@inproceedings{RojahnGronau2024, author = {Rojahn, Marcel and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {Openness indicators for the evaluation of digital platforms between the launch and maturity phase}, series = {Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, editor = {Bui, Tung X.}, publisher = {Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, isbn = {978-0-99813-317-1}, pages = {4516 -- 4525}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In recent years, the evaluation of digital platforms has become an important focus in the field of information systems science. The identification of influential indicators that drive changes in digital platforms, specifically those related to openness, is still an unresolved issue. This paper addresses the challenge of identifying measurable indicators and characterizing the transition from launch to maturity in digital platforms. It proposes a systematic analytical approach to identify relevant openness indicators for evaluation purposes. The main contributions of this study are the following (1) the development of a comprehensive procedure for analyzing indicators, (2) the categorization of indicators as evaluation metrics within a multidimensional grid-box model, (3) the selection and evaluation of relevant indicators, (4) the identification and assessment of digital platform architectures during the launch-to-maturity transition, and (5) the evaluation of the applicability of the conceptualization and design process for digital platform evaluation.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Rogge2024, author = {Rogge, Franziska}, title = {Multiprofessionelle Kooperation an inklusiven Schulen im Bundesland Brandenburg: Vorkommen, Profile, Auswirkungen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63919}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-639190}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {202}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Lehr- und anderen Fachkr{\"a}ften stellt in Modellen inklusiver Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung sowie Schuleffektivit{\"a}t ein wichtiges Element dar. Wenngleich Kooperation als bedeutsam postuliert wird, so belegen Studien, dass diese bisher {\"u}berwiegend in autonomieerhaltenden Formen praktiziert wird. Als entwicklungsf{\"o}rderlich gelten jedoch v.a. komplexere Formen der Zusammenarbeit. Vor dem Hintergrund inklusiver Bildung und dem Anspruch einer bestm{\"o}glichen individuellen Entwicklung der Sch{\"u}ler*innen stellt die Zusammenarbeit von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften folglich ein sehr bedeutsames Thema dar. Es ist zu hinterfragen, wie sich die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften im Primar- wie Sekundarstufenbereich an inklusiven Schulen gestaltet, welche Faktoren diese beeinflussen und welche Relevanz die unterschiedlichen Formen der Zusammenarbeit im Prozess inklusiver Schulentwicklung einnehmen. Bestehende Forschungsdesiderata aufgrei-fend, fokussiert die vorliegende Dissertation auf die realisierte Zusammenarbeit von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften im Primar- und Sekundarstufenbereich inklusiver Schulen, am Beispiel des Landes Brandenburg. Neben den realisierten Formen der Zusammenarbeit, stehen insbesondere die Identifikation von Kooperationsmustern von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften sowie von Schulen, und deren Zusammenh{\"a}nge mit der Leistungsentwicklung von Sch{\"u}ler*innen im Kern des Forschungsinteresses. Die vorliegende Dissertation bearbeitet insgesamt sechs Forschungsfragen, welche in drei Teilstudien adressiert werden: Zun{\"a}chst werden mittels deskriptiver Analysen sowie Mehrebenenmodellierungen die Ausgangslage multiprofessioneller Kooperation (erste Forschungsfrage) sowie deren Rahmenbedingungen (zweite Forschungsfrage) im Primar- wie Sekundarstufenbereich erfasst (Teilstudie 1). Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}fte kooperierten {\"u}berwiegend in autonomieerhaltenden, austauschbasierten Formen. Weiterhin zeigte sich, dass insbesondere die individuelle Offenheit zur Zusammenarbeit sowie die subjektiv wahrgenommene Unterst{\"u}tzung durch die Schulleitung bedeutsame Faktoren f{\"u}r die Realisierung multiprofessioneller Kooperation darstellten. Die Fragestellungen drei und vier befassen sich mit der Identifikation von Mustern im Kooperationsverhalten (Teilstudie 2). Zum einen geht es hierbei um personenbezogene Profile von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften (dritte Forschungsfrage), zum anderen um schulbezogene Profile (vierte Forschungsfrage), welche mittels des personenzentrierten Ansatzes der latenten Profilanalysen unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Mehrebenenstruktur identifiziert werden. Hinsichtlich des individuellen Kooperationsverhaltens konnten vier Profile eruiert werden, bzgl. des schulspezifischen Kooperationsverhaltens drei. Die Mehrheit der Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}fte konnte im „regularly"-Profil verortet werden, d.h. nach eigener Einsch{\"a}tzung kooperierten diese {\"u}berdurchschnittlich h{\"a}ufig im Austausch miteinander und arbeitsteilig, aber auch regelm{\"a}ßig kokonstruktiv. Auf Schulebene zeigte sich, dass etwa jede zweite inklusive Schule im Land Brandenburg {\"u}ber eine hoch ausgepr{\"a}gte Kooperationskultur verf{\"u}gte. Im Fokus der Teilstudie 3 wird den Fragen nachgegangen, in welchem Zusammenhang die schulspezifischen Kooperationskulturen mit der Leistungsentwicklung von Sch{\"u}ler*innen in der Primar- wie Sekundarstufe steht. Mittels autoregressiver Mehrebenenanalysen wird einerseits der Zusammenhang mit der Leistungsentwicklung aller Sch{\"u}ler*innen (f{\"u}nfte Forschungsfrage) untersucht, sowie spezifisch auf die Entwicklung von Sch{\"u}ler*innen mit und ohne sonderp{\"a}dagogischem F{\"o}rderbedarf (sechste Forschungsfrage) fokussiert. Ein zentrales Ergebnis war hierbei, dass Sch{\"u}ler*innen mit sonderp{\"a}dagogischem F{\"o}rderbedarf in der Primar- wie Sekundarstufe in ihrer Leistungsentwicklung am st{\"a}rksten profitierten, wenn sie an Schulen lernten, an denen sich die Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}fte sehr regelm{\"a}ßig {\"u}ber Lernst{\"a}nde der Sch{\"u}ler*innen austauschten (Austausch), Arbeitspakete f{\"u}r differenzierte Lernangebote erarbeiteten und verteilten (Arbeitsteilung) und dar{\"u}ber hinaus gelegentlich gemeinsam Probleml{\"o}sungen entwickelten (Kokonstruktion). Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der postulierten Relevanz multiprofessioneller Kooperation f{\"u}r inklusive Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklungsprozesse eingeordnet und diskutiert. Weiterhin werden verschiedene praktische Implikationen f{\"u}r die Unterst{\"u}tzung multiprofessioneller Zusammenarbeit im Primar- und Sekundarstufenbereich abgeleitet.}, language = {de} } @article{RockstroemKotzeMilutinovićetal.2024, author = {Rockstr{\"o}m, Johan and Kotz{\´e}, Louis and Milutinović, Svetlana and Biermann, Frank and Brovkin, Victor and Donges, Jonathan and Ebbesson, Jonas and French, Duncan and Gupta, Joyeeta and Kim, Rakhyun and Lenton, Timothy and Lenzi, Dominic and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Neumann, Barbara and Schuppert, Fabian and Winkelmann, Ricarda and Bosselmann, Klaus and Folke, Carl and Lucht, Wolfgang and Schlosberg, David and Richardson, Katherine and Steffen, Will}, title = {The planetary commons}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {121}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {5}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {1091-6490}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2301531121}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no- analogue tra­jectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems on Earth upon which the world collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions of the Earth system irrespective of national boundaries. We propose a new framework—the planetary commons—which differs from the global commons frame­work by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive stewardship obligations through Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Rinne2024, author = {Rinne, Theresa Charlotte}, title = {The effects of nutrients on bone stem cell function and regeneration}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {V, 134}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Aging is associated with bone loss, which can lead to osteoporosis and high fracture risk. This coincides with the enhanced formation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), suggesting a negative effect of bone marrow adipocytes on skeletal health. Increased BMAT formation is also observed in pathologies such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis. However, a subset of bone marrow adipocytes forming the constitutive BMAT (cBMAT), arise early in life in the distal skeleton, contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and are thought to provide a physiological function. Regulated BMAT (rBMAT) forms during aging and obesity in proximal regions of the bone and contain a large proportion of saturated fatty acids. Paradoxically, BMAT accumulation is also enhanced during caloric restriction (CR), a life-span extending dietary intervention. This indicates, that different types of BMAT can form in response to opposing nutritional stimuli with potentially different functions. To this end, two types of nutritional interventions, CR and high fat diet (HFD), that are both described to induce BMAT accumulation were carried out. CR markedly increased BMAT formation in the proximal tibia and led to a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, making it similar to the physiological cBMAT. Additionally, proximal and diaphyseal tibia regions displayed higher adiponectin expression. In aged mice, CR was associated with an improved trabecular bone structure. Taken together, these findings demonstrate, that the type of BMAT that forms during CR might provide beneficial effects for local bone stem/progenitor cells and metabolic health. The HFD intervention performed in this thesis showed no effect on BMAT accumulation and bone microstructure. RNA Seq analysis revealed alterations in the composition of the collagen-containing extracellular matrix (ECM). In order to investigate the effects of glucose homeostasis on osteogenesis, differentiation capacity of immortalized multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and osteochondrogenic progenitor cells (OPCs) was analyzed. Insulin improved differentiation in both cell types, however, combination of with a high glucose concentration led to an impaired mineralization of the ECM. In the MSCs, this was accompanied by the formation of adipocytes, indicating negative effects of the adipocytes formed during hyperglycemic conditions on mineralization processes. However, the altered mineralization pattern and structure of the ECM was also observed in OPCs, which did not form any adipocytes, suggesting further negative effects of a hyperglycemic environment on osteogenic differentiation. In summary, the work provided in this thesis demonstrated that differentiation commitment of bone-resident stem cells can be altered through nutrient availability, specifically glucose. Surprisingly, both high nutrient supply, e.g. the hyperglycemic cell culture conditions, and low nutrient supply, e.g. CR, can induce adipogenic differentiation. However, while CR-induced adipocyte formation was associated with improved trabecular bone structure, adipocyte formation in a hyperglycemic cell-culture environment hampered mineralization. This thesis provides further evidence for the existence of different types of BMAT with specific functions.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Richly2024, author = {Richly, Keven}, title = {Memory-efficient data management for spatio-temporal applications}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63547}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-635473}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xii, 181}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The wide distribution of location-acquisition technologies means that large volumes of spatio-temporal data are continuously being accumulated. Positioning systems such as GPS enable the tracking of various moving objects' trajectories, which are usually represented by a chronologically ordered sequence of observed locations. The analysis of movement patterns based on detailed positional information creates opportunities for applications that can improve business decisions and processes in a broad spectrum of industries (e.g., transportation, traffic control, or medicine). Due to the large data volumes generated in these applications, the cost-efficient storage of spatio-temporal data is desirable, especially when in-memory database systems are used to achieve interactive performance requirements. To efficiently utilize the available DRAM capacities, modern database systems support various tuning possibilities to reduce the memory footprint (e.g., data compression) or increase performance (e.g., additional indexes structures). By considering horizontal data partitioning, we can independently apply different tuning options on a fine-grained level. However, the selection of cost and performance-balancing configurations is challenging, due to the vast number of possible setups consisting of mutually dependent individual decisions. In this thesis, we introduce multiple approaches to improve spatio-temporal data management by automatically optimizing diverse tuning options for the application-specific access patterns and data characteristics. Our contributions are as follows: (1) We introduce a novel approach to determine fine-grained table configurations for spatio-temporal workloads. Our linear programming (LP) approach jointly optimizes the (i) data compression, (ii) ordering, (iii) indexing, and (iv) tiering. We propose different models which address cost dependencies at different levels of accuracy to compute optimized tuning configurations for a given workload, memory budgets, and data characteristics. To yield maintainable and robust configurations, we further extend our LP-based approach to incorporate reconfiguration costs as well as optimizations for multiple potential workload scenarios. (2) To optimize the storage layout of timestamps in columnar databases, we present a heuristic approach for the workload-driven combined selection of a data layout and compression scheme. By considering attribute decomposition strategies, we are able to apply application-specific optimizations that reduce the memory footprint and improve performance. (3) We introduce an approach that leverages past trajectory data to improve the dispatch processes of transportation network companies. Based on location probabilities, we developed risk-averse dispatch strategies that reduce critical delays. (4) Finally, we used the use case of a transportation network company to evaluate our database optimizations on a real-world dataset. We demonstrate that workload-driven fine-grained optimizations allow us to reduce the memory footprint (up to 71\% by equal performance) or increase the performance (up to 90\% by equal memory size) compared to established rule-based heuristics. Individually, our contributions provide novel approaches to the current challenges in spatio-temporal data mining and database research. Combining them allows in-memory databases to store and process spatio-temporal data more cost-efficiently.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Reuss2024, author = {Reuß, Maximilian}, title = {Laborexperimente, {\"U}berwachung und Simulation einer reaktiven Wand zur Abreinigung von eisen- und sulfathaltigen Bergbauw{\"a}ssern bei sauren und neutralen pH-Bedingungen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64856}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-648564}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XIV, 126, LXI}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In dieser Arbeit wurde eine reaktive Wand in einem kleinskaligen Laborma\ss stab (L{\"a}nge~=~40\,cm) entwickelt, die Eisen- und Sulfatbelastungen aus sauren Minenabw{\"a}ssern (engl. \textit{acid mine drainage} (AMD)) mit einer Effizienz von bis zu 30.2 bzw. 24.2\,\\% {\"u}ber einen Zeitraum von 146~Tagen (50\,pv) abreinigen k{\"o}nnen sollte. Als reaktives Material wurde eine Mischung aus Gartenkompost, Buchenholz, Kokosnussschale und Calciumcarbonat verwendet. Die Zugabebedingungen waren eine Eisenkonzentration von 1000\,mg/L, eine Sulfatkonzentration von 3000\,mg/L und ein pH-Wert von 6.2. Unterschiede in der Materialzusammensetzung ergaben keine gr{\"o}\ss eren {\"A}nderungen in der Sanierungseffizienz von Eisen- und Sulfatbelastungen (12.0 -- 15.4\,\\% bzw. 7.0 -- 10.1\,\\%) {\"u}ber einen Untersuchungszeitraum von 108~Tagen (41 -- 57\,pv). Der wichtigste Einflussfaktor auf die Abreinigungsleistung von Sulfat- und Eisenbelastungen war die Verweilzeit der AMD-L{\"o}sung im reaktiven Material. Diese kann durch eine Verringerung des Durchflusses oder eine Erh{\"o}hung der L{\"a}nge der reaktiven Wand (engl. \textit{Permeable Reactive Barrier} (PRB)) erh{\"o}ht werden. Ein halbierter Durchfluss erh{\"o}hte die Sanierungseffizienzen von Eisen und Sulfat auf 23.4 bzw. 32.7\,\\%. Weiterhin stieg die Sanierungseffizienz der Eisenbelastungen auf 24.2\,\\% bei einer Erh{\"o}hung der Sulfatzugabekonzentration auf 6000\,mg/L. Saure Startbedingungen (pH~=~2.2) konnten, durch das Calciumcarbonat im reaktiven Material, {\"u}ber einen Zeitraum von 47~Tagen (24\,pv) neutralisiert werden. Durch die Neutralisierung der sauren Startbedingungen wurde Calciumcarbonat in der \gls{prb} verbraucht und Calcium-Ionen freigesetzt, die die Sulfatsanierungseffizienz erh{\"o}ht haben (24.9\,\\%). Aufgrund einer Vergr{\"o}\ss erung der \gls{prb} in Breite und Tiefe und einer 2D-Parameterbestimmung konnten Randl{\"a}ufigkeiten beobachtet werden, ohne deren Einfluss sich die Sanierungseffizienz f{\"u}r Eisen- und Sulfatbelastungen erh{\"o}ht (30.2 bzw. 24.2\,\\%). \par Zur \textit{in-situ} {\"U}berwachung der \gls{prb} wurden optische Sensoren verwendet, um den pH-Wert, die Sauerstoffkonzentration und die Temperatur zu ermitteln. Es wurden, nach dem Ort und der Zeit aufgel{\"o}st, stabile Sauerstoffkonzentrationen und pH-Verl{\"a}ufe detektiert. Auch die Temperatur konnte nach dem Ort aufgel{\"o}st ermittelt werden. Damit zeigte diese Arbeit, dass optische Sensoren zur {\"U}berwachung der Stabilit{\"a}t einer \gls{prb} f{\"u}r die Reinigung von \gls{amd} verwendet werden k{\"o}nnen. \par Mit dem Simulationsprogramm MIN3P wurde eine Simulation erstellt, die die entwickelte PRB darstellt. Die Simulation kann die erhaltenen Laborergebnisse gut wiedergeben. Anschlie\ss end wurde eine simulierte \gls{prb} bei unterschiedlichen Filtergeschwindigkeiten ((4.0 -- 23.5)~\$\cdot~\mathrm{10^{-7}}\$\,m/s) und L{\"a}ngen der PRB (25 -- 400\,cm) untersucht. Es wurden Zusammenh{\"a}nge der untersuchten Parameter mit der Sanierungseffizienz von Eisen- und Sulfatbelastungen ermittelt. Diese Zusammenh{\"a}nge k{\"o}nnen verwendet werden, um die ben{\"o}tigte Verweilzeit der AMD-L{\"o}sung in einem zuk{\"u}nftigen PRB-System, die f{\"u}r die maximal m{\"o}gliche Sanierungsleistung notwendig ist, zu berechnen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Reme2024, author = {Rem{\´e}, Johann}, title = {Schutzloser Fussball-Ultra}, publisher = {examio GmbH}, address = {Siegen}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{Reimann2024, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Reimann, Hans}, title = {Towards robust inference for Bayesian filtering of linear Gaussian dynamical systems subject to additive change}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64946}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-649469}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {ix, 156}, year = {2024}, abstract = {State space models enjoy wide popularity in mathematical and statistical modelling across disciplines and research fields. Frequent solutions to problems of estimation and forecasting of a latent signal such as the celebrated Kalman filter hereby rely on a set of strong assumptions such as linearity of system dynamics and Gaussianity of noise terms. We investigate fallacy in mis-specification of the noise terms, that is signal noise and observation noise, regarding heavy tailedness in that the true dynamic frequently produces observation outliers or abrupt jumps of the signal state due to realizations of these heavy tails not considered by the model. We propose a formalisation of observation noise mis-specification in terms of Huber's ε-contamination as well as a computationally cheap solution via generalised Bayesian posteriors with a diffusion Stein divergence loss resulting in the diffusion score matching Kalman filter - a modified algorithm akin in complexity to the regular Kalman filter. For this new filter interpretations of novel terms, stability and an ensemble variant are discussed. Regarding signal noise mis-specification, we propose a formalisation in the frame work of change point detection and join ideas from the popular CUSUM algo- rithm with ideas from Bayesian online change point detection to combine frequent reliability constraints and online inference resulting in a Gaussian mixture model variant of multiple Kalman filters. We hereby exploit open-end sequential probability ratio tests on the evidence of Kalman filters on observation sub-sequences for aggregated inference under notions of plausibility. Both proposed methods are combined to investigate the double mis-specification problem and discussed regarding their capabilities in reliable and well-tuned uncertainty quantification. Each section provides an introduction to required terminology and tools as well as simulation experiments on the popular target tracking task and the non-linear, chaotic Lorenz-63 system to showcase practical performance of theoretical considerations.}, language = {en} } @article{Reichard2024, author = {Reichard, Christoph}, title = {Der kommunale Produkthaushalt - Zwischenbilanz nach 20 Jahren}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64785}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647856}, pages = {73 -- 78}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Rehtmeyer2024, author = {Rehtmeyer, Marcus}, title = {Die Staatskirchenvertr{\"a}ge Preußens 1929 und 1931}, series = {Rechtsgeschichtliche Forschungen}, volume = {4}, journal = {Rechtsgeschichtliche Forschungen}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-7560-1369-2}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {734}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die umfangreiche rechtswissenschaftliche Studie befasst sich mit den preußischen Staatskirchenvertr{\"a}gen aus der Zeit der Weimarer Republik. Diese Vertr{\"a}ge waren H{\"o}hepunkte einer Entwicklung in Richtung gr{\"o}ßerer Freiheit und Unabh{\"a}ngigkeit der Kirchen vom Staat, die den Vorg{\"a}ngen im Reich und in anderen deutschen L{\"a}ndern teils entsprach, teils zuwiderlief. Die Entwicklung folgte keiner unverr{\"u}ckbaren Idealvorstellung {\"u}ber das Verh{\"a}ltnis von Staat und Kirche, sondern stellte sich stets als pragmatische Reaktion auf realpolitische Probleme dar. Die Staatskirchenvertr{\"a}ge selbst pr{\"a}gten die weiteren Entwicklungen in Ost und West bis zur Gegenwart.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Rauschenbach2024, author = {Rauschenbach, Sina}, title = {Presentism and the denial of coevalness}, series = {Von Neuem: Tradition und Novation in der Vormoderne}, volume = {GRM-Beiheft 113}, booktitle = {Von Neuem: Tradition und Novation in der Vormoderne}, editor = {Huss, Bernhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Winter GmbH}, address = {Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-8253-8663-4}, doi = {10.33675/2024-82538663}, pages = {195 -- 211}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In Time and the Other Johannes Fabian analysed how modern conceptions of time were "not only secularized and naturalized but also thoroughly spatialized." According to Fabian, this was particularly visible in modern anthropology which "promoted a scheme in terms of which not only past cultures but all living societies were irrevocably placed on a temporal slope, a stream of Time - some upstream, others downstream."3 Anthropologists attributed otherness to a distant past which was traditionally associated with cultural retardation, i.e. a lower degree of development, progress, and civilization. Cultural difference was expressed in terms of temporal distance while temporal distance was attributed to spatial remoteness. The result was a phenomenon that Fabian coined "the denial of coevalness" which pointed towards "a persistent and systematic tendency to place the referent(s) of anthropology in a Time other than the present of the producer of anthropological discourse.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Rasche2024, author = {Rasche, Daniel}, title = {Cosmic-ray neutron sensing for the estimation of soil moisture}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63646}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636465}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xvi, 194}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Water stored in the unsaturated soil as soil moisture is a key component of the hydrological cycle influencing numerous hydrological processes including hydrometeorological extremes. Soil moisture influences flood generation processes and during droughts when precipitation is absent, it provides plant with transpirable water, thereby sustaining plant growth and survival in agriculture and natural ecosystems. Soil moisture stored in deeper soil layers e.g. below 100 cm is of particular importance for providing plant transpirable water during dry periods. Not being directly connected to the atmosphere and located outside soil layers with the highest root densities, water in these layers is less susceptible to be rapidly evaporated and transpired. Instead, it provides longer-term soil water storage increasing the drought tolerance of plants and ecosystems. Given the importance of soil moisture in the context of hydro-meteorological extremes in a warming climate, its monitoring is part of official national adaption strategies to a changing climate. Yet, soil moisture is highly variable in time and space which challenges its monitoring on spatio-temporal scales relevant for flood and drought risk modelling and forecasting. Introduced over a decade ago, Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensing (CRNS) is a noninvasive geophysical method that allows for the estimation of soil moisture at relevant spatio-temporal scales of several hectares at a high, subdaily temporal resolution. CRNS relies on the detection of secondary neutrons above the soil surface which are produced from high-energy cosmic-ray particles in the atmosphere and the ground. Neutrons in a specific epithermal energy range are sensitive to the amount of hydrogen present in the surroundings of the CRNS neutron detector. Due to same mass as the hydrogen nucleus, neutrons lose kinetic energy upon collision and are subsequently absorbed when reaching low, thermal energies. A higher amount of hydrogen therefore leads to fewer neutrons being detected per unit time. Assuming that the largest amount of hydrogen is stored in most terrestrial ecosystems as soil moisture, changes of soil moisture can be estimated through an inverse relationship with observed neutron intensities. Although important scientific advancements have been made to improve the methodological framework of CRNS, several open challenges remain, of which some are addressed in the scope of this thesis. These include the influence of atmospheric variables such as air pressure and absolute air humidity, as well as, the impact of variations in incoming primary cosmic-ray intensity on observed epithermal and thermal neutron signals and their correction. Recently introduced advanced neutron-to-soil moisture transfer functions are expected to improve CRNS-derived soil moisture estimates, but potential improvements need to be investigated at study sites with differing environmental conditions. Sites with strongly heterogeneous, patchy soil moisture distributions challenge existing transfer functions and further research is required to assess the impact of, and correction of derived soil moisture estimates under heterogeneous site conditions. Despite its capability of measuring representative averages of soil moisture at the field scale, CRNS lacks an integration depth below the first few decimetres of the soil. Given the importance of soil moisture also in deeper soil layers, increasing the observational window of CRNS through modelling approaches or in situ measurements is of high importance for hydrological monitoring applications. By addressing these challenges, this thesis aids to closing knowledge gaps and finding answers to some of the open questions in CRNS research. Influences of different environmental variables are quantified, correction approaches are being tested and developed. Neutron-to-soil moisture transfer functions are evaluated and approaches to reduce effects of heterogeneous soil moisture distributions are presented. Lastly, soil moisture estimates from larger soil depths are derived from CRNS through modified, simple modelling approaches and in situ estimates by using CRNS as a downhole technique. Thereby, this thesis does not only illustrate the potential of new, yet undiscovered applications of CRNS in future but also opens a new field of CRNS research. Consequently, this thesis advances the methodological framework of CRNS for above-ground and downhole applications. Although the necessity of further research in order to fully exploit the potential of CRNS needs to be emphasised, this thesis contributes to current hydrological research and not least to advancing hydrological monitoring approaches being of utmost importance in context of intensifying hydro-meteorological extremes in a changing climate.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Rabe2024, author = {Rabe, Maximilian Michael}, title = {Modeling the interaction of sentence processing and eye-movement control in reading}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62279}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-622792}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xiii, 171}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The evaluation of process-oriented cognitive theories through time-ordered observations is crucial for the advancement of cognitive science. The findings presented herein integrate insights from research on eye-movement control and sentence comprehension during reading, addressing challenges in modeling time-ordered data, statistical inference, and interindividual variability. Using kernel density estimation and a pseudo-marginal likelihood for fixation durations and locations, a likelihood implementation of the SWIFT model of eye-movement control during reading (Engbert et al., Psychological Review, 112, 2005, pp. 777-813) is proposed. Within the broader framework of data assimilation, Bayesian parameter inference with adaptive Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques is facilitated for reliable model fitting. Across the different studies, this framework has shown to enable reliable parameter recovery from simulated data and prediction of experimental summary statistics. Despite its complexity, SWIFT can be fitted within a principled Bayesian workflow, capturing interindividual differences and modeling experimental effects on reading across different geometrical alterations of text. Based on these advancements, the integrated dynamical model SEAM is proposed, which combines eye-movement control, a traditionally psychological research area, and post-lexical language processing in the form of cue-based memory retrieval (Lewis \& Vasishth, Cognitive Science, 29, 2005, pp. 375-419), typically the purview of psycholinguistics. This proof-of-concept integration marks a significant step forward in natural language comprehension during reading and suggests that the presented methodology can be useful to develop complex cognitive dynamical models that integrate processes at levels of perception, higher cognition, and (oculo-)motor control. These findings collectively advance process-oriented cognitive modeling and highlight the importance of Bayesian inference, individual differences, and interdisciplinary integration for a holistic understanding of reading processes. Implications for theory and methodology, including proposals for model comparison and hierarchical parameter inference, are briefly discussed.}, language = {en} } @book{PuergstallerNeuber2024, author = {P{\"u}rgstaller, Esther and Neuber, Nils}, title = {T{\"a}nzerischer Kreativit{\"a}tstest f{\"u}r 8- bis 12-J{\"a}hrige}, editor = {P{\"u}rgstaller, Esther and Neuber, Nils}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62704}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-627040}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {83}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der t{\"a}nzerische Kreativit{\"a}tstest stellt ein valides Instrumentarium dar, welches auf tanzspezifischen Aufgaben basiert und f{\"u}r die differenzierte und standardisierte Erfassung der t{\"a}nzerischen Kreativit{\"a}t bei Kindern im Alter von 8 bis 12 Jahren konzipiert ist. Mit dem t{\"a}nzerischen Kreativit{\"a}tstest k{\"o}nnen nicht nur Fragestellungen zum Stand sowie zur Entwicklung t{\"a}nzerisch-kreativer F{\"a}higkeiten im Kindesalter bearbeitet werden, sondern er liefert auch wertvolle Informationen f{\"u}r die Optimierung von Trainings-, F{\"o}rder- und Vermittlungsmaßnahmen. Erfasst werden folgende t{\"a}nzerisch-kreativen F{\"a}higkeiten: 1) Vielfalt und Originalit{\"a}t in der Fortbewegung und in K{\"o}rperpositionen sowie 2) Ideenreichtum, Vielfalt und Originalit{\"a}t in der Gestaltung von Bewegungspatterns und -kompositionen. Dieser Test l{\"a}sst sich mit gr{\"o}ßeren Gruppen und minimalem materiellen Aufwand durchf{\"u}hren, ist zeitlich unbeschr{\"a}nkt und erm{\"o}glicht es, unterschiedliche Leistungsniveaus zu identifizieren. Der t{\"a}nzerische Kreativit{\"a}tstest bietet Forschenden und Lehrkr{\"a}ften eine wertvolle M{\"o}glichkeit, die t{\"a}nzerisch-kreativen F{\"a}higkeiten von Kindern zu analysieren und zu f{\"o}rdern.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Poerschke2024, author = {P{\"o}rschke, Alexander}, title = {Koalitionsbildung und Gesetzgebung im Semi-Parlamentarismus}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63449}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-634498}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xvi, 265}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der Semi-Parlamentarismus beschreibt das Regierungssystem, in dem die Regierung von einem Teil des Parlaments gew{\"a}hlt wird und abberufen werden kann, von einem anderen Teil des Parlaments aber unabh{\"a}ngig ist. Beide Kammern m{\"u}ssen dabei der Gesetzgebung zustimmen. Dieses von Steffen Ganghof klassifizierte System erg{\"a}nzt g{\"a}ngige Regierungssystemtypologien, wie sie beispielsweise von David Samuels und Matthew Shugart genutzt werden. Der Semi-Parlamentarismus ist der logische Gegenpart zum Semi-Pr{\"a}sidentialismus, bei dem nur ein Teil der Exekutive von der Legislative abh{\"a}ngt, w{\"a}hrend im Semi-Parlamentarismus die Exekutive von nur einem Teil der Legislative abh{\"a}ngt. Der Semi-Parlamentarismus verk{\"o}rpert so ein System der Gewaltenteilung ohne einen exekutiven Personalismus, wie er durch die Direktwahl und Unabh{\"a}ngigkeit der Regierungchef:in im Pr{\"a}sidentialismus hervorgerufen wird. Dadurch ist der Semi-Parlamentarismus geeignet, Unterschiede zwischen Parlamentarismus und Pr{\"a}sidentialismus auf den separaten Einfluss der Gewaltenteilung und des exekutiven Personalismus zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren. Die Untersuchung des Semi-Parlamentarismus ist daher f{\"u}r die Regierungssystemliteratur insgesamt von Bedeutung. Der Semi-Parlamentarismus ist dabei kein rein theoretisches Konstrukt, sondern existiert im australischen Bundesstaat, den australischen Substaaten und Japan. Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht erstmals umfassend die Gesetzgebung der semi-parlamentarischen Staaten als solchen. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf den zweiten Kammern, da diese durch die Unabh{\"a}ngigkeit von der Regierung der eigentliche Ort der Gesetzgebung sind. Die Gesetzgebung in Parlamentarismus und Pr{\"a}sidentialismus unterscheidet sich insbesondere in der Geschlossenheit der Parteien, der Koalitionsbildung und dem legislativen Erfolg der Regierungen. Diese Punkte sind daher auch von besonderem Interesse bei der Analyse des Semi-Parlamentarismus. Die semi-parlamentarischen Staaten unterscheiden sich auch untereinander teilweise erheblich in der institutionellen Ausgestaltung wie den Wahlsystemen oder den verf{\"u}gbaren Mitteln zur {\"U}berwindung von Blockadesituationen. Die Darstellung und die Analyse der Auswirkungen dieser Unterschiede auf die Gesetzgebung ist neben dem Vergleich des Semi-Parlamentarismus mit anderen Systemen das zweite wesentliche Ziel dieser Arbeit. Als Fundament der Analyse habe ich einen umfangreichen Datensatz erhoben, der alle Legislaturperioden der australischen Staaten zwischen 1997 und 2019 umfasst. Wesentliche Bestandteile des Datensatzes sind alle namentlichen Abstimmungen beider Kammern, alle eingebrachten und verabschiedeten Gesetzen der Regierung sowie die mit Hilfe eines Expert-Surveys erhobenen Parteipositionen in den relevanten Politikfeldern auf substaatlicher Ebene. Haupts{\"a}chlich mit der Hilfe von Mixed-Effects- und Fractional-Response-Analysen kann ich so zeigen, dass der Semi-Parlamentarismus in vielen Aspekten eher parlamentarischen als pr{\"a}sidentiellen Systemen gleicht. Nur die Koalitionsbildung erfolgt deutlich flexibler und unterscheidet sich daher von der typischen parlamentarischen Koalitionsbildung. Die Analysen legen nahe, dass wesentliche Unterschiede zwischen Parlamentarismus und Pr{\"a}sidentialismus eher auf den exekutiven Personalismus als auf die Gewaltenteilung zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren sind. Zwischen den semi-parlamentarischen Staaten scheinen vor allem die Kontrolle des Medians beider Parlamentskammern durch die Regierung und die M{\"o}glichkeit der Regierung, die zweite Kammer mitaufzul{\"o}sen, zu entscheidenden Unterschieden in der Gesetzgebung zu f{\"u}hren. Die Kontrolle des Medians erm{\"o}glicht eine flexible Koalitionsbildung und f{\"u}hrt zu h{\"o}heren legislativen Erfolgsraten. Ebenso f{\"u}hrt eine m{\"o}glichst leichte Aufl{\"o}sungsm{\"o}glichkeit der zweiten Kammern zu h{\"o}heren legislativen Erfolgsraten. Die Parteigeschlossenheit ist unabh{\"a}ngig von diesen Aspekten in beiden Kammern der semi-parlamentarischen Parlamente sehr hoch.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Pregla2024, author = {Pregla, Andreas}, title = {Word order variability in OV languages}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64363}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-643636}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xv, 265}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This thesis explores word order variability in verb-final languages. Verb-final languages have a reputation for a high amount of word order variability. However, that reputation amounts to an urban myth due to a lack of systematic investigation. This thesis provides such a systematic investigation by presenting original data from several verb-final languages with a focus on four Uralic ones: Estonian, Udmurt, Meadow Mari, and South S{\´a}mi. As with every urban myth, there is a kernel of truth in that many unrelated verb-final languages share a particular kind of word order variability, A-scrambling, in which the fronted elements do not receive a special information-structural role, such as topic or contrastive focus. That word order variability goes hand in hand with placing focussed phrases further to the right in the position directly in front of the verb. Variations on this pattern are exemplified by Uyghur, Standard Dargwa, Eastern Armenian, and three of the Uralic languages, Estonian, Udmurt, and Meadow Mari. So far for the kernel of truth, but the fourth Uralic language, South S{\´a}mi, is comparably rigid and does not feature this particular kind of word order variability. Further such comparably rigid, non-scrambling verb-final languages are Dutch, Afrikaans, Amharic, and Korean. In contrast to scrambling languages, non-scrambling languages feature obligatory subject movement, causing word order rigidity next to other typical EPP effects. The EPP is a defining feature of South S{\´a}mi clause structure in general. South S{\´a}mi exhibits a one-of-a-kind alternation between SOV and SAuxOV order that is captured by the assumption of the EPP and obligatory movement of auxiliaries but not lexical verbs. Other languages that allow for SAuxOV order either lack an alternation because the auxiliary is obligatorily present (Macro-Sudan SAuxOVX languages), or feature an alternation between SVO and SAuxOV (Kru languages; V2 with underlying OV as a fringe case). In the SVO-SAuxOV languages, both auxiliaries and lexical verbs move. Hence, South S{\´a}mi shows that the textbook difference between the VO languages English and French, whether verb movement is restricted to auxiliaries, also extends to OV languages. SAuxOV languages are an outlier among OV languages in general but are united by the presence of the EPP. Word order variability is not restricted to the preverbal field in verb-final languages, as most of them feature postverbal elements (PVE). PVE challenge the notion of verb-finality in a language. Strictly verb-final languages without any clause-internal PVE are rare. This thesis charts the first structural and descriptive typology of PVE. Verb-final languages vary in the categories they allow as PVE. Allowing for non-oblique PVE is a pivotal threshold: when non-oblique PVE are allowed, PVE can be used for information-structural effects. Many areally and genetically unrelated languages only allow for given PVE but differ in whether the PVE are contrastive. In those languages, verb-finality is not at stake since verb-medial orders are marked. In contrast, the Uralic languages Estonian and Udmurt allow for any PVE, including information focus. Verb-medial orders can be used in the same contexts as verb-final orders without semantic and pragmatic differences. As such, verb placement is subject to actual free variation. The underlying verb-finality of Estonian and Udmurt can only be inferred from a range of diagnostics indicating optional verb movement in both languages. In general, it is not possible to account for PVE with a uniform analysis: rightwards merge, leftward verb movement, and rightwards phrasal movement are required to capture the cross- and intralinguistic variation. Knowing that a language is verb-final does not allow one to draw conclusions about word order variability in that language. There are patterns of homogeneity, such as the word order variability driven by directly preverbal focus and the givenness of postverbal elements, but those are not brought about by verb-finality alone. Preverbal word order variability is restricted by the more abstract property of obligatory subject movement, whereas the determinant of postverbal word order variability has to be determined in the future.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Pfalz2024, author = {Pfalz, Gregor}, title = {Advancing knowledge of Arctic lake system dynamics: A data-driven perspective on spatiotemporal patterns}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63655}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636554}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xiii, 136}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ecosystems play a pivotal role in addressing climate change but are also highly susceptible to drastic environmental changes. Investigating their historical dynamics can enhance our understanding of how they might respond to unprecedented future environmental shifts. With Arctic lakes currently under substantial pressure from climate change, lessons from the past can guide our understanding of potential disruptions to these lakes. However, individual lake systems are multifaceted and complex. Traditional isolated lake studies often fail to provide a global perspective because localized nuances—like individual lake parameters, catchment areas, and lake histories—can overshadow broader conclusions. In light of these complexities, a more nuanced approach is essential to analyze lake systems in a global context. A key to addressing this challenge lies in the data-driven analysis of sedimentological records from various northern lake systems. This dissertation emphasizes lake systems in the northern Eurasian region, particularly in Russia (n=59). For this doctoral thesis, we collected sedimentological data from various sources, which required a standardized framework for further analysis. Therefore, we designed a conceptual model for integrating and standardizing heterogeneous multi-proxy data into a relational database management system (PostgreSQL). Creating a database from the collected data enabled comparative numerical analyses between spatially separated lakes as well as between different proxies. When analyzing numerous lakes, establishing a common frame of reference was crucial. We achieved this by converting proxy values from depth dependency to age dependency. This required consistent age calculations across all lakes and proxies using one age-depth modeling software. Recognizing the broader implications and potential pitfalls of this, we developed the LANDO approach ("Linked Age and Depth Modelling"). LANDO is an innovative integration of multiple age-depth modeling software into a singular, cohesive platform (Jupyter Notebook). Beyond its ability to aggregate data from five renowned age-depth modeling software, LANDO uniquely empowers users to filter out implausible model outcomes using robust geoscientific data. Our method is not only novel but also significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of lake analyses. Considering the preceding steps, this doctoral thesis further examines the relationship between carbon in sediments and temperature over the last 21,000 years. Initially, we hypothesized a positive correlation between carbon accumulation in lakes and modelled paleotemperature. Our homogenized dataset from heterogeneous lakes confirmed this association, even if the highest temperatures throughout our observation period do not correlate with the highest carbon values. We assume that rapid warming events contribute more to high accumulation, while sustained warming leads to carbon outgassing. Considering the current high concentration of carbon in the atmosphere and rising temperatures, ongoing climate change could cause northern lake systems to contribute to a further increase in atmospheric carbon (positive feedback loop). While our findings underscore the reliability of both our standardized data and the LANDO method, expanding our dataset might offer even greater assurance in our conclusions.}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen2024, author = {Petersen, Jens}, title = {Kants Recht der Freiheit}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {9783111070063}, pages = {XIX, 245}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Das vorliegende Buch ber{\"u}cksichtigt neben den drei Kritiken und der sp{\"a}ten Rechtslehre Kants Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten, seine Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht, den Weltb{\"u}rgeressay, den Streit der Fakult{\"a}ten, die Friedensschrift und die Abhandlung {\"u}ber den Gemeinspruch, aus der die Formulierung ‚Recht der Freiheit' stammt. Erstes Kant-Buch zu seiner eigenen Wortsch{\"o}pfung "Recht der Freiheit". Er{\"o}rtert Kants "Rechtslehre und Gerichtsbarkeit" in der Kritik der reinen Vernunft}, language = {de} } @incollection{PerlwitzSpangenbergerStemmann2024, author = {Perlwitz, Phoebe and Spangenberger, Pia and Stemmann, Jennifer}, title = {Serious games}, series = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, booktitle = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, editor = {Zinn, Bernd}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-515-13544-3}, pages = {235 -- 252}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Peitz2024, author = {Peitz, Diana}, title = {Mindful Eating}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63451}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-634515}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XII, 178}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Maladaptive eating behaviors such as emotional eating, external eating, and loss-of-control eating are widespread in the general population. Moreover, they are associated to adverse health outcomes and well-known for their role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders and obesity (i.e., eating and weight disorders). Eating and weight disorders are associated with crucial burden for individuals as well as high costs for society in general. At the same time, corresponding treatments yield poor outcomes. Thus, innovative concepts are needed to improve prevention and treatment of these conditions. The Buddhist concept of mindfulness (i.e., paying attention to the present moment without judgement) and its delivery via mindfulness-based intervention programs (MBPs) has gained wide popularity in the area of maladaptive eating behaviors and associated eating and weight disorders over the last two decades. Though previous findings on their effects seem promising, the current assessment of mindfulness and its mere application via multi-component MBPs hampers to draw conclusions on the extent to which mindfulness-immanent qualities actually account for the effects (e.g., the modification of maladaptive eating behaviors). However, this knowledge is pivotal for interpreting previous effects correctly and for avoiding to cause harm in particularly vulnerable groups such as those with eating and weight disorders. To address these shortcomings, recent research has focused on the context-specific approach of mindful eating (ME) to investigate underlying mechanisms of action. ME can be considered a subdomain of generic mindfulness describing it specifically in relation to the process of eating and associated feelings, thoughts, and motives, thus including a variety of different attitudes and behaviors. However, there is no universal operationalization and the current assessment of ME suffers from different limitations. Specifically, current measurement instruments are not suited for a comprehensive assessment of the multiple facets of the construct that are currently discussed as important in the literature. This in turn hampers comparisons of different ME facets which would allow to evaluate their particular effect on maladaptive eating behaviors. This knowledge is needed to tailor prevention and treatment of associated eating and weight disorders properly and to explore potential underlying mechanisms of action which have so far been proposed mainly on theoretical grounds. The dissertation at hand aims to provide evidence-based fundamental research that contributes to our understanding of how mindfulness, more specifically its context-specific form of ME, impacts maladaptive eating behaviors and, consequently, how it could be used appropriately to enrich the current prevention and treatment approaches for eating and weight disorders in the future. Specifically, in this thesis, three scientific manuscripts applying several qualitative and quantitative techniques in four sequential studies are presented. These manuscripts were published in or submitted to three scientific peer-reviewed journals to shed light on the following questions: I. How can ME be measured comprehensively and in a reliable and valid way to advance the understanding of how mindfulness works in the context of eating? II. Does the context-specific construct of ME have an advantage over the generic concept in advancing the understanding of how mindfulness is related to maladaptive eating behaviors? III. Which ME facets are particularly useful in explaining maladaptive eating behaviors? IV. Does training a particular ME facet result in changes in maladaptive eating behaviors? To answer the first research question (Paper 1), a multi-method approach using three subsequent studies was applied to develop and validate a comprehensive self-report instrument to assess the multidimensional construct of ME - the Mindful Eating Inventory (MEI). Study 1 aimed to create an initial version of the MEI by following a three-step approach: First, a comprehensive item pool was compiled by including selected and adapted items of the existing ME questionnaires and supplementing them with items derived from an extensive literature review. Second, the preliminary item pool was complemented and checked for content validity by experts in the field of eating behavior and/or mindfulness (N = 15). Third, the item pool was further refined through qualitative methods: Three focus groups comprising laypersons (N = 16) were used as a check for applicability. Subsequently, think-aloud protocols (N = 10) served as a last check of comprehensibility and elimination of ambiguities. The resulting initial MEI version was tested in Study 2 in an online convenience sample (N = 828) to explore its factor structure using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results were used to shorten the questionnaire in accordance with qualitative and quantitative criteria yielding the final MEI version which encompasses 30 items. These items were assigned to seven ME facets: (1) 'Accepting and Non-attached Attitude towards one's own eating experience' (ANA), (2) 'Awareness of Senses while Eating' (ASE), (3) 'Eating in Response to awareness of Fullness' (ERF), (4) 'Awareness of eating Triggers and Motives' (ATM), (5) 'Interconnectedness' (CON), (6) 'Non-Reactive Stance' (NRS) and (7) Focused Attention on Eating' (FAE). Study 3 sought to confirm the found facets and the corresponding factor structure in an independent online convenience sample (N = 612) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The study served as further indication of the assumed multidimensionality of ME (the correlational seven-factor model was shown to be superior to a single-factor model). Psychometric properties of the MEI, regarding factorial validity, internal consistency, retest-reliability, and observed criterion validity using a wide range of eating-specific and general health-related outcomes, showed the inventory to be suitable for a comprehensive, reliable and valid assessment of ME. These findings were complemented by demonstrating measurement invariance of the MEI regarding gender. In accordance with the factor structure of the MEI, Paper 1 offers an empirically-derived definition of ME, succeeding in overcoming ambiguities and problems of previous attempts at defining the construct. To answer the second and third research questions (Paper 2) a subsample of Study 2 from the MEI validation studies (N = 292) was analyzed. Incremental validity of ME beyond generic mindfulness was shown using hierarchical regression models concerning the outcome variables of maladaptive eating behaviors (emotional eating and uncontrolled eating) and nutrition behaviors (consumption of energy-dense food). Multiple regression analyses were applied to investigate the impact of the seven different ME facets (identified in Paper 1) on the same outcome variables. The following ME facets significantly contributed to explaining variance in maladaptive eating and nutrition behaviors: Accepting and Non-attached Attitude towards one`s own eating experience (ANA), Eating in Response to awareness of Fullness (ERF), the Awareness of eating Triggers and Motives (ATM), and a Non-Reactive Stance (NRS, i.e., an observing, non-impulsive attitude towards eating triggers). Results suggest that these ME facets are promising variables to consider when a) investigating potential underlying mechanisms of mindfulness and MBPs in the context of eating and b) addressing maladaptive eating behaviors in general as well as in the prevention and treatment of eating and weight disorders. To answer the fourth research question (Paper 3), a training on an isolated exercise ('9 Hunger') based on the previously identified ME facet ATM was designed to explore its particular association with changes in maladaptive eating behaviors and thus to preliminary explore one possible mechanism of action. The online study was realized using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. Latent Change Scores (LCS) across three measurement points (before the training, directly after the training and three months later) were compared between the intervention group (n = 211) and a waitlist control group (n = 188). Short- and longer-term effects of the training could be shown on maladaptive eating behaviors (emotional eating, external eating, loss-of-control eating) and associated outcomes (intuitive eating, ME, self-compassion, well-being). Findings serve as preliminary empirical evidence that MBPs might influence maladaptive eating behaviors through an enhanced non-judgmental awareness of and distinguishment between eating motives and triggers (i.e., ATM). This mechanism of action had previously only been hypothesized from a theoretical perspective. Since maladaptive eating behaviors are associated with eating and weight disorders, the findings can enhance our understanding of the general effects of MBPs on these conditions. The integration of the different findings leads to several suggestions of how ME might enrich different kinds of future interventions on maladaptive eating behaviors to improve health in general or the prevention and treatment of eating and weight disorders in particular. Strengths of the thesis (e.g., deliberate specific methodology, variety of designs and methods, high number of participants) are emphasized. The main limitations particularly regarding sample characteristics (e.g., higher level of formal education, fewer males, self-selected) are discussed to arrive at an outline for future studies (e.g., including multi-modal-multi-method approaches, clinical eating disorder samples and youth samples) to improve upcoming research on ME and underlying mechanisms of action of MBPs for maladaptive eating behaviors and associated eating and weight disorders. This thesis enriches current research on mindfulness in the context of eating by providing fundamental research on the core of the ME construct. Thereby it delivers a reliable and valid instrument to comprehensively assess ME in future studies as well as an operational definition of the construct. Findings on ME facet level might inform upcoming research and practice on how to address maladaptive eating behaviors appropriately in interventions. The ME skill 'Awareness of eating Triggers and Motives (ATM)' as one particular mechanism of action should be further investigated in representative community and specific clinical samples to examine the validity of the results in these groups and to justify an application of the concept to the general population as well as to subgroups with eating and weight disorders in particular. In conclusion, findings of the current thesis can be used to set future research on mindfulness, more specifically ME, and its underlying mechanism in the context of eating on a more evidence-based footing. This knowledge can inform upcoming prevention and treatment to tailor MBPs on maladaptive eating behaviors and associated eating and weight disorders appropriately.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PanzerGronau2024, author = {Panzer, Marcel and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {Enhancing economic efficiency in modular production systems through deep reinforcement learning}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {121}, booktitle = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2023.09.229}, pages = {55 -- 60}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In times of increasingly complex production processes and volatile customer demands, the production adaptability is crucial for a company's profitability and competitiveness. The ability to cope with rapidly changing customer requirements and unexpected internal and external events guarantees robust and efficient production processes, requiring a dedicated control concept at the shop floor level. Yet in today's practice, conventional control approaches remain in use, which may not keep up with the dynamic behaviour due to their scenario-specific and rigid properties. To address this challenge, deep learning methods were increasingly deployed due to their optimization and scalability properties. However, these approaches were often tested in specific operational applications and focused on technical performance indicators such as order tardiness or total throughput. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning based production control to optimize combined techno-financial performance measures. Based on pre-defined manufacturing modules that are supplied and operated by multiple agents, positive effects were observed in terms of increased revenue and reduced penalties due to lower throughput times and fewer delayed products. The combined modular and multi-staged approach as well as the distributed decision-making further leverage scalability and transferability to other scenarios.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Panzer2024, author = {Panzer, Marcel}, title = {Design of a hyper-heuristics based control framework for modular production systems}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63300}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-633006}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vi, 334}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Volatile supply and sales markets, coupled with increasing product individualization and complex production processes, present significant challenges for manufacturing companies. These must navigate and adapt to ever-shifting external and internal factors while ensuring robustness against process variabilities and unforeseen events. This has a pronounced impact on production control, which serves as the operational intersection between production planning and the shop- floor resources, and necessitates the capability to manage intricate process interdependencies effectively. Considering the increasing dynamics and product diversification, alongside the need to maintain constant production performances, the implementation of innovative control strategies becomes crucial. In recent years, the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies and machine learning methods has gained prominence in addressing emerging challenges in production applications. Within this context, this cumulative thesis analyzes deep learning based production systems based on five publications. Particular attention is paid to the applications of deep reinforcement learning, aiming to explore its potential in dynamic control contexts. Analysis reveal that deep reinforcement learning excels in various applications, especially in dynamic production control tasks. Its efficacy can be attributed to its interactive learning and real-time operational model. However, despite its evident utility, there are notable structural, organizational, and algorithmic gaps in the prevailing research. A predominant portion of deep reinforcement learning based approaches is limited to specific job shop scenarios and often overlooks the potential synergies in combined resources. Furthermore, it highlights the rare implementation of multi-agent systems and semi-heterarchical systems in practical settings. A notable gap remains in the integration of deep reinforcement learning into a hyper-heuristic. To bridge these research gaps, this thesis introduces a deep reinforcement learning based hyper- heuristic for the control of modular production systems, developed in accordance with the design science research methodology. Implemented within a semi-heterarchical multi-agent framework, this approach achieves a threefold reduction in control and optimisation complexity while ensuring high scalability, adaptability, and robustness of the system. In comparative benchmarks, this control methodology outperforms rule-based heuristics, reducing throughput times and tardiness, and effectively incorporates customer and order-centric metrics. The control artifact facilitates a rapid scenario generation, motivating for further research efforts and bridging the gap to real-world applications. The overarching goal is to foster a synergy between theoretical insights and practical solutions, thereby enriching scientific discourse and addressing current industrial challenges.}, language = {en} } @article{Olhoeft2024, author = {Olhoeft, Netanel}, title = {„Und Nahrung labt das Herz der Menschen" (Ps 104,15)}, series = {Du sollst nicht essen: Warum Menschen auf Nahrung verzichten - interdisziplin{\"a}re Zug{\"a}nge}, journal = {Du sollst nicht essen: Warum Menschen auf Nahrung verzichten - interdisziplin{\"a}re Zug{\"a}nge}, editor = {Kollodzeiski, Ulrike and Hafner, Johann Evangelist}, publisher = {Ergon Verlag}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-98740-007-0}, doi = {10.5771/9783987400087}, pages = {153 -- 156}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Offizier2024, author = {Offizier, Frederike}, title = {The biosecurity individual}, series = {American Culture Studies}, volume = {43}, journal = {American Culture Studies}, publisher = {Transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-7145-2}, issn = {2747-4380}, doi = {10.14361/9783839471456}, pages = {294}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Discoveries in biomedicine and biotechnology, especially in diagnostics, have made prevention and (self)surveillance increasingly important in the context of health practices. Frederike Offizier offers a cultural critique of the intersection between health, security and identity, and explores how the focus on risk and security changes our understanding of health and transforms our relationship to our bodies. Analyzing a wide variety of texts, from life writing to fiction, she offers a critical intervention on how this shift in the medical gaze produces new paradigms of difference and new biomedically facilitated identities: biosecurity individuals.}, language = {en} } @incollection{OehlertKuhlmann2024, author = {Oehlert, Franziska and Kuhlmann, Sabine}, title = {Inter-administrative relations in migrant integration}, series = {New perspectives on intergovernmental relations}, booktitle = {New perspectives on intergovernmental relations}, editor = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Laffin, Martin and Wayenberg, Ellen and Bergstr{\"o}m, Tomas}, publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-031-61789-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-61790-4_5}, pages = {77 -- 101}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Migrant integration is a prime example of intergovernmental coordination and multilevel governance; first because no level of government can carry out this task alone, and second because its cross-cutting nature often leads to fragmented institutional structures that must be overcome. Within the research strand of intergovernmental relations (IGR), the focus has been on executive actors and governmental decision-makers, resulting in an underexposure of the role of public administration, known as inter-administrative relations (IAR). Against this backdrop, we aim to remedy some of the deficits in IGR research by (1) adopting an explicit IAR perspective which systematically addresses the role of local governments; (2) including a comparative dimension in IAR research that accounts for different administrative 'starting conditions' in European countries; and (3) using the policy area of migrant integration as a case in point to empirically investigate developments of institutional convergence and divergence in IAR patterns. It is argued that the coordination of migrant integration in the three countries examined has moved towards more intergovernmental coordination, on the one hand, and that the role of municipalities in this context has been enhanced—varying degrees of (de-)centralization notwithstanding. While certain convergent patterns of inter-governmental coordination have become apparent during the migration crisis, historical path dependencies and administrative cultures still appear to be factors that influence institutional development.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Odanga2024, author = {Odanga, Denish Otieno}, title = {Phobic cosmopolitanism}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vi ; 211}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{NovakovicMarinkovic2024, author = {Novakovic-Marinkovic, Nina}, title = {Optical control of bubble domains and skyrmions in thin films}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64706}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647069}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {ii, 106}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Laser induced switching offers an attractive possibility to manipulate small magnetic domains for prospective memory and logic devices on ultrashort time scales. Moreover, optical control of magnetization without high applied magnetic fields allows manipulation of magnetic domains individually and locally, without expensive heat dissipation. One of the major challenges for developing novel optically controlled magnetic memory and logic devices is reliable formation and annihilation of non-volatile magnetic domains that can serve as memory bits in ambient conditions. Magnetic skyrmions, topologically nontrivial spin textures, have been studied intensively since their discovery due to their stability and scalability in potential spintronic devices. However, skyrmion formation and, especially, annihilation processes are still not completely understood and further investigation on such mechanisms are needed. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to better understanding of the physical processes behind the optical control of magnetism in thin films, with the goal of optimizing material parameters and methods for their potential use in next generation memory and logic devices. First part of the thesis is dedicated to investigation of all-optical helicity-dependent switching (AO-HDS) as a method for magnetization manipulation. AO-HDS in Co/Pt multilayer and CoFeB alloys with and without the presence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), which is a type of exchange interaction, have been investigated by magnetic imaging using photo-emission electron microscopy (PEEM) in combination with X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The results show that in a narrow range of the laser fluence, circularly polarized laser light induces a drag on domain walls. This enables a local deterministic transformation of the magnetic domain pattern from stripes to bubbles in out-of-plane magnetized Co/Pt multilayers, only controlled by the helicity of ultrashort laser pulses. The temperature and characteristic fields at which the stripe-bubble transformation occurs has been calculated using theory for isolated magnetic bubbles, using as parameters experimentally determined average size of stripe domains and the magnetic layer thickness. The second part of the work aims at purely optical formation and annihilation of magnetic skyrmions by a single laser pulse. The presence of a skyrmion phase in the investigated CoFeB alloys was first confirmed using a Kerr microscope. Then the helicity-dependent skyrmion manipulation was studied using AO-HDS at different laser fluences. It was found that formation or annihilation individual skyrmions using AO-HDS is possible, but not always reliable, as fluctuations in the laser fluence or position can easily overwrite the helicity-dependent effect of AO-HDS. However, the experimental results and magnetic simulations showed that the threshold values for the laser fluence for the formation and annihilation of skyrmions are different. A higher fluence is required for skyrmion formation, and existing skyrmions can be annihilated by pulses with a slightly lower fluence. This provides a further option for controlling formation and annihilation of skyrmions using the laser fluence. Micromagnetic simulations provide additional insights into the formation and annihilation mechanism. The ability to manipulate the magnetic state of individual skyrmions is of fundamental importance for magnetic data storage technologies. Our results show for the first time that the optical formation and annihilation of skyrmions is possible without changing the external field. These results enable further investigations to optimise the magnetic layer to maximise the energy gap between the formation and annihilation barrier. As a result, unwanted switching due to small laser fluctuations can be avoided and fully deterministic optical switching can be achieved.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Nastasa2024, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Nastasa, Ruxandra}, title = {Germany and the EU's pursuit of gender equality in peace and security}, series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere}, journal = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere}, number = {16}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2509-6974}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62850}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-628501}, pages = {15}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The Women, Peace and Security Agenda (WPSA) is an international framework addressing the disproportionate impact of armed conflict on women and girls and promoting their meaningful participation in peacebuilding efforts. The Security Council called on Member States to develop National Action Plans (NAPs) to operationalize the four pillars of the Agenda. This study looks at the relevant steps undertaken by both Germany and the European Union. The author calls for improvements on either level and makes four recommendations.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mueller2024, author = {M{\"u}ller, Daniel}, title = {Identification and monitoring of structures, controls, and evolution dynamics of hydrothermal systems and associated alteration through high-resolution remote sensing and in situ analysis}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62668}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-626683}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {205}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Volcanic hydrothermal systems are an integral part of most volcanoes and typically involve a heat source, adequate fluid supply, and fracture or pore systems through which the fluids can circulate within the volcanic edifice. Associated with this are subtle but powerful processes that can significantly influence the evolution of volcanic activity or the stability of the near-surface volcanic system through mechanical weakening, permeability reduction, and sealing of the affected volcanic rock. These processes are well constrained for rock samples by laboratory analyses but are still difficult to extrapolate and evaluate at the scale of an entire volcano. Advances in unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), sensor technology, and photogrammetric processing routines now allow us to image volcanic surfaces at the centimeter scale and thus study volcanic hydrothermal systems in great detail. This thesis aims to explore the potential of UAS approaches for studying the structures, processes, and dynamics of volcanic hydrothermal systems but also to develop methodological approaches to uncover secondary information hidden in the data, capable of indicating spatiotemporal dynamics or potentially critical developments associated with hydrothermal alteration. To accomplish this, the thesis describes the investigation of two near-surface volcanic hydrothermal systems, the El Tatio geyser field in Chile and the fumarole field of La Fossa di Vulcano (Italy), both of which are among the best-studied sites of their kind. Through image analysis, statistical, and spatial analyses we have been able to provide the most detailed structural images of both study sites to date, with new insights into the driving forces of such systems but also revealing new potential controls, which are summarized in conceptual site-specific models. Furthermore, the thesis explores methodological remote sensing approaches to detect, classify and constrain hydrothermal alteration and surface degassing from UAS-derived data, evaluated them by mineralogical and chemical ground-truthing, and compares the alteration pattern with the present-day degassing activity. A significant contribution of the often neglected diffuse degassing activity to the total amount of degassing is revealed and constrains secondary processes and dynamics associated with hydrothermal alteration that lead to potentially critical developments like surface sealing. The results and methods used provide new approaches for alteration research, for the monitoring of degassing and alteration effects, and for thermal monitoring of fumarole fields, with the potential to be incorporated into volcano monitoring routines.}, language = {en} } @misc{Muster2024, author = {Muster, Judith}, title = {Ein Leitbild entwickeln - ohne Scheu vor Heuchelei}, series = {Neues Lernen : Personal.magazin : Inspiration f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Mensch und Organisation}, volume = {37}, journal = {Neues Lernen : Personal.magazin : Inspiration f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Mensch und Organisation}, number = {2}, publisher = {Haufe-Lexware GmbH \& Co. KG}, address = {Freiburg}, issn = {2941-3028}, pages = {33 -- 33}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{Muster2024, author = {Muster, Judith}, title = {Wenn Regeln die Interaktion blockieren}, series = {Neues Lernen : Personal.magazin : Inspiration f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Mensch und Organisation}, volume = {37}, journal = {Neues Lernen : Personal.magazin : Inspiration f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Mensch und Organisation}, number = {1}, publisher = {Haufe-Lexware GmbH \& Co. KG}, address = {Freiburg}, issn = {2941-3028}, pages = {39 -- 39}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{Muster2024, author = {Muster, Judith}, title = {Unterwachung lernen}, series = {Neues Lernen : Personal.magazin : Inspiration f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Mensch und Organisation}, volume = {37}, journal = {Neues Lernen : Personal.magazin : Inspiration f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Mensch und Organisation}, number = {3}, publisher = {Haufe-Lexware GmbH \& Co. KG}, address = {Freiburg}, issn = {2941-3028}, pages = {35 -- 35}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{Munk2024, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Munk, Sarah Chaya}, title = {The Messianic Jewish Movement and its relation to Torah}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63644}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636441}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {110}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit zur Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Bewegung und ihrer Beziehung zur Torah erforscht exemplarisch anhand von 10 Interviews mit ausgew{\"a}hlten Jeshua-gl{\"a}ubigen Juden in Leitungsfunktionen die verschiedenen Aspekte der Beziehung zur Torah. Dabei entsteht durch die Auswahl der Interviewpartner eine f{\"u}r die Bewegung als ganze typische Bandbreite von verschiedenen Positionen, die sich zwar in vielen Punkten {\"u}berlappen, doch vielfach grundverschieden sind und zum Teil einander widersprechen. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die theologisch begr{\"u}ndeten, divergenten und sich widersprechenden Positionen gelegt, mit dem Versuch, diese verst{\"a}ndlich zu machen. Nach einer kurzen Einf{\"u}hrung zur Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Bewegung werden Aspekte der Messianisch-J{\"u}dischen Doppelidentit{\"a}t beleuchtet und ihre Relevanz f{\"u}r die Beziehung zur Torah aufgezeigt. Diesem folgt ein {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Foren, in denen Jeshua-gl{\"a}ubige Juden {\"u}ber ihre Beziehung zur Torah diskutieren. Die umfangreiche Bibliographie am Ende der Arbeit erlaubt Einblick in einen lebhaften, noch l{\"a}ngst nicht abgeschlossenen Diskussionsprozess innerhalb der Bewegung. Eine knapp kommentierte Begriffsdifferenzierung dient als {\"U}bersicht {\"u}ber die wichtigsten Bedeutungen von Torah, die in der Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Bewegung Verwendung finden. Nach diesen Vorarbeiten wird die Feldstudie pr{\"a}sentiert. Eine Beschreibung des Forschungsfeldes und methodologische Reflexionen sind den Interviews vorangestellt. In den Interviews werden zun{\"a}chst die Assoziationen mit dem Begriff Torah erfasst und die begriffliche F{\"u}llung und Verwendung gekl{\"a}rt. Hier schon zeigen sich einige gravierende Unterschiede. Die theologischen Positionen und Verst{\"a}ndnisse von Torah werden mit dem biographischen Kontext und Hauptwirkungsfeld und mit Nennung der wichtigsten formenden Einfl{\"u}sse dargestellt. Festgehalten werden zun{\"a}chst die Punkte, in denen bei allen {\"U}bereinstimmung herrscht, denn sie dienen als gemeinsame Basis. Alle studieren die schriftliche Torah und erachten diese wie auch den {\"u}brigen Tanach und die Schriften des Neuen Testaments in der vorliegenden Form als g{\"o}ttlich inspiriert und autoritativ verbindlich. Alle haben f{\"u}r sich einen positiven Zugang zur Torah, entsprechend ihrer eigenen Begriffsdefinition, gefunden. F{\"u}r alle weist die schriftliche Torah und der Tanach auf Jeshua hin. Alle sind sich einig, dass Jeshua die Torah nicht außer Kraft gesetzt, sondern erf{\"u}llt hat. Und alle f{\"u}hlen als Jude in irgendeiner Weise eine Verantwortung gegen{\"u}ber der Torah. In Bezug auf das Halten von Geboten sagen alle, dass sich keiner dadurch den Weg in den Himmel erwerben kann. G-ttes Treue gegen{\"u}ber Seinen Verheißungen f{\"u}r Israel wird von allen bekr{\"a}ftigt, doch ob der neue Bund in Jeshua den alten Bund vom Berg Sinai abgel{\"o}st hat, oder ob er einfach zum bereits bestehenden Bund von Sinai hinzukommt, ob rituelle Gebote nach Jeshua's Tod und Auferstehung und der Zerst{\"o}rung des Tempels weiter gehalten werden sollen, ob die Gebote zur Absonderung von den Nationen weiter gehalten werden sollen, ob und unter welchen Bedingungen rabbinischer Halacha gefolgt werden soll und was die Einzelnen in ihren Familien und Gemeinden tun und lehren, dies wird Interview um Interview er{\"o}rtert. Es zeigt sich, wie verschiedene Leseweisen und Gewichtungen von Schl{\"u}sselschriftstellen die verschiedenen Positionen hervorbringen. So wie die Verschiedenartigkeit der Positionen in Beziehung zur Torah bereits ahnen l{\"a}sst, sind die Interview-Partner zur Frage nach einer Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Halacha geteilter Meinung. Doch auch hier wird der Begriff Halacha von den Repr{\"a}sentanten verschieden gef{\"u}llt. Zum Schluss der Feldstudie werden die Versuche, Messianisch J{\"u}dische Halacha zu produzieren und die Probleme und Kritikpunkte, die von anderen Interviewpartnern dagegen ge{\"a}ußert wurden erl{\"a}utert. Den Abschluss der Arbeit bilden ein theologischer Rahmen, der all die verschiedenen Positionen und Beziehungen zur Torah fassen kann und einige Ansatzpunkte f{\"u}r eine m{\"o}gliche Messianisch J{\"u}dische hermeneutische Theologie der Torah.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuchaEngelsWhibleyetal.2024, author = {Mucha, Anne and Engels, James J. and Whibley, Fred and Uegaki, Wataru and Wamsley, James C. and Dawson, Virginia and Gruzdeva, Anastasija and Alhazova, Anna and Golovnina, Anna and Nasyrova, Regina and Sadkovsky, Feudor and Weingartz, Siena and Hohaus, Vera and Cisse, Ousmane and Coppock, Elizabeth and Agodio, Badiba Olivier and Jenks, Peter and Sande, Hannah and Zimmermann, Malte and Berezovskaya, Polina and Chen, Sihwei and Renans, Agata}, title = {Proceedings of TripleA 10}, series = {Proceedings of TripleA}, booktitle = {Proceedings of TripleA}, editor = {Lecavelier des Etangs-Levallois, Jeanne and Geick, Niklas and Grubic, Mira and Bharadwaj, Prarthanaa and Zimmermann, Malte}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64798}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647980}, pages = {iv, 158}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The TripleA workshop series was founded in 2014 by linguists from Potsdam and T{\"u}bingen with the aim of providing a platform for researchers that conduct theoretically-informed linguistic fieldwork on meaning. Its focus is particularly on languages that are under-represented in the current research landscape, including but not limited to languages of Africa, Asia, and Australia, hence TripleA. For its 10th anniversary, TripleA returned to the University of Potsdam on the 7-9th of June 2023. The programme included 21 talks dealing with no less than 22 different languages, including three invited talks given by Sihwei Chen (Academia Sinica), J{\´e}r{\´e}my Pasquereau (Laboratoire de Linguistique de Nantes, CNRS) and Agata Renans (Ruhr-Universit{\"a}t Bochum). Nine of these (invited or peer-reviewed) talks are featured in this volume.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mostafa2024, author = {Mostafa, Amr}, title = {DNA origami nanoforks: A platform for cytochrome c single molecule surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63548}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-635482}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xi, 90, x}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This thesis presents a comprehensive exploration of the application of DNA origami nanofork antennas (DONAs) in the field of spectroscopy, with a particular focus on the structural analysis of Cytochrome C (CytC) at the single-molecule level. The research encapsulates the design, optimization, and application of DONAs in enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of Raman spectroscopy, thereby offering new insights into protein structures and interactions. The initial phase of the study involved the meticulous optimization of DNA origami structures. This process was pivotal in developing nanoscale tools that could significantly enhance the capabilities of Raman spectroscopy. The optimized DNA origami nanoforks, in both dimer and aggregate forms, demonstrated an enhanced ability to detect and analyze molecular vibrations, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of protein dynamics. A key aspect of this research was the comparative analysis between the dimer and aggregate forms of DONAs. This comparison revealed that while both configurations effectively identified oxidation and spin states of CytC, the aggregate form offered a broader range of detectable molecular states due to its prolonged signal emission and increased number of molecules. This extended duration of signal emission in the aggregates was attributed to the collective hotspot area, enhancing overall signal stability and sensitivity. Furthermore, the study delved into the analysis of the Amide III band using the DONA system. Observations included a transient shift in the Amide III band's frequency, suggesting dynamic alterations in the secondary structure of CytC. These shifts, indicative of transitions between different protein structures, were crucial in understanding the protein's functional mechanisms and interactions. The research presented in this thesis not only contributes significantly to the field of spectroscopy but also illustrates the potential of interdisciplinary approaches in biosensing. The use of DNA origami-based systems in spectroscopy has opened new avenues for research, offering a detailed and comprehensive understanding of protein structures and interactions. The insights gained from this research are expected to have lasting implications in scientific fields ranging from drug development to the study of complex biochemical pathways. This thesis thus stands as a testament to the power of integrating nanotechnology, biochemistry, and spectroscopic techniques in addressing complex scientific questions.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Moser2024, author = {Moser, Natalie}, title = {Historisch von der nahen Zukunft erz{\"a}hlen}, series = {Zukunft - Zukunftswissen - Zukunfts{\"a}sthetik}, booktitle = {Zukunft - Zukunftswissen - Zukunfts{\"a}sthetik}, publisher = {Rombach Wissenschaft}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-96821-870-0}, doi = {10.5771/9783968218717-85}, pages = {85 -- 106}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @misc{Moser2024, author = {Moser, Natalie}, title = {Elmiger, Dorothee: Aus der Zuckerfabrik}, series = {Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL)}, journal = {Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL)}, publisher = {J.B. Metzler}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-476-05728-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_23513-2}, pages = {2}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Montulet2024, author = {Montulet, Orianne}, title = {Functional characterization of putative interactors of the Cellulose Synthase Complex}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {160}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The plant cell wall plays several crucial roles during plant development with its integrity acting as key signalling component for growth regulation during biotic and abiotic stresses. Cellulose microfibrils, the principal load-bearing components is the major component of the primary cell wall, whose synthesis is mediated by microtubule-associated CELLULOSE SYNTHASE (CESA) COMPLEXES (CSC). Previous studies have shown that CSC interacting proteins COMPANION OF CELLULOSE SYNTHASE (CC) facilitate sustained cellulose synthesis during salt stress by promoting repolymerization of cortical microtubules. However, our understanding of cellulose synthesis during salt stress remains incomplete. In this study, a pull-down of CC1 protein led to the identification of a novel interactor, termed LEA-like. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that LEA-like belongs to the LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT (LEA) protein family, specifically to the LEA_2 subgroup, showing a close relationship with the CC proteins. Roots of the double mutants lea-like and its closest homolog emb3135 exhibited hypersensitivity when grown on cellulose synthesis inhibitors. Further analysis of higher-order mutants of lea-like, emb3135, and cesa6 demonstrated a genetic interaction between them indicating a significant role in cellulose synthesis. Live-cell imaging revealed that both LEA-like and EMB3135 migrated with the CSC at the plasma membrane along microtubule tracks in control and oryzalin-treated conditions which destabilize microtubules, suggesting a tight interaction. Investigation of fluorescently labeled lines of different domains of the LEA-like protein revealed that the N-terminal cytosolic domain of LEA-like colocalizes with microtubules, suggesting a physical association between the two. Considering the established role of LEA proteins in abiotic stress tolerance, we performed phenotypic analysis of the mutant under various stresses. Growth of double mutants of lea-like and emb3135 on NaCl containing media resulted in swelling of root cell indicating a putative role in salt stress tolerance. Supportive of this the quadruple mutant, lacking LEA-like, EMB3135, CC1, and CC2 proteins, exhibited a severe root growth defect on NaCl media compared to control conditions. Live-cell imaging revealed that under salt stress, the LEA-like protein forms aggregates in the plasma membrane. In conclusion, this study has unveiled two novel interactors of the CSC that act with the CC proteins that regulate plant growth in response to salt stress providing new insights into the intricate regulation of cellulose synthesis, particularly under such conditions.}, language = {en} } @book{MitschEllbogen2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang and Ellbogen, Klaus}, title = {F{\"a}lle zum Strafprozessrecht}, series = {Klausurenkurs Juristische {\"U}bungsb{\"u}cher}, journal = {Klausurenkurs Juristische {\"U}bungsb{\"u}cher}, edition = {3. neu bearbeitete Auflage}, publisher = {Verlag Franz Vahlen}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-8006-7003-1}, pages = {XVI, 212}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Das Werk bietet eine umfassende Fallsammlung zum Strafprozessrecht. Dabei werden jeder Falll{\"o}sung eine umfassende gutachterliche Vor{\"u}berlegung sowie eine L{\"o}sungsgliederung vorangestellt. Die eigentliche ausf{\"u}hrliche L{\"o}sung enth{\"a}lt zus{\"a}tzlich Klausurtipps und Vertiefungshinweise.}, language = {de} } @incollection{Mitsch2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang}, title = {\S 115 Ordnungswidrigkeiten}, series = {BeckOK Informations- und Medienrecht}, booktitle = {BeckOK Informations- und Medienrecht}, editor = {Gersdorf, Hubertus and Paal, Boris P.}, edition = {44. Edition, Stand: 01.11.2023}, publisher = {Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Mitsch2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang}, title = {Entkriminalisierung des unerlaubten Entfernens vom Unfallort}, series = {Deutsches Autorecht}, volume = {94}, journal = {Deutsches Autorecht}, number = {1}, publisher = {Juristische Zentrale des ADAC e.V.}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0012-1231}, pages = {15 -- 19}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der Ruf nach gesetzgeberischen Reparaturmaßnahmen am unbestrittenermaßen missgl{\"u}ckten \S STGB \S 142 StGB ist ein kriminalpolitischer Dauerbrenner. Neu sind recht konkrete Vorschl{\"a}ge aus dem Bundesministerium der Justiz zu einer Reduktion des objektiven Tatbestandes, durch die ein betr{\"a}chtlicher Anteil der Anwendungsf{\"a}lle k{\"u}nftig in das Ordnungswidrigkeitenrecht verlagert werden soll. Unf{\"a}lle, die „reine Sachsch{\"a}den" verursachen, sollen eine nur noch bußgeldbewehrte Warte- und Feststellungserm{\"o}glichungspflicht ausl{\"o}sen. Die im Vorstadium eines Gesetzesentwurfs publizierten ministeriellen Ideen haben ein geteiltes Echo - Zustimmung und Ablehnung - ausgel{\"o}st. Der Beitrag befasst sich nicht mit der umstrittenen kriminalpolitischen Vern{\"u}nftigkeit der Pl{\"a}ne, zeigt aber einige strafrechtsdogmatische Aspekte auf, die bei der Neufassung des Gesetzeswortlauts zu beachten sein werden.}, language = {de} } @article{Mitsch2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang}, title = {Fortschritte im Notwehrrecht?}, series = {KriPoZ : kriminalpolitische Zeitschrift}, volume = {9}, journal = {KriPoZ : kriminalpolitische Zeitschrift}, number = {3}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t zu K{\"o}ln}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, issn = {2509-6826}, pages = {148 -- 156}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der untenstehende Text ist eine recht spontane Reaktion auf Bemerkungen, die j{\"u}ngst von den Kollegen Armin Engl{\"a}nder und Christian R{\"u}ckert zu einem Kodifizierungsvorschlag f{\"u}r die Regelungsthemen Notwehr, Notwehrexzess und subjektives Rechtfertigungselement in der Zeitschrift „Goltdammer's Archiv f{\"u}r Strafrecht" pr{\"a}sentiert wurden. Den Entwurfstext hat eine - kleine - Gruppe von Strafrechtslehrern erarbeitet. Er wurde letztes Jahr mittels eines Aufsatzes von Elisa Hoven und Wolfgang Mitsch - ebenfalls im „Goltdammer's Archiv" - vorgestellt und erl{\"a}utert. Engl{\"a}nder und R{\"u}ckert {\"a}ußern stellenweise Zustimmung, {\"u}ben aber auch zu vielen Punkten des Entwurfs und seiner Begr{\"u}ndung Kritik. Da der hiesige Verfasser sowohl an der Entwicklung des Entwurfstextes als auch an dem genannten GA-Aufsatz als Ko-Autor beteiligt war, m{\"o}chte er - im Folgenden: ich - zu einigen der Kritiken Stellung nehmen.}, language = {de} } @article{Mitsch2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang}, title = {Strafbare Verabredung zu verbotenen Kraftfahrzeugrennen}, series = {Neue Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Verkehrsrecht}, volume = {36}, journal = {Neue Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Verkehrsrecht}, number = {8}, publisher = {C.H. Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0934-1307}, pages = {373 -- 377}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Illegales Wettrasen auf {\"o}ffentlichen Straßen besch{\"a}ftigt Staatsanwaltschaften und Strafgerichte, wenn dieses Ereignis stattgefunden und oftmals auch schwere Sch{\"a}den verursacht hat. Jeder hat noch das Verfahren um das t{\"o}dliche Geschehen auf der Berliner Tauentzienstrasse im Ged{\"a}chtnis und vor Augen. Naturgem{\"a}ß geht einer solchen Aktion stets eine - wenn auch nur kurze und evtl. nonverbale (z. B. Kopfnicken, Handzeichen) - Verst{\"a}ndigung der Teilnehmer voraus. Praktisch mag die Frage keine Bedeutung haben, theoretisch interessant ist sie aber schon: Ist bereits diese Kommunikation in der Anbahnungsphase m{\"o}glicherweise strafbares Verhalten? Praktisch w{\"u}rde sich die M{\"o}glichkeit der Strafverfolgung darauf beschr{\"a}nken, wenn aus irgendeinem Grund das Rennen dann doch nicht stattgefunden hat. Daher sollen hier - weil das nach meiner Beobachtung noch nirgends geschehen ist - zu diesem Thema ein paar kl{\"a}rende Ausf{\"u}hrungen gemacht werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{Mitsch2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang}, title = {Fischer Strafgesetzbuch}, series = {Neue juristische Wochenschrift}, volume = {76}, journal = {Neue juristische Wochenschrift}, number = {10}, publisher = {C.H. Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0341-1915}, pages = {639 -- 640}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Mirzaee2024, author = {Mirzaee, Zohreh}, title = {Ecology and phylogeny of Mantodea of Iran and adjacent areas}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-65273}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-652739}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {187}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Mantodea, commonly known as mantids, have captivated researchers owing to their enigmatic behavior and ecological significance. This order comprises a diverse array of predatory insects, boasting over 2,400 species globally and inhabiting a wide spectrum of ecosystems. In Iran, the mantid fauna displays remarkable diversity, yet numerous facets of this fauna remain poorly understood, with a significant dearth of systematic and ecological research. This substantial knowledge gap underscores the pressing need for a comprehensive study to advance our understanding of Mantodea in Iran and its neighboring regions. The principal objective of this investigation was to delve into the ecology and phylogeny of Mantodea within these areas. To accomplish this, our research efforts concentrated on three distinct genera within Iranian Mantodea. These genera were selected due to their limited existing knowledge base and feasibility for in-depth study. Our comprehensive methodology encompassed a multifaceted approach, integrating morphological analysis, molecular techniques, and ecological observations. Our research encompassed a comprehensive revision of the genus Holaptilon, resulting in the description of four previously unknown species. This extensive effort substantially advanced our understanding of the ecological roles played by Holaptilon and refined its systematic classification. Furthermore, our investigation into Nilomantis floweri expanded its known distribution range to include Iran. By conducting thorough biological assessments, genetic analyses, and ecological niche modeling, we obtained invaluable insights into distribution patterns and genetic diversity within this species. Additionally, our research provided a thorough comprehension of the life cycle, behaviors, and ecological niche modeling of Blepharopsis mendica, shedding new light on the distinctive characteristics of this mantid species. Moreover, we contributed essential knowledge about parasitoids that infect mantid ootheca, laying the foundation for future studies aimed at uncovering the intricate mechanisms governing ecological and evolutionary interactions between parasitoids and Mantodea.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MirbabaieRieskampHofeditzetal.2024, author = {Mirbabaie, Milad and Rieskamp, Jonas and Hofeditz, Lennart and Stieglitz, Stefan}, title = {Breaking down barriers}, series = {Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, editor = {Bui, Tung X.}, publisher = {Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, isbn = {978-0-99813-317-1}, pages = {672 -- 681}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Many researchers hesitate to provide full access to their datasets due to a lack of knowledge about research data management (RDM) tools and perceived fears, such as losing the value of one's own data. Existing tools and approaches often do not take into account these fears and missing knowledge. In this study, we examined how conversational agents (CAs) can provide a natural way of guidance through RDM processes and nudge researchers towards more data sharing. This work offers an online experiment in which researchers interacted with a CA on a self-developed RDM platform and a survey on participants' data sharing behavior. Our findings indicate that the presence of a guiding and enlightening CA on an RDM platform has a constructive influence on both the intention to share data and the actual behavior of data sharing. Notably, individual factors do not appear to impede or hinder this effect.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mielke2024, author = {Mielke, Lucas}, title = {Schernikau und die Poetik der Affirmation}, series = {Deutsche Literatur : Studien und Quellen}, volume = {48}, journal = {Deutsche Literatur : Studien und Quellen}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin ; Boston, Mass}, isbn = {9783111441221}, issn = {2198-932X}, doi = {10.1515/9783111441221}, pages = {vi; 241}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Arbeit ist der Versuch einer zusammenh{\"a}ngenden historisierenden Lekt{\"u}re der wichtigsten Essays und fiktionalen Prosatexte des Schriftstellers Ronald M. Schernikau (1960-1991). Der schwule Kommunist erkl{\"a}rte das Lob zur k{\"u}nstlerischen Strategie, formulierte gleichzeitig eine avancierte Gesellschaftskritik und verteidigte den realen Sozialismus auch gegen die Realit{\"a}t. Im Verlauf mehrerer Einzelstudien werden Themen, Schreibweisen und schließlich auch die Widerspr{\"u}che, in die sich ein solches Projekt verstricken muss, analysiert. Vor dem Hintergrund zentraler politischer und {\"a}sthetischer Debatten der 1970er und -80er Jahre werden so die Umrisse einer politischen Poetik nachgezeichnet, die der Sch{\"o}nheit verpflichtet ist. Ein weiteres Augenmerk liegt dabei auf theorie- und bewegungsgeschichtlichen Aspekten. Gibt es ein schwules Schreiben jenseits einer auktorialen Selbstpositionierung? Was w{\"u}rde eine kommunistische Literatur auszeichnen? Schernikau verhandelt poetologische Fragen um die Konzepte Autorschaft, Realismus und Werk, die nicht nur an gegenw{\"a}rtige Diskurse anschlussf{\"a}hig sind, sondern auf die Kernprobleme der politischen Literatur des Zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts verweisen.}, language = {de} } @misc{MiechielsenSchmidt2024, author = {Miechielsen, Milena and Schmidt, Katja}, title = {Leitfaden f{\"u}r die Erstellung von kommunalen Aktionspl{\"a}nen zur Steigerung der urbanen Klimaresilienz}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63057}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-630578}, pages = {85}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die durch Klimaver{\"a}nderungen hervorgerufenen Auswirkungen auf Menschen und Umwelt werden immer offensichtlicher: Neben der gesundheitlichen Gef{\"a}hrdung durch Hitzewellen, die deutschlandweit seit einigen Jahren eine steigende Rate an Todes- und Krankheitsf{\"a}llen zur Folge hat sind in den letzten Jahren zunehmend Starkniederschl{\"a}ge und daraus resultierenden {\"U}berschwemmungen bzw. Sturzfluten aufgetreten. Diese ziehen zum Teil immensen wirtschaftlichen Sch{\"a}den, aber auch Beeintr{\"a}chtigungen f{\"u}r die menschliche Gesundheit - sowohl physisch als auch psychisch - sowie gar Todesopfer nach sich. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass diese Extremwetterereignisse zuk{\"u}nftiger noch h{\"a}ufiger auftreten werden. Um die Bev{\"o}lkerung besser vor den Folgen dieser Wetterextreme zu sch{\"u}tzen, sind neben Klimaschutzmaßnahmen auch Vorsorge- und Anpassungsmaßnahmen zur Steigerung der kommunalen Klimaresilienz dringend notwendig. Dazu bedarf es einerseits einer Auseinandersetzung mit den eigenen kommunalen Risiken und daraus resultierenden Handlungsbedarfen, und andererseits eines interdisziplin{\"a}ren, querschnittsorientierten und prozessorientierten Planens und Handelns. Aktionspl{\"a}ne sollen diese beiden Aspekte b{\"u}ndeln. In den letzten Jahren sind einige kommunale und kommunen{\"u}bergreifende (Hitze-) aufgestellt worden. Diese unterscheiden sich jedoch in ihrem Inhalt und Umfang zum Teil erheblich. Mit dem vorliegenden Leitfaden soll eine effektive Hilfestellung geschaffen werden, um Kommunen bzw. die kommunale Verwaltung auf dem Weg zum eigenen Aktionsplan zu unterst{\"u}tzt. Dabei fokussiert der Leitfaden auf die Herausforderungen, die sich durch vermehrte Hitze- und Starkregenereignisse ergeben. Er st{\"u}tzt sich auf schon vorhandene Arbeitshilfen, Handlungsempfehlungen, Leitf{\"a}den und weitere Hinweise und verweist an vielen Stellen auch darauf. So soll ein praxistauglicher Leitfaden entstehen, der flexibel anwendbar ist. Mit Hilfe des vorliegenden Leitfadens k{\"o}nnen Kommunen ihre Aktivit{\"a}ten auf Hitze oder Starkregen fokussieren oder einen umfassenden Aktionsplan f{\"u}r beide Themenbereiche erstellen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Melliger2024, author = {Melliger, Marc Andr{\´e}}, title = {Effects of exposing renewables to the market}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xi, 139}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Electricity production contributes to a significant share of greenhouse gas emissions in Europe and is thus an important driver of climate change. To fulfil the Paris Agreement, the European Union (EU) needs a rapid transition to a fully decarbonised power production system. Presumably, such a system will be largely based on renewables. So far, many EU countries have supported a shift towards renewables such as solar and wind power using support schemes, but the economic and political context is changing. Renewables are now cheaper than ever before and have become cost-competitive with conventional technologies. Therefore, European policymakers are striving to better integrate renewables into a competitive market and to increase the cost-effectiveness of the expansion of renewables. The first step was to replace previous fixed-price schemes with competitive auctions. In a second step, these auctions have become more technology-open. Finally, some governments may phase out any support for renewables and fully expose them to the competitive power market. However, such policy changes may be at odds with the need to rapidly expand renewables and meet national targets due to market characteristics and investors' risk perception. Without support, price risks are higher, and it may be difficult to meet an investor's income expectations. Furthermore, policy changes across different countries could have unexpected effects if power markets are interconnected and investors able to shift their investments. Finally, in multi-technology auctions, technologies may dominate, which can be a risk for long-term power system reliability. Therefore, in my thesis, I explore the effects of phasing out support policies for renewables, of coordinating these phase-outs across countries, and of using multi-technology designs. I expand the public policy literature about investment behaviour and policy design as well as policy change and coordination, and I further develop an agent-based model. The main questions of my thesis are what the cost and deployment effects of gradually exposing renewables to market forces would be and how coordination between countries affects investors' decisions and market prices.. In my three contributions to the academic literature, I use different methods and come to the following results. In the first contribution, I use a conjoint analysis and market simulation to evaluate the effects of phasing out support or reintroducing feed-in tariffs from the perspective of investors. I find that a phase-out leads to investment shifts, either to other still-supported technologies or to other countries that continue to offer support. I conclude that the coordination of policy changes avoids such shifts.. In the second contribution, I integrate the empirically-derived preferences from the first contribution in to an agent-based power system model of two countries to simulate the effects of ending auctions for renewables. I find that this slows the energy transition, and that cross-border effects are relevant. Consequently, continued support is necessary to meet the national renewables targets. In the third contribution, I analyse the outcome of past multi-technology auctions using descriptive statistics, regression analysis as well as case study comparisons. I find that the outcomes are skewed towards single technologies. This cannot be explained by individual design elements of the auctions, but rather results from context-specific and country-specific characteristics. Based on this, I discuss potential implications for long-term power system reliability. The main conclusions of my thesis are that a complete phase-out of renewables support would slow down the energy transition and thus jeopardize climate targets, and that multi-technology auctions may pose a risk for some countries, especially those that cannot regulate an unbalanced power plant portfolio in the long term. If policymakers decide to continue supporting renewables, they may consider adopting technology-specific auctions to better steer their portfolio. In contrast, if policymakers still want to phase out support, they should coordinate these policy changes with other countries. Otherwise, overall transition costs can be higher, because investment decisions shift to still-supported but more expensive technologies.}, language = {en} } @article{MeischnerAlMousawiHellerHartensteinetal.2024, author = {Meischner-Al-Mousawi, Maja and Heller, Luise and Hartenstein, Sven and Frost, Jonas and Philipp, Aaron and Hinz, Sylvette}, title = {Suizide in deutschen Gef{\"a}ngnissen w{\"a}hrend der COVID-19-Pandemie}, series = {Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie}, volume = {18}, journal = {Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie}, number = {2}, publisher = {Steinkopff}, address = {Darmstadt}, issn = {1862-7072}, doi = {10.1007/s11757-024-00827-6}, pages = {106 -- 116}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Das Risiko, durch einen Suizid im Gef{\"a}ngnis zu versterben, ist erh{\"o}ht. W{\"a}hrend der COVID-19-Pandemie wurden zum Infektionsschutz zahlreiche Maßnahmen, die beispielsweise eine deutliche Minderung der Kontakt- und Behandlungsangebote zur Folge hatten, eingef{\"u}hrt. Im Rahmen eines Kohortenvergleichs der Suizide und ausgew{\"a}hlter Merkmale der Suizident:innen in den Zeitr{\"a}umen vom April 2017 bis zum Dezember 2019 sowie vom April 2020 bis zum Dezember 2022 wird untersucht, ob es eine Ver{\"a}nderung der Suizide w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie gab. Im Ergebnis zeigen sich eine Zunahme der Suizide w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie, insbesondere in den ersten 14 Tagen der Haft, und eine Zunahme der Suizide von Suizident:innen mit erh{\"o}hter Vulnerabilit{\"a}t. Keine Unterschiede wurden in den allgemeinen Risikomerkmalen f{\"u}r Suizide im Gef{\"a}ngnis festgestellt. Es ergeben sich Hinweise auf eine suizidpr{\"a}ventive Wirkung der Kontakt- und Behandlungsangebote. Daraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit, intensivere Pr{\"a}ventionsangebote f{\"u}r Gefangene mit erh{\"o}hter Vulnerabilit{\"a}t bzw. geringerer Resilienz anzubieten.}, language = {de} }