@article{SchusterKraheTopluDemirtas2016, author = {Schuster, Isabell and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Toplu-Demirtas, Ezgi}, title = {Prevalence of Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in a Sample of Female and Male College Students in Turkey}, series = {The journal of sex research : the publication of the Society for the Scientific Study of Sex}, volume = {53}, journal = {The journal of sex research : the publication of the Society for the Scientific Study of Sex}, publisher = {World Scientific}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0022-4499}, doi = {10.1080/00224499.2016.1207057}, pages = {1139 -- 1152}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In Turkey, there is a shortage of studies on the prevalence of sexual aggression among young adults. The present study examined sexual aggression victimization and perpetration since the age of 15 in a convenience sample of N=1,376 college students (886 women) from four public universities in Ankara, Turkey. Prevalence rates for different coercive strategies, victim-perpetrator constellations, and sexual acts were measured with a Turkish version of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S). Overall, 77.6\% of women and 65.5\% of men reported at least one instance of sexual aggression victimization, and 28.9\% of men and 14.2\% of women reported at least one instance of sexual aggression perpetration. Prevalence rates of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration were highest for current or former partners, followed by acquaintances/friends and strangers. Alcohol was involved in a substantial proportion of the reported incidents. The findings are the first to provide systematic evidence on sexual aggression perpetration and victimization among college students in Turkey, including both women and men.}, language = {en} } @misc{Krahe2016, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Violent Media Effects on Aggression: A Commentary from a Cross-Cultural Perspective}, series = {Analyses of social issues and public policy}, volume = {16}, journal = {Analyses of social issues and public policy}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1529-7489}, doi = {10.1111/asap.12107}, pages = {439 -- 442}, year = {2016}, abstract = {It is argued that, despite differences in cultural norms and practices, the evidence for a link between violent media use and aggression is remarkably consistent across different countries. Along with evidence that different operationalizations of violent media use also converge across countries, these findings strengthen the conclusion that violent media are a risk factor for aggression and validate the psychological explanations for these effects. However, we need comparative studies based on a consistent methodology and a theory-based selection of cultural difference variables to properly examine the potential impact of culture on the association between violent media use and aggression.}, language = {en} } @article{SchusterKraheIlabacaBaezaetal.2016, author = {Schuster, Isabell and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Ilabaca Baeza, Paola and Munoz-Reyes, Jose A.}, title = {Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration among Male and Female College Students in Chile}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01354}, pages = {12}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression among college students is primarily based on studies from Western countries. In Chile, a South American country strongly influenced by the Catholic Church, little research on sexual aggression among college students is available. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration since the age of 14 (the legal age of consent) in a sample of male and female students aged between 18 and 29 years from five Chilean universities (N = 1135), to consider possible gender differences, and to study the extent to which alcohol was involved in the reported incidents of perpetration and victimization. Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration was measured with a Chilean Spanish version of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S), which includes three coercive strategies (use or threat of physical force, exploitation of an incapacitated state, and verbal pressure), three victim-perpetrator constellations (current or former partners, friends/acquaintances, and strangers), and four sexual acts (sexual touch, attempted sexual intercourse, completed sexual intercourse, and other sexual acts, such as oral sex). Overall, 51.9\% of women and 48.0\% of men reported at least one incident of sexual victimization, and 26.8\% of men and 16.5\% of women reported at least one incident of sexual aggression perpetration since the age of 14. For victimization, only few gender differences were found, but significantly more men than women reported sexual aggression perpetration. A large proportion of perpetrators also reported victimization experiences. Regarding victim-perpetrator relationship, sexual aggression victimization and perpetration were more common between persons who knew each other than between strangers. Alcohol use by the perpetrator, victim, or both was involved in many incidents of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, particularly among strangers. The present data are the first to provide a systematic and detailed picture of sexual aggression among college students in Chile, including victimization and perpetration reports by both men and women and confirming the critical role of alcohol established in past research from Western countries.}, language = {en} } @article{Krahe2016, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Vulnerability to Sexual Victimization in Female and Male College Students in Brazil: Cross-Sectional and Prospective Evidence}, series = {Archives of sexual behavior : the official publication of the International Academy of Sex Research}, volume = {45}, journal = {Archives of sexual behavior : the official publication of the International Academy of Sex Research}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0004-0002}, doi = {10.1007/s10508-014-0451-7}, pages = {1101 -- 1115}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Using both cross-sectional and prospective analyses, this study examined vulnerability factors for sexual victimization in 541 female and male Brazilian college students, of whom a subgroup of 250 took part in two measurements 6 months apart. Risk factors for sexual victimization (alcohol consumption, casual sex, and ambiguous communication) in participants' cognitive scripts for consensual sex were linked to sexual victimization via their translation into risky sexual behavior. Pornography use was indirectly linked to sexual victimization through its influence on risky sexual scripts and sexual behavior. Child sexual abuse predicted sexual victimization in the cross-sectional analysis, and victimization since age 14 predicted revictimization in the six months covered by the prospective period. Few gender differences were found. This study is the first prospective investigation of vulnerability factors for sexual victimization in Brazil, and similarities to evidence from North America are discussed.}, language = {en} } @misc{SchusterKrahe2016, author = {Schuster, Isabell and Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Abuse of Elders Living at Home: A Review of Recent Prevalence Studies}, series = {International Journal of Behavioral Science}, volume = {11}, journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Science}, publisher = {Behavioral Science Research Institute, Srinakharinwirot University}, address = {Bangkok}, issn = {1906-4675}, pages = {93 -- 108}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This article presents evidence from recent studies on the prevalence of different forms of elder abuse. After a review of definitions and measures of elder abuse, the findings of 20 original studies containing 26 samples from 17 countries published since 2010 are summarized. Overall prevalence rates showed a high variability across studies, ranging from 2.2\% in a study from Ireland to 43.7\% in a study from Egypt. Evidence on gender differences in the vulnerability for abuse and the predominant relationship constellations between abusers and victims did not yield a consistent picture across studies. Conceptual and methodological reasons for the variability in prevalence rates are discussed, and an outlook for future research is presented. In particular, consistent definitions and measures are needed to facilitate the comparative analysis of elder abuse in different studies and cultural contexts.}, language = {en} } @article{RohlfKraheBusching2016, author = {Rohlf, Helena, L. and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Busching, Robert}, title = {The socializing effect of classroom aggression on the development of aggression and social rejection: A two-wave multilevel analysis}, series = {Journal of school psychology}, volume = {58}, journal = {Journal of school psychology}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0022-4405}, doi = {10.1016/j.jsp.2016.05.002}, pages = {57 -- 72}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{KraheVanwesenbeeck2016, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Vanwesenbeeck, Ine}, title = {Mapping an agenda for the study of youth sexual aggression in Europe: assessment, principles of good practice, and the multilevel analysis of risk factors}, series = {Journal of sexual aggression}, volume = {22}, journal = {Journal of sexual aggression}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1355-2600}, doi = {10.1080/13552600.2015.1066885}, pages = {161 -- 174}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Sexual aggression is a serious threat to young people's sexual health in Europe, but establishing the exact scale of the problem has been hampered by a variety of conceptual and methodological problems. This article presents a framework for studying youth sexual aggression that addresses both prevalence and risk factors of victimisation and perpetration. It proposes a research tool to comprehensively assess the perpetration of, and victimisation by, sexual aggression that captures different coercive strategies, sexual acts, victim-perpetrator relations, and gender constellations. The instrument is rooted in a clear conceptual definition of sexual aggression and was pilot-tested in 10 countries of the European Union (EU). Furthermore, a list of good practice criteria is proposed to promote the quality and comparability of research on youth sexual aggression in Europe. A multilevel approach combining individual-level and country-level predictors of sexual aggression is outlined and illustrated with data from the pilot study in 10 countries.}, language = {en} } @article{TomaszewskaKrahe2016, author = {Tomaszewska, Paulina and Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Attitudes towards sexual coercion by Polish high school students: links with risky sexual scripts, pornography use, and religiosity}, series = {Journal of sexual aggression}, volume = {22}, journal = {Journal of sexual aggression}, publisher = {Soci{\~A}©t{\~A}© pour le Progr{\~A}¨s des Etudes Philologiques et Historiques}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1355-2600}, doi = {10.1080/13552600.2016.1195892}, pages = {291 -- 307}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The link between cognitive scripts for consensual sexual interactions and attitudes towards sexual coercion was studied in 524 Polish high school students. We proposed that risky sexual scripts, containing risk elements linked to sexual aggression, would be associated with attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use and religiosity were included as predictors of participants' risky sexual scripts and attitudes towards sexual coercion. Risky sexual scripts were linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use was indirectly linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion via risky sexual scripts. Religiosity showed a positive direct link with attitudes towards sexual coercion, but a negative indirect link through risky sexual scripts. The results are discussed regarding the significance of risky sexual scripts, pornography use, and religiosity in understanding attitudes towards sexual coercion as well as their implications for preventing sexually aggressive behaviour.}, language = {en} } @article{JungKraheBondueetal.2016, author = {Jung, Janis Moritz and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Bondue, Rebecca and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Wyschkon, Anne}, title = {Dynamic progression of antisocial behavior in childhood and adolescence}, series = {Applied Developmental Science}, volume = {22}, journal = {Applied Developmental Science}, number = {1}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1088-8691}, doi = {10.1080/10888691.2016.1219228}, pages = {74 -- 88}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This longitudinal study from Germany examined the dynamic progression of antisocial behavior in childhood and adolescence based on the social interactional model by Patterson, DeBaryshe, and Ramsey. It examined the link between antisocial behavior, social rejection, academic failure, and affiliation with deviant peers in a sample of 1,657 children and youths aged between 6 and 15 years who were studied at three measurement waves (T1 to T3) over a time period of about 5 years. Teachers rated the children on all variables, parents additionally provided ratings of antisocial behavior and social rejection. Latent structural equation modeling yielded the predicted positive paths from antisocial behavior at T1 to social rejection and academic failure at T2. As predicted, affiliation with deviant peers at T2 was positively associated with social rejection and academic failure at the same measurement point. Finally, affiliation with deviant peers at T2 significantly predicted antisocial behavior at T3.}, language = {en} } @article{JungKraheBusching2016, author = {Jung, Janis Moritz and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Busching, Robert}, title = {Beyond the positive reinforcement of aggression}, series = {International Journal of Behavioral Development}, volume = {42}, journal = {International Journal of Behavioral Development}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {0165-0254}, doi = {10.1177/0165025416671613}, pages = {73 -- 82}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Being surrounded by peers who are accepting of aggression is a significant predictor of the development and persistence of aggression in childhood and adolescence. Whereas past research has focused on social reinforcement mechanisms as the underlying processes, the present longitudinal study analysed the role of external control beliefs as an additional mediator explaining the link between peers' acceptance of aggression and the development of aggressive behaviour. Drawing on a large community sample of N = 1,466 male and female children and adolescents from Germany aged between 10 and 18 years, results of latent structural equation modeling were consistent with the hypotheses that peer acceptance of aggression would predict external control beliefs in the social domain, which in turn, should predict aggressive behaviour over time. Additional multigroup analyses showed that the predicted pathways were consistent across gender and age groups.}, language = {en} } @article{SchusterKraheIlabacaBaezaetal.2016, author = {Schuster, Isabell and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Ilabaca Baeza, Paola and Munoz-Reyes, Jose Antonio}, title = {Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration among Male and Female College Students in Chile}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01354}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression among college students is primarily based on studies from Western countries. In Chile, a South American country strongly influenced by the Catholic Church, little research on sexual aggression among college students is available. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration since the age of 14 (the legal age of consent) in a sample of male and female students aged between 18 and 29 years from five Chilean universities (N = 1135), to consider possible gender differences, and to study the extent to which alcohol was involved in the reported incidents of perpetration and victimization. Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration was measured with a Chilean Spanish version of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S), which includes three coercive strategies (use or threat of physical force, exploitation of an incapacitated state, and verbal pressure), three victim-perpetrator constellations (current or former partners, friends/acquaintances, and strangers), and four sexual acts (sexual touch, attempted sexual intercourse, completed sexual intercourse, and other sexual acts, such as oral sex). Overall, 51.9\% of women and 48.0\% of men reported at least one incident of sexual victimization, and 26.8\% of men and 16.5\% of women reported at least one incident of sexual aggression perpetration since the age of 14. For victimization, only few gender differences were found, but significantly more men than women reported sexual aggression perpetration. A large proportion of perpetrators also reported victimization experiences. Regarding victim-perpetrator relationship, sexual aggression victimization and perpetration were more common between persons who knew each other than between strangers. Alcohol use by the perpetrator, victim, or both was involved in many incidents of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, particularly among strangers. The present data are the first to provide a systematic and detailed picture of sexual aggression among college students in Chile, including victimization and perpetration reports by both men and women and confirming the critical role of alcohol established in past research from Western countries.}, language = {en} }