@misc{BrigardTorres2019,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Brigard Torres, Juan Camilo},
  title     = {An aesthetic cartography of fast},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-46933},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-469333},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {89},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {In this cartography, I examine M.K. Gandhi's practice of fasting for political purposes from a specifically aesthetic perspective. In other words, to foreground their dramatic qualities, how they in their expressive repetition, patterning and stylization produced a/effected heightened forms of emotions. To carry out this task, I follow the theater scholar Erika Fischer-Lichte's features that give name to her book {\"A}esthetik des Performativen (2004). The cartography is framed in a philosophical presentation of Gandhi's discourse as well as of his historical sources. Moreover, as a second frame, I historicize the fasts, by means of a typology and teleology in context. The historically and discoursively framed cartography maps four main dimensions that define the aesthetics of the performative: mediality, materiality, semioticity and aestheticity. The first part analyses the medial platforms in which the fasts as events have been historically recorded and in which they have left their traces and inscriptions. These historical sources are namely, newspapers, images, newsreels and a documentary film. Secondly, the material dimension depicts Gandhi's corporeal condition, as well as the spatiality and temporality of the fasts. In the third place, I revise and reformulate critically Fischer-Lichte's concepts of "presence" and "representation" with resonating concepts of G. C. Spivak and J. Ranci{\`e}re. This revision illustrates Gandhi's fasts and shows the process of how an individual may become the embodiment or representation of a national body-politic. The last chapter of the cartography explores the autopoetic-feedback loop between Gandhi and the people and finishes with a comparison of the mise en sc{\`e}ne of the hunger artists with the fasts of the Indian the politician, social reformer, and theologian. The text concludes interpreting Gandhi's practice of fasting under the light of the concepts of "intellectual emancipation" and "de-subjectivation" of the philosopher J. Ranci{\`e}re. The four main concerns of this cartography are: Firstly, in the field of Gandhi's reception, to explore the aesthetic dimension as both alternative and complementary to the two hegemonic interpretative lenses, i.e. a hagiographic or a secular political understanding of the fasts. From a theoretical perspective, the cartography pursues to be a transdisciplinary experiment that aims at deploying concepts that have been traditionally developed, derived from and used in the field of the arts (theater, film, literature, aesthetic performance, etc.) in the field of the political. In brief, inverting an expression of Ranci{\`e}re, to understand politics as aesthetics. Thirdly, from a thematic point of view, the cartography inquires the historical forms of staging and perception of hunger. Last yet importantly, it is an inquiry of the practice of fasting as nonviolence, what Gandhi, its most sophisticated modern theoretician and practitioner considered its most radical expression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KaanLiese2011,
  author    = {Kaan, Christopher and Liese, Andrea Margit},
  title     = {Public private partnerships in global food governance: business engagement and legitimacy in the global fight against hunger and malnutrition},
  series = {Agriculture and human values : journal of the Agriculture, Food, and Human Values Society},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Agriculture and human values : journal of the Agriculture, Food, and Human Values Society},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {0889-048X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10460-009-9255-0},
  pages     = {385 -- 399},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {This article compares two transnational public-private partnerships against hunger and malnutrition, the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition and the International Alliance Against Hunger with regard to their degree of business involvement and their input and output legimacy. We examine the participation of stakeholders, the accountability and transparency of the decision-making process, and the perceived provision of a public good. We identify a link between business involvement and output legitimacy, and we discuss the implications for public and private food governance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HerbertHerbertPollatosetal.2012,
  author    = {Herbert, Beate M. and Herbert, Cornelia and Pollatos, Olga and Weimer, Katja and Enck, Paul and Sauer, Helene and Zipfel, Stephan},
  title     = {Effects of short-term food deprivation on interoceptive awareness, feelings and autonomic cardiac activity},
  series = {Biological psychology},
  volume    = {89},
  journal   = {Biological psychology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0301-0511},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.09.004},
  pages     = {71 -- 79},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The perception of internal bodily signals (interoception) plays a relevant role for emotion processing and feelings. This study investigated changes of interoceptive awareness and cardiac autonomic activity induced by short-term food deprivation and its relationship to hunger and affective experience. 20 healthy women were exposed to 24 h of food deprivation in a controlled setting. Interoceptive awareness was assessed by using a heartbeat tracking task. Felt hunger, cardiac autonomic activity, mood and subjective appraisal of interoceptive sensations were assessed before and after fasting. Results show that short-term fasting intensifies interoceptive awareness, not restricted to food cues, via changes of autonomic cardiac and/or cardiodynamic activity. The increase of interoceptive awareness was positively related to felt hunger. Additionally, the results demonstrate the role of cardiac vagal activity as a potential index of emotion related self-regulation, for hunger, mood and the affective appraisal of interoceptive signals during acute fasting.},
  language  = {en}
}