@article{GruenerMuehleMeinel2021,
  author    = {Gr{\"u}ner, Andreas and M{\"u}hle, Alexander and Meinel, Christoph},
  title     = {ATIB},
  series = {IEEE access : practical research, open solutions / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {IEEE access : practical research, open solutions / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers},
  publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {2169-3536},
  doi       = {10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3116095},
  pages     = {138553 -- 138570},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Identity management is a principle component of securing online services. In the advancement of traditional identity management patterns, the identity provider remained a Trusted Third Party (TTP). The service provider and the user need to trust a particular identity provider for correct attributes amongst other demands. This paradigm changed with the invention of blockchain-based Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) solutions that primarily focus on the users. SSI reduces the functional scope of the identity provider to an attribute provider while enabling attribute aggregation. Besides that, the development of new protocols, disregarding established protocols and a significantly fragmented landscape of SSI solutions pose considerable challenges for an adoption by service providers. We propose an Attribute Trust-enhancing Identity Broker (ATIB) to leverage the potential of SSI for trust-enhancing attribute aggregation. Furthermore, ATIB abstracts from a dedicated SSI solution and offers standard protocols. Therefore, it facilitates the adoption by service providers. Despite the brokered integration approach, we show that ATIB provides a high security posture. Additionally, ATIB does not compromise the ten foundational SSI principles for the users.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{RitterbuschTeichmann2023,
  author    = {Ritterbusch, Georg David and Teichmann, Malte Rolf},
  title     = {Defining the metaverse},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {159},
  issn      = {1867-5808},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-58879},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-588799},
  pages     = {12368 -- 12377},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The term Metaverse is emerging as a result of the late push by multinational technology conglomerates and a recent surge of interest in Web 3.0, Blockchain, NFT, and Cryptocurrencies. From a scientific point of view, there is no definite consensus on what the Metaverse will be like. This paper collects, analyzes, and synthesizes scientific definitions and the accompanying major characteristics of the Metaverse using the methodology of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Two revised definitions for the Metaverse are presented, both condensing the key attributes, where the first one is rather simplistic holistic describing "a three-dimensional online environment in which users represented by avatars interact with each other in virtual spaces decoupled from the real physical world". In contrast, the second definition is specified in a more detailed manner in the paper and further discussed. These comprehensive definitions offer specialized and general scholars an application within and beyond the scientific context of the system science, information system science, computer science, and business informatics, by also introducing open research challenges. Furthermore, an outlook on the social, economic, and technical implications is given, and the preconditions that are necessary for a successful implementation are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RitterbuschTeichmann2023,
  author    = {Ritterbusch, Georg David and Teichmann, Malte Rolf},
  title     = {Defining the metaverse},
  series = {IEEE Access},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {IEEE Access},
  publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {2169-3536},
  doi       = {10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3241809},
  pages     = {12368 -- 12377},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The term Metaverse is emerging as a result of the late push by multinational technology conglomerates and a recent surge of interest in Web 3.0, Blockchain, NFT, and Cryptocurrencies. From a scientific point of view, there is no definite consensus on what the Metaverse will be like. This paper collects, analyzes, and synthesizes scientific definitions and the accompanying major characteristics of the Metaverse using the methodology of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Two revised definitions for the Metaverse are presented, both condensing the key attributes, where the first one is rather simplistic holistic describing "a three-dimensional online environment in which users represented by avatars interact with each other in virtual spaces decoupled from the real physical world". In contrast, the second definition is specified in a more detailed manner in the paper and further discussed. These comprehensive definitions offer specialized and general scholars an application within and beyond the scientific context of the system science, information system science, computer science, and business informatics, by also introducing open research challenges. Furthermore, an outlook on the social, economic, and technical implications is given, and the preconditions that are necessary for a successful implementation are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}