@article{WolfPolzenhagen2012, author = {Wolf, Hans-Georg and Polzenhagen, Frank}, title = {Cognitive sociolinguistics in L2-variety dictionaries of english}, series = {Review of cognitive linguistics}, volume = {10}, journal = {Review of cognitive linguistics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Benjamins}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-9751}, doi = {10.1075/rcl.10.2.06wol}, pages = {373 -- 400}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The recent decades have witnessed the incorporation of new linguistic trends into lexicography. One of these trends is a usage-based approach, with the first major application of computer-corpus data in the Collins COBUILD English dictionary (1995) and successive adaptation in other L1-dictionaries. Another, concurrent innovation-inspired by Conceptual Metaphor Theory-is the provision of conceptual information in monolingual dictionaries of English. So far, however, only the Macmillan English dictionary for advanced learners (1st and 2nd edition) has paid tribute to the fact that understanding culturespecific metaphors and being aware of metaphoric usage are crucial for learning a foreign language. Given that most of the English as lingua franca interactions take place between L2-speakers of English (see Kachru, 1994), providing conceptual information is not only a desideratum for L1- and learner dictionaries, but especially for (L2-) variety dictionaries of English. In our paper, we follow earlier tentative proposals by Polzenhagen (2007) and Wolf (2012) and present examples from A dictionary of Hong Kong English (Cummings \& Wolf, 2011), showing how culturally salient conceptual information can be made explicit and conceptual links between lexical items retrievable. The examples demonstrate that fixed expressions and idioms -a perennial problem for lexicographers are explicable by means of the proposed lexicographic design, too. Our approach is cognitive-sociolinguistic in that the Conceptual Metaphor approach is coupled with the study of regional varieties of English, more specifically Hong Kong English. Our analysis is empirically backed up by corpus-linguistic insights into this L2 variety.}, language = {en} } @article{Wolf2012, author = {Wolf, Hans-Georg}, title = {The cognitive sociolinguistic approach to the lexicon of Cameroon English and other world englishes}, isbn = {978-1-61451-248-6}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @article{WojcinskiDupontSchmidtetal.2012, author = {Wojcinski, Sebastian and Dupont, Jennifer and Schmidt, Werner and Cassel, Michael and Hillemanns, Peter}, title = {Real-time ultrasound elastography in 180 axillary lymph nodes elasticity distribution in healthy lymph nodes and prediction of breast cancer metastases}, series = {BMC medical imaging}, volume = {12}, journal = {BMC medical imaging}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2342}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2342-12-35}, pages = {10}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Background: To determine the general appearance of normal axillary lymph nodes (LNs) in real-time tissue sonoelastography and to explore the method's potential value in the prediction of LN metastases. Methods: Axillary LNs in healthy probands (n=165) and metastatic LNs in breast cancer patients (n=15) were examined with palpation, B-mode ultrasound, Doppler and sonoelastography (assessment of the elasticity of the cortex and the medulla). The elasticity distributions were compared and sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) were calculated. In an exploratory analysis, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) were calculated based upon the estimated prevalence of LN metastases in different risk groups. Results: In the elastogram, the LN cortex was significantly harder than the medulla in both healthy (p=0.004) and metastatic LNs (p=0.005). Comparing healthy and metastatic LNs, there was no difference in the elasticity distribution of the medulla (p=0.281), but we found a significantly harder cortex in metastatic LNs (p=0.006). The SE of clinical examination, B-mode ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound and sonoelastography was revealed to be 13.3\%, 40.0\%, 14.3\% and 60.0\%, respectively, and SP was 88.4\%, 96.8\%, 95.6\% and 79.6\%, respectively. The highest SE was achieved by the disjunctive combination of B-mode and elastographic features (cortex >3mm in B-mode or blue cortex in the elastogram, SE=73.3\%). The highest SP was achieved by the conjunctive combination of B-mode ultrasound and elastography (cortex >3mm in B-mode and blue cortex in the elastogram, SP=99.3\%). Conclusions: Sonoelastography is a feasible method to visualize the elasticity distribution of LNs. Moreover, sonoelastography is capable of detecting elasticity differences between the cortex and medulla, and between metastatic and healthy LNs. Therefore, sonoelastography yields additional information about axillary LN status and can improve the PPV, although this method is still experimental.}, language = {en} } @article{WojcinskiCasselFarrokhetal.2012, author = {Wojcinski, Sebastian and Cassel, Michael and Farrokh, Andre and Soliman, Amr A. and Hille, Ursula and Schmidt, Werner and Degenhardt, Friedrich and Hillemanns, Peter}, title = {Variations in the elasticity of breast tissue during the menstrual cycle determined by real-time sonoelastography}, series = {Journal of ultrasound in medicine}, volume = {31}, journal = {Journal of ultrasound in medicine}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine}, address = {Laurel}, issn = {0278-4297}, pages = {63 -- 72}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Objectives-The purpose of this study was to determine the dependence of breast tissue elasticity on the menstrual cycle of healthy volunteers by means of real-time sonoelastography. Methods-Twenty-two healthy volunteers (aged 18-33 years) were examined once weekly during two consecutive menstrual cycles using sonoelastography. Group 1 (n = 10) was not taking hormonal medication; group 2 (n = 12) was taking oral contraceptives. Results-The breast parenchyma appeared softer than the dermis and harder than the adipose tissue, and elasticity varied over the menstrual cycle and between groups. Group 1 (no hormone intake) showed continuously increasing elasticity with relatively soft breast parenchyma in the menstrual and follicular phases and harder parenchyma in the luteal phase (P = .012). Group 2 (oral contraceptives) showed no statistically significant changes in breast parenchymal elasticity according to sonoelastography. The parenchyma was generally softer in group 1 compared with group 2 throughout the menstrual cycle (P = .033). The dermis, the subcutaneous adipose tissue, and the pectoralis major muscle showed no changes in elasticity. Comparison of measurements made during the first and the second menstrual cycles showed similar patterns of elasticity in both groups. Conclusions-Sonoelastography is a reproducible method that can be used to determine the dependence of breast parenchyma elasticity on the menstrual cycle and on the intake of hormonal contraceptives.}, language = {en} } @article{Wobbe2012, author = {Wobbe, Theresa}, title = {Making up People occupational classification patterns, gendered categorization, and economic inclusion around 1900 in Germany}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, volume = {41}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Soziologie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Lucius \& Lucius}, address = {Stuttgart}, issn = {0340-1804}, pages = {41 -- 57}, year = {2012}, abstract = {According to gender and labor market research, differentiation of male and female work is not primarily grounded in specific tasks but rather rooted in male and female features attributed to work. In this paper, the effects of classification patterns are related to the categories used in occupational statistics. According to this argument statistical patterns contribute to gradual processes of inclusion into society by categorizing people. Put more precisely, this process of "making up people" (Hacking 1986) is conflated with gendered views of persons. This conceptual conflation is examined in the historical context of emerging occupational statistics, social sciences, and law in Germany around 1900. Inasmuch as statistical observation differentiated between economically productive and non-productive work, gendered distinctions were deeply encoded in its categories. These distinctions were institutionalized by means of the social scientific definition of role models as well as legal codification. In the conclusion, the sociology of knowledge approach followed in this paper is extended toward a discussion of broader questions of inclusion and gender inequality. In order to explain the persistence of gendered classifications in the organization of work in society, further gender inequality research needs to account for the enduring social evidence and symbolic relevance of sex classifications at the meso and macro levels.}, language = {de} } @article{Wischer2012, author = {Wischer, Ilse}, title = {History of english historical linguistica}, series = {English Historical Linguistics. Volume 2 (Handb{\"u}cher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science)}, journal = {English Historical Linguistics. Volume 2 (Handb{\"u}cher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science)}, editor = {Bergs, Alexander and Brinton, Laurel J.}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Mouton}, isbn = {978-3-11214-670-5}, pages = {1325 -- 1340}, year = {2012}, language = {de} } @article{WirthSaalfrank2012, author = {Wirth, Jonas and Saalfrank, Peter}, title = {The chemistry of water on alpha-alumina kinetics and nuclear quantum effects from first principles}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, volume = {116}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, number = {51}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1932-7447}, doi = {10.1021/jp310234h}, pages = {26829 -- 26840}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Water adsorption on an alumina (alpha-Al2O3) surface is studied here from first principles using periodic density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation. Two different coverage regimes, low and high, are considered. For the low-coverage regime (with a coverage of 1/4 with respect to the number of coordinatively unsaturated Al sites), possible reactions at the surface such as dissociation, rotation, and diffusion of water and its fragments are investigated, using first principles thermodynamics and kinetics. A microkinetic model is set up with rates calculated from Eyring's transition state theory in order to cover a wide range of time scales. Special emphasis of this study is on the magnitude of quantum effects and on anharmonic corrections, particularly for reactions and dynamics. These have often been neglected in the past for water/alumina systems but can influence the system. This is particularly true for processes involving hydrogen atoms, where, for example, tunneling corrections to reaction rates are found to be important even at room temperature. For a higher-coverage regime (with a coverage of 2 ML), hydrogen dynamics becomes even more complex and is characterized, e.g., by concerted atom motion, strong anharmonicity, and delocalization. In this regime, classical molecular dynamics becomes questionable as well as quantum mechanical treatments based on the harmonic approximation.}, language = {en} } @article{WirgesRaabeQiu2012, author = {Wirges, Werner and Raabe, Sebastian and Qiu, Xunlin}, title = {Dielectric elastomer and ferroelectret films combined in a single device how do they reinforce each other?}, series = {Applied physics : A, Materials science \& processing}, volume = {107}, journal = {Applied physics : A, Materials science \& processing}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0947-8396}, doi = {10.1007/s00339-012-6833-6}, pages = {583 -- 588}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Dielectric elastomers (DE) are soft polymer materials exhibiting large deformations under electrostatic stress. When a prestretched elastomer is stuck to a flat plastic frame, a complex structure that can be used as an actuator (DEA) is formed due to self-organization and energy minimization. Here, such a DEA was equipped with a ferroelectret film. Ferroelectrets are internally charged polymer foams or void-containing polymer-film systems combining large piezoelectricity with mechanical flexibility and elastic compliance. In their dielectric spectra, ferroelectrets show piezoelectric resonances that can be used to analyze their electromechanical properties. The antiresonance frequencies ( ) of ferroelectret films not only are directly related to their geometric parameters, but also are sensitive to the boundary conditions during measurement. In this paper, a fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP) ferroelectret film with tubular void channels was glued to a plastic frame prior to the formation of self-organized minimum-energy DEA structure. The dielectric resonance spectrum (DRS) of the ferroelectret film was measured in-situ during the actuation of the DEA under applied voltage. It is found that the antiresonance frequency is a monotropic function of the bending angle of the actuator. Therefore, the actuation of DEAs can be used to modulate the of ferroelectrets, while the can also be taken for in-situ diagnosis and for precise control of the actuation of the DEA. Combination of DEAs and ferroelectrets brings a number of possibilities for application.}, language = {en} } @article{WinterZabelStrauch2012, author = {Winter, Alette and Zabel, Andre and Strauch, Peter}, title = {Tetrachloridocuprates(II)-Synthesis and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy}, series = {International journal of molecular sciences}, volume = {13}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1661-6596}, doi = {10.3390/ijms13021612}, pages = {1612 -- 1619}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Ionic liquids (ILs) on the basis of metal containing anions and/or cations are of interest for a variety of technical applications e.g., synthesis of particles, magnetic or thermochromic materials. We present the synthesis and the results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analyses of a series of some new potential ionic liquids based on tetrachloridocuprates(II), [CuCl4](2-), with different sterically demanding cations: hexadecyltrimethylammonium 1, tetradecyltrimethylammonium 2, tetrabutylammonium 3 and benzyltriethylammonium 4. The cations in the new compounds were used to achieve a reasonable separation of the paramagnetic Cu(II) ions for EPR spectroscopy. The EPR hyperfine structure was not resolved. This is due to the exchange broadening, resulting from still incomplete separation of the paramagnetic Cu(II) centers. Nevertheless, the principal values of the electron Zeemann tensor (g parallel to and g perpendicular to) of the complexes could be determined. Even though the solid substances show slightly different colors, the UV/Vis spectra are nearly identical, indicating structural changes of the tetrachloridocuprate moieties between solid state and solution. The complexes have a promising potential e.g., as high temperature ionic liquids, as precursors for the formation of copper chloride particles or as catalytic paramagnetic ionic liquids.}, language = {en} } @article{Winst2012, author = {Winst, Silke}, title = {Narration in the late middle ages seriality and complexity in the epic prose "Loher and Maller"}, series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur}, volume = {134}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur}, number = {2}, publisher = {Niemeyer}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, issn = {0005-8076}, pages = {220 -- 238}, year = {2012}, language = {de} } @article{Winst2012, author = {Winst, Silke}, title = {Narration im sp{\"a}ten Mittelalter}, series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur}, volume = {134}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur}, number = {2}, issn = {1865-9373}, doi = {10.1515/pbb-2012-0022}, pages = {220 -- 238}, year = {2012}, abstract = {In older research literature, the prose epics emerging from the court of Elisabeth of Lorraine and Nassau-Saarbr{\"u}cken have repeatedly been accused of lacking structure and literariness. By contrast, this article shows that narrative principles of seriality generate the complex structure of the voluminous ›Loher und Maller‹: literary strategies of repetition and variation organize the text on different levels. Recurring narrative structures, thematic constellations and motivations as well as lexical stereotypes are part of this comprehensive principle of seriality. Not triviality and insufficiency, but structural and narrative complexity and lexical accumulation of significance characterize ›Loher und Maller‹.}, language = {de} } @article{WinklerGoebelBidaultetal.2012, author = {Winkler, Till J. and Goebel, Christoph and Bidault, Francis and G{\"u}nther, Oliver}, title = {Information technology and business practieses in Germany}, series = {The UCLA Anderson Business and Information Technologies (BIT) Project}, journal = {The UCLA Anderson Business and Information Technologies (BIT) Project}, publisher = {world scientific}, address = {Singapore}, doi = {10.1142/9789814390880_0005}, pages = {81 -- 114}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @article{WinkelmannLevermannMartinetal.2012, author = {Winkelmann, Ricarda and Levermann, Anders and Martin, Maria A. and Frieler, Katja}, title = {Increased future ice discharge from Antarctica owing to higher snowfall}, series = {Nature : the international weekly journal of science}, volume = {492}, journal = {Nature : the international weekly journal of science}, number = {7428}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {0028-0836}, doi = {10.1038/nature11616}, pages = {239 -- +}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Anthropogenic climate change is likely to cause continuing global sea level rise(1), but some processes within the Earth system may mitigate the magnitude of the projected effect. Regional and global climate models simulate enhanced snowfall over Antarctica, which would provide a direct offset of the future contribution to global sea level rise from cryospheric mass loss(2,3) and ocean expansion(4). Uncertainties exist in modelled snowfall(5), but even larger uncertainties exist in the potential changes of dynamic ice discharge from Antarctica(1,6) and thus in the ultimate fate of the precipitation-deposited ice mass. Here we show that snowfall and discharge are not independent, but that future ice discharge will increase by up to three times as a result of additional snowfall under global warming. Our results, based on an ice-sheet model(7) forced by climate simulations through to the end of 2500 (ref. 8), show that the enhanced discharge effect exceeds the effect of surface warming as well as that of basal ice-shelf melting, and is due to the difference in surface elevation change caused by snowfall on grounded versus floating ice. Although different underlying forcings drive ice loss from basal melting versus increased snowfall, similar ice dynamical processes are nonetheless at work in both; therefore results are relatively independent of the specific representation of the transition zone. In an ensemble of simulations designed to capture ice-physics uncertainty, the additional dynamic ice loss along the coastline compensates between 30 and 65 per cent of the ice gain due to enhanced snowfall over the entire continent. This results in a dynamic ice loss of up to 1.25 metres in the year 2500 for the strongest warming scenario. The reported effect thus strongly counters a potential negative contribution to global sea level by the Antarctic Ice Sheet.}, language = {en} } @article{WinckRianoPachonSommeretal.2012, author = {Winck, Flavia V. and Riano-Pachon, Diego M. and Sommer, Frederik and Rupprecht, Jens and M{\"u}ller-R{\"o}ber, Bernd}, title = {The nuclear proteome of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}, series = {Proteomics}, volume = {12}, journal = {Proteomics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Malden}, issn = {1615-9853}, doi = {10.1002/pmic.201000782}, pages = {95 -- 100}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Nuclear proteins play a central role in regulating gene expression. Their identification is important for understanding how the nuclear repertoire changes over time under different conditions. Nuclear proteins are often underrepresented in proteomic studies due to the frequently low abundance of proteins involved in regulatory processes. So far, only few studies describing the nuclear proteome of plant species have been published. Recently, the genome sequence of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been obtained and annotated, allowing the development of further detailed studies for this organism. However, a detailed description of its nuclear proteome has not been reported so far. Here, we present an analysis of the nuclear proteome of the sequenced Chlamydomonas strain cc503. Using LC-MS/MS, we identified 672 proteins from nuclei isolates with a maximum 1\% peptide spectrum false discovery rate. Besides well-known proteins (e.g. histones), transcription factors and other transcriptional regulators (e.g. tubby and HMG) were identified. The presence of protein motifs in nuclear proteins was investigated by computational tools, and specific over-represented protein motifs were identified. This study provides new insights into the complexity of the nuclear environment and reveals novel putative protein targets for further studies of nuclear mechanisms.}, language = {en} } @article{WillnerMassonneRingetal.2012, author = {Willner, Arne P. and Massonne, Hans-Joachim and Ring, Uwe and Sudo, Masafumi and Thomson, Stuart N.}, title = {P-T evolution and timing of a late Palaeozoic fore-arc system and its heterogeneous Mesozoic overprint in north-central Chile (latitudes 31-32 degrees S)}, series = {Geological magazine}, volume = {149}, journal = {Geological magazine}, number = {2}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {0016-7568}, doi = {10.1017/S0016756811000641}, pages = {177 -- 207}, year = {2012}, abstract = {In the late Palaeozoic fore-arc system of north-central Chile at latitudes 31-32 degrees S (from the west to the east) three lithotectonic units are telescoped within a short distance by a Mesozoic strikeslip event (derived peak P-T conditions in brackets): (1) the basally accreted Choapa Metamorphic Complex (CMC; 350-430 degrees C, 6-9 kbar), (2) the frontally accreted Arrayan Formation (AF; 280-320 degrees C, 4-6 kbar) and (3) the retrowedge basin of the Huentelauquen Formation (HF; 280-320 degrees C, 3-4 kbar). In the CMC, Ar-Ar spot ages locally date white-mica formation at peak P-T conditions and during early exhumation at 279-242 Ma. In a local garnet mica-schist intercalation (570-585 degrees C, 11-13 kbar) Ar-Ar spot ages refer to the ascent from the subduction channel at 307-274 Ma. Portions of the CMC were isobarically heated to 510-580 degrees C at 6.6-8.5 kbar. The age of peak P-T conditions in the AF can only vaguely be approximated at >= 310 Ma by relict fission-track ages consistent with the observation that frontal accretion occurred prior to basal accretion. Zircon fission-track dating indicates cooling below similar to 280 degrees C at similar to 248 Ma in the CMC and the AF, when a regional unconformity also formed. Ar-Ar white-mica spot ages in parts of the CMC and within the entire AF and HF point to heterogeneous resetting during Mesozoic extensional and shortening events at similar to 245-240 Ma, similar to 210-200 Ma, similar to 174-159 Ma and similar to 142-127 Ma. The zircon fission-track ages are locally reset at 109-96 Ma. All resetting of Ar-Ar white-mica ages is proposed to have occurred by in situ dissolution/precipitation at low temperature in the presence of locally penetrating hydrous fluids. Hence syn-and postaccretionary events in the fore-arc system can still be distinguished and dated in spite of its complex heterogeneous postaccretional overprint.}, language = {en} } @article{WillemseCornelissenTurgut2012, author = {Willemse, Marloes and Cornelissen, Sebastiaan and Turgut, Pelin}, title = {Relating the attitudes represented in the maps of the atlas of European values to the students}, series = {Potsdamer geographische Praxis}, journal = {Potsdamer geographische Praxis}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2194-1599}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65834}, pages = {69 -- 74}, year = {2012}, abstract = {1. The meaning of religious (sacred) places 2. Why be religious? 3. Secularism in Europe 4. Youth and religion ('No creo en el jamas' (Juanes)) 5. Football \& religion 6. Religion and politics 7. Penguins in heaven 8. Lucky Charms 9. Unity in Diversity 10. Religion and active citizenship}, language = {en} } @article{WilkeVasquezWiersbergetal.2012, author = {Wilke, Franziska Daniela Helena and Vasquez, Monica and Wiersberg, Thomas and Naumann, Rudolf and Erzinger, J{\"o}rg}, title = {On the interaction of pure and impure supercritical CO2 with rock forming minerals in saline aquifers: An experimental geochemical approach}, series = {Applied geochemistry : journal of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry}, volume = {27}, journal = {Applied geochemistry : journal of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry}, number = {8}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0883-2927}, doi = {10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.04.012}, pages = {1615 -- 1622}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate and compare the geochemical impact of pure and impure CO2 on rock forming minerals of possible CO2 storage reservoirs. This geochemical approach takes into account the incomplete purification of industrial captured CO2 and the related effects during injection, and provides relevant data for long-term storage simulations of this specific greenhouse gas. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the interactions of supercritical CO2, brine and rock-forming mineral concentrates (albite, microcline, kaolinite, biotite, muscovite, calcite, dolomite and anhydrite) using a newly developed experimental setup. After up to 42 day (1000 h) experiments using pure and impure supercritical CO2 the dissolution and solution characteristics were examined by XRD, XRF, SEM and EDS for the solid, and ICP-MS and IC for the fluid reactants, respectively. Experiments with mixtures of supercritical CO2 (99.5 vol.\%) and SO2 or NO2 impurities (0.5 vol.\%) suggest the formation of H2SO4 and HNO3, reflected in pH values between 1 and 4 for experiments with silicates and anhydrite and between 5 and 6 for experiments with carbonates. These acids should be responsible for the general larger amount of cations dissolved from the mineral phases compared to experiments using pure CO2. For pure CO2 a pH of around 4 was obtained using silicates and anhydrite, and 7-8 for carbonates. Dissolution of carbonates was observed after both pure and impure CO2 experiments. Anhydrite was corroded by approximately 50 wt.\% and gypsum precipitated during experiments with supercritical CO2 + NO2. Silicates do not exhibit visible alterations during all experiments but released an increasing amount of cations in the reaction fluid during experiments with impure CO2. Nonetheless, precipitated secondary carbonates could not be identified.}, language = {en} } @article{WilkeSobelO'Brienetal.2012, author = {Wilke, Franziska Daniela Helena and Sobel, Edward and O'Brien, Patrick J. and Stockli, Daniel F.}, title = {Apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He ages from the Higher Himalayan Crystallines, Kaghan Valley, Pakistan: Implications for an Eocene Plateau and Oligocene to Pliocene exhumation}, series = {Journal of Asian earth sciences}, volume = {59}, journal = {Journal of Asian earth sciences}, number = {3}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1367-9120}, doi = {10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.06.014}, pages = {14 -- 23}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Apatite fission track and apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He ages were obtained from high- and ultra high-pressure rocks from the Kaghan Valley, Pakistan. Four samples from the high altitude northern parts of the valley yielded apatite fission track ages between 24.5 +/- 3.7 and 15.6 +/- 2.1 Ma and apatite (U-Th)/He ages between 21.0 +/- 0.6 and 5.3 +/- 0.2 Ma. These data record cooling of the formerly deeply-subducted high-grade metamorphic rocks induced by denudation and exhumation consistent with extension and back sliding along the reactivated, normal-acting Main Mantle Thrust. Overlap at around 10 Ma between fission track and (U-Th)/He ages is recognised at one location (Besal) showing that fast cooling occurred due to brittle reactivation of a former thrust fault. Widespread Miocene cooling is also evident in adjacent areas to the west (Deosai Plateau, Tso Moran), most likely related to uplift and unroofing linked to continued underplating of the Indian lower crust beneath Ladakh and Kohistan in the Late Eocene to Oligocene. In the southernmost part of the study area, near Naran, two significantly younger Late Miocene to Pliocene apatite fission track ages of 7.6 +/- 2.1 to 4.0 +/- 0.5 Ma suggest a spatial and temporal separation of exhumation processes. These younger ages are best explained by enhanced Late Miocene uplift and erosion driven by thrusting along the Main Boundary Thrust.}, language = {en} } @article{WildishPavesiKetmaier2012, author = {Wildish, J. and Pavesi, Laura and Ketmaier, Valerio}, title = {Talitrid amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) and the driftwood ecological niche a morphological and molecular study}, series = {Journal of natural history : an international journal of systematics, interactive biology and biodiversity. - London : Taylor \& Francis   1.1967 -}, volume = {46}, journal = {Journal of natural history : an international journal of systematics, interactive biology and biodiversity. - London : Taylor \& Francis   1.1967 -}, number = {43-44}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0022-2933}, doi = {10.1080/00222933.2012.717971}, pages = {2677 -- 2700}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Coastal regions of the North East Atlantic and Mediterranean Seas have four known species of driftwood talitrids. Records are extremely scanty, often limited to the type locality and dating to 1950. We were able to study three of them, all belonging to the genus Macarorchestia, using fresh and archived samples including type material. Allometric and molecular analyses support: (1) a close relationship among all the three classically defined Macarorchestia species, (2) Macarorchestia was well separated from non-driftwood taxa, and (3) a putative new driftwood talitrid discovered during this study was not closely related to Macarorchestia. Genetic divergence between the new species and Macarorchestia remyi is as high as the average distance among a number of talitrid species included in the study for comparison. A key is provided to identify all three of the presently known species of Macarorchestia, using morphological characters employed in the allometric study.}, language = {en} } @article{WieseFreywaldSchalowskietal.2012, author = {Wiese, Heike and Freywald, Ulrike and Schalowski, Soeren and Mayr, Katharina}, title = {The neighborhood-German corpus spontaneous language data from young urban residential areas}, series = {Deutsche Sprache : ds ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Theorie, Praxis, Dokumentation}, volume = {40}, journal = {Deutsche Sprache : ds ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Theorie, Praxis, Dokumentation}, number = {2}, publisher = {E. Schmidt}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0340-9341}, pages = {97 -- 123}, year = {2012}, language = {de} } @article{Wiemann2012, author = {Wiemann, Dirk}, title = {Mundus senescit : is Tolkien's Medievalism Victorian or Modernist?}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @article{Wiemann2012, author = {Wiemann, Dirk}, title = {What will count as the world : Indian short-story cycles and the question of genre}, isbn = {978-0-415-53960-9}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @article{Widdau2012, author = {Widdau, Christoph Sebastian}, title = {Der vielseitige Autor : Machen sie es konkret!; Der Autor Raimund Kr{\"a}mer}, isbn = {978-3-86956-167-7}, year = {2012}, language = {de} } @article{WessigMoellnitz2012, author = {Wessig, Pablo and M{\"o}llnitz, Kristian}, title = {Building blocks for oligospiroketal (OSK) rods and evaluation of their influence on rod rigidity}, series = {The journal of organic chemistry}, volume = {77}, journal = {The journal of organic chemistry}, number = {8}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0022-3263}, doi = {10.1021/jo300266b}, pages = {3907 -- 3920}, year = {2012}, abstract = {We report on the synthesis of three new sleeves and their incorporation in OSK rods. The structures of these sleeves are based on neo-inositol, terephthalaldehyde diacetals, and indacene. To quantify the influence of the sleeves on rod rigidity, we applied the worm-like chain (WLC) model on the new rods and found that this approach is rather disappointing. As the chief cause of this result, we assume that the rigidity of typical molecular rods largely exceeds the rigidity of polymers, which were successfully described by the WLC model. Alternatively, we suggest quantifying the rigidity of molecular rods by fitting an empirical function on the end-to-end distance distribution curve obtained by MD simulations. After checking various function types, the Levy-Martin function proved to be most suitable for this purpose. On the basis of this function, we defined the Levy-Martin parameter and suggest using this parameter for the characterization of the rigidity of molecular rods.}, language = {en} } @article{WertheimerStGeorgesRobillardLerougeetal.2012, author = {Wertheimer, Michael R. and St-Georges-Robillard, Amelie and Lerouge, Sophie and Mwale, Fackson and Elkin, Bentsian and Oehr, Christian and Wirges, Werner and Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {Amine-rich organic thin films for cell culture - possible electrostatic effects in cell-surface interactions}, series = {Japanese journal of applied physics}, volume = {51}, journal = {Japanese journal of applied physics}, number = {11}, publisher = {Japan Soc. of Applied Physics}, address = {Tokyo}, issn = {0021-4922}, doi = {10.1143/JJAP.51.11PJ04}, pages = {5}, year = {2012}, abstract = {In recent communications from these laboratories, we observed that amine-rich thin organic layers are very efficient surfaces for the adhesion of mammalian cells. We prepare such deposits by plasma polymerization at low pressure, atmospheric pressure, or by vacuum-ultraviolet photo-polymerization. More recently, we have also investigated a commercially available material, Parylene diX AM. In this article we first briefly introduce literature relating to electrostatic interactions between cells, proteins, and charged surfaces. We then present certain selected cell-response results that pertain to applications in orthopedic and cardiovascular medicine: we discuss the influence of surface properties on the observed behaviors of two particular cell lines, human U937 monocytes, and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Particular emphasis is placed on possible electrostatic attractive forces due to positively charged R-NH3+ groups and negatively charged proteins and cells, respectively. Experiments carried out with electrets, polymers with high positive or negative surface potentials are added for comparison.}, language = {en} } @article{WernetKunnusSchrecketal.2012, author = {Wernet, Philippe and Kunnus, Kristjan and Schreck, Simon and Quevedo, Wilson and Kurian, Reshmi and Techert, Simone and de Groot, Frank M. F. and Odelius, Michael and F{\"o}hlisch, Alexander}, title = {Dissecting local atomic and intermolecular interactions of transition-metal ions in solution with selective X-ray spectroscopy}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry letters}, volume = {3}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry letters}, number = {23}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1948-7185}, doi = {10.1021/jz301486u}, pages = {3448 -- 3453}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Determining covalent and charge-transfer contributions to bonding in solution has remained an experimental challenge. Here, the quenching of fluorescence decay channels as expressed in dips in the L-edge X-ray spectra of solvated 3d transition-metal ions and complexes was reported as a probe. With a full set of experimental and theoretical ab initio L-edge X-ray spectra of aqueous Cr3+, including resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, we address covalency and charge transfer for this prototypical transition-metal ion in solution. We dissect local atomic effects from intermolecular interactions and quantify X-ray optical effects. We find no evidence for the asserted ultrafast charge transfer to the solvent and show that the dips are readily explained by X-ray optical effects and local atomic state dependence of the fluorescence yield. Instead, we find, besides ionic interactions, a covalent contribution to the bonding in the aqueous complex of ligand-to-metal charge-transfer character.}, language = {en} } @article{WenglarczykWeiseHeide2012, author = {Wenglarczyk, Anke and Weise, Stefanie and Heide, Judith}, title = {Mapping-Therapie mit reversiblen Passivs{\"a}tzen bei einer Patientin mit Agrammatismus}, year = {2012}, language = {de} } @article{WendtMolaro2012, author = {Wendt, Martin and Molaro, P.}, title = {QSO 0347-383 and the invariance of m(p)/m(e) in the course of cosmic time}, series = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, volume = {541}, journal = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, number = {3}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Les Ulis}, issn = {0004-6361}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201218862}, pages = {8}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Context. The variation of the dimensionless fundamental physical constant mu = m(p)/m(e) - the proton to electron mass ratio - can be constrained via observation of Lyman and Werner lines of molecular hydrogen in the spectra of damped Lyman alpha systems (DLAs) in the line of sight to distant QSOs. Aims. Our intention is to maximize the possible precision of quasar absorption spectroscopy with regard to the investigation of the variation of the proton-to-electron mass-ratio mu. The demand for precision requires an understanding of the errors involved and effective techniques to handle present systematic errors. Methods. An analysis based on UVES high resolution data sets of QSO 0347-383 and its DLA is put forward and new approaches to some of the steps involved in the data analysis are introduced. We apply corrections for the observed offsets between discrete spectra and for the first time we find indications for inter-order distortions. Results. Drawing on VLT-UVES observations of QSO 0347-383 in 2009 our analysis yields Delta mu/mu = (4.3 +/- 7.2) x 10(-6) at z(abs) = 3.025. Conclusions. Current analyzes tend to underestimate the impact of systematic errors. Based on the scatter of the measured redshifts and the corresponding low significance of the redshift-sensitivity correlation we estimate the limit of accuracy of line position measurements to similar to 220 m s (1), consisting of roughly 150 m s (1) due to the uncertainty of the absorption line fit and about 150 m s (1) allocated to systematics related to instrumentation and calibration.}, language = {en} } @article{WendeWojtkiewiczMarschalletal.2012, author = {Wende, Wolfgang and Wojtkiewicz, Wera and Marschall, Ilke and Heiland, Stefan and Lipp, Torsten and Reinke, Markus and Schaal, Peter and Schmidt, Catrin}, title = {Putting the plan into practice implementation of proposals for measures of local landscape plans}, series = {Landscape research}, volume = {37}, journal = {Landscape research}, number = {4}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0142-6397}, doi = {10.1080/01426397.2011.592575}, pages = {483 -- 500}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The knowledge of the effectiveness of local landscape planning in Germany is in the main limited to particular cases and derives mostly from qualitative single case studies. This applies especially to the implementation of measures defined by landscape plans. To fill that gap, the paper focuses on the implementation of those measures. Furthermore, it discusses the factors and framework conditions which are crucial for this implementation. The potential factors and conditions of influence were derived from theory and compiled in 20 investigation hypotheses. In order to gain information on the execution of the measures, 28 randomly selected plans were first analysed, then interviews were carried out with administration representatives. It can be stated that landscape planning has positively influenced the development of nature and landscape in the investigated municipalities. A considerable number of measures had been implemented, although landscape planning as a supply-side instrument proposes generally a very large number of measures. Factors with a positive effect on the implementation of landscape planning measures are pointed out.}, language = {en} } @article{Wels2012, author = {Wels, Volkhard}, title = {Zwischen Spiritualismus, Hermetik und lutherischer "Orthodoxie"}, series = {Zeitspr{\"u}nge : Forschungen zur Fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, volume = {16}, journal = {Zeitspr{\"u}nge : Forschungen zur Fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit}, number = {3/4}, publisher = {Klostermann}, address = {Frankfurt, M.}, issn = {1431-7451}, pages = {243 -- 284}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Der Aufsatz bietet eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Hans-Georg Kempers Konzeption der Geschichte der Lyrik in der Fr{\"u}hen Neuzeit. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Bedeutung der lutherischen "Orthodoxie" und der Hermetik.}, language = {de} } @article{WellsO'HaraBoehmetal.2012, author = {Wells, Konstans and O'Hara, R. B. and Boehm, S. M. and Gockel, Sonja and Hemp, Andreas and Renner, S. C. and Pfeiffer, S. and Boehning-Gaese, Katrin and Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.}, title = {Trait-dependent occupancy dynamics of birds in temperate forest landscapes fine-scale observations in a hierarchical multi-species framework}, series = {Animal conservation}, volume = {15}, journal = {Animal conservation}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1367-9430}, doi = {10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00560.x}, pages = {626 -- 637}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Silvicultural practices lead to changes in forest composition and structure and may impact species diversity from the overall regional species pool to stand-level species occurrence. We explored to what extent fine-scale occupancy patterns in differently managed forest stands are driven by environment and ecological traits in three regions in Germany using a multi-species hierarchical model. We tested for the possible impact of environmental variables and ecological traits on occupancy dynamics in a joint modelling exercise while taking possible variation in coefficient estimates over years and plots into account. Bird species richness differed across regions and years, and trends in species richness across years were different in the three regions. On the species level, forest management affected occupancy of species in all regions, but only 35\% of the total assemblage-level variation in occurrence probability was explained by either forest type and successional stage and