@article{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Adverbal expression of aspectuality and interaction with perfective and imperfective verbs},
  series = {Russian Grammar: System - Usus - Variation/Русская грамматика: Cистема - узус - варьирование},
  journal   = {Russian Grammar: System - Usus - Variation/Русская грамматика: Cистема - узус - варьирование},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-87748-7},
  pages     = {219 -- 234},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This paper intends to explore the interaction between aspect and lexical means, in this case temporal adverbials, in the bounding of representations of situations. First, the theoretical basis is outlined, followed by the results of a corpus analysis of coccurrences with adverbs that limit situations. The term situation encompasses all representable processes, states, events, or actions. Finally, some theoretical conclusions are drawn concerning the cognitive category of bounding, using the example of aspectuality. The imperfective verb forms maintain their aspectuality in delimiting connections with adverbs, resulting in a complex, multi-dimensional aspectuality. In nongrammaticalized forms, such as lexical markers, the speaker is free to make a temporal localization or an aspectual perspective. Lexical expressions can make temporal and aspect markings even more precisely and clearly than tenses. They can also limit or extend situations and thus express aspect. Aspectuality thus presents itself as a compositional category, in which external bounding and the internal representation of a course of action or development can interact.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Hassler2022,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {La conciencia ling{\"u}{\´i}stica y la realidad de la lengua espa{\~n}ola en el cambio del siglo XVIII al XIX},
  series = {Mundos del hispanismo - una cartograf{\´i}a para el siglo XXI: AIH Jerusal{\´e}n 2019},
  booktitle = {Mundos del hispanismo - una cartograf{\´i}a para el siglo XXI: AIH Jerusal{\´e}n 2019},
  publisher = {Vervuert},
  address   = {Frankfurt am Main},
  isbn      = {978-84-9192-282-7},
  doi       = {https://doi.org/10.31819/9783968693002_062},
  pages     = {117 -- 132},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {es}
}
@incollection{Hassler2022,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Aspectual periphrases in Romance languages in contact with the English progressive form},
  series = {Linguistic Hybridity. Contact-induced and cognitively motivated grammaticalization and lexicalization processes in Romance Languages},
  booktitle = {Linguistic Hybridity. Contact-induced and cognitively motivated grammaticalization and lexicalization processes in Romance Languages},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Winter},
  address   = {Heidelberg},
  isbn      = {978-3-8253-4936-3},
  pages     = {215 -- 229},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Hassler2022,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Meaning and Function},
  series = {Concordia discors vs. discordia concors : researches into comparative literature, contrastive linguistics, translation and cross-cultural strategies},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Concordia discors vs. discordia concors : researches into comparative literature, contrastive linguistics, translation and cross-cultural strategies},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Ştefan cel Mare University Press},
  address   = {Suceava},
  issn      = {2065-4057},
  pages     = {17 -- 50},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The use of the word functional in the most diverse theories and approaches has contributed in no small measure to the confusion in linguistics today. This article does not claim to give an overview of the different directions of functionalism in linguistics. Rather, the aim is to present what Coseriu's view characterised as functional in his time and to what extent his theory outlined a path that still makes sense in functional-cognitive linguistics today. This will involve an examination of Coseriu's difficult-to-identify concept of function. Furthermore, the article will also show that functional thinking is relevant for current grammatography.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {L'ellipse - un principe d'explication syntaxique et pragmatique dans l'histoire de la linguistique et dans des th{\´e}ories modernes},
  series = {R{\´e}duction - densification - {\´e}lision. Formes r{\´e}duites et leurs fonctions},
  volume    = {2021},
  booktitle = {R{\´e}duction - densification - {\´e}lision. Formes r{\´e}duites et leurs fonctions},
  publisher = {Nodus},
  address   = {M{\"u}nster},
  isbn      = {978-3-89323-025-9},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {125 -- 141},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {fr}
}
@incollection{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {L'expression de l'{\´e}vidence directe en fran{\c{c}}ais},
  series = {De la diachronie {\`a} la synchronie et vice versa. M{\´e}langes offerts {\`a} Annie Bertin par ses {\´e}tudiants et ses amis en remerciement pour son apport aux {\´e}tudes diachroniques},
  booktitle = {De la diachronie {\`a} la synchronie et vice versa. M{\´e}langes offerts {\`a} Annie Bertin par ses {\´e}tudiants et ses amis en remerciement pour son apport aux {\´e}tudes diachroniques},
  publisher = {Presses universitaires Savoie Mont Blanc},
  address   = {Savoie},
  isbn      = {978-2-37741-069-9},
  pages     = {423 -- 440},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {fr}
}
@misc{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Ein goldenes Jahrhundert der vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft in Deutschland und sein Prolog},
  series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {129 -- 164},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {A polifonia na fala prof{\´e}tica parodiada e na mudan{\c{c}}a de perspetiva},
  series = {Contactos lingu{\´i}sticos na sequ{\^e}ncia da expans{\~a}o portuguesa},
  booktitle = {Contactos lingu{\´i}sticos na sequ{\^e}ncia da expans{\~a}o portuguesa},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-80722-4},
  pages     = {205 -- 220},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {pt}
}
@book{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Contactos lingu{\´i}sticos na sequ{\^e}ncia da expans{\~a}o portuguesa},
  series = {Iberolinguistica ; Band 5},
  journal   = {Iberolinguistica ; Band 5},
  editor    = {Haßler, Gerda and Sch{\"a}fer-Prieß, Barbara},
  publisher = {Peter Lang},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-80722-4},
  pages     = {220},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Como povo mar{\´i}timo que no s{\´e}culo XV iniciou a expans{\~a}o atl{\^a}ntica europeia, os portugueses entraram cedo em contacto com muitas culturas e l{\´i}nguas diferentes. O contacto entre as l{\´i}nguas fez surgir varia{\c{c}}{\~o}es, o que atualmente se traduz numa polifonia no espa{\c{c}}o lingu{\´i}stico lus{\´o}fono e em cujo desenvolvimento ocorreram v{\´a}rios processos de transforma{\c{c}}{\~a}o.},
  language  = {pt}
}
@incollection{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {M{\"o}glichkeiten und Grenzen der Konstruktionsgrammatik am Beispiel der Erkl{\"a}rung der Polysemie},
  series = {Konstruktionsgrammatische Zug{\"a}nge zu romanischen Sprachen},
  booktitle = {Konstruktionsgrammatische Zug{\"a}nge zu romanischen Sprachen},
  publisher = {Frank \& Timme},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-7329-0741-0},
  pages     = {335 -- 365},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Die Konzepte ‛brevitas' und ‛prolixitas' in der franz{\"o}sischen Encyclop{\´e}die},
  series = {Brevitas \& Prolixitas},
  booktitle = {Brevitas \& Prolixitas},
  publisher = {Nodus Publikationen},
  address   = {M{\"u}nster},
  isbn      = {978-3-89323-817-0},
  pages     = {55 -- 68},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {La integraci{\´o}n del concepto de «aspectualidad» en gram{\´a}ticas espa{\~n}olas},
  series = {Reuni{\´o}n del Grupo Gram{\´a}tica descriptiva e historiograf{\´i}a de la gram{\´a}tica espa{\~n}ola (GramHisGram) (Salamanca, 21.-22. Februar 2020)},
  journal   = {Reuni{\´o}n del Grupo Gram{\´a}tica descriptiva e historiograf{\´i}a de la gram{\´a}tica espa{\~n}ola (GramHisGram) (Salamanca, 21.-22. Februar 2020)},
  publisher = {Universidad de Salamanca},
  address   = {Salamanca},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {es}
}
@incollection{Hassler2021,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {L'expression adverbiale de l'aspectualit{\´e} et son interaction avec des formes verbales},
  series = {Actes du XXIXe Congr{\`e}s international de linguistique et de philologie romanes (Copenhague, 1-6 juillet 2019)},
  booktitle = {Actes du XXIXe Congr{\`e}s international de linguistique et de philologie romanes (Copenhague, 1-6 juillet 2019)},
  publisher = {{\´E}ditions de Linguistique et de philologie (ELiPhi)},
  address   = {Strasbourg},
  isbn      = {978-2-37276-053-9},
  pages     = {431 -- 442},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Le tournant s{\´e}miotique du d{\´e}but du XX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle},
  series = {Historiographia Linguistica},
  volume    = {46},
  journal   = {Historiographia Linguistica},
  number    = {1-2},
  publisher = {John Benjamins Publishing Co.},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0302-5160},
  doi       = {10.1075/hl.00039.has},
  pages     = {85 -- 100},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Le centenaire de la publication du Cours de linguistique g{\´e}n{\´e}rale (1916) de Ferdinand de Saussure nous a invit{\´e} {\`a} reconsid{\´e}rer l'importance de cet ouvrage et le r{\^o}le de son auteur pour la fondation d'une linguistique int{\´e}gr{\´e}e dans une s{\´e}miologie. Il n'y a aucun doute que cet auteur fut extr{\^e}mement important pour le d{\´e}veloppement de la linguistique structurale en Europe et qu'avec son concept du signe linguistique il a fait œuvre de pionnier pour le tournant s{\´e}miologique. Mais l'accueil favorable d'une th{\´e}orie dans le milieu scientifique ne s'explique pas seulement par sa qualit{\´e} int{\´e}rieure, mais par plusieurs conditions ext{\´e}rieures. Ces conditions seront analys{\´e}es sur trois plans: (1) l'arriv{\´e}e de la m{\´e}thode des n{\´e}ogrammairiens {\`a} ses limites qui incitait alors {\`a} l'{\´e}tude de l'unit{\´e} du signifiant et du signifi{\´e}; (2) la simplification et l'outrance de la pens{\´e}e structurale dans le Cours, publi{\´e} en 1916 par Charles Bally et Albert Sechehaye et (3) la pr{\´e}paration de la r{\´e}ception de la pens{\´e}e s{\´e}miologique par plusieurs travaux parall{\`e}les.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Theory of signs and ideas on the relation between language and thought at the border between the 18th and 19th centuries},
  series = {Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta. Jazyk i literatura},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta. Jazyk i literatura},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {St. Petersburg University Press},
  address   = {Sankt-Peterburg},
  issn      = {2541-9358},
  doi       = {10.21638/spbu09.2019.308},
  pages     = {463 -- 479},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The name Ideologues refers to a group of philosophers, psychologists, grammarians, educational theorists and medical specialists who for a short period from 1795 to 1805 determined the intellectual climate in France and sought to develop a science of ideas (id{\´e}ologie). The Ideologues had a rather reserved attitude to Condillac's (1714-1780) ideas and his sensualist sign theory. They strove for the perfection of language for the needs of thought and of scientific knowledge. The connections with the Ideologues can also be discerned in Russia. In the educational theory, Jean-Baptiste Maudru (1740-1808) was close to the Ideologues and, despite his insufficient knowledge of the Russian language, made some interesting remarks on the connection between the language and the national character. According to Maudru and in agreement with the Ideologues, different typologies of word order are not just an indication of greater or lesser closeness to the natural order. Rather, they indicate differences in national character, which manifest themselves in the specific character of individual languages. Maudru taught at the military academy in Saint Petersburg and published the first Russian grammar in France (Maudru 1802). In his grammar, he sought to link mechanically the specific features of languages and of national characters with the climatic influences. His attempt to revive the theory of climatic influences was criticized by Karamzin. Karamzin also treated the discussion of the metaphoric extension of word meanings as an absurd undertaking, which had no place in grammar.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LohwasserHasslerBehrmannetal.2003,
  author    = {Lohwaßer, Roswitha and Haßler, Gerda and Behrmann, G{\"u}nter C. and Schulz, Burkhard and Mieske, Silvio},
  title     = {Portal = Knappe Kassen: Was das akademische Jahr bringt},
  volume    = {2003},
  organization    = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam, Referat f{\"u}r Presse- und {\"O}ffentlichkeitsarbeit},
  issn      = {1618-6893},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50226},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-502262},
  pages     = {40},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Aus dem Inhalt: - Knappe Kassen: Was das akademische Jahr bringt - Sparkasse finanziert Stiftungsprofessur - Chipkarte ersetzt Studentenausweis aus Papier - Unikonzert im Potsdamer Nikolaisaal},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Humboldts Konzept einer sprachlichen Weltansicht und seine Stellung in der Geschichte des sprachlichen Relativismus},
  series = {Aesthetics and Politics in Wilhelm von Humboldt},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Aesthetics and Politics in Wilhelm von Humboldt},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Universit{\`a} di Pisa},
  address   = {Pisa},
  issn      = {2465-1060},
  pages     = {21 -- 63},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The idea of a linguistic worldview was clearly expressed in German national romantic thought of the early 19th century, where language was seen as the expression of the spirit of a nation. Wilhelm von Humboldt argued that every language shaped the world-view of its speakers, but he also saw a possibility to improve human knowledge in the co-action of languages. The idea of linguistic relativity can be found in John Locke's statement that words interpose themselves between our understandings and the truth which it would contemplate and apprehend. In the 18th century, we can find formulations that our language accustoms us to arrange our ideas in a specific way, that some languages are more suitable for certain kinds of thought, or that metaphors have significant influence on peoples' thought. In the 20thcentury the Neo-Humboldtian school revitalised the idea of an influence of language on thought in a reductionist way. At the end of the 20th century, some authors, for example John J. Gumperz and Stephen C. Levinson, tried to rethink linguistic relativity and to prove it by empirical results.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Rezension zu: De Palo, Marina: Saussure e gli strutturalismi : il soggetto parlante nel pensiero linguistico del Novecento / Prefazione de Tullio de Mauro. - Roma: Carocci, 2016, 314 S. - (Studi Superiori ; 1044). - ISBN 978-88-430-8205-6},
  series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft},
  volume    = {30},
  journal   = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {317 -- 327},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {it}
}
@incollection{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Unterschiedliche Darstellungsperspektiven von Konflikten},
  series = {Demokratie- und Europabildung. Krisen und Konflikte und deren didaktisches Potential f{\"u}r den Fremdsprachenunterricht Franz{\"o}sisch},
  booktitle = {Demokratie- und Europabildung. Krisen und Konflikte und deren didaktisches Potential f{\"u}r den Fremdsprachenunterricht Franz{\"o}sisch},
  publisher = {WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag},
  address   = {Trier},
  isbn      = {978-3-86821-870-1},
  pages     = {23 -- 38},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Aus Freude an der Sprache},
  series = {Romanistik als Passion : Sternstunden der neueren Fachgeschichte VII},
  booktitle = {Romanistik als Passion : Sternstunden der neueren Fachgeschichte VII},
  publisher = {Lit},
  address   = {Wien},
  isbn      = {978-3-643-51010-5},
  pages     = {191 -- 206},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Le tournant dans l'enseignement des langues {\´e}trang{\`e}res chez Wilhelm Vi{\"e}tor dans le contexte linguistique de l'{\´e}poque},
  series = {Documents pour l'histoire du fran{\c{c}}ais langue {\´e}trang{\`e}re ou seconde : revue semestrielle},
  journal   = {Documents pour l'histoire du fran{\c{c}}ais langue {\´e}trang{\`e}re ou seconde : revue semestrielle},
  number    = {64-65},
  publisher = {SIHFLES},
  address   = {Paris},
  issn      = {0992-7654},
  pages     = {75 -- 94},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {fr}
}
@incollection{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Die Kontinuit{\"a}t der Remarqueurs im Internet},
  series = {Fehler - Abweichung - Variation. Sprachnormen aus linguistischer und didaktischer Sicht},
  booktitle = {Fehler - Abweichung - Variation. Sprachnormen aus linguistischer und didaktischer Sicht},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-81819-0},
  pages     = {15 -- 37},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Pr{\´e}sentation},
  series = {Collocations et traditions discursives Actes du Colloque du Coll{\`e}ge Doctoral Franco-allemand (CDFA) tenu {\`a} l'Universit{\´e} de Potsdam le 4 juillet 2018 (Linx : revue des linguistes de l'Universit{\´e} Paris Ouest Nanterre La D{\´e}fense)},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {Collocations et traditions discursives Actes du Colloque du Coll{\`e}ge Doctoral Franco-allemand (CDFA) tenu {\`a} l'Universit{\´e} de Potsdam le 4 juillet 2018 (Linx : revue des linguistes de l'Universit{\´e} Paris Ouest Nanterre La D{\´e}fense)},
  number    = {13},
  editor    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  issn      = {2118-9692},
  doi       = {10.4000/linx.3842},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {The Functional-Communicative Approach to Language of the Potsdam School in the German Democratic Republic},
  series = {History of Humanities},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {History of Humanities},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {The University of Chicago Press Journals},
  address   = {Chicago},
  issn      = {2379-3163},
  pages     = {31 -- 49},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Pasigraf{\´i}a y antipasigraf{\´i}a a finales del siglo XVIII y a principios del siglo XIX},
  volume    = {41},
  editor    = {Calero Vaquerao, Mar{\´i}a Luisa},
  publisher = {Infoling},
  address   = {Barcelona},
  issn      = {1139-8736},
  pages     = {169 -- 192},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In 1797 a rather short work appeared in Paris in two volumes, under the title Pasigraphie in both its French and German versions. The author, Joseph de Maimieux (1753-1820), is said to have coined the term pasigraphie. With the invention of pasigraphy, Maimieux pursued the goal of creating a conceptually based writing system that could be applied to all languages. In this way, a text written in this script could be read in all languages. The pasigraphic system is based on an a priori system of conceptual classification to which written characters are assigned. It is therefore initially an exclusively written language, on which Maimieux two years later also built a spoken language with the Pasilalie. The first arguments against the endeavour represented by the Pasigraphie were brought forward by Maimieux' immediate contemporaries, the ideologues. These objections were re-affirmed in particular by Johann Severin Vater. The decisive difference between Maimieux and his critics lies in the determination of the role of signs in the formation of concepts. While for Maimieux the signs only name the finished concepts, his critics argued that signs have a function in the constitution of the concepts. A universal language is therefore ultimately not possible, since there are no universal concepts and the individual languages lead to different conceptual structures.},
  language  = {es}
}
@incollection{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Kollokationen in der Pressesprache und in politischen Reden},
  series = {Dynamische Approximationen. Festschriftliches p{\"u}nktlichst zu Eva Lavrics 62,5. Geburtstag},
  booktitle = {Dynamische Approximationen. Festschriftliches p{\"u}nktlichst zu Eva Lavrics 62,5. Geburtstag},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Berlin, Bern},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-79973-4},
  doi       = {10.3726/b16043},
  pages     = {351 -- 369},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Hassler2016,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {French in the Baroque and Enlightenment. Studies on the Linguistic Thinking in Germany in the 17th and 18th Centuries},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\~A}¼r Romanische Philologie},
  volume    = {132},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\~A}¼r Romanische Philologie},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {0049-8661},
  doi       = {10.1515/zrp-2016-0014},
  pages     = {279 -- 286},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Modalit{\´e} et polyphonie},
  series = {Quinze {\´e}tudes de cas sur les modalit{\´e}s linguistiques / Fifteen Case Studies on Types of Linguistic Modalities},
  volume    = {{\´E}pilogos},
  journal   = {Quinze {\´e}tudes de cas sur les modalit{\´e}s linguistiques / Fifteen Case Studies on Types of Linguistic Modalities},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Universit{\´e} de Rouen Normandie},
  address   = {Rouen},
  isbn      = {978-2-919501-07-6},
  pages     = {183 -- 200},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Dans cette {\´e}tude du grec ancien, nous souhaitons souligner deux particularit{\´e}s peu remarqu{\´e}es de l'adjectif verbal en -τέος, toutes deux li{\´e}es {\`a} la modalit{\´e} d{\´e}ontique. L'une concerne la possibilit{\´e} rare de trouver l'adjectif verbal d'obligation avec la n{\´e}gation non assertive μή, alors que la tr{\`e}s grande majorit{\´e} des occurrences n{\´e}gatives comporte la n{\´e}gation assertive οὐ. L'autre est li{\´e}e {\`a} l'emploi au potentiel de cet adjectif verbal d'obligation : dans ces {\´e}nonc{\´e}s, se pose la question de la combinaison entre la modalit{\´e} du potentiel et la modalit{\´e} d{\´e}ontique de l'adjectif verbal. Il nous semble que ces deux particularit{\´e}s peu fr{\´e}quentes sont r{\´e}v{\´e}latrices du fonctionnement de la modalit{\´e} d{\´e}ontique dans l'adjectif verbal d'obligation {\`a} l'{\´e}poque classique (X{\´e}nophon et Platon en font ainsi un usage abondant).},
  language  = {fr}
}
@incollection{HasslerBoehm2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda and B{\"o}hm, Ver{\´o}nica Julia},
  title     = {La integraci{\´o}n de la aspectualidad como categor{\´i}a sem{\´a}ntico-funcional en la ling{\"u}{\´i}stica espa{\~n}ola},
  series = {Clases y categor{\´i}as en la sem{\´a}ntica del espa{\~n}ol y sus interfaces},
  volume    = {2019},
  booktitle = {Clases y categor{\´i}as en la sem{\´a}ntica del espa{\~n}ol y sus interfaces},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin, Boston},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-063362-7},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {195 -- 216},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Hassler2020,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Sprache als Epiph{\"a}nomen in der Geschichte der Sprachwissenschaft},
  series = {Per la storia della linguistica. Saggi in onore di Giorgio Graffi per il suo 70esimo compleanno = Blityri. Studi di storia delle idee sui segni e le lingue VIII, 1-2 (2019)},
  volume    = {VIII /2019},
  journal   = {Per la storia della linguistica. Saggi in onore di Giorgio Graffi per il suo 70esimo compleanno = Blityri. Studi di storia delle idee sui segni e le lingue VIII, 1-2 (2019)},
  number    = {1-2},
  publisher = {Edizioni ETS},
  address   = {Pisa},
  isbn      = {88-467-5675-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-441580},
  pages     = {191 -- 206},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The notion of 'epiphenomenon' is usually used to exclude certain aspects of a scientific object because they are considered to be deduced from others. In linguistics, restrictions of the research object were made, invoking the notion of 'epiphenomenon', which was partially done with a polemical attitude, and was always responded to polemically. The best-known definition of languages as an epiphenomenon is that proposed by Chomsky, who declared that the specific realisations of language do not warrant scientific attention, but there were early relegations of properties of individual languages to the domain of an epiphenomenon of grammar, to the domain of an art and not a science. These relegations from a certain point of abstraction did advance theories of language, even though they took a point of abstraction that did not correspond to the complexity of language.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {La r{\´e}ception du Cours de linguistique g{\´e}n{\´e}rale en Allemagne et en Espagne},
  series = {H{\´e}ritages, r{\´e}ceptions, {\´e}coles en sciences du langage : avant et apr{\`e}s Saussure},
  booktitle = {H{\´e}ritages, r{\´e}ceptions, {\´e}coles en sciences du langage : avant et apr{\`e}s Saussure},
  publisher = {Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle},
  address   = {Paris},
  isbn      = {978-237-906-030-4},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {191 -- 199},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Le G{\´e}nie de la langue et le Geist der Sprache Relations entre la France et l'Allemagne dans l'{\´e}volution d'une notion normative vers un concept philosophique},
  series = {Les linguistes allemands du XIX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle et leurs interlocuteurs {\´e}trangers},
  booktitle = {Les linguistes allemands du XIX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle et leurs interlocuteurs {\´e}trangers},
  publisher = {{\´E}ditions de la Soci{\´e}t{\´e} de Linguistique de Paris},
  address   = {Paris},
  isbn      = {978-2-9570894-0-6},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {9 -- 30},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {fr}
}
@incollection{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Aspektualit{\"a}t und Aspekt in {\"U}bersetzungen zwischen romanischen Sprachen und dem Deutschen},
  series = {Comparatio delectat III. Akten der VIII. Internationalen Arbeitstagung zum romanisch-deutschen und innerromanischen Sprachvergleich, Innsbruck, 29.8.-1.9.2016 : Teil: 2. Band},
  volume    = {2019},
  booktitle = {Comparatio delectat III. Akten der VIII. Internationalen Arbeitstagung zum romanisch-deutschen und innerromanischen Sprachvergleich, Innsbruck, 29.8.-1.9.2016 : Teil: 2. Band},
  editor    = {Lavric, Eva and Konecny, Christine and Konzett-Firth, Carmen and P{\"o}ckl, Wolfgang and Messner, Monika and Jacinto Garcia, Eduardo},
  publisher = {Peter Lang},
  address   = {Frankfurt am Main et al.},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-76805-1},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {721 -- 739},
  year      = {2019},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2017,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {La pr{\´e}sence du fran{\c{c}}ais et des Fran{\c{c}}ais {\`a} Berlin au XVIII{\`e}me si{\`e}cle : contexte culturel et influence linguistique},
  series = {Traductions et contextes, contextes de la traduction},
  booktitle = {Traductions et contextes, contextes de la traduction},
  publisher = {L'Harmattan},
  address   = {Paris},
  isbn      = {978-2-343-13838-1},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {95 -- 123},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Le tournant s{\´e}miotique du d{\´e}but du XX{\`e}me si{\`e}cle},
  series = {Historiographia Linguistica},
  volume    = {46},
  journal   = {Historiographia Linguistica},
  number    = {1-2},
  publisher = {Benjamins},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0302-5160},
  doi       = {10.1075/hl.00039.has},
  pages     = {85 -- 100},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Le centenaire de la publication du Cours de linguistique g{\´e}n{\´e}rale (1916) de Ferdinand de Saussure nous a invit{\´e} {\`a} reconsid{\´e}rer l'importance de cet ouvrage et le r{\^o}le de son auteur pour la fondation d'une linguistique int{\´e}gr{\´e}e dans une s{\´e}miologie. Il n'y a aucun doute que cet auteur fut extr{\^e}mement important pour le d{\´e}veloppement de la linguistique structurale en Europe et qu'avec son concept du signe linguistique il a fait œuvre de pionnier pour le tournant s{\´e}miologique. Mais l'accueil favorable d'une th{\´e}orie dans le milieu scientifique ne s'explique pas seulement par sa qualit{\´e} int{\´e}rieure, mais par plusieurs conditions ext{\´e}rieures. Ces conditions seront analys{\´e}es sur trois plans: (1) l'arriv{\´e}e de la m{\´e}thode des n{\´e}ogrammairiens {\`a} ses limites qui incitait alors {\`a} l'{\´e}tude de l'unit{\´e} du signifiant et du signifi{\´e}; (2) la simplification et l'outrance de la pens{\´e}e structurale dans le Cours, publi{\´e} en 1916 par Charles Bally et Albert Sechehaye et (3) la pr{\´e}paration de la r{\´e}ception de la pens{\´e}e s{\´e}miologique par plusieurs travaux parall{\`e}les.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@incollection{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {La explicacion ideologica del uso del preterito perfecto compuesto y la realidad ling{\"u}{\´i}stica},
  series = {Aspectos actuales del hispanismo mundial Literatura — Cultura — Lengua ; Vol. 1},
  booktitle = {Aspectos actuales del hispanismo mundial Literatura — Cultura — Lengua ; Vol. 1},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin, Boston},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-044861-0},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {522 -- 535},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {es}
}
@incollection{Hassler2019,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {El tratamiento del orden de las palabras en el pensamiento ling{\"u}{\´i}stico de los siglos XVIII y XIX en Espa{\~n}a},
  series = {Historiograf{\´i}a de la reflexi{\´o}n sint{\´a}ctica: metaan{\´a}lisis y estudios en torno al espa{\~n}ol},
  volume    = {2019},
  booktitle = {Historiograf{\´i}a de la reflexi{\´o}n sint{\´a}ctica: metaan{\´a}lisis y estudios en torno al espa{\~n}ol},
  publisher = {LINCOM},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  isbn      = {978-3-86288-961-7},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {225 -- 242},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {El orden de las palabras era un tema muy discutido en los siglos XVII y XVIII en toda Europa. En el siglo XVIII se multiplicaron las objeciones contra la teor{\´i}a del orden natural, aducidas por gram{\´a}ticos, fil{\´o}sofos y literatos, y apoyadas por deliberaciones sobre la interdependencia entre el lenguaje y el pensamiento y reflexiones est{\´e}ticas. En esta contribuci{\´o}n se describir{\´a}n las tendencias generales de la discusi{\´o}n europea antes de pasar a su recepci{\´o}n y su desarrollo en Espa{\~n}a. En esta versi{\´o}n abreviada nos limitaremos al ejemplo de un manuscrito de Luis Marcelino Pereira (1754-1811) para exponer su argumentaci{\´o}n sobre el orden de las palabras, pero en la versi{\´o}n m{\´a}s desarrollada nos ocuparemos del tratamiento del orden de las palabras en varias gram{\´a}ticas castellanas hasta Andr{\´e}s Bello (1781-1865). Pereira indica en su manuscrito [1798-1799] que el orden fijo del ingl{\´e}s y del franc{\´e}s depender{\´i}a del uso obligatorio del pronombre sujeto en estas lenguas. En espa{\~n}ol se puede omitir este pronombre, es posible invertir el orden de las palabras, teniendo en cuenta la intencionalidad del hablante. Tales ideas se destacan desde la perspectiva actual, pero hay que contextualizarlas y explicar su aparici{\´o}n en su tiempo.},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Evidential and epistemic sentence adverbs in Romance languages},
  series = {Linguistik online},
  volume    = {92},
  journal   = {Linguistik online},
  number    = {5},
  issn      = {1615-3014},
  doi       = {10.13092/lo.92.4506},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421822},
  pages     = {82 -- 98},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In this paper evidential and modal adverbs will be studied, such as French apparemment, {\´e}videmment, visiblement, Italian apparentemente, evidentemente, ovviamente, and Spanish aparentemente, evidentemente and visiblemente. The development of their signification will be discussed, including German adverbs like offensichtlich. In these means of expression, the functional-semantic categories evidentiality and epistemic modality seem to overlap: on the one hand, they are used if the state of affairs talked about cannot be verified, that is, if there is still a moment of insecurity concerning the transmitted information. Then adverbials with a special structure (preposition + article + nominal form of a verb) will be analysed, and we will examine if they behave in the same way.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Linguistic relativity and language as epiphenomenon: two contradictory positions},
  series = {Conflu{\^e}ncia. Revista do Instituto de l{\´i}ngua portuguesa},
  volume    = {2018},
  journal   = {Conflu{\^e}ncia. Revista do Instituto de l{\´i}ngua portuguesa},
  number    = {55},
  issn      = {2317-4153},
  doi       = {10.18364/rc.v0i55},
  pages     = {82 -- 98},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The assumption of linguistics relativity and the definition of languages as epiphenomena are certainly known as two contradictory positions from the last century. But I will start my discussion of them in the period of their appearance and then use this as a basis to evaluate the heuristic value of these positions in present day linguistics. I will start with the definition of language as an epiphenomenon and then I will go on with the linguistic relativity. The notion of ʽepiphenomenon' is usually used to exclude certain aspects of a scientific object because they are considered to be deduced from others. In linguistics, restrictions of the research object were made, invoking the notion of ʽepiphenomenonʼ, which was partially done with a polemical attitude, and was always responded to polemically.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Definit oder indefinit?},
  series = {Vivat diversitas - Romania una, linguae multae. Festschrift f{\"u}r Isabel Zollna zum 60. Geburtstag (Kultur - Kommunikation - Kooperation ; Band 21)},
  journal   = {Vivat diversitas - Romania una, linguae multae. Festschrift f{\"u}r Isabel Zollna zum 60. Geburtstag (Kultur - Kommunikation - Kooperation ; Band 21)},
  publisher = {ibidem},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {978-3-8382-0959-3},
  pages     = {85 -- 107},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {La (non)int{\´e}gration de la cat{\´e}gorie d'aspect dans les grammaires fran{\c{c}}aises du XVIIe et du XVIIIe si{\`e}cle et la r{\´e}alit{\´e} de l'usage des temps du pass{\´e}},
  series = {Histoire des langues et histoire des repr{\´e}sentations linguistiques},
  booktitle = {Histoire des langues et histoire des repr{\´e}sentations linguistiques},
  publisher = {Honor{\´e} Champion},
  address   = {Paris},
  isbn      = {978-2-7453-5105-0},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {379 -- 396},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {fr}
}
@inproceedings{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Lokale, personale und temporale Deiktika in franz{\"o}sischen privaten Briefen in Nordamerika (18./19. Jahrhundert)},
  series = {Seitenblicke auf die franz{\"o}sische Sprachgeschichte : Akten der Tagung Franz{\"o}sische Sprachgeschichte an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit{\"a}t M{\"u}nchen (13.-16. Oktober 2016) : Sektionen: Interne Sprachgeschichte, Sprachwissenschaftsgeschichte, Kreolsprachen, Okzitanisch, Semicolti/Peu-lettr{\´e}s, Franz{\"o}sisch außerhalb Frankreichs - Sprachkontakt},
  booktitle = {Seitenblicke auf die franz{\"o}sische Sprachgeschichte : Akten der Tagung Franz{\"o}sische Sprachgeschichte an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit{\"a}t M{\"u}nchen (13.-16. Oktober 2016) : Sektionen: Interne Sprachgeschichte, Sprachwissenschaftsgeschichte, Kreolsprachen, Okzitanisch, Semicolti/Peu-lettr{\´e}s, Franz{\"o}sisch außerhalb Frankreichs - Sprachkontakt},
  editor    = {Sch{\"a}fer-Prieß, Barbara and Sch{\"o}ntag, Roger},
  publisher = {Narr Francke Attempto Verlag},
  address   = {T{\"u}bingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8233-8118-1},
  pages     = {327 -- 343},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Fraseologismos con informaci{\´o}n temporal: entre la normalizaci{\´o}n, fijaci{\´o}n y variaci{\´o}n},
  series = {Como se hacen las unidades fraseol{\´o}gicas: continuidad y renovaci{\´o}n en la diacron{\´i}a del espacio castellano},
  booktitle = {Como se hacen las unidades fraseol{\´o}gicas: continuidad y renovaci{\´o}n en la diacron{\´i}a del espacio castellano},
  editor    = {Elizondo, Maria Teresa Echenique and Schrott, Angela and Pla Colomer, Francisco},
  publisher = {Lang},
  address   = {Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warszawa, Wien},
  isbn      = {978-3-631-76144-1},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {245 -- 260},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Hassler2017,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {La semi{\´o}tica al inicio del siglo XX: condiciones de un cambio en la metodolog{\´i}a ling{\"u}{\´i}stica},
  series = {Bolet{\´i}n de la Sociedad Espa{\~n}ola de Historiograf{\´i}a Ling{\"u}{\´i}stica : BSEHL},
  volume    = {2017},
  journal   = {Bolet{\´i}n de la Sociedad Espa{\~n}ola de Historiograf{\´i}a Ling{\"u}{\´i}stica : BSEHL},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {SEHL},
  address   = {Valladolid},
  issn      = {1695-2030},
  pages     = {105 -- 121},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {El centenario de la publicaci{\´o}n del Curso de ling{\"u}{\´i}stica general (1916) de Saussure nos ha invitado a reexaminar la importancia de esta obra para instaurar una ling{\"u}{\´i}stica integrada en la semiolog{\´i}a. Indudablemente la simplificaci{\´o}n de las ideas de Saussure y la exageraci{\´o}n de su concepto sist{\´e}mico del lenguaje llevadas a cabo por los editores Bally y Sechehaye han contribuido a la acogida exitosa de la obra. En esta contribuci{\´o}n, se propone, primero, introducir el concepto de 'series de textos', antes de analizar una serie "olvidada" y una nueva serie de obras por medio de las cuales se introdujeron conceptos semi{\´o}ticos en la {\´e}poca dominante de la ling{\"u}{\´i}stica hist{\´o}rica. En el an{\´a}lisis de estas dos series se pondr{\´a} el foco en el concepto de la arbitrariedad del signo.},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Relations entre l'aspectualit{\´e} et la modalit{\´e} dans les langues romanes {\´e}tudi{\´e}es {\`a} partir de textes journalistiques},
  series = {Atti del XXVIII Congresso internazionale di linguistica e filologia romanza (Roma, 18-23 luglio 2016)},
  journal   = {Atti del XXVIII Congresso internazionale di linguistica e filologia romanza (Roma, 18-23 luglio 2016)},
  editor    = {Antonelli, Roberto and Glessgen, Martin and Videsott, Paul},
  publisher = {{\´E}ditions de linguistique et de philologie},
  address   = {Strasbourg},
  isbn      = {979-10-91460-34-7},
  pages     = {282 -- 292},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {M{\´e}taphores physiologiques dans le d{\´e}veloppement de la philologie romane},
  series = {Atti del XXVIII Congresso internazionale di linguistica e filologia romanza (Roma, 18-23 luglio 2016)},
  journal   = {Atti del XXVIII Congresso internazionale di linguistica e filologia romanza (Roma, 18-23 luglio 2016)},
  editor    = {Antonelli, Roberto and Glessgen, Martin and Videsott, Paul},
  publisher = {{\´E}ditions de linguistique et de philologie},
  address   = {Strasbourg},
  isbn      = {979-10-91460-34-7},
  pages     = {1647 -- 1659},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {fr}
}
@incollection{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Arbitrariness, Motivation and Value of the Linguistic Sign: Saussurean and Post-Saussurean Perspectives},
  series = {The Cours de Linguistique G{\´e}n{\´e}rale Revisited: 1916-2016. Saussure et le Cours de linguistique g{\´e}n{\´e}rale cent ans apr{\`e}s},
  booktitle = {The Cours de Linguistique G{\´e}n{\´e}rale Revisited: 1916-2016. Saussure et le Cours de linguistique g{\´e}n{\´e}rale cent ans apr{\`e}s},
  editor    = {Rico, Christophe and Kirtchuk, Pablo},
  publisher = {Polis Institute Press},
  address   = {Jerusalem},
  isbn      = {978-9-65769-811-2},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {61 -- 87},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In 1916, three years after the death of Ferdinand de Saussure, the Cours de linguistique g{\´e}n{\´e}rale (CLG) was published in Geneva. This foundational work marked the beginning of a discipline that has profoundly influenced the development of the humanities ever since. What sources influenced the CLG? Do the main concepts of this seminal work have the same validity today as they did in 1916? How has the recent development of language sciences influenced its reception? How does this text account for meaning and communication within the context of speech (parole)? In order to explore these questions, one hundred years after the publication of Ferdinand de Saussure's seminal work on General Linguistics, Polis--The Jerusalem Institute of Languages and Humanities held an interdisciplinary conference that gathered 14 international specialists from various disciplines: general linguistics, pragmatics, philology, dialectology, translation studies, terminology, and philosophy. The first section of this work reassesses the sources and further influence of the CLG on modern linguistics. The book's second part discusses some of the main concepts and dichotomies of the CLG (constitution of the linguistic method, arbitrariness of sign, main dichotomies), under the light of both the original manuscripts and recent linguistic developments (influence of dialectology or translation studies). The third and last part handles the pragmatic and semantic dimensions of language, suggesting new avenues of reflection that could not yet have been fully taken into account within the CLG itself. Uniting 14 scholarly articles, together with an introduction, an index locorum and a collective bibliography, this volume hopes to encourage readers with its reappraisal and reinterpretation of Saussure's ground-breaking work and thus contribute to the future development of linguistics and humanities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Epistemische Verben in Einsch{\"u}ben im Deutschen und in romanischen Sprachen: Parenthesen, grammatikalisierte Modalisatoren oder subordinierte Matrixs{\"a}tze?},
  series = {Parenthetische Einsch{\"u}be},
  booktitle = {Parenthetische Einsch{\"u}be},
  publisher = {Stauffenburg Verlag},
  address   = {T{\"u}bingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-95809-120-7},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {157 -- 173},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Die Beitr{\"a}ge des vorliegenden Bandes tragen der Multidimensionalit{\"a}t und Multifunktionalit{\"a}t parenthetischer Einsch{\"u}be Rechnung, die die internationale linguistische Forschung in den letzten Jahrzenten herausgearbeitet hat. In mehrheitlich korpusgest{\"u}tzten Untersuchungen wird gesprochenes und geschriebenes Deutsch sowie Deutsch kontrastiv zu romanischen Sprachen analysiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Hassler2018,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {History of european vernacular grammar writing},
  series = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics},
  booktitle = {Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics},
  editor    = {Aronoff, Mark and Abbi, Anvita},
  publisher = {Oxford University},
  address   = {New York},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The grammatization of European vernacular languages began in the Late Middle Ages and Renaissance and continued up until the end of the 18th century. Through this process, grammars were written for the vernaculars and, as a result, the vernaculars were able to establish themselves in important areas of communication. Vernacular grammars largely followed the example of those written for Latin, using Latin descriptive categories without fully adapting them to the vernaculars. In accord with the Greco-Latin tradition, the grammars typically contain sections on orthography, prosody, morphology, and syntax, with the most space devoted to the treatment of word classes in the section on "etymology." The earliest grammars of vernaculars had two main goals: on the one hand, making the languages described accessible to non-native speakers, and on the other, supporting the learning of Latin grammar by teaching the grammar of speakers' native languages. Initially, it was considered unnecessary to engage with the grammar of native languages for their own sake, since they were thought to be acquired spontaneously. Only gradually did a need for normative grammars develop which sought to codify languages. This development relied on an awareness of the value of vernaculars that attributed a certain degree of perfection to them. Grammars of indigenous languages in colonized areas were based on those of European languages and today offer information about the early state of those languages, and are indeed sometimes the only sources for now extinct languages. Grammars of vernaculars came into being in the contrasting contexts of general grammar and the grammars of individual languages, between grammar as science and as art and between description and standardization. In the standardization of languages, the guiding principle could either be that of anomaly, which took a particular variety of a language as the basis of the description, or that of analogy, which permitted interventions into a language aimed at making it more uniform.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Hassler2017,
  author    = {Haßler, Gerda},
  title     = {Was ist unbestimmt am indefinido? Antworten aus der Geschichte der spanischen Grammatikographie},
  series = {Streifz{\"u}ge durch die Romania: Festschrift f{\"u}r Gabriele Beck-Busse zum 60. Geburtstag},
  booktitle = {Streifz{\"u}ge durch die Romania: Festschrift f{\"u}r Gabriele Beck-Busse zum 60. Geburtstag},
  editor    = {Loh{\"o}fer, Astrid and S{\"u}selbeck, Kirsten},
  publisher = {ibidem-Verlag},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  isbn      = {978-3-83821-000-1},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {31 -- 52},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {de}
}