@article{HohensteinKliegl2014, author = {Hohenstein, Sven and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Semantic preview benefit during reading}, series = {Journal of experimental psychology : Learning, memory, and cognition}, volume = {40}, journal = {Journal of experimental psychology : Learning, memory, and cognition}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0278-7393}, doi = {10.1037/a0033670}, pages = {166 -- 190}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Word features in parafoveal vision influence eye movements during reading. The question of whether readers extract semantic information from parafoveal words was studied in 3 experiments by using a gaze-contingent display change technique. Subjects read German sentences containing 1 of several preview words that were replaced by a target word during the saccade to the preview (boundary paradigm). In the 1st experiment the preview word was semantically related or unrelated to the target. Fixation durations on the target were shorter for semantically related than unrelated previews, consistent with a semantic preview benefit. In the 2nd experiment, half the sentences were presented following the rules of German spelling (i.e., previews and targets were printed with an initial capital letter), and the other half were presented completely in lowercase. A semantic preview benefit was obtained under both conditions. In the 3rd experiment, we introduced 2 further preview conditions, an identical word and a pronounceable nonword, while also manipulating the text contrast. Whereas the contrast had negligible effects, fixation durations on the target were reliably different for all 4 types of preview. Semantic preview benefits were greater for pretarget fixations closer to the boundary (large preview space) and, although not as consistently, for long pretarget fixation durations (long preview time). The results constrain theoretical proposals about eye movement control in reading.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{ZerleElsaesser2014, author = {Zerle-Els{\"a}ßer, Claudia}, title = {Wer wird Vater und wann?}, publisher = {Wiss. Verl.}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-86573-844-8}, pages = {299}, year = {2014}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Sarrar2014, author = {Sarrar, Lea}, title = {Kognitive Funktionen bei adoleszenten Patienten mit Anorexia nervosa und unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72439}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Anorexia nervosa und unipolare Affektive St{\"o}rungen stellen h{\"a}ufige und schwerwiegende kinder- und jugendpsychiatrische St{\"o}rungsbilder dar, deren Pathogenese bislang nicht vollst{\"a}ndig entschl{\"u}sselt ist. Verschiedene Studien zeigen bei erwachsenen Patienten gravierende Auff{\"a}lligkeiten in den kognitiven Funktionen. Dahingegen scheinen bei adoleszenten Patienten lediglich leichtere Einschr{\"a}nkungen in den kognitiven Funktionen vorzuliegen. Die Pr{\"a}valenz der Anorexia nervosa und unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rung ist mit Beginn der Adoleszenz deutlich erh{\"o}ht. Es ist anzunehmen, dass kognitive Dysfunktionen, die sich bereits in diesem Alter abzeichnen, den weiteren Krankheitsverlauf bis in das Erwachsenenalter, die Behandlungsergebnisse und die Prognose maßgeblich beeintr{\"a}chtigen k{\"o}nnten. Zudem ist von einem h{\"o}heren Chronifizierungsrisiko auszugehen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden daher kognitive Funktionen bei adoleszenten Patientinnen mit Anorexia nervosa sowie Patienten mit unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rungen untersucht. Die {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung der kognitiven Funktionen bei Patientinnen mit Anorexia nervosa erfolgte vor und nach Gewichtszunahme. Weiterhin wurden zugrundeliegende biologische Mechanismen {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Zudem wurde die Spezifit{\"a}t kognitiver Dysfunktionen f{\"u}r beide St{\"o}rungsbilder untersucht und bei Patienten mit unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rungen geschlechtsbezogene Unterschiede exploriert. Insgesamt gingen 47 Patientinnen mit Anorexia nervosa (mittleres Alter 16,3 + 1,6 Jahre), 39 Patienten mit unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rungen (mittleres Alter 15,5 + 1,3 Jahre) sowie 78 Kontrollprobanden (mittleres Alter 16,5 + 1,3 Jahre) in die Untersuchung ein. S{\"a}mtliche Studienteilnehmer durchliefen eine neuropsychologische Testbatterie, bestehend aus Verfahren zur {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung der kognitiven Flexibilit{\"a}t sowie visuellen und psychomotorischen Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit. Neben einem Intelligenzscreening wurden zudem das Ausmaß der depressiven Symptomatik sowie die allgemeine psychische Belastung erfasst. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass bei adoleszenten Patientinnen mit Anorexia nervosa, sowohl im akut untergewichtigen Zustand als auch nach Gewichtszunahme, lediglich milde Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen in den kognitiven Funktionen vorliegen. Im akut untergewichtigen Zustand offenbarten sich deutliche Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen dem appetitregulierenden Peptid Agouti-related Protein und kognitiver Flexibilit{\"a}t, nicht jedoch zwischen Agouti-related Protein und visueller oder psychomotorischer Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit. Bei dem Vergleich von Anorexia nervosa und unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rungen pr{\"a}dizierte die Zugeh{\"o}rigkeit zu der Patientengruppe Anorexia nervosa ein Risiko f{\"u}r das Vorliegen kognitiver Dysfunktionen. Es zeigte sich zudem, dass adoleszente Patienten mit unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rungen lediglich in der psychomotorischen Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit tendenziell schw{\"a}chere Leistungen offenbarten als gesunde Kontrollprobanden. Es ergab sich jedoch ein genereller geschlechtsbezogener Vorteil f{\"u}r weibliche Probanden in der visuellen und psychomotorischen Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit. Die vorliegenden Befunde unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit der {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung kognitiver Funktionen bei adoleszenten Patienten mit Anorexia nervosa sowie unipolaren Affektiven St{\"o}rungen in der klinischen Routinediagnostik. Die Patienten k{\"o}nnten von spezifischen Therapieprogrammen profitieren, die Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen in den kognitiven Funktionen mildern bzw. pr{\"a}ventiv behandeln.}, language = {de} } @article{AustinGroppeElsner2014, author = {Austin, Gina and Groppe, Karoline and Elsner, Birgit}, title = {The reciprocal relationship between executive function and theory of mind in middle childhood: a 1-year longitudinal perspective}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00655}, pages = {11}, year = {2014}, abstract = {There is robust evidence showing a link between executive function (EF) and theory of mind (ToM) in 3-to 5-year-olds. However, it is unclear whether this relationship extends to middle childhood. In addition, there has been much discussion about the nature of this relationship. Whereas some authors claim that ToM is needed for EF, others argue that ToM requires EF. To date, however, studies examining the longitudinal relationship between distinct sub components of EF [i.e., attention shifting, working memory (WM) updating, inhibition] and ToM in middle childhood are rare. The present study examined (1) the relationship between three EF subcomponents (attention shifting, WM updating, inhibition) and ToM in middle childhood, and (2) the longitudinal reciprocal relationships between the EF subcomponents and ToM across a 1-year period. EF and ToM measures were assessed experimentally in a sample of 1,657 children (aged 6-11 years) at time point one (t1) and 1 year later at time point two (t2). Results showed that the concurrent relationships between all three EF subcomponents and ToM pertained in middle childhood at t1 and t2, respectively, even when age, gender, and fluid intelligence were partialle dout. Moreover, cross-lagged structural equation modeling (again, controlling for age, gender, and fluid intelligence, as well as for the earlier levels of the target variables), revealed partial support for the view that early ToM predictslater EF, but stronger evidence for the assumption that early EF predictslater ToM. The latter was found for attention shifting and WM updating, but not for inhibition. This reveals the importance of studying the exact interplay of ToM and EF across childhood development, especially with regard to different EF subcomponents. Most likely, understanding others' mental states at different levels of perspective-taking requires specific EF subcomponents, suggesting developmental change in the relations between EF and ToM across childhood.}, language = {en} } @article{RisseKliegl2014, author = {Risse, Sarah and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Dissociating preview validity and preview difficulty in parafoveal processing of word n+1 during reading}, series = {Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance}, volume = {40}, journal = {Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0096-1523}, doi = {10.1037/a0034997}, pages = {653 -- 668}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Many studies have shown that previewing the next word n + 1 during reading leads to substantial processing benefit (e.g., shorter word viewing times) when this word is eventually fixated. However, evidence of such preprocessing in fixations on the preceding word n when in fact the information about the preview is acquired is far less consistent. A recent study suggested that such effects may be delayed into fixations on the next word n + 1 (Risse \& Kliegl, 2012). To investigate the time course of parafoveal information-acquisition on the control of eye movements during reading, we conducted 2 gaze-contingent display-change experiments and orthogonally manipulated the processing difficulty (i.e., word frequency) of an n + 1 preview word and its validity relative to the target word. Preview difficulty did not affect fixation durations on the pretarget word n but on the target word n + 1. In fact, the delayed preview-difficulty effect was almost of the same size as the preview benefit associated with the n + 1 preview validity. Based on additional results from quantile-regression analyses on the time course of the 2 preview effects, we discuss consequences as to the integration of foveal and parafoveal information and potential implications for computational models of eye guidance in reading.}, language = {en} } @article{Risse2014, author = {Risse, Sarah}, title = {Effects of visual span on reading speed and parafoveal processing in eye movements during sentence reading}, series = {Journal of vision}, volume = {14}, journal = {Journal of vision}, number = {8}, publisher = {Association for Research in Vision and Opthalmology}, address = {Rockville}, issn = {1534-7362}, doi = {10.1167/14.8.11}, pages = {13}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{GroppeElsner2014, author = {Groppe, Karoline and Elsner, Birgit}, title = {Executive function and food approach behavior in middle childhood}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00447}, pages = {12}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Executive function (EF) has long been considered to be a unitary, domain-general cognitive ability. However, recent research suggests differentiating "hot" affective and "cool" cognitive aspects of EF. Yet, findings regarding this two-factor construct are still inconsistent. In particular, the development of this factor structure remains unclear and data on school-aged children is lacking. Furthermore, studies linking EF and overweight or obesity suggest that EF contributes to the regulation of eating behavior. So far, however, the links between EF and eating behavior have rarely been investigated in children and non-clinical populations. First, we examined whether EF can be divided into hot and cool factors or whether they actually correspond to a unitary construct in middle childhood. Second, we examined how hot and cool EF are associated with different eating styles that put children at risk of becoming overweight during development. Hot and cool EF were assessed experimentally in a non-clinical population of 1657 elementary-school children (aged 6-11 years). The "food approach" behavior was rated mainly via parent questionnaires. Findings indicate that hot EF is distinguishable from cool EF. However, only cool EF seems to represent a coherent functional entity, whereas hot EF does not seem to be a homogenous construct. This was true for a younger and an older subgroup of children. Furthermore, different EF components were correlated with eating styles, such as responsiveness to food, desire to drink, and restrained eating in girls but not in boys. This shows that lower levels of EF are not only seen in clinical populations of obese patients but are already associated with food approach styles in a normal population of elementary school-aged girls. Although the direction of effect still has to be clarified, results point to the possibility that EF constitutes a risk factor for eating styles contributing to the development of overweight in the long-term.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Nowozin2014, author = {Nowozin, Claudia}, title = {Effects of the use of artificial light on ciradian rhythm and emotion}, address = {Potsdam}, pages = {121 S.}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{WarschburgerCalvanoBeckeretal.2014, author = {Warschburger, Petra and Calvano, Claudia and Becker, Sebastian and Friedt, Michael and Hudert, Christian and Posovszky, Carsten and Schier, Maike and Wegscheider, Karl}, title = {Stop the pain: study protocol for a randomized-controlled trial}, series = {Trials}, volume = {15}, journal = {Trials}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1745-6215}, doi = {10.1186/1745-6215-15-357}, pages = {11}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background: Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is not only a highly prevalent disease but also poses a considerable burden on children and their families. Untreated, FAP is highly persistent until adulthood, also leading to an increased risk of psychiatric disorders. Intervention studies underscore the efficacy of cognitive behavioral treatment approaches but are limited in terms of sample size, long-term follow-up data, controls and inclusion of psychosocial outcome data. Methods/Design: In a multicenter randomized controlled trial, 112 children aged 7 to 12 years who fulfill the Rome III criteria for FAP will be allocated to an established cognitive behavioral training program for children with FAP (n = 56) or to an active control group (focusing on age-appropriate information delivery; n = 56). Randomization occurs centrally, blockwise and is stratified by center. This study is performed in five pediatric gastroenterology outpatient departments. Observer-blind assessments of outcome variables take place four times: pre-, post-, 3- and 12-months post-treatment. Primary outcome is the course of pain intensity and frequency. Secondary endpoints are health-related quality of life, pain-related coping and cognitions, as well as selfefficacy. Discussion: This confirmatory randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral intervention for children with FAP. By applying an active control group, time and attention processes can be controlled, and long-term follow-up data over the course of one year can be explored.}, language = {en} } @article{LaubrockKinder2014, author = {Laubrock, Jochen and Kinder, Annette}, title = {Incidental sequence learning in a motion coherence discrimination task: how response learning affects perception}, series = {Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance}, volume = {40}, journal = {Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0096-1523}, doi = {10.1037/a0037315}, pages = {1963 -- 1977}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The serial reaction time task (SRTT) is a standard task used to investigate incidental sequence learning. Whereas incidental learning of motor sequences is well-established, few and disputed results support learning of perceptual sequences. Here we adapt a motion coherence discrimination task (Newsome \& Pare, 1988) to the sequence learning paradigm. The new task has 2 advantages: (a) the stimulus is presented at fixation, thereby obviating overt eye movements, and (b) by varying coherence a perceptual threshold measure is available in addition to the performance measure of RT. Results from 3 experiments show that action relevance of the sequence is necessary for sequence learning to occur, that the amount of sequence knowledge varies with the ease of encoding the motor sequence, and that sequence knowledge, once acquired, has the ability to modify perceptual thresholds.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{SchwarzMiller2014, author = {Schwarz, Wolfgang and Miller, Jeff O.}, title = {When less equals more: probability summation without sensitivity improvement}, series = {Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance}, volume = {40}, journal = {Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0096-1523}, doi = {10.1037/a0037548}, pages = {2091 -- 2100}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Many perceptual and cognitive tasks permit or require the integrated cooperation of specialized sensory channels, detectors, or other functionally separate units. In compound detection or discrimination tasks, 1 prominent general mechanism to model the combination of the output of different processing channels is probability summation. The classical example is the binocular summation model of Pirenne (1943), according to which a weak visual stimulus is detected if at least 1 of the 2 eyes detects this stimulus; as we review briefly, exactly the same reasoning is applied in numerous other fields. It is generally accepted that this mechanism necessarily predicts performance based on 2 (or more) channels to be superior to single channel performance, because 2 separate channels provide "2 chances" to succeed with the task. We argue that this reasoning is misleading because it neglects the increased opportunity with 2 channels not just for hits but also for false alarms and that there may well be no redundancy gain at all when performance is measured in terms of receiver operating characteristic curves. We illustrate and support these arguments with a visual detection experiment involving different spatial uncertainty conditions. Our arguments and findings have important implications for all models that, in one way or another, rest on, or incorporate, the notion of probability summation for the analysis of detection tasks, 2-alternative forced-choice tasks, and psychometric functions.}, language = {en} } @misc{DolkHommelColzatoetal.2014, author = {Dolk, Thomas and Hommel, Bernhard and Colzato, Lorenza S. and Schuetz-Bosbach, Simone and Prinz, Wolfgang and Liepelt, Roman}, title = {The joint Simon effect a review and theoretical integration}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00974}, pages = {10}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EngelhardtFernandez2014, author = {Engelhardt, Paul E. and Fernandez, Leigh B.}, title = {Measures in sentence processing: eye tracking and pupillometry}, series = {Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science}, volume = {15}, booktitle = {Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1612-4782}, pages = {S15 -- S16}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FischerShaki2014, author = {Fischer, Martin H. and Shaki, Samuel}, title = {Reading space into numbers: an update}, series = {Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science}, volume = {15}, booktitle = {Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1612-4782}, pages = {S21 -- S21}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{MeckelmannDannenhauer2014, author = {Meckelmann, Viola and Dannenhauer, Nina Alice}, title = {Developmental Tasks for Contemporary Adolescents Significance and Coping}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie der Erziehung und Sozialisation}, volume = {34}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie der Erziehung und Sozialisation}, number = {2}, publisher = {Juventa-Verl.}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1436-1957}, pages = {182 -- 197}, year = {2014}, language = {de} } @article{HenschelSchaffner2014, author = {Henschel, Sofie and Schaffner, Ellen}, title = {Differential relationships between components of reading motivation and comprehension of literary and expository texts}, series = {Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung und Praxis}, volume = {61}, journal = {Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Forschung und Praxis}, number = {2}, publisher = {Reinhardt}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0342-183X}, doi = {10.2378/peu2014.art10d}, pages = {112 -- 126}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Studies on habitual reading motivation (RM) indicate positive relations between intrinsic RM and text comprehension. Extrinsic RM in contrast is not or negatively correlated with text comprehension. However, it is unknown on which sub-dimensions - in particular of intrinsic RM these relationships are based and whether they apply to the understanding of literary and expository texts equally. Therefore, we examined in a sample of 1500 9th graders whether there are differential relationships between single subdimensions of intrinsic RM (object- vs. experience-related) and extrinsic RM (competition- vs. achievement-related) and comprehension of literary and expository texts. Results indicate that both dimensions of extrinsic RM are negatively (competition-related RM) or not significantly (achievement-related RM) associated with comprehension of literary and expository texts. While object-related RM has equally strong positive effects on both types of text comprehension, experience-related RM is exclusively associated with literary, but not with expository text comprehension.}, language = {de} } @article{Muschalla2014, author = {Muschalla, Beate}, title = {Capacity-oriented behavior therapy in mental disorders}, series = {Verhaltenstherapie}, volume = {24}, journal = {Verhaltenstherapie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1016-6262}, doi = {10.1159/000358737}, pages = {48 -- 55}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Capacity-Oriented Behavior Therapy in Mental Disorders Mental disorders come along with the impairment of activities and capacities of daily live. Behavior therapy often uses capacity trainings for improving compensatory behavior, beside symptom reduction as such. This article gives an overview on how behavior therapy techniques can be used to improve compensatory behavior in different capacity domains that were conceptually derived from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and which are often impaired in mental disorders.}, language = {de} } @article{PaslakisBuchmannWestphaletal.2014, author = {Paslakis, Georgios and Buchmann, Arlette F. and Westphal, Sabine and Banaschewski, Tobias and Hohm, Erika and Zimmermann, Ulrich S. and Laucht, Manfred and Deuschle, Michael}, title = {Intrauterine exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with increased ghrelin concentrations in adulthood}, series = {Neuroendocrinology : international journal for basic and clinical studies on neuroendocrine relationships}, volume = {99}, journal = {Neuroendocrinology : international journal for basic and clinical studies on neuroendocrine relationships}, number = {2}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Basel}, issn = {0028-3835}, doi = {10.1159/000363325}, pages = {123 -- 129}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background: The appetite-stimulating hormone ghrelin is a fundamental regulator of human energy metabolism. A series of studies support the notion that long-term appetite and weight regulation may be already programmed in early life and it could be demonstrated that the intrauterine environment affects the ghrelin system of the offspring. Animal studies have also shown that intrauterine programming of orexigenic systems persists even until adolescence/adulthood. Methods: We hypothesized that plasma ghrelin concentrations in adulthood may be associated with the intrauterine exposure to cigarette smoke. We examined this hypothesis in a sample of 19-year-olds followed up since birth in the framework of the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, an ongoing epidemiological cohort study of the long-term outcome of early risk factors. Results: As a main finding, we found that ghrelin plasma concentrations in young adults who had been exposed to cigarette smoke in utero were significantly higher than in those without prenatal smoke exposure. Moreover, individuals with intrauterine nicotine exposure showed a significantly higher prevalence of own smoking habits and lower educational status compared to those in the group without exposure. Conclusion: Smoking during pregnancy may be considered as an adverse intrauterine influence that may alter the endocrine-metabolic status of the offspring even until early adulthood.}, language = {en} } @article{FernandezShalomKliegletal.2014, author = {Fernandez, Gerardo and Shalom, Diego E. and Kliegl, Reinhold and Sigman, Mariano}, title = {Eye movements during reading proverbs and regular sentences: the incoming word predictability effect}, series = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, volume = {29}, journal = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, number = {3}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {2327-3798}, doi = {10.1080/01690965.2012.760745}, pages = {260 -- 273}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @unpublished{FischerShaki2014, author = {Fischer, Martin H. and Shaki, Samuel}, title = {Spatial biases in mental arithmetic}, series = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, volume = {67}, journal = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, number = {8}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1747-0218}, doi = {10.1080/17470218.2014.927516}, pages = {1457 -- 1460}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{FischerShaki2014, author = {Fischer, Martin H. and Shaki, Samuel}, title = {Spatial associations in numerical cognition-From single digits to arithmetic}, series = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, volume = {67}, journal = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, number = {8}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1747-0218}, doi = {10.1080/17470218.2014.927515}, pages = {1461 -- 1483}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The literature on spatial associations during number processing is dominated by the SNARC (spatial-numerical association of response codes) effect. We describe spatial biases found for single digits and pairs of numbers, first in the "original" speeded parity task and then extending the scope to encompass different tasks, a range of measures, and various populations. Then we review theoretical accounts before surveying the emerging evidence for similar spatial associations during mental arithmetic. We conclude that the mental number line hypothesis and an embodied approach are useful frameworks for further studies.}, language = {en} } @article{PinhasShakiFischer2014, author = {Pinhas, Michal and Shaki, Samuel and Fischer, Martin H.}, title = {Heed the signs: Operation signs have spatial associations}, series = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, volume = {67}, journal = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, number = {8}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1747-0218}, doi = {10.1080/17470218.2014.892516}, pages = {1527 -- 1540}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Mental arithmetic shows systematic spatial biases. The association between numbers and space is well documented, but it is unknown whether arithmetic operation signs also have spatial associations and whether or not they contribute to spatial biases found in arithmetic. Adult participants classified plus and minus signs with left and right button presses under two counterbalanced response rules. Results from two experiments showed that spatially congruent responses (i.e., right-side responses for the plus sign and left-side responses for the minus sign) were responded to faster than spatially incongruent ones (i.e., left-side responses for the plus sign and right-side responses for the minus sign). We also report correlations between this novel operation sign spatial association (OSSA) effect and other spatial biases in number processing. In a control experiment with no explicit processing requirements for the operation signs there were no sign-related spatial biases. Overall, the results suggest that (a) arithmetic operation signs can evoke spatial associations (OSSA), (b) experience with arithmetic operations probably underlies the OSSA, and (c) the OSSA only partially contributes to spatial biases in arithmetic.}, language = {en} } @article{WiemersBekkeringLindemann2014, author = {Wiemers, Michael and Bekkering, Harold and Lindemann, Oliver}, title = {Spatial interferences in mental arithmetic: Evidence from the motion-arithmetic compatibility effect}, series = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, volume = {67}, journal = {The quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, number = {8}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1747-0218}, doi = {10.1080/17470218.2014.889180}, pages = {1557 -- 1570}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Recent research on spatial number representations suggests that the number space is not necessarily horizontally organized and might also be affected by acquired associations between magnitude and sensory experiences in vertical space. Evidence for this claim is, however, controversial. The present study now aims to compare vertical and horizontal spatial associations in mental arithmetic. In Experiment 1, participants solved addition and subtraction problems and indicated the result verbally while moving their outstretched right arm continuously left-, right-, up-, or downwards. The analysis of the problem-solving performances revealed a motion-arithmetic compatibility effect for spatial actions along both the horizontal and the vertical axes. Performances in additions was impaired while making downward compared to upward movements as well as when moving left compared to right and vice versa in subtractions. In Experiment 2, instead of being instructed to perform active body movements, participants calculated while the problems moved in one of the four relative directions on the screen. For visual motions, only the motion-arithmetic compatibility effect for the vertical dimension could be replicated. Taken together, our findings provide first evidence for an impact of spatial processing on mental arithmetic. Moreover, the stronger effect of the vertical dimension supports the idea that mental calculations operate on representations of numerical magnitude that are grounded in a vertically organized mental number space.}, language = {en} } @article{ClahsenFleischhauer2014, author = {Clahsen, Harald and Fleischhauer, Elisabeth}, title = {Morphological priming in child German}, series = {Journal of child language}, volume = {41}, journal = {Journal of child language}, number = {6}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {0305-0009}, doi = {10.1017/S0305000913000494}, pages = {1305 -- 1333}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{WangZhouShuetal.2014, author = {Wang, Aiping and Zhou, Wei and Shu, Hua and Yan, Ming}, title = {Reading proficiency modulates parafoveal processing efficiency: Evidence from reading Chinese as a second language}, series = {Acta psychologica : international journal of psychonomics}, volume = {152}, journal = {Acta psychologica : international journal of psychonomics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0001-6918}, doi = {10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.07.010}, pages = {29 -- 33}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In the present study, we manipulated different types of information available in the parafovea during the reading of Chinese sentences and examined how native Korean readers who learned Chinese as a second language make use of the parafoveal information. Results clearly indicate that, only identical and orthographically similar previews facilitated processing of the target words when they were subsequently fixated. More critically, more parafoveal information was obtained by subjects with higher reading proficiency. These results suggest that, mainly low-level features of the parafoveal words are obtained by the non-native Chinese readers and less attentional resources are available for the readers with lower reading proficiency, thereby causing a reduction of the perceptual span.}, language = {en} } @misc{BoeckerSchlierHolzBuchmannetal.2014, author = {Boecker-Schlier, Regina and Holz, Nathalie E. and Buchmann, Arlette F. and Blomeyer, Dorothea and Plichta, Michael M. and Wolf, Isabella and Baumeister, Sarah and Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas and Banaschewski, Tobias and Brandeis, Daniel and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Impact of early life adversity on reward processing in young adults: EEG-fMRI results from a prospective study over 25 years}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {9}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {10}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0112155}, pages = {1}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{Muschalla2014, author = {Muschalla, Beate}, title = {Work-related anxieties in research and practice}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie : german journal of work and organizational psychology}, volume = {58}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie : german journal of work and organizational psychology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {0932-4089}, doi = {10.1026/0932-4089/a000166}, pages = {206 -- 214}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Workplaces contain by their very nature different anxiety-provoking characteristics. When workplace-related anxieties manifest, absenteeism, long-term-sick leave, and even disability pension can be the consequences. In medical-vocational rehabilitation about 30-60 \% of the patients suffer from workplace-related anxieties that are often a barrier for return to work. Even in mentally healthy employees, 5 \% said that they were prone to ask for a sick leave certificate due to workplace-related anxieties. Future research should focus on workplace-related anxieties not only in rehabilitation, but more earlier, i. e. in the workplace. The concept of workplace-related anxieties offers ideas which can be useful in mental-health-oriented work analysis, employee-workplace-fit, and job design.}, language = {de} } @article{BrandHeckZiegler2014, author = {Brand, Ralf and Heck, Philipp and Ziegler, Matthias}, title = {Illegal performance enhancing drugs and doping in sport: a picture-based}, series = {Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy}, volume = {9}, journal = {Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1747-597X}, doi = {10.1186/1747-597X-9-7}, pages = {11}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Method: Following a known-group differences validation strategy, the doping attitudes of 43 athletes from bodybuilding (representative for a highly doping prone sport) and handball (as a contrast group) were compared using the picture-based doping-BIAT. The Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale (PEAS) was employed as a corresponding direct measure in order to additionally validate the results. Results: As expected, in the group of bodybuilders, indirectly measured doping attitudes as tested with the picture-based doping-BIAT were significantly less negative (eta(2) = .11). The doping-BIAT and PEAS scores correlated significantly at r = .50 for bodybuilders, and not significantly at r = .36 for handball players. There was a low error rate (7\%) and a satisfactory internal consistency (r(dagger dagger) = .66) for the picture-based doping-BIAT. Conclusions: The picture-based doping-BIAT constitutes a psychometrically tested method, ready to be adopted by the international research community. The test can be administered via the internet. All test material is available "open source". The test might be implemented, for example, as a new effect-measure in the evaluation of prevention programs.}, language = {en} } @article{BondueScheithauer2014, author = {Bond{\"u}, Rebecca and Scheithauer, Herbert}, title = {Leaking and death-threats by students: A study in German schools}, series = {School psychology international}, volume = {35}, journal = {School psychology international}, number = {6}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {0143-0343}, doi = {10.1177/0143034314552346}, pages = {592 -- 608}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Leaking comprises observable behavior or statements that signal intentions of committing a violent offense and is considered an important warning sign for school shootings. School staff who are confronted with leaking have to assess its seriousness and react appropriately - a difficult task, because knowledge about leaking is sparse. The present study, therefore, examined how frequently leaking occurs in schools and how teachers identify leaking and respond to it. To achieve this aim, we informed teachers from eight schools in Germany about the definition of leaking and other warning signs and risk factors for school shootings in a one-hour information session. Teachers were then asked to report cases of leaking over a six- to nine-month period and to answer a questionnaire on leaking and its treatment after the information session and six to nine months later. Our results suggest that leaking is a relevant problem in German schools. Teachers mostly rated the information session positively and benefited in several aspects (e.g. reported more perceived courses of action or improved knowledge about leaking), but also expressed a constant need for support. Our findings highlight teachers' needs for further support and training and may be used in the planning of prevention measures for school shootings.}, language = {en} } @article{FischerHartmann2014, author = {Fischer, Martin H. and Hartmann, Matthias}, title = {Pushing forward in embodied cognition: may we mouse the mathematical mind?}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01315}, pages = {4}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Freely available software has popularized "mousetracking" to study cognitive processing; this involves the on-line recording of cursor positions while participants move a computer mouse to indicate their choice. Movement trajectories of the cursor can then be reconstructed off-line to assess the efficiency of responding in time and across space. Here we focus on the process of selecting among alternative numerical responses. Several studies have recently measured the mathematical mind with cursor movements while people decided about number magnitude or parity, computed sums or differences, or simply located numbers on a number line. After some general methodological considerations about mouse tracking we discuss several conceptual concerns that become particularly evident when "mousing" the mathematical mind.}, language = {en} } @article{NikitopoulosZohselBlomeyeretal.2014, author = {Nikitopoulos, Joerg and Zohsel, Katrin and Blomeyer, Dorothea and Buchmann, Arlette F. and Schmid, Brigitte and Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine and Becker, Katja and Schmidt, Martin H. and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Brandeis, Daniel and Banaschewski, Tobias and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Are infants differentially sensitive to parenting? Early maternal care, DRD4 genotype and externalizing behavior during adolescence}, series = {Journal of psychiatric research}, volume = {59}, journal = {Journal of psychiatric research}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0022-3956}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.08.012}, pages = {53 -- 59}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @unpublished{ShakiFischer2014, author = {Shaki, Samuel and Fischer, Martin H.}, title = {Removing spatial responses reveals spatial concepts even in a culture with mixed reading habits}, series = {Frontiers in human neuroscienc}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in human neuroscienc}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1662-5161}, doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2014.00966}, pages = {2}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @unpublished{FischerKnops2014, author = {Fischer, Martin H. and Knops, Andre}, title = {Attentional cueing in numerical cognition}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01381}, pages = {3}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @misc{MillerSchwarz2014, author = {Miller, Jeff and Schwarz, Wolfgang}, title = {Brain signals do not demonstrate unconscious decision making: An interpretation based on graded conscious awareness}, series = {Consciousness and cognition}, volume = {24}, journal = {Consciousness and cognition}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {1053-8100}, doi = {10.1016/j.concog.2013.12.004}, pages = {12 -- 21}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Neuroscientific studies have shown that brain activity correlated with a decision to move can be observed before a person reports being consciously aware of having made that decision (e.g., Libet, Gleason, Wright, \& Pearl, 1983; Soon, Brass, Heinze, \& Haynes, 2008). Given that a later event (i.e., conscious awareness) cannot cause an earlier one (i.e., decision-related brain activity), such results have been interpreted as evidence that decisions are made unconsciously (e.g., Libet, 1985). We argue that this interpretation depends upon an all-or-none view of consciousness, and we offer an alternative interpretation of the early decision-related brain activity based on models in which conscious awareness of the decision to move develops gradually up to the level of a reporting criterion. Under this interpretation, the early brain activity reflects sub-criterion levels of awareness rather than complete absence of awareness and thus does not suggest that decisions are made unconsciously.}, language = {en} } @article{PattersonTrompeltFelser2014, author = {Patterson, Clare and Trompelt, Helena and Felser, Claudia}, title = {The online application of binding condition B in native and non-native pronoun resolution}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00147}, pages = {16}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{HolzBoeckerSchlierBaumeisteretal.2014, author = {Holz, Nathalie E. and Boecker-Schlier, Regina and Baumeister, Sarah and Hohm, Erika and Zohsel, Katrin and Buchmann, Arlette F. and Blomeyer, Dorothea and Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine and Hohmann, Sarah and Wolf, Isabella and Plichta, Michael M. and Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas and Banaschewski, Tobias and Brandeis, Daniel and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Effect of prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke on inhibitory control neuroimaging results from a 25-Year prospective study}, series = {JAMA psychiatry}, volume = {71}, journal = {JAMA psychiatry}, number = {7}, publisher = {American Veterinary Medical Association}, address = {Chicago}, issn = {2168-622X}, doi = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.786}, pages = {786 -- 796}, year = {2014}, abstract = {IMPORTANCE: There is accumulating evidence relating maternal smoking during pregnancy to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) without elucidating specific mechanisms. Research investigating the neurobiological underpinnings of this disorder has implicated deficits during response inhibition. Attempts to uncover the effect of prenatal exposure to nicotine on inhibitory control may thus be of high clinical importance. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Functional magnetic resonance imaging response, morphometric data, lifetime ADHD symptoms, and novelty seeking. RESULTS: Participants prenatally exposed to nicotine exhibited a weaker response in the anterior cingulate cortex (t(168) = 4.46; peak Montreal Neurological Institute [MNI] coordinates x = -2, y = 20, z = 30; familywise error [FWE]-corrected P = .003), the right inferior frontal gyrus (t(168) = 3.65; peak MNI coordinates x = 44, y = 38, z = 12; FWE-corrected P = .04), the left inferior frontal gyrus (t(168) = 4.09; peak MNI coordinates x = -38, y = 36, z = 8; FWE-corrected P = .009), and the supramarginal gyrus (t(168) = 5.03; peak MNI coordinates x = 64, y = -28, z = 22; FWE-corrected P = .02) during the processing of the NoGo compared to neutral stimuli, while presenting a decreased volume in the right inferior frontal gyrus. These findings were obtained irrespective of the adjustment of confounders, ADHD symptoms, and novelty seeking. There was an inverse relationship between inferior frontal gyrus activity and ADHD symptoms and between anterior cingulate cortex activity and novelty seeking. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These findings point to a functional involvement of prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke in neural alterations similar to ADHD, which underlines the importance of smoking prevention treatments.}, language = {en} } @article{MuschallaLinden2014, author = {Muschalla, Beate and Linden, Michael}, title = {Workplace phobia, workplace problems, and work ability among primary care patients with chronic mental disorders}, series = {Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine}, volume = {27}, journal = {Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Board of Family Medicine}, address = {Lexington}, issn = {1557-2625}, doi = {10.3122/jabfm.2014.04.130308}, pages = {486 -- 494}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Purpose: Work-related anxieties are frequent and have a negative effect on the occupational performance of patients and absence due to sickness. Most important is workplace phobia, that is, panic when approaching or even thinking of the workplace. This study is the first to estimate the prevalence of workplace phobia among primary care patients suffering from chronic mental disorders and to describe which illness-related or workplace-specific context factors are associated with workplace phobia. Methods: A convenience sample of 288 primary care patients with chronic mental disorders (70\% women) seen by 40 primary care clinicians in Germany were assessed using a standardized diagnostic interview about mental disorders and workplace problems. Workplace phobia was assessed by the Workplace Phobia Scale and a structured Diagnostic and Statical Manual of Mental Disorders-based diagnostic interview. In addition, capacity and participation restrictions, illness severity, and sick leave were assessed. Results: Workplace phobia was found in 10\% of patients with chronic mental disorders, that is, approximately about 3\% of all general practice patients. Patients with workplace phobia had longer durations of sick leave than patients without workplace phobia and were impaired to a higher degree in work-relevant capacities. They also had a higher degree of restrictions in participation in other areas of life. Conclusions: Workplace phobia seems to be a frequent problem in primary care. It may behoove primary care clinicians to consider workplace-related anxiety, including phobia, particularly when patients ask for a work excuse for nonspecific somatic complaints.}, language = {en} } @article{MyachykovScheepersFischeretal.2014, author = {Myachykov, Andriy and Scheepers, Christoph and Fischer, Martin H. and Kessler, Klaus}, title = {TEST: A tropic, embodied, and situated theory of cognition}, series = {Topics in cognitive science}, volume = {6}, journal = {Topics in cognitive science}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1756-8757}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12024}, pages = {442 -- 460}, year = {2014}, abstract = {TEST is a novel taxonomy of knowledge representations based on three distinct hierarchically organized representational features: Tropism, Embodiment, and Situatedness. Tropic representational features reflect constraints of the physical world on the agent's ability to form, reactivate, and enrich embodied (i.e., resulting from the agent's bodily constraints) conceptual representations embedded in situated contexts. The proposed hierarchy entails that representations can, in principle, have tropic features without necessarily having situated and/or embodied features. On the other hand, representations that are situated and/or embodied are likely to be simultaneously tropic. Hence, although we propose tropism as the most general term, the hierarchical relationship between embodiment and situatedness is more on a par, such that the dominance of one component over the other relies on the distinction between offline storage versus online generation as well as on representation-specific properties.}, language = {en} } @article{HofmannDambacherJacobsetal.2014, author = {Hofmann, Markus J. and Dambacher, Michael and Jacobs, Arthur M. and Kliegl, Reinhold and Radach, Ralph and Kuchinke, Lars and Plichta, Michael M. and Fallgatter, Andreas J. and Herrmann, Martin J.}, title = {Occipital and orbitofrontal hemodynamics during naturally paced reading: An fNIRS study}, series = {NeuroImage : a journal of brain function}, volume = {94}, journal = {NeuroImage : a journal of brain function}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {1053-8119}, doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.014}, pages = {193 -- 202}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Humans typically read at incredibly fast rates, because they predict likely occurring words from a given context. Here, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to track the ultra-rapid hemodynamic responses of words presented every 280 ms in a naturally paced sentence context. We found a lower occipital deoxygenation to unpredictable than to predictable words. The greater hemodynamic responses to unexpected words suggest that the visual features of expected words have been pre-activated previous to stimulus presentation. Second, we tested opposing theoretical proposals about the role of the medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC): Either OFC may respond to the breach of expectation; or OFC is activated when the present stimulus matches the prediction. A significant interaction between word frequency and predictability indicated OFC responses to breaches of expectation for low- but not for high-frequency words: OFC is sensitive to both, bottom-up processing as mediated by word frequency, as well as top-down predictions. Particularly, when a rare word is unpredictable, OFC becomes active. Finally, we discuss how a high temporal resolution can help future studies to disentangle the hemodynamic responses of single trials in such an ultra-rapid event succession as naturally paced reading. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{YanZhouShuetal.2014, author = {Yan, Ming and Zhou, Wei and Shu, Hua and Yusupu, Rizwangul and Miao, Dongxia and Kruegel, Andre and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Eye movements guided by morphological structure: Evidence from the Uighur language}, series = {Cognition : international journal of cognitive science}, volume = {132}, journal = {Cognition : international journal of cognitive science}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0010-0277}, doi = {10.1016/j.cognition.2014.03.008}, pages = {181 -- 215}, year = {2014}, abstract = {It is generally accepted that low-level features (e.g., inter-word spaces) are responsible for saccade-target selection in eye-movement control during reading. In two experiments using Uighur script known for its rich suffixes, we demonstrate that, in addition to word length and launch site, the number of suffixes influences initial landing positions. We also demonstrate an influence of word frequency. These results are difficult to explain purely by low-level guidance of eye movements and indicate that due to properties specific to Uighur script low-level visual information and high-level information such as morphological structure of parafoveal words jointly influence saccade programming. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{PanYanLaubrocketal.2014, author = {Pan, Jinger and Yan, Ming and Laubrock, Jochen and Shu, Hua and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Saccade-target selection of dyslexic children when reading Chinese}, series = {Vision research : an international journal for functional aspects of vision.}, volume = {97}, journal = {Vision research : an international journal for functional aspects of vision.}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0042-6989}, doi = {10.1016/j.visres.2014.01.014}, pages = {24 -- 30}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This study investigates the eye movements of dyslexic children and their age-matched controls when reading Chinese. Dyslexic children exhibited more and longer fixations than age-matched control children, and an increase of word length resulted in a greater increase in the number of fixations and gaze durations for the dyslexic than for the control readers. The report focuses on the finding that there was a significant difference between the two groups in the fixation landing position as a function of word length in single-fixation cases, while there was no such difference in the initial fixation of multi-fixation cases. We also found that both groups had longer incoming saccade amplitudes while the launch sites were closer to the word in single fixation cases than in multi-fixation cases. Our results suggest that dyslexic children's inefficient lexical processing, in combination with the absence of orthographic word boundaries in Chinese, leads them to select saccade targets at the beginning of words conservatively. These findings provide further evidence for parafoveal word segmentation during reading of Chinese sentences.}, language = {en} } @article{FernandezLaubrockMandolesietal.2014, author = {Fernandez, Gerardo and Laubrock, Jochen and Mandolesi, Pablo and Colombo, Oscar and Agamennoni, Osvaldo}, title = {Difficulties in predicting upcoming words}, series = {Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology}, volume = {36}, journal = {Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology}, number = {3}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1380-3395}, doi = {10.1080/13803395.2014.892060}, pages = {302 -- 316}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{KruegelEngbert2014, author = {Kruegel, Andre and Engbert, Ralf}, title = {A model of saccadic landing positions in reading under the influence of sensory noise}, series = {Visual cognition}, volume = {22}, journal = {Visual cognition}, number = {3-4}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1350-6285}, doi = {10.1080/13506285.2014.894166}, pages = {334 -- 353}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @unpublished{HartmannFischer2014, author = {Hartmann, Matthias and Fischer, Martin H.}, title = {Pupillometry: The eyes shed fresh light on the mind}, series = {Current biology}, volume = {24}, journal = {Current biology}, number = {7}, publisher = {Cell Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {0960-9822}, doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2014.02.028}, pages = {R281 -- R282}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{BuchmannHolzBoeckerSchlieretal.2014, author = {Buchmann, Arlette F. and Holz, Nathalie and Boecker-Schlier, Regina and Blomeyer, Dorothea and Rietschel, Marcella and Witt, Stephanie H. and Schmidt, Martin H. and Esser, G{\"u}nter and Banaschewski, Tobias and Brandeis, Daniel and Zimmermann, Ulrich S. and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Moderating role of FKBP5 genotype in the impact of childhood adversity on cortisol stress response during adulthood}, series = {European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology}, volume = {24}, journal = {European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology}, number = {6}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0924-977X}, doi = {10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.12.001}, pages = {837 -- 845}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Recent research suggests an important role of FKBP5, a glucocorticoid receptor regulating co-chaperone, in the development of stress-related diseases such as depression and anxiety disorders. The present study aimed to replicate and extend previous evidence indicating that FKBP5 polymorphisms moderate hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function by examining whether FKBP5 rs1360780 genotype and different measures of childhood adversity interact to predict stress-induced cortisol secretion. At age 19 years, 195 young adults (90 males, 105 females) participating in an epidemiological cohort study completed the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to assess cortisol stress responsiveness and were genotyped for the FKBP5 rs1360780. Childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and by a standardized parent interview yielding an index of family adversity. A significant interaction between genotype and childhood adversity on cortisol response to stress was demonstrated for exposure to childhood maltreatment as assessed by retrospective self-report (CTQ), but not for prospectively ascertained objective family adversity. Severity of childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with attenuated cortisol levels among carriers of the rs1360780 CC genotype, while no such effect emerged in carriers of the T allele. These findings point towards the functional involvement of FKBP5 in long-term alterations of neuroendocrine stress regulation related to childhood maltreatment, which have been suggested to represent a premorbid risk or resilience factor in the context of stress-related disorders. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. and ECNR This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.}, language = {en} } @article{JuengerKlieglOberauer2014, author = {J{\"u}nger, Elisabeth and Kliegl, Reinhold and Oberauer, Klaus}, title = {No evidence for feature overwriting in visual working memory}, series = {Memory}, volume = {22}, journal = {Memory}, number = {4}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0965-8211}, pages = {374 -- 389}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{KrauseLindemann2014, author = {Krause, Florian and Lindemann, Oliver}, title = {Expyriment: A Python library for cognitive and neuroscientific experiments}, series = {Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society}, volume = {46}, journal = {Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {1554-351X}, doi = {10.3758/s13428-013-0390-6}, pages = {416 -- 428}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Expyriment is an open-source and platform-independent lightweight Python library for designing and conducting timing-critical behavioral and neuroimaging experiments. The major goal is to provide a well-structured Python library for script-based experiment development, with a high priority being the readability of the resulting program code. Expyriment has been tested extensively under Linux and Windows and is an all-in-one solution, as it handles stimulus presentation, the recording of input/output events, communication with other devices, and the collection and preprocessing of data. Furthermore, it offers a hierarchical design structure, which allows for an intuitive transition from the experimental design to a running program. It is therefore also suited for students, as well as for experimental psychologists and neuro-scientists with little programming experience.}, language = {en} } @misc{KrauseLindemann2014, author = {Krause, Florian and Lindemann, Oliver}, title = {Expyriment: A Python library for cognitive and neuroscientific experiments}, series = {Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society}, volume = {46}, journal = {Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {1554-351X}, doi = {10.3758/s13428-013-0436-9}, pages = {416 -- 428}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{KrauseLindemannTonietal.2014, author = {Krause, Florian and Lindemann, Oliver and Toni, Ivan and Bekkering, Harold}, title = {Different brains process Numbers differently: Structural bases of individual differences in spatial and nonspatial number representations}, series = {Journal of cognitive neuroscience}, volume = {26}, journal = {Journal of cognitive neuroscience}, number = {4}, publisher = {MIT Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {0898-929X}, doi = {10.1162/jocn_a_00518}, pages = {768 -- 776}, year = {2014}, abstract = {A dominant hypothesis on how the brain processes numerical size proposes a spatial representation of numbers as positions on a "mental number line." An alternative hypothesis considers numbers as elements of a generalized representation of sensorimotor-related magnitude, which is not obligatorily spatial. Here we show that individuals' relative use of spatial and nonspatial representations has a cerebral counterpart in the structural organization of the posterior parietal cortex. Interindividual variability in the linkage between numbers and spatial responses (faster left responses to small numbers and right responses to large numbers; spatial-numerical association of response codes effect) correlated with variations in gray matter volume around the right precuneus. Conversely, differences in the disposition to link numbers to force production (faster soft responses to small numbers and hard responses to large numbers) were related to gray matter volume in the left angular gyrus. This finding suggests that numerical cognition relies on multiple mental representations of analogue magnitude using different neural implementations that are linked to individual traits.}, language = {en} } @article{BosDragoyAvrutinetal.2014, author = {Bos, Laura S. and Dragoy, Olga V. and Avrutin, S. and Iskra, E. and Bastiaanse, Roelien}, title = {Understanding discourse-linked elements in aphasia: A threefold study in Russian}, series = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience}, volume = {57}, journal = {Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0028-3932}, doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.02.017}, pages = {20 -- 28}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background: Agrammatic speakers have problems with grammatical encoding and decoding. However, not all syntactic processes are equally problematic: present time reference, who questions, and reflexives can be processed by narrow syntax alone and are relatively spared compared to past time reference, which questions, and personal pronouns, respectively. The latter need additional access to discourse and information structures to link to their referent outside the clause (Avrutin, 2006). Linguistic processing that requires discourse-linking is difficult for agrammatic individuals: verb morphology with reference to the past is more difficult than with reference to the present (Bastiaanse et al., 2011). The same holds for which questions compared to who questions and for pronouns compared to reflexives (Avrutin, 2006). These results have been reported independently for different populations in different languages. The current study, for the first time, tested all conditions within the same population. Aims: We had two aims with the current study. First, we wanted to investigate whether discourse-linking is the common denominator of the deficits in time reference, wh questions, and object pronouns. Second, we aimed to compare the comprehension of discourse-linked elements in people with agrammatic and fluent aphasia. Methods and procedures: Three sentence-picture-matching tasks were administered to 10 agrammatic, 10 fluent aphasic, and 10 non-brain-damaged Russian speakers (NBDs): (1) the Test for Assessing Reference of Time (TART) for present imperfective (reference to present) and past perfective (reference to past), (2) the Wh Extraction Assessment Tool (WHEAT) for which and who subject questions, and (3) the Reflexive-Pronoun Test (RePro) for reflexive and pronominal reference. Outcomes and results: NBDs scored at ceiling and significantly higher than the aphasic participants. We found an overall effect of discourse-linking in the TART and WHEAT for the agrammatic speakers, and in all three tests for the fluent speakers. Scores on the RePro were at ceiling. Conclusions: The results are in line with the prediction that problems that individuals with agrammatic and fluent aphasia experience when comprehending sentences that contain verbs with past time reference, which question words and pronouns are caused by the fact that these elements involve discourse linking. The effect is not specific to agrammatism, although it may result from different underlying disorders in agrammatic and fluent aphasia.}, language = {en} }