@article{WachsGoerzigWrightetal.2020,
  author    = {Wachs, Sebastian and G{\"o}rzig, Anke and Wright, Michelle F. and Schubarth, Wilfried and Bilz, Ludwig},
  title     = {Associations among Adolescents' Relationships with Parents, Peers, and Teachers, Self-Efficacy, and Willingness to Intervene in Bullying},
  series = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
  volume    = {17},
  journal   = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {MDPI AG},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1660-4601},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijerph17020420},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {We applied the Social Cognitive Theory to investigate whether parent-child relationships, bullying victimization, and teacher-student relationships are directly as well as indirectly via self-efficacy in social conflicts associated with adolescents' willingness to intervene in a bullying incident. There were 2071 (51.3\% male) adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 from 24 schools in Germany who participated in this study. A mediation test using structural equation modeling revealed that parent-child relationships, bullying victimization, and teacher-student relationships were directly related to adolescents' self-efficacy in social conflicts. Further, teacher-student relationships and bullying victimization were directly associated with adolescents' willingness to intervene in bullying. Finally, relationships with parents, peers and teachers were indirectly related to higher levels of students' willingness to intervene in bullying situations due to self-efficacy in social conflicts. Thus, our analysis confirms the general assumptions of Social Cognitive Theory and the usefulness of applying its approach to social conflicts such as bullying situations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PuschmannDriessleinBecketal.2020,
  author    = {Puschmann, Anne-Katrin and Drießlein, David and Beck, Heidrun and Arampatzis, Adamantios and Moreno Catal{\´a}, Maria and Schiltenwolf, Marcus and Mayer, Frank and Wippert, Pia-Maria},
  title     = {Stress and Self-Efficacy as Long-Term Predictors for Chronic Low Back Pain},
  series = {Journal of Pain Research},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Journal of Pain Research},
  publisher = {Dove Medical Press},
  address   = {Albany, Auckland},
  issn      = {1178-7090},
  doi       = {10.2147/JPR.S223893},
  pages     = {613 -- 621},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Purpose: Psychosocial variables are known risk factors for the development and chronification of low back pain (LBP). Psychosocial stress is one of these risk factors. Therefore, this study aims to identify the most important types of stress predicting LBP. Self-efficacy was included as a potential protective factor related to both, stress and pain. Participants and Methods: This prospective observational study assessed n = 1071 subjects with low back pain over 2 years. Psychosocial stress was evaluated in a broad manner using instruments assessing perceived stress, stress experiences in work and social contexts, vital exhaustion and life-event stress. Further, self-efficacy and pain (characteristic pain intensity and disability) were assessed. Using least absolute shrinkage selection operator regression, important predictors of characteristic pain intensity and pain-related disability at 1-year and 2-years follow-up were analyzed. Results: The final sample for the statistic procedure consisted of 588 subjects (age: 39.2 (± 13.4) years; baseline pain intensity: 27.8 (± 18.4); disability: 14.3 (± 17.9)). In the 1-year follow-up, the stress types "tendency to worry", "social isolation", "work discontent" as well as vital exhaustion and negative life events were identified as risk factors for both pain intensity and pain-related disability. Within the 2-years follow-up, Lasso models identified the stress types "tendency to worry", "social isolation", "social conflicts", and "perceived long-term stress" as potential risk factors for both pain intensity and disability. Furthermore, "self-efficacy" ("internality", "self-concept") and "social externality" play a role in reducing pain-related disability. Conclusion: Stress experiences in social and work-related contexts were identified as important risk factors for LBP 1 or 2 years in the future, even in subjects with low initial pain levels. Self-efficacy turned out to be a protective factor for pain development, especially in the long-term follow-up. Results suggest a differentiation of stress types in addressing psychosocial factors in research, prevention and therapy approaches.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HudsonHagedoornBubeck2020,
  author    = {Hudson, Paul and Hagedoorn, Liselotte and Bubeck, Philip},
  title     = {Potential linkages between social capital, flood risk perceptions, and self-efficacy},
  series = {International journal of disaster risk science},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {International journal of disaster risk science},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2095-0055},
  doi       = {10.1007/s13753-020-00259-w},
  pages     = {251 -- 262},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {A growing focus is being placed on both individuals and communities to adapt to flooding as part of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Adaptation to flooding requires sufficient social capital (linkages between members of society), risk perceptions (understanding of risk), and self-efficacy (self-perceived ability to limit disaster impacts) to be effective. However, there is limited understanding of how social capital, risk perceptions, and self-efficacy interact. We seek to explore how social capital interacts with variables known to increase the likelihood of successful adaptation. To study these linkages we analyze survey data of 1010 respondents across two communities in Thua Tien-Hue Province in central Vietnam, using ordered probit models. We find positive correlations between social capital, risk perceptions, and self-efficacy overall. This is a partly contrary finding to what was found in previous studies linking these concepts in Europe, which may be a result from the difference in risk context. The absence of an overall negative exchange between these factors has positive implications for proactive flood risk adaptation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeidenreichMassonBamberg2020,
  author    = {Heidenreich, Anna and Masson, Torsten and Bamberg, Sebastian},
  title     = {Let's talk about flood risk},
  series = {International journal of disaster risk reduction : IJDRR},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {International journal of disaster risk reduction : IJDRR},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
  issn      = {2212-4209},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101880},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Private flood protection measures can help reduce potential damage from flooding. Few intervention studies currently exist that systematically evaluate the effectiveness of risk communication methods. To address this gap, we evaluated a series of six workshops (N = 115) on private flood protection in flood-prone areas in Germany that covers different aspects of flood protection for individual households. Applying mixed-model analysis, significant increases in self-efficacy, subjective knowledge, and protection motivation were observed. Younger participants, as well as participants who reported lower levels of previous knowledge or no flood experience, showed a higher increase in self-efficacy and knowledge. Results suggest that a workshop can be an effective risk communication tool, raising awareness and motivating behaviour among residents of flood-prone areas.},
  language  = {en}
}