppitz, J{\"o}rg}, title = {A note on generators of the endomorphism semigroup of an infinite countable chain}, series = {Journal of Algebra and its Applications}, volume = {16}, journal = {Journal of Algebra and its Applications}, number = {2}, publisher = {World Scientific}, address = {Singapore}, issn = {0219-4988}, doi = {10.1142/S0219498817500311}, pages = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In this note, we consider the semigroup O(X) of all order endomorphisms of an infinite chain X and the subset J of O(X) of all transformations alpha such that vertical bar Im(alpha)vertical bar = vertical bar X vertical bar. For an infinite countable chain X, we give a necessary and sufficient condition on X for O(X) = < J > to hold. We also present a sufficient condition on X for O(X) = < J > to hold, for an arbitrary infinite chain X.}, language = {en} } @article{Muench2017, author = {M{\"u}nch, Florentin}, title = {Remarks on curvature dimension conditions on graphs}, series = {Calculus of variations and partial differential equations}, volume = {56}, journal = {Calculus of variations and partial differential equations}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {0944-2669}, doi = {10.1007/s00526-016-1104-6}, pages = {8}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We show a connection between the CDE′ inequality introduced in Horn et al. (Volume doubling, Poincar{\´e} inequality and Gaussian heat kernel estimate for nonnegative curvature graphs. arXiv:1411.5087v2, 2014) and the CDψ inequality established in M{\"u}nch (Li-Yau inequality on finite graphs via non-linear curvature dimension conditions. arXiv:1412.3340v1, 2014). In particular, we introduce a CDφψ inequality as a slight generalization of CDψ which turns out to be equivalent to CDE′ with appropriate choices of φ and ψ. We use this to prove that the CDE′ inequality implies the classical CD inequality on graphs, and that the CDE′ inequality with curvature bound zero holds on Ricci-flat graphs.}, language = {en} } @article{SiskaJonesJeonetal.2017, author = {Siska, Veronika and Jones, Eppie Ruth and Jeon, Sungwon and Bhak, Youngjune and Kim, Hak-Min and Cho, Yun Sung and Kim, Hyunho and Lee, Kyusang and Veselovskaya, Elizaveta and Balueva, Tatiana and Gallego-Llorente, Marcos and Hofreiter, Michael and Bradley, Daniel G. and Eriksson, Anders and Pinhasi, Ron and Bhak, Jong and Manica, Andrea}, title = {Genome-wide data from two early Neolithic East Asian individuals dating to 7700 years ago}, series = {Science Advances}, volume = {3}, journal = {Science Advances}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2375-2548}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1601877}, pages = {10}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Ancient genomes have revolutionized our understanding of Holocene prehistory and, particularly, the Neolithic transition in western Eurasia. In contrast, East Asia has so far received little attention, despite representing a core region at which the Neolithic transition took place independently ~3 millennia after its onset in the Near East. We report genome-wide data from two hunter-gatherers from Devil's Gate, an early Neolithic cave site (dated to ~7.7 thousand years ago) located in East Asia, on the border between Russia and Korea. Both of these individuals are genetically most similar to geographically close modern populations from the Amur Basin, all speaking Tungusic languages, and, in particular, to the Ulchi. The similarity to nearby modern populations and the low levels of additional genetic material in the Ulchi imply a high level of genetic continuity in this region during the Holocene, a pattern that markedly contrasts with that reported for Europe.}, language = {en} } @article{GuoPaychaZhang2017, author = {Guo, Li and Paycha, Sylvie and Zhang, Bin}, title = {Algebraic Birkhoff factorization and the Euler-Maclaurin formula on cones}, series = {Duke mathematical journal}, volume = {166}, journal = {Duke mathematical journal}, number = {3}, publisher = {Duke Univ. Press}, address = {Durham}, issn = {0012-7094}, doi = {10.1215/00127094-3715303}, pages = {537 -- 571}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We equip the space of lattice cones with a coproduct which makes it a cograded, coaugmented, connnected coalgebra. The exponential generating sum and exponential generating integral on lattice cones can be viewed as linear maps on this space with values in the space of meromorphic germs with linear poles at zero. We investigate the subdivision properties-reminiscent of the inclusion-exclusion principle for the cardinal on finite sets-of such linear maps and show that these properties are compatible with the convolution quotient of maps on the coalgebra. Implementing the algebraic Birkhoff factorization procedure on the linear maps under consideration, we factorize the exponential generating sum as a convolution quotient of two maps, with each of the maps in the factorization satisfying a subdivision property. A direct computation shows that the polar decomposition of the exponential generating sum on a smooth lattice cone yields an Euler-Maclaurin formula. The compatibility with subdivisions of the convolution quotient arising in the algebraic Birkhoff factorization then yields the Euler-Maclaurin formula for any lattice cone. This provides a simple formula for the interpolating factor by means of a projection formula.}, language = {en} } @article{GroschwitzSzabo2017, author = {Groschwitz, Jonas and Szabo, Tibor}, title = {Sharp Thresholds for Half-Random Games II}, series = {GRAPHS AND COMBINATORICS}, volume = {33}, journal = {GRAPHS AND COMBINATORICS}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Tokyo}, issn = {0911-0119}, doi = {10.1007/s00373-016-1753-4}, pages = {387 -- 401}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We study biased Maker-Breaker positional games between two players, one of whom is playing randomly against an opponent with an optimal strategy. In this work we focus on the case of Breaker playing randomly and Maker being "clever". The reverse scenario is treated in a separate paper. We determine the sharp threshold bias of classical games played on the edge set of the complete graph , such as connectivity, perfect matching, Hamiltonicity, and minimum degree-1 and -2. In all of these games, the threshold is equal to the trivial upper bound implied by the number of edges needed for Maker to occupy a winning set. Moreover, we show that CleverMaker can not only win against asymptotically optimal bias, but can do so very fast, wasting only logarithmically many moves (while the winning set sizes are linear in n).}, language = {en} } @article{KolasinskiMenne2017, author = {Kolasinski, Slawomir and Menne, Ulrich}, title = {Decay rates for the quadratic and super-quadratic tilt-excess of integral varifolds}, series = {Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA}, volume = {24}, journal = {Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1021-9722}, doi = {10.1007/s00030-017-0436-z}, pages = {56}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This paper concerns integral varifolds of arbitrary dimension in an open subset of Euclidean space satisfying integrability conditions on their first variation. Firstly, the study of pointwise power decay rates almost everywhere of the quadratic tilt-excess is completed by establishing the precise decay rate for two-dimensional integral varifolds of locally bounded first variation. In order to obtain the exact decay rate, a coercive estimate involving a height-excess quantity measured in Orlicz spaces is established. Moreover, counter-examples to pointwise power decay rates almost everywhere of the super-quadratic tilt-excess are obtained. These examples are optimal in terms of the dimension of the varifold and the exponent of the integrability condition in most cases, for example if the varifold is not two-dimensional. These examples also demonstrate that within the scale of Lebesgue spaces no local higher integrability of the second fundamental form, of an at least two-dimensional curvature varifold, may be deduced from boundedness of its generalised mean curvature vector. Amongst the tools are Cartesian products of curvature varifolds.}, language = {en} } @article{KhalilSchulze2017, author = {Khalil, Sara and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang}, title = {Boundary problems on a manifold with edge}, series = {Asian-European Journal of Mathematics}, volume = {10}, journal = {Asian-European Journal of Mathematics}, number = {2}, publisher = {World Scientific}, address = {Singapore}, issn = {1793-5571}, doi = {10.1142/S1793557117500875}, pages = {43}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We establish a calculus of boundary value problems (BVPs) on a manifold N with boundary and edge, based on Boutet de Monvel's theory of BVPs in the case of a smooth boundary and on the edge calculus, where in the present case the model cone has a base which is a compact manifold with boundary. The corresponding calculus with boundary and edge is a unification of both structures and controls different operator-valued symbolic structures, in order to obtain ellipticity and parametrices.}, language = {en} } @article{DereudreRoelly2017, author = {Dereudre, David and Roelly, Sylvie}, title = {Path-dependent infinite-dimensional SDE with non-regular drift}, series = {Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincar{\´e} : B, Probability and statistics}, volume = {53}, journal = {Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincar{\´e} : B, Probability and statistics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Inst. of Mathematical Statistics}, address = {Bethesda}, issn = {0246-0203}, doi = {10.1214/15-AIHP728}, pages = {641 -- 657}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We establish in this paper the existence of weak solutions of infinite-dimensional shift invariant stochastic differential equations driven by a Brownian term. The drift function is very general, in the sense that it is supposed to be neither bounded or continuous, nor Markov. On the initial law we only assume that it admits a finite specific entropy and a finite second moment. The originality of our method leads in the use of the specific entropy as a tightness tool and in the description of such infinite-dimensional stochastic process as solution of a variational problem on the path space. Our result clearly improves previous ones obtained for free dynamics with bounded drift.}, language = {en} } @article{LazaridesRubach2017, author = {Lazarides, Rebecca and Rubach, Charlott}, title = {Instructional characteristics in mathematics classrooms}, series = {Mathematics Education Research Journal}, volume = {29}, journal = {Mathematics Education Research Journal}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1033-2170}, doi = {10.1007/s13394-017-0196-4}, pages = {201 -- 217}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This longitudinal study examined relationships between student-perceived teaching for meaning, support for autonomy, and competence in mathematic classrooms (Time 1), and students' achievement goal orientations and engagement in mathematics 6 months later (Time 2). We tested whether student-perceived instructional characteristics at Time 1 indirectly related to student engagement at Time 2, via their achievement goal orientations (Time 2), and, whether student gender moderated these relationships. Participants were ninth and tenth graders (55.2\% girls) from 46 classrooms in ten secondary schools in Berlin, Germany. Only data from students who participated at both timepoints were included (N = 746 out of total at Time 1 1118; dropout 33.27\%). Longitudinal structural equation modeling showed that student-perceived teaching for meaning and support for competence indirectly predicted intrinsic motivation and effort, via students' mastery goal orientation. These paths were equivalent for girls and boys. The findings are significant for mathematics education, in identifying motivational processes that partly explain the relationships between student-perceived teaching for meaning and competence support and intrinsic motivation and effort in mathematics.}, language = {en} } @article{MakhmudovMakhmudovTarkhanov2017, author = {Makhmudov, K. O. and Makhmudov, O. I. and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich}, title = {A nonstandard Cauchy problem for the heat equation}, series = {Mathematical Notes}, volume = {102}, journal = {Mathematical Notes}, publisher = {Pleiades Publ.}, address = {New York}, issn = {0001-4346}, doi = {10.1134/S0001434617070264}, pages = {250 -- 260}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We consider the Cauchy problem for the heat equation in a cylinder C (T) = X x (0, T) over a domain X in R (n) , with data on a strip lying on the lateral surface. The strip is of the form S x (0, T), where S is an open subset of the boundary of X. The problem is ill-posed. Under natural restrictions on the configuration of S, we derive an explicit formula for solutions of this problem.}, language = {en} } @article{WichaHuisingaKloft2017, author = {Wicha, Sebastian G. and Huisinga, Wilhelm and Kloft, Charlotte}, title = {Translational pharmacometric evaluation of typical antibiotic broad-spectrum combination therapies against staphylococcus aureus exploiting in vitro information}, series = {CPT: pharmacometrics \& systems pharmacology}, volume = {6}, journal = {CPT: pharmacometrics \& systems pharmacology}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2163-8306}, doi = {10.1002/psp4.12197}, pages = {512 -- 522}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Broad-spectrum antibiotic combination therapy is frequently applied due to increasing resistance development of infective pathogens. The objective of the present study was to evaluate two common empiric broad-spectrum combination therapies consisting of either linezolid (LZD) or vancomycin (VAN) combined with meropenem (MER) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as the most frequent causative pathogen of severe infections. A semimechanistic pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model mimicking a simplified bacterial life-cycle of S. aureus was developed upon time-kill curve data to describe the effects of LZD, VAN, and MER alone and in dual combinations. The PK-PD model was successfully (i) evaluated with external data from two clinical S. aureus isolates and further drug combinations and (ii) challenged to predict common clinical PK-PD indices and breakpoints. Finally, clinical trial simulations were performed that revealed that the combination of VAN-MER might be favorable over LZD-MER due to an unfavorable antagonistic interaction between LZD and MER.}, language = {en} }