@article{FritschKritikosSorgner2015,
  author    = {Fritsch, Michael and Kritikos, Alexander and Sorgner, Alina},
  title     = {Why did self-employment increase so strongly in Germany?},
  series = {Entrepreneurship and regional development},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Entrepreneurship and regional development},
  number    = {5-6},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {0898-5626},
  doi       = {10.1080/08985626.2015.1048310},
  pages     = {307 -- 333},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Germany experienced a unique rise in the level of self-employment in the first two decades following unification. Applying the nonlinear Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique, we find that the main factors driving these changes in the overall level of self-employment are demographic developments, the shift towards service sector employment and a larger share of population holding a tertiary degree. While these factors explain most of the development in self-employment with employees and the overall level of self-employment in West Germany, their explanatory power is much lower for the stronger increase in solo self-employment and in self-employment in former socialist East Germany.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FleischerSeyfried2015,
  author    = {Fleischer, Julia and Seyfried, Markus},
  title     = {Drawing from the bargaining pool: Determinants of ministerial selection in Germany},
  series = {Party politics : an international journal for the study of political parties and political organizations},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Party politics : an international journal for the study of political parties and political organizations},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1354-0688},
  doi       = {10.1177/1354068813487108},
  pages     = {503 -- 514},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {This article expands our current knowledge about ministerial selection in coalition governments and analyses why ministerial candidates succeed in acquiring a cabinet position after general elections. It argues that political parties bargain over potential office-holders during government-formation processes, selecting future cabinet ministers from an emerging bargaining pool'. The article draws upon a new dataset comprising all ministrable candidates discussed by political parties during eight government-formation processes in Germany between 1983 and 2009. The conditional logit regression analysis reveals that temporal dynamics, such as the day she enters the pool, have a significant effect on her success in achieving a cabinet position. Other determinants of ministerial selection discussed in the existing literature, such as party and parliamentary expertise, are less relevant for achieving ministerial office. The article concludes that scholarship on ministerial selection requires a stronger emphasis for its endogenous nature in government-formation as well as the relevance of temporal dynamics in such processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BohlkenSchulzRappetal.2015,
  author    = {Bohlken, Jens and Schulz, Mandy and Rapp, Michael Armin and Baetzing-Feigenbaum, Joerg},
  title     = {Pharmacotherapy of dementia in Germany: Results from a nationwide claims database},
  series = {European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0924-977X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.09.014},
  pages     = {2333 -- 2338},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {In 2011, about 1.1-1.4 million patients with dementia were living in Germany, a number expected to rise to three million by 2050. Dementia poses a major challenge to the healthcare system and neuropharmacological service provision. The aim of this study was to determine prescription rates for anti-dementia drugs as well as for neuroleptics, sedative-hypnotics and antidepressants in dementia using the complete nationwide outpatient claims data pertaining to the services of statutory health insurance. We controlled for gender, age, dementia diagnosis, physician specialty (general practitioner GP versus neuropsychiatry specialist physician NPSP), and rural and urban living area. In about one million prevalent dementia patients (N=1,014,710) in 2011, the prescription prevalence rate of anti-dementia drugs was 24.6\%; it varied with gender, age, and diagnosis (highest in Alzheimer's disease; 42\%), and was higher in patients treated by NPSPs (48\% vs. 25\% in GPs). At the same time, we found an alarmingly high rate of treatment with neuroleptics in dementia patients (35\%), with an only slightly decreased risk in patients treated exclusively by NPSPs (OR=0.86). We found marginal differences between rural and urban areas. Our results show that the majority of anti-dementia drug prescriptions appear guideline-oriented, yet prescription rates are overall comparatively low. On the other hand, neuroleptic drugs, which are associated with excess morbidity and mortality in dementia, were prescribed very frequently, suggesting excess use given current guidelines. We therefore suggest that guideline implementation measures and increasing quality control procedures are needed with respect to the pharmacotherapy of this vulnerable population. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. and ECNR All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Radenacker2015,
  author    = {Radenacker, Anke},
  title     = {Economic consequences of family dissolution},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100217},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {v, 134},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Welfare states and policies have changed greatly over the past decades, mostly characterized by retrenchments in terms of government spending or in terms of restricted access to certain benefits. In the area of family policies, however, a lot of countries have simultaneously expanded provisions and transfers for families. Bringing together the macro analysis of policy variation and household income changes on the micro-level, the main research question of the dissertation is to what extent economic consequences following separation and divorce in families with children have changed between the 1980s and the 2000s in Germany and the United States. The second research question of the dissertation regards the differences in dissolution outcomes between married and cohabiting parents in Germany. The dissertation thus aims to link institutional regulations of welfare states with the actual income situation of families. To achieve this, a research design was developed that has never been used for the analysis of the economic consequences of family dissolution. For this, the two longest running panel datasets, German Socio-economic Panel (GSOEP) and the US American Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), have been used. The analytic strategy applied to estimate the effects of family dissolution on household income is a difference-in-difference design combined with coarsened exact matching (CEM). To begin with, the dissertation confirmed many findings of previous research, for example regarding the gender differences in family dissolution outcomes. Mothers experience clearly higher relative income losses and consequently higher risks of poverty than fathers. This finding is universal, that is it holds for both countries, for all time periods observed, and for all measures of economic outcome that were employed. Another confirmed finding is the higher level of welfare state intervention in Germany compared to the United States. The dissertation also revealed a number of novel findings. The results show that the expansion of family policies in Germany over time has not been accompanied by substantially decreasing income losses for mothers. Though income losses have slightly decreased over time, they have become more persistent during the years following family dissolution. The impact of the German welfare state has meanwhile been quite stable. American mothers' income losses took place on a slightly lower level than those of German mothers. Only during the 1980s their relative losses were clearly lower than those of German mothers. And also American mothers did not recover as much from their income losses during the 2000s than they used to during the 1980s. For them, the 1996 welfare reform brought a considerable decrease in welfare state support. Accordingly, the results for American mothers can certainly be described as a shift from public to private provision. The general finding of previous studies that fathers do not have to suffer income losses, or if at all rather moderate ones compared to mothers, can be confirmed. Nevertheless, both German and US American fathers face a deterioration of the economic consequences of family dissolution over time. German fathers' relative income changes are still positive though they have decreased over time. One reason for this decrease is the increasing loss of partner earnings following union dissolution. Also among American fathers, income gains still prevail in the year of family dissolution. Two years later, however, they have been facing income losses already since the 1980s which have furthermore increased considerably over time. Zooming in on Germany, family dissolution outcomes by marital status show negligible differences between cohabiting and married mothers in disposable income, but considerable differences in losses of income before taxes and transfers. It is the impact of the welfare state that equalizes the differences in income losses between these two groups of mothers. For married mothers, losses are not as high in the year of event but they have difficulties to recover from these losses. Without the income buffering of the welfare state, married mothers would, three years after family dissolution, remain with relative income losses double as high as for cohabiting mothers. Compared to mothers, differences between married and cohabiting fathers are visible in changes of income before as well as after taxes and transfers. The welfare state does not alter the difference between the two groups of fathers. With regard to both income concepts, cohabiting fathers fare worse than married fathers. Cohabiting fathers suffer moderate income losses of disposable income while married fathers experience moderate income gains. Accounting for support payments is decisive for fathers' income changes. If these payments are not deducted from disposable income, both married and cohabiting fathers experience gains in disposable income following family dissolution.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Buss2015,
  author    = {Buß, Claudia},
  title     = {Instrumente der B{\"u}rgerbeteiligung in St{\"a}dten},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-88888},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xi, 468},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Die vergleichende Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der B{\"u}rgerbeteiligung in St{\"a}dten in Deutschland und Frankreich. In den letzten 20 Jahren haben sich die Formen lokaler Demokratie immer wieder ver{\"a}ndert und sich den {\"o}rtlichen Gegebenheiten angepasst. Das Interesse der B{\"u}rger, Verwaltung und politisch gew{\"a}hlten Vertreter an Partizipation w{\"a}chst stetig . Das heißt aber auch, dass sich diese 3 Akteure den neuen Strukturen anpassen und eigene Strategien entwickeln m{\"u}ssen. Die demokratischen Formen der kooperativen bzw. partizipativen Demokratie werden immer h{\"a}ufiger angewandt. Diese Arbeit evaluiert die verschiedenen B{\"u}rgerbeteiligungsinstrumente in Frankreich und Deutschland in dem zwischen Input, Output und Outcome unterschieden wird. Insbesondere die B{\"u}rgerhaushalte, Beir{\"a}te und Quartiersr{\"a}te werden genauer betrachtet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen erste Hinweise in welche demokratische Richtung sich die deutschen St{\"a}dte k{\"u}nftig entwickeln.},
  language  = {de}
}