@article{vanEgmondFroehlichMoessleAhrensEipperetal.2007,
  author    = {van Egmond-Fr{\"o}hlich, Andreas and M{\"o}ßle, Thomas and Ahrens-Eipper, Sabine and Schmid-Ott, Gerhard and H{\"u}llinghorst, Rolf and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {{\"U}berm{\"a}ssiger Medienkonsum von Kindern und Jugendlichen : Risiken f{\"u}r Psyche und K{\"o}rper},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KroellerKroellerWarschburger2013,
  author    = {Kr{\"o}ller, Katja and Kr{\"o}ller, Alexander and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {What do you like to eat? Correlation between food familiarity and actual preference},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Gesundheitspsychologie},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Gesundheitspsychologie},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Hogrefe},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {0943-8149},
  doi       = {10.1026/0943-8149/a000089},
  pages     = {53 -- 61},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The preference for fruits and vegetables is the main predictor for the longtime healthy eating behavior. There are many factors which affect the development of food preferences. The familiarity with different foods seems to be a special aspect associated with the corresponding preference. To establish a preference for fruits and vegetables during early childhood, we need to know more about the factors that affect this preference development. So far, research has mostly concentrated on the food intake and less on the corresponding preference. Additionally, it is often based on studies of the mere-exposure effect or on older children and their ability to label fruits and vegetables correctly. Findings about the level of food familiarity in young children and its relation to the actual food preference are still missing. Our study focuses on different aspects of food familiarity as well as on their relationship to the child's preference and presents results from 213 children aged 2 to 10 years. Using standardized photos, the food preference was measured with a computer-based method that ran automatically without influence from parents or interviewer. The children knew fewer of the presented vegetables (66 \%) than fruits or sweets (78 \% each). About the same number of vegetables (63 \%) had already been tasted by the children and were considered tasty. Only 48 \% of the presented vegetables were named correctly - an ability that increases in older children. Concerning the relationship between the familiarity with vegetables and their preference, the different familiarity aspects showed that vegetables of lower preference were less often recognized, tasted, considered tasty, or named correctly.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoffmannWarschburger2017,
  author    = {Hoffmann, Svenja and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Weight, shape, and muscularity concerns in male and female adolescents},
  series = {The international journal of eating disorders},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {The international journal of eating disorders},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0276-3478},
  doi       = {10.1002/eat.22635},
  pages     = {139 -- 147},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of age and weight status on adolescents' body dissatisfaction and its change over 20 months in a gender-comparing design. The influence of body image concern on eating concern was also investigated. Method: In a prospective study, 675 male and female adolescents aged 12-16 were assessed using self-report questionnaires on weight, shape, muscularity, and eating concerns. Height and weight measurements were taken by trained personnel. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: Analyses of latent means revealed more pronounced weight/shape concern in females than males and more pronounced muscularity concern in males than females. Weight/shape concern increased in females over time, whereas muscularity concern remained stable in both genders. Baseline levels of weight/shape concern could be predicted by age and weight status in females and by weight status in males. The only predictor of change in weight/shape concern was weight status in males. Baseline levels of muscularity concern could be predicted by age in females and by weight status in males. Similar effects were found for changes in muscularity concern in both genders. Increases in weight/shape and muscularity concern were associated with more pronounced eating concern. Discussion: The results confirm gender differences in distinctive facets of body image concern and its prediction. The relevance of increase in body image concern in adolescents is underlined by its association with eating concern in both genders. Further explanatory variables for change in body dissatisfaction should be examined in future studies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JendrzycaWarschburger2016,
  author    = {Jendrzyca, Anna and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Weight stigma and eating behaviours in elementary school children: A prospective population-based study},
  series = {Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking},
  volume    = {102},
  journal   = {Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0195-6663},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.005},
  pages     = {51 -- 59},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The relevance of weight stigma as an important factor in disordered eating has been supported by research. However, because most of the studies were cross-sectional and focussed on older children, the causal relationships could not be fully determined in childhood. The current study explores the role of weight stigma in body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours. The sample consisted of 773 girls and 713 boys, aged 6-11 years, who completed surveys assessing weight stigma experiences, body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours at two points of measurement, approximately one year apart. The children's external and disordered eating was rated via parental questionnaires. As expected, the pattern of the associations between weight status, weight stigma, body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours differed by gender. Experience of weight stigma in girls led to external and restrained eating one year later, whereas in boys no such association was observed. Body dissatisfaction mediated the association between weight stigma and restrained eating behaviours in girls, whereas in boys, body dissatisfaction directly influenced restrained eating behaviours. However, in both girls and boys weight status predicted body dissatisfaction and disordered eating, while weight stigma did not have a direct effect on disordered eating. Results suggest that interventions involving weight stigma should be a part of eating disorder prevention programmes, and gender-specific pathways should be considered.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZubaWarschburger2018,
  author    = {Zuba, Anna and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Weight bias internalization across weight categories among school-aged children},
  series = {Body image : an international journal of research},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Body image : an international journal of research},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1740-1445},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.02.008},
  pages     = {56 -- 65},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Anti-fat bias is widespread and is linked to the internalization of weight bias and psychosocial problems. The purpose of this study was to examine the internalization of weight bias among children across weight categories and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Weight Bias Internalization Scale for Children (WBIS-C). Data were collected from 1484 primary school children and their parents. WBIS-C demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha = .86) after exclusion of Item 1. The unitary factor structure was supported using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (factorial validity). Girls and overweight children reported higher WBIS-C scores in comparison to boys and non-overweight peers (known-groups validity). Convergent validity was shown by significant correlations with psychosocial problems. Internalization of weight bias explained additional variance in different indicators of psychosocial well-being. The results suggest that the WBIS-C is a psychometrically sound and informative tool to assess weight bias internalization among children.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TiedjenStachowHaeringetal.2004,
  author    = {Tiedjen, U. and Stachow, R. and H{\"a}ring, J. and Warschburger, Petra and Petermann, Franz},
  title     = {Verhaltenstraining mit adip{\"o}sen Grundschulkindern},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Warschburger2005,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Verhaltenstherapie bei Neurodermitis},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Warschburger2005,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Verhaltenstherapie},
  isbn      = {3-540-01251-6},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Warschburger2005,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Verhaltenstherapeutische Techniken in der Behandlung der kindlichen Adipositas},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RezoriBuchallikWarschburger2022,
  author    = {Rezori, Roman Enzio von and Buchallik, Friederike and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Validation of the German Benefit Finding Scale for youth with chronic conditions},
  series = {Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health},
  publisher = {Biomed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1753-2000},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13034-021-00438-7},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Background Benefit finding, defined as perceiving positive life changes resulting from adversity and negative life stressors, gains growing attention in the context of chronic illness. The study aimed at examining the psychometric properties of the Benefit Finding Scale for Children (BFSC) in a sample of German youth facing chronic conditions. Methods A sample of adolescents with various chronic conditions (N = 304; 12 - 21years) completed the 10-item BFSC along with measures of intra- and interpersonal resources, coping strategies, and health-related quality of life (hrQoL). The total sample was randomly divided into two subsamples for conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA/CFA). Results EFA revealed that the BFSC scores had a one-dimensional factor structure. CFA verified the one-dimensional factor structure with an acceptable fit. The BFSC exhibited acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.87 - 0.88) and construct validity. In line with our hypotheses, benefit finding was positively correlated with optimism, self-esteem, self-efficacy, sense of coherence, and support seeking. There were no correlations with avoidance, wishful thinking, emotional reaction, and hrQoL. Sex differences in benefit finding were not consistent across subsamples. Benefit finding was also positively associated with age, disease severity, and social status. Conclusions The BFSC is a psychometrically sound instrument to assess benefit finding in adolescents with chronic illness and may facilitate further research on positive adaptation processes in adolescents, irrespective of their specific diagnosis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BehrendWarschburger2022,
  author    = {Behrend, Nicole and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Validation of a German version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2)},
  series = {Body image : an international journal of research},
  volume    = {41},
  journal   = {Body image : an international journal of research},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1740-1445},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.01.020},
  pages     = {216 -- 224},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is the most current measure of body appreciation, a central facet of positive body image. This work aimed to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of a German version. In Study 1 (N = 659; M-age = 27.19, SD = 8.57), exploratory factor analyses (EFA) revealed that the German BAS-2 has a one-dimensional factor structure in women and men, showing cross-gender factor similarity. In Study 2 (N = 472; M-age = 30.08, SD = 12.35), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) further supported the original scale's one-dimensional factor structure after freeing correlated errors. The German BAS-2 also showed partial scalar invariance across gender, with women and men not differing significantly in latent mean scores. As predicted, we found convergent relationships with measures of self-esteem, intuitive eating, and variables associated with negative body image (i.e., weight-and shape concerns, drive for thinness). Correlations with BMI were small and in an inverse direction. Incremental validity was demonstrated by predicting self-esteem and intuitive eating over and above measures of negative body image. Additionally, the German BAS-2 showed internal consistency and 2-week test-retest reliability. Overall, our results suggest that the German BAS-2 is a psychometrically sound instrument.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CalvanoWarschburger2022,
  author    = {Calvano, Claudia and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Treatment for pediatric functional abdominal pain},
  series = {Journal of pediatric psychology},
  volume    = {47},
  journal   = {Journal of pediatric psychology},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0146-8693},
  doi       = {10.1093/jpepsy/jsac011},
  pages     = {483 -- 496},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Objective While cross-sectional studies underline that child and parent factors in pediatric chronic pain are reciprocally related, so far, little is known on their prospective relationship, especially in treatment contexts. This study aims to analyze directions of influence between child and parental outcomes using data from an intervention study. Methods The sample covered 109 families with children aged 7-13 years diagnosed with functional abdominal pain (FAP). Child outcomes included pain and impairment, and parental outcomes covered caregiver-specific distress including both parental personal time burden (i.e., less time available for personal needs) and emotional burden due to child's pain (i.e., increased worries). Cross-lagged panel analyses examined the directions of the relations between child and parental outcomes across time (pretreatment T1, post-treatment T2, and 3-month follow-up and 12-month follow-up T3/T4). Results First, a significant improvement over time in all measures was observed. Cross-lagged effects were found for less parental personal time burden at T2, predicting both less pain (beta = -0.254, p = .004) and less impairment (beta = -0.150, p = .039) at T3. Higher baseline pain was predictive for higher parental emotional burden after treatment (beta = -0.130, p = .049) and, reversely, for less emotional burden at 12-month follow-up (beta = 0.261, p = .004). Conclusions Addressing parental personal time burden in FAP treatment might possibly support the improvement on the child level. Replication of results in larger samples is warranted to gain more insight into the directions of influence and, in that way, to optimize treatment for pediatric FAP.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Warschburger2005,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {The unhappy obese child},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {OBJECTIVE: One of the most painful aspects of obesity may be the emotional suffering it causes. The paper discusses the psychological and social effects of obesity. METHOD: Current studies examining the psychosocial strains of obese children and adolescents are reported. The report especially focuses on stigmatization, mental health disorders, school performance and health-related quality of life. DISCUSSION: Research is showing that obesity is associated with poorer psychosocial functioning-even compared with other chronic diseases. Future studies should further explicate the risk and protective factors for developing severe psychosocial strain},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SehmWarschburger2015,
  author    = {Sehm, Marie and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {The Specificity of Psychological Factors Associated with Binge Eating in Adolescent Boys and Girls},
  series = {Journal of abnormal child psychology : devoted to studies of behavioral pathology in childhood and adolescence ; an official publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology},
  volume    = {43},
  journal   = {Journal of abnormal child psychology : devoted to studies of behavioral pathology in childhood and adolescence ; an official publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0091-0627},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10802-015-0026-7},
  pages     = {1563 -- 1571},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Low self-esteem, lack of interoceptive awareness, perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, weight teasing, and internalization of the societal body ideal are known to be associated with binge eating (BE) in adolescents. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate whether these attributes are BE-specific and whether different patterns exist for boys and girls. We assessed BE, internalizing symptoms and psychological factors in 1039 adolescents from a community sample by self-report. Using multinomial logistic regression and controlling for measured height and weight, we compared adolescents with BE with individuals from a healthy control group and adolescents reporting internalizing symptoms. Individuals from the BE-group reported a greater lack of interoceptive awareness and higher body dissatisfaction than individuals from the healthy control group. Additionally, we found a significant interaction between gender and body dissatisfaction. Internalization of the societal body ideal was related to BE when compared to internalizing symptoms. Results suggest, that the lack of interoceptive awareness and body dissatisfaction display substantial associations with BE, and that the latter effect is especially strong in boys. The internalization of societal standards of beauty emerged as a BE-specific factor and this finding emphasizes the role of the societal body ideal in the nature of eating pathology in boys and in girls. Increasing body satisfaction and the acceptance of realistic body ideals might be effective strategies in preventing eating pathology.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KawasakiAkamatsuWarschburger2022,
  author    = {Kawasaki, Yui and Akamatsu, Rie and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {The relationship between traditional and common Japanese childhood education and adulthood towards avoiding food waste behaviors},
  series = {Waste Management},
  volume    = {145},
  journal   = {Waste Management},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0956-053X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.wasman.2022.04.020},
  pages     = {1 -- 9},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Japanese parents and educators teach children to refrain from leaving food in their plates. Their teachings have direct (advising children to refrain from leaving food uneaten) and indirect (meal-related rituals before and after mealtimes) influence in enhancing gratitude for food in daily life.This cross-sectional study aimed to examine 1) the interaction of direct and indirect approaches to avoiding food waste behaviors and 2) the mediation of gratitude for food by preventing such behaviors. Overall, 400 Japanese adults (female: n = 200) responded to a self-administrated anonymous questionnaire survey measuring: the present food waste avoiding behaviors; current gratitude for food; direct and indirect childhood approaches for avoiding food waste behaviors. Participants' mean (standard deviation) age and body mass index were 40.0 (11.6) and 21.9 (3.9), respectively. A significant main effect of the indirect approach and the interaction of direct and indirect approaches were obtained by adjusting the participants' background. Moreover, through mediation analyses with percentile-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals, it was observed that gratitude for food mediated the association between direct and indirect childhood approaches and avoiding food waste behaviors. Despite no information on the current meal-related rituals of the respondents, this study suggests the potential of these approaches in enhancing gratitude for food as a new approach to reduce food waste worldwide.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KanitzPretzerReifetal.2011,
  author    = {Kanitz, Jenny Lena and Pretzer, Kim and Reif, Marcus and Voss, Andreas and Brand, Ralf and Warschburger, Petra and Laengler, Alfred and Henze, Guenter and Seifert, Georg},
  title     = {The impact of eurythmy therapy on stress coping strategies and health-related quality of life in healthy, moderately stressed adults},
  series = {Complementary therapies in medicine : the journal for all health care professionals.},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {Complementary therapies in medicine : the journal for all health care professionals.},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Churchill Livingstone},
  address   = {Edinburgh},
  issn      = {0965-2299},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ctim.2011.06.008},
  pages     = {247 -- 255},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Background: 'Stress' and 'health-related quality of life' (HRQoL) are two important theoretical constructs for modern therapy evaluation with clinical relevance. Eurythmy therapy (EYT) is a mind-body-therapy derived from anthroposophic medicine with promising effects on heart rate variability (HRV), HRQoL and disease scores. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of EYT on stress coping strategies (SCS) and HRQoL in a controlled study with moderately stressed participants. Methods: 68 healthy, moderately stressed adults (mean age: 42.2; SD: 8.2) performed 10 h of EYT in a group setting over a period of six weeks. A non-randomised control group of 22 healthy adults (mean age: 43.6; SD: 13.7) received no intervention and did only complete the questionnaires at the same data points. Outcomes were measured before and after the intervention (AVEM \& SF-36). Results: A significant impact on SCS was found in seven AVEM scales (MANOVA, F (1/74) = 4.59; p = .04). With regard to changes in risk pattern affiliation (AVEM), 24\% of the participants receiving EYT (n = 55) changed over time from a risky stress coping pattern to a healthier pattern. Concerning the HRQoL four normally distributed scales of the SF-36 ('vitality', 'social functioning', 'mental health' and 'physical functioning') showed a significant group x time interaction favouring the EYT group (MANOVA, F (1/74) = 17.26; p < .001). Statistically and clinically relevant mean differences over time of at least eight scale points were found for 'role physical', 'bodily pain', 'vitality' and 'mental health', and of at least 15 scale points for 'role emotional' and 'social functioning'. Conclusions: A six-week period of EYT training can result in a significant reduction of stress and consequently improve QoL. Because a significant proportion of participants had high levels of stress at baseline the results suggest a health-enhancing benefit of EYT that may have clinical potential for prevention of stress and associated disorders in healthy individuals and possibly in patients with chronic diseases, for example.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HelfertWarschburger2013,
  author    = {Helfert, Susanne and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {The face of appearance-related social pressure: gender, age and body mass variations in peer and parental pressure during adolescence},
  doi       = {10.1186/1753-2000-7-16},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{HelfertWarschburger2013,
  author    = {Helfert, Susanne and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {The face of appearance-related social pressure},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401155},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background Appearance-related social pressure plays an important role in the development of a negative body image and self-esteem as well as severe mental disorders during adolescence (e.g. eating disorders, depression). Identifying who is particularly affected by social pressure can improve targeted prevention and intervention, but findings have either been lacking or controversial. Thus the aim of this study is to provide a detailed picture of gender, weight, and age-related variations in the perception of appearance-related social pressure by peers and parents. Methods 1112 German students between grades 7 and 9 (mean age: M = 13.38, SD = .81) filled in the Appearance-Related Social Pressure Questionnaire (German: FASD), which considers different sources (peers, parents) as well as various kinds of social pressure (e.g. teasing, modeling, encouragement). Results Girls were more affected by peer pressure, while gender differences in parental pressure seemed negligible. Main effects of grade-level suggested a particular increase in indirect peer pressure (e.g. appearance-related school and class norms) from early to middle adolescence. Boys and girls with higher BMI were particularly affected by peer teasing and exclusion as well as by parental encouragement to control weight and shape. Conclusion The results suggest that preventive efforts targeting body concerns and disordered eating should bring up the topic of appearance pressure in a school-based context and should strengthen those adolescents who are particularly at risk - in our study, girls and adolescents with higher weight status. Early adolescence and school transition appear to be crucial periods for these efforts. Moreover, the comprehensive assessment of appearance-related social pressure appears to be a fruitful way to further explore social risk-factors in the development of a negative body image.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WarschburgerZitzmann2018,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Zitzmann, Jana},
  title     = {The efficacy of a universal school-based prevention program for eating disorders among German adolescents},
  series = {Journal of youth and adolescence : a multidisciplinary research publication},
  volume    = {47},
  journal   = {Journal of youth and adolescence : a multidisciplinary research publication},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0047-2891},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10964-018-0852-3},
  pages     = {1317 -- 1331},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Disordered eating is highly prevalent during adolescence and has a detrimental effect on further development. Effective prevention programs are needed to prevent unhealthy developmental trajectories. This study evaluated the efficacy of the POPS-program (POtsdam Prevention at Schools), a universal school-based eating disorder prevention program for adolescents. In a cluster-randomized design, we compared the intervention group receiving the prevention program to a waiting control group. Outcomes included indicators of disordered eating and relevant risk factors for eating disorders (body dissatisfaction, internalization of the thin ideal, perceived media pressure, perfectionism, emotional element of exercise, social comparison, and perceived teasing). Questionnaires were administered at the start of the intervention, 3 and 12 months post intervention. At baseline, 1112 adolescents aged 10 to 16 years participated (49\% girls; 51\% intervention group). Intention-to-treat analyses with the complete data set and per-protocol analyses as a completer analysis were performed. The intervention group showed a more favorable course compared to the control group regarding all observed risk factors for eating disorders except for perceived teasing. Effect sizes were small but comparable to other primary prevention programs. At 1-year follow-up, a small but significant effect on disordered eating was observed. Results of the per-protocol analyses were mostly confirmed by the intention-to-treat analyses. Results were promising for both genders although girls benefited more regarding disordered eating and internalization of the thin ideal. Further studies are warranted examining successful program elements and whether gender-specific programs are needed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SehmWarschburger2017,
  author    = {Sehm, Marie and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {The dual-pathway model of binge eating: Is there a need for modification?},
  series = {Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking},
  volume    = {114},
  journal   = {Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0195-6663},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.028},
  pages     = {137 -- 145},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The dual-pathway model proposes that body dissatisfaction might lead to binge eating (BE) through restraint eating and negative affect. Both pathways have been confirmed longitudinally, but there is evidence that the affect-pathway might rather be found in the short-term, whereas other variables might be involved over longer periods. Research suggests that self-esteem represents a key-factor in the etiology of BE in adolescent girls and might serve as a mediator between body dissatisfaction and eating pathology. Based on these findings, the aim of this study was to investigate the original dual-pathway model across 20 months and to evaluate a modified version of the model with self-esteem instead of negative affect as a mediator in the affect-pathway. We assessed eating pathology, negative affect and self-esteem by self-report in a sample of 523 adolescent girls at two time points separated by 20 months. Data were analyzed using a cross-lagged panel design. Both, the original and the modified model provided good fit to the data, but results yielded limited support for the assumptions of the original model. Neither restraint eating nor negative affect mediated the link between body dissatisfaction and BE. The modified model fit the data slightly better and results indicated that low self-esteem mediated the relationship between body dissatisfaction and BE. Notably, our results indicated that restraint eating might even reduce the risk for BE through the enhancement of self-esteem. Results suggest that the dual-pathway model could benefit from the inclusion of a more trait-like variable such as self-esteem when evaluated across the long-term. Furthermore, our findings indicate that healthy restraint eating might have positive effects on self-esteem, thereby reducing risk for BE in adolescent girls, who are dissatisfied with their bodies. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WarschburgerCalvanoBeckeretal.2014,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Calvano, Claudia and Becker, Sebastian and Friedt, Michael and Hudert, Christian and Posovszky, Carsten and Schier, Maike and Wegscheider, Karl},
  title     = {Stop the pain: study protocol for a randomized-controlled trial},
  series = {Trials},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Trials},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1745-6215},
  doi       = {10.1186/1745-6215-15-357},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background: Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is not only a highly prevalent disease but also poses a considerable burden on children and their families. Untreated, FAP is highly persistent until adulthood, also leading to an increased risk of psychiatric disorders. Intervention studies underscore the efficacy of cognitive behavioral treatment approaches but are limited in terms of sample size, long-term follow-up data, controls and inclusion of psychosocial outcome data. Methods/Design: In a multicenter randomized controlled trial, 112 children aged 7 to 12 years who fulfill the Rome III criteria for FAP will be allocated to an established cognitive behavioral training program for children with FAP (n = 56) or to an active control group (focusing on age-appropriate information delivery; n = 56). Randomization occurs centrally, blockwise and is stratified by center. This study is performed in five pediatric gastroenterology outpatient departments. Observer-blind assessments of outcome variables take place four times: pre-, post-, 3- and 12-months post-treatment. Primary outcome is the course of pain intensity and frequency. Secondary endpoints are health-related quality of life, pain-related coping and cognitions, as well as selfefficacy. Discussion: This confirmatory randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral intervention for children with FAP. By applying an active control group, time and attention processes can be controlled, and long-term follow-up data over the course of one year can be explored.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WarschburgerCalvanoBeckeretal.2017,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Calvano, Claudia and Becker, Sebastian and Friedt, Michael and Hudert, Christian and Posovszky, Carsten and Schier, Maike and Wegscheider, Karl},
  title     = {Stop the pain : study protocol for a randomized-controlled trial},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401451},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Functional abdominal pain (FAP) is not only a highly prevalent disease but also poses a considerable burden on children and their families. Untreated, FAP is highly persistent until adulthood, also leading to an increased risk of psychiatric disorders. Intervention studies underscore the efficacy of cognitive behavioral treatment approaches but are limited in terms of sample size, long-term follow-up data, controls and inclusion of psychosocial outcome data. Methods/Design: In a multicenter randomized controlled trial, 112 children aged 7 to 12 years who fulfill the Rome III criteria for FAP will be allocated to an established cognitive behavioral training program for children with FAP (n = 56) or to an active control group (focusing on age-appropriate information delivery; n = 56). Randomization occurs centrally, blockwise and is stratified by center. This study is performed in five pediatric gastroenterology outpatient departments. Observer-blind assessments of outcome variables take place four times: pre-, post-, 3- and 12-months post-treatment. Primary outcome is the course of pain intensity and frequency. Secondary endpoints are health-related quality of life, pain-related coping and cognitions, as well as selfefficacy. Discussion: This confirmatory randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral intervention for children with FAP. By applying an active control group, time and attention processes can be controlled, and long-term follow-up data over the course of one year can be explored.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Warschburger2015,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {SRT-Joy - computer-assisted self-regulation training for obese children and adolescents: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial},
  series = {Trials},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Trials},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1745-6215},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13063-015-1078-2},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Background: Obesity is not only a highly prevalent disease but also poses a considerable burden on children and their families. Evidence is increasing that a lack of self-regulation skills may play a role in the etiology and maintenance of obesity. Our goal with this currently ongoing trial is to examine whether training that focuses on the enhancement of self-regulation skills may increase the sustainability of a complex lifestyle intervention. Methods/Design: In a multicenter, prospective, parallel group, randomized controlled superiority trial, 226 obese children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 years will be allocated either to a newly developed computer-training program to improve their self-regulation abilities or to a placebo control group. Randomization occurs centrally and blockwise at a 1:1 allocation ratio for each center. This study is performed in pediatric inpatient rehabilitation facilities specialized in the treatment of obesity. Observer-blind assessments of outcome variables take place at four times: at the beginning of the rehabilitation (pre), at the end of the training in the rehabilitation (post), and 6 and 12 months post-rehabilitation intervention. The primary outcome is the course of BMI-SDS over 1 year after the end of the inpatient rehabilitation. Secondary endpoints are the self-regulation skills. In addition, health-related quality of life, and snack intake will be analyzed. Discussion: The computer-based training programs might be a feasible and attractive tool to increase the sustainability of the weight loss reached during inpatient rehabilitation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Warschburger2017,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {SRT-Joy - computer-assisted self-regulation training for obese children and adolescents: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401793},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Obesity is not only a highly prevalent disease but also poses a considerable burden on children and their families. Evidence is increasing that a lack of self-regulation skills may play a role in the etiology and maintenance of obesity. Our goal with this currently ongoing trial is to examine whether training that focuses on the enhancement of self-regulation skills may increase the sustainability of a complex lifestyle intervention. Methods/Design: In a multicenter, prospective, parallel group, randomized controlled superiority trial, 226 obese children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 years will be allocated either to a newly developed computer-training program to improve their self-regulation abilities or to a placebo control group. Randomization occurs centrally and blockwise at a 1:1 allocation ratio for each center. This study is performed in pediatric inpatient rehabilitation facilities specialized in the treatment of obesity. Observer-blind assessments of outcome variables take place at four times: at the beginning of the rehabilitation (pre), at the end of the training in the rehabilitation (post), and 6 and 12 months post-rehabilitation intervention. The primary outcome is the course of BMI-SDS over 1 year after the end of the inpatient rehabilitation. Secondary endpoints are the self-regulation skills. In addition, health-related quality of life, and snack intake will be analyzed. Discussion: The computer-based training programs might be a feasible and attractive tool to increase the sustainability of the weight loss reached during inpatient rehabilitation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrentzWarschburger2011,
  author    = {Krentz, Eva M. and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Sports-related correlates of disordered eating in aesthetic sports},
  series = {Psychology of sport and exercise : PSE ; an official journal of the European Federation of Sport Psychology},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Psychology of sport and exercise : PSE ; an official journal of the European Federation of Sport Psychology},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1469-0292},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.03.004},
  pages     = {375 -- 382},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Objectives: Eating disorders are more prevalent in aesthetic sports such as figure skating or gymnastics. While many descriptive studies on their prevalence already exist, more and more studies are now examining the reasons for the specific risk of these athletes. The purpose of this study was to focus on sport-specific variables in aesthetic sports and to examine their relation to disordered eating. Design: Cross-sectional. Method: 96 Elite athletes from aesthetic sports (61 girls, 35 boys) were compared to a control group of 96 sex-matched non-athletes. The mean age of participants was M = 14.0 years (SD = 2.2). The questionnaire package included disordered eating, general body dissatisfaction, sports-related body dissatisfaction, desire to be leaner to improve sports performance and social pressure to be lean from sports environment. Results: Athletes from aesthetic sports displayed more eating disorder symptoms but did not differ from the control group with respect to general body dissatisfaction. For athletes in aesthetic sports, the desire to be leaner to improve sports performance was a significant predictor for disordered eating, and mediated the relationship between social pressure from the sports environment and disordered eating. Conclusions: The results suggest that sports-related parameters are relevant for understanding eating disorder symptomatology in aesthetic sports. Athletes from aesthetic sports seem to be more at risk if they perceive the possibility to enhance sports performance through weight-regulation, which appears to be triggered by social pressure to be lean from sports environment.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrentzWarschburger2011,
  author    = {Krentz, Eva M. and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Sports-related correlates of disordered eating a comparison between aesthetic and ballgame sports},
  series = {International journal of sport and exercise psychology},
  volume    = {42},
  journal   = {International journal of sport and exercise psychology},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Pozzi},
  address   = {Roma},
  issn      = {0047-0767},
  pages     = {548 -- 564},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Prevalence rates for disordered eating vary between different types of sports (Sundgot-Borgen \& Torstveit, 2004). In this study, athletes of sports with a high risk and low risk for disordered eating were compared regarding potential sports-related risk factors for disordered eating. One hundred and seventy-one aesthetic and ballgame sports athletes participated in this study (mean age 14.1 +/- 1.8 years). Aesthetic sports athletes reported more disordered eating behaviors, sports-related body dissatisfaction, a greater desire to be leaner to improve sports performance and greater social pressure from the sports environment than did ballgame sports athletes. Emotional distress resulting from missed exercise sessions and the desire to be leaner to improve sports performance predicted disordered eating in both sport types. The results suggest that the kinds of risk factors for disordered eating are equal among sport types, but some potential risk factors are more prevalent in aesthetic sports.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GmeinerWarschburger2022,
  author    = {Gmeiner, Michaela Silvia and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Simply too much},
  series = {Eating and weight disorders : studies on anorexia, bulimia and obesity},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Eating and weight disorders : studies on anorexia, bulimia and obesity},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {1590-1262},
  doi       = {10.1007/s40519-021-01170-z},
  pages     = {317 -- 324},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Purpose Weight bias internalization (WBI) is associated with negative health consequences such as eating disorders and psychosocial problems in children. To date, it is unknown to what extent WBI considerably raises the risk of negative outcomes. Methods Analyses are based on cross-sectional data of 1,061 children (9-13 years, M = 11, SD = 0.9; 52.1\% female) who filled in the WBI scale (WBIS-C). First, ROC analyses were run to identify critical cut-off values of WBI (WBIS-C score) that identify those who are at higher risk for psychosocial problems or eating disorder symptoms (as reported by parents). Second, it was examined whether WBI is more sensitive than the relative weight status in that respect. Third, to confirm that the cut-off value is also accompanied by higher psychological strain, high- and low-risk groups were compared in terms of their self-reported depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, body dissatisfaction, and self-esteem. Results WBIS-C scores >= 1.55 were associated with a higher risk of disturbed eating behavior; for psychosocial problems, no cut-off score reached adequate sensitivity and specificity. Compared to relative weight status, WBI was better suited to detect disturbed eating behavior. Children with a WBIS-C score >= 1.55 also reported higher scores for both depressive and anxious symptoms, higher body dissatisfaction, and lower self-esteem. Conclusion The WBIS-C is suitable for identifying risk groups, and even low levels of WBI are accompanied by adverse mental health. Therefore, WBI is, beyond weight status, an important risk factor that should be considered in prevention and intervention.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Warschburger2006,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {SEND : Skala zur Erhebung der spezifischen Selbstwirksamkeit von Eltern neurodermitiskranker Vorschulkinder},
  isbn      = {978-3-8017-2024-7},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BuchholzWarschburger2003,
  author    = {Buchholz, H. T. and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {SEND : eine Skala zur Erhebung der spezifischen Selbstwirksamkeit von Eltern neurodermitiskranker Vorschulkinder},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PosovszkyRoeslerBeckeretal.2019,
  author    = {Posovszky, Carsten and Roesler, Vreni Helen and Becker, Sebastian and Iven, Enno and Hudert, Christian and Ebinger, Friedrich and Calvano, Claudia and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Roles of Lactose and Fructose Malabsorption and Dietary Outcomes in Children Presenting with Chronic Abdominal Pain},
  series = {Nutrients},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Nutrients},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2072-6643},
  doi       = {10.3390/nu11123063},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Intolerance to lactose or fructose is frequently diagnosed in children with chronic abdominal pain (CAP). However, the causal relationship remains a matter of discussion. A cohort of 253 patients, aged 7-12 years, presenting with unexplained CAP received standardized diagnostics. Additional diagnostic tests were performed based on their medical history and physical and laboratory investigations. Fructose and lactose hydrogen breath tests (H2BT) as well as empiric diagnostic elimination diets were performed in 135 patients reporting abdominal pain related to the consumption of lactose or fructose to evaluate carbohydrate intolerance as a potential cause of CAP. Carbohydrate malabsorption by H2BT was found in 55 (41\%) out of 135 patients. An abnormal increase in H2BT was revealed in 30\% (35/118) of patients after fructose consumption and in 18\% (20/114) of patients after lactose administration. Forty-six percent (25/54) reported pain relief during a diagnostic elimination diet. In total, 17 patients had lactose malabsorption, 29 fructose malabsorption, and nine combined carbohydrate malabsorption. Carbohydrate intolerance as a cause of CAP was diagnosed at follow-up in only 18\% (10/55) of patients with malabsorption after the elimination of the respective carbohydrate. Thus, carbohydrate malabsorption appears to be an incidental finding in children with functional abdominal pain disorders, rather than its cause. Therefore, testing of carbohydrate intolerance should only be considered in children with a strong clinical suspicion and with the goal to prevent long-term unnecessary dietary restrictions in children suffering from CAP.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{PetermannWarschburger2007,
  author    = {Petermann, Franz and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Ratgeber {\"U}bergewicht : Informationen f{\"u}r Betroffene, Eltern, Lehrer und Erzieher},
  series = {Ratgeber Kinder- und Jugendpsychologie},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Ratgeber Kinder- und Jugendpsychologie},
  publisher = {Hogrefe},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  isbn      = {978-3-8017-1628-8},
  pages     = {70 S.},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{CalvanoWarschburger2018,
  author    = {Calvano, Claudia and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Quality of life among parents seeking treatment for their child's functional abdominal pain},
  series = {Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {0962-9343},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11136-018-1916-2},
  pages     = {2557 -- 2570},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Purpose: Dealing with a child who suffers from functional abdominal pain (FAP) is a major challenge for the child's parents. However, little is known about the quality of life (QoL) of this group of parents. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of parental QoL among parents seeking treatment for their child's abdominal pain. Methods: 133 parents of 7-13-year-old children diagnosed with FAP reported on their health-related QoL (HRQoL), as assessed by the SF-12, and on caregiver-related QoL, as assessed by two CHQ-PF50 scales (emotional impact, time impact). T tests were used to compare the parents' scores on these measures with reference scores. Subgroups which were at risk of impairment were defined by cut-off scores. Determinants of parental QoL were identified by hierarchical regression analyses. Results: While the parents showed significantly poorer mental health compared to population-based reference samples (d = 0.33-0.58), their physical health did not differ. However, parents were severely strained with respect to the time impact and emotional impact of their child's health (d = 0.33-1.58). While 12.7-27.9\% of the parents were at risk of poor HRQoL, 60.6-70.1\% were highly strained due to the demands of their role as caregivers. Physical and mental health were best explained by parents' psychiatric symptoms, while parents' perception of their child's impairment additionally determined the high time and emotional impact. Conclusions: Physical HRQoL is not impaired in the majority of parents seeking treatment for their child's functional abdominal pain. However, the time demands and worries due to the child's pain deserve specific attention. Psychosocial interventions for a child's FAP should include information provided to the parents about coping with time constraints and emotional impact. Further prospective studies are warranted.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GmeinerWarschburger2020,
  author    = {Gmeiner, Michaela Silvia and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Psychotherapie bei juveniler Adipositas},
  series = {Psychotherapeut},
  volume    = {66},
  journal   = {Psychotherapeut},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0935-6185},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00278-020-00474-2},
  pages     = {16 -- 22},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background Obesity is widespread in childhood and adolescence. Medical rehabilitation measures with a comprehensive range of treatment options represent an essential pillar of care. As obesity is associated with a wide range of psychosocial burdens, the question arises as to whether psychotherapeutic services should be given even greater consideration. Objective The main goal was to examine the rate of psychological problems among children and adolescents with obesity and their association with the weight loss course. Material and methods The sample consisted of 220 children and adolescents with obesity (8-16 years, M = 13.11 years, SD +/- 1.88 years; 54.5\% female) who participated in an inpatient rehabilitation. Emotional and behavioral problems were assessed (strengths and difficulties questionnaire, SDQ via parental report) at the beginning of rehabilitation as well as 6 and 12 months after completion. Anthropometric data for determination of the weight status were collected by medical personnel of the clinics or in the follow-up by family doctors. Results Almost half of the children and adolescents (48.6\%) showed abnormal values and girls in particular were affected significantly more often. The descriptive inspection after rehabilitation revealed a similarly high proportion. The presence of psychological problems had a significant negative effect on the weight course. Conclusion Psychological problems should be given greater consideration in the context of obesity therapy. On the one hand potentially burdened children should be identified by screening, on the other hand psychotherapy to reduce psychosocial strain should be an integral part of the treatment concept.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WarschburgerKuhne2014,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Kuhne, Daniela},
  title     = {Psychosocial determinants of quality of life in parents of obese children seeking inpatient treatment},
  series = {Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation},
  volume    = {23},
  journal   = {Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {0962-9343},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11136-014-0659-y},
  pages     = {1985 -- 1995},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {To examine and identify predictors of parental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a sample of obese and very obese children participating in an inpatient program for treating obesity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BrauhardtBuergerWarschburgeretal.2011,
  author    = {Brauhardt, A. and Buerger, Arne and Warschburger, Petra and Spenner, K. and Czaja, J. and Hilbert, A.},
  title     = {Psychopathological Assessment of eating and weight disorders in children and adolescents the eating disorder examination for children - eating disorder pathology and obesity},
  series = {Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie},
  volume    = {61},
  booktitle = {Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Thieme},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  issn      = {0937-2032},
  pages     = {94 -- 94},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WortmannGischWarschburger2021,
  author    = {Wortmann, Hanna Rosalie and Gisch, Ulrike Alexandra and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Variety Seeking Tendency Scale (VARSEEK)},
  series = {Food quality and preference},
  volume    = {94},
  journal   = {Food quality and preference},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0950-3293},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104319},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {As part of a healthy diet, guidelines recommend eating a variety of foods to reduce risks associated with malnutrition. However, whether people follow this recommendation substantially depends on their willingness to try unfamiliar foods, also referred to as food neophilia. This study aimed at comprehensively validating the German version of the Variety Seeking Tendency Scale (VARSEEK), a common instrument to assess food neophilia. Two independent sub-studies were conducted to examine the German VARSEEK's psychometric properties. Study 1 (N = 532, aged 18-91 years) and Study 2 (N = 468, aged 18-73 years) each comprised a German community sample. Data were collected both online and via a paper-pencil version. Whereas Study 1 included an EFA, Study 2 comprised a CFA, analyses of the VARSEEK's reliability and construct validity, and different explorative group comparisons. EFA and CFA results supported the original scale's unidimensionality. Internal consistency (alpha = .93) and test-retest reliability (r = .87) of the scale were high. VARSEEK scores were positively associated with openness, sensation seeking, and extraversion and negatively associated with food neophobia, general neophobia, and trait anxiety. Construct validity was further established by showing positive associations with ratings of familiarity with and willingness to try familiar and unfamiliar foods. Whereas group comparisons revealed no significant differences for sex, age, and weight status, analyses showed that people who belonged to the upper class were more food neophilic than those assigned to the lower and middle class. Findings further underscore that the German VARSEEK is a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of food neophilia in the German population.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RuzanskaWarschburger2017,
  author    = {Ruzanska, Ulrike Alexandra and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 in a community sample},
  series = {Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking},
  volume    = {117},
  journal   = {Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0195-6663},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.018},
  pages     = {126 -- 134},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HilbertBuergerHartmannetal.2013,
  author    = {Hilbert, Anja and Buerger, Arne and Hartmann, Andrea S. and Spenner, Kristina and Czaja, Julia and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Psychometric evaluation of the eating disorder examination adapted for children},
  series = {European eating disorders review : the professional journal of the Eating Disorders Associatio},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {European eating disorders review : the professional journal of the Eating Disorders Associatio},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {1072-4133},
  doi       = {10.1002/erv.2221},
  pages     = {330 -- 339},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The Eating Disorder Examination adapted for children (ChEDE) is the child version of the semi-structured gold standard eating disorder interview for adults. This study was a comprehensive test statistic evaluation of the German ChEDE in a large sample of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, loss of control eating, overweight and obesity, as well as non-eating-disordered and chronically ill control probands (n=352). Excellent inter-rater reliability, adequate internal consistency and satisfactory stability of ChEDE indicators were demonstrated. ChEDE indicators discriminated between diverse forms of eating and weight disturbances and normative eating and were significantly correlated with conceptually related measures. Factorial validity was not convincing; a brief eight-item scale showed the best fit. Item statistics were mostly acceptable. Overall, the ChEDE's German translation reliably and validly assesses psychopathology across the eating and weight disorder spectrum and facilitates international comparison of eating disorder research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Warschburger2006,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Psychologisch-psychiatrische Grund- und Folgeerkrankungen},
  isbn      = {978-3-88616-125-6},
  year      = {2006},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WarschburgerBuchholzvonSchwerinetal.2004,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Buchholz, H. T. and von Schwerin, A.-D. and Petermann, Franz},
  title     = {Psychological adjustment in parents of young children with atopic dermatitis : which factors predict parental quality of life?},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Background Bringing up children with atopic dermatitis (AD) is widely perceived as being stressful because parenting demands considerable time and energy. There have been only a few studies to assess the extent of problems experienced by the parents. Objective To assess the psychosocial well-being of parents caring for a young child with AD and to examine the relationship between parental quality of life and disease-related and sociodemographic variables. Methods One hundred and eighty-seven parents of young children with AD attending an inpatient rehabilitation clinic participated in the study. At admission, parents completed a set of questionnaires (assessing health-related quality of life, coping with the disease, family functioning). Dermatologists assessed disease severity using the severity scoring of AD index (SCORAD). Results In general, parents cope well with their situation. Compared with normal values, high rates of psychological distress were observed in a subsample of parents of children with AD. Parents of children with a higher severity of disease reported a significantly higher impact on family functioning, a greater financial burden and a higher level of disease management. Parental disease management could be predicted by the familial situation, their personal well-being and the severity of disease of their child. Differences attributed to their child's gender or age were not observed. Conclusions Childhood AD has a profound impact on the emotional and social well-being of many of the parents. The results underline the importance of psychological treatment approaches designed to increase parental well-being and ability to cope with stress and social strain},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WarschburgerRichter2009,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Richter, Maria},
  title     = {Pr{\"a}vention kindlichen {\"u}bergewichts : elterliche Selbstwirksamkeit und Handlungsergebniserwartungen},
  issn      = {0943-8149},
  doi       = {10.1026/0943-8149.17.1.22},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Adipositas ist ein ernstzunehmendes gesundheitliches Problem, welches das physische und psychosoziale Wohlbefinden von Kindern und deren Eltern beeintraechtigt und somit wirksamer praeventiver Ansaetze bedarf. Dabei ist es bedeutsam, welche Barrieren, Anreize und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen Eltern fuer oder gegen die Teilnahme an solchen Programmen entscheiden lassen. Ziel der Studie war es zu untersuchen, wie Muetter ihre Selbstwirksamkeits- und Handlungsergebniserwartungen beschreiben und inwieweit sich soziodemografische Aspekte auf diese Einschaetzungen auswirken. Insgesamt wurden 219 Muetter von Kindern im Alter von 3-6 Jahren befragt. Mehr als die Haelfte der befragten Muetter waren uebergewichtig bzw. adipoes sowie 12\% der Kinder. Es ergaben sich weder fuer das Alter und das Geschlecht des Kindes noch fuer das Familieneinkommen Unterschiede in den Handlungsergebniserwartungen. Muetter mit geringerer Bildung nahmen weniger Anreize wahr und Muetter mit uebergewichtigen Kindern sahen weniger Barrieren fuer eine Programmteilnahme. uebergewichtige Muetter dagegen bewerteten die Barrieren und Anreize hoeher als normalgewichtige Muetter. Hinsichtlich der Selbstwirksamkeit ergaben sich ebenfalls Unterschiede bezueglich der Bildung und des Gewichts der Mutter sowie des Kindes. Im Vorfeld einer Intervention sollte ein Beratungsgespraech bezogen auf die muetterlichen Erwartungen stattfinden, um die Teilnahmebereitschaft und den Programmerfolg zu unterstuetzen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoffmannWarschburger2019,
  author    = {Hoffmann, Svenja and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Prospective relations among internalization of beauty ideals, body image concerns, and body change behaviors},
  series = {Body image : an international journal of research},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {Body image : an international journal of research},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1740-1445},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.01.011},
  pages     = {159 -- 167},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Common models propose that the internalization of societal beauty ideals influences disordered eating behaviors and muscularity-oriented behaviors via body image concerns. However, previous studies addressing these pathways have been mainly cross-sectional and primarily included female samples. We investigated these pathways prospectively in male and female adolescents and young adults, examining two pathways: a 'weight/shape pathway,' linking thin-ideal internalization, weight/shape concern, and restrained eating, and a 'muscularity pathway,' linking athletic-ideal internalization, muscularity concern, and muscularity-oriented behavior. Across three time points, 973 participants from the German general population were assessed. Although the hypothesized pathways could not be supported in their complete temporal sequence, several hypothesized pathways occurred across two time points. Among others, weight/shape concern predicted restrained eating and the athletic ideal played a prominent role in the prediction of muscularity-oriented behavior in both genders.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SehmWarschburger2016,
  author    = {Sehm, Marie and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Prospective associations between binge eating and psychological risk factors in adolescence},
  series = {Journal of Clinical Child \& Adolescent Psychology},
  volume    = {47},
  journal   = {Journal of Clinical Child \& Adolescent Psychology},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {1537-4416},
  doi       = {10.1080/15374416.2016.1178124},
  pages     = {770 -- 784},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {There is evidence that intrapersonal psychological factors might contribute to the development of binge eating. However, studies considering reciprocal effects between risk factors and disordered eating are rare. The present article investigates the nature of the temporal relationships between binge eating and low self-esteem, depressive symptoms, interoceptive deficits, perfectionism, weight/shape concerns, dietary restraint, and the internalization of the societal body ideal in adolescence while taking into account the moderating effects of age and gender. A German population-based sample of 1039 boys and girls from 12 to 19 years of age answered self-report questionnaires on risk factors and eating pathology on 2 measurement points separated by 20months. Data were analyzed using a cross-lagged panel design. Low self-esteem, interoceptive deficits, weight/shape concerns, and the internalization of the societal body ideal predicted binge eating longitudinally in bivariate analyses. Binge eating predicted later depressive symptoms, whereas perfectionism and dietary restraint were not longitudinally linked to binge eating in either direction. Low self-esteem and weight/shape concerns emerged as multivariate predictors of binge eating in girls and boys, respectively. No moderating effects of age were observed. The results suggest that depressive symptoms might rather be a consequence of binge eating than a risk factor, and this underscores that even subclinical eating pathology might be associated with negative psychological outcomes. Central risk factors that should be targeted in prevention programs might be low self-esteem for girls and weight/shape concerns for boys.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KroellerWarschburger2011,
  author    = {Kroeller, Katja and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Problematic eating behavior in childhood do maternal feeding patterns play a role?},
  series = {Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie : Ergebnisse aus Psychotherapie, Beratung und Psychiatrie},
  volume    = {60},
  journal   = {Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie : Ergebnisse aus Psychotherapie, Beratung und Psychiatrie},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Vandenhoeck \& Ruprecht},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {0032-7034},
  pages     = {253 -- 269},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Past research indicates an association in adults and young people of emotional and contextual factors with a higher risk for the development of eating disorders or obesity. Few studies focus on problematic eating patterns in childhood, especially in association with parental feeding strategies. 482 mothers completed a questionnaire about eating behaviors and the weight status of their 1- to 10-year-old child as well as their own feeding strategies. A classification of the child's eating behavior (food responsiveness, emotional eating, external eating, eating time and meal structure) using hierarchical cluster analysis revealed a conspicuous eating pattern (10 \%) showing above-average values in all eating behaviors. Controlling for weight and demographic variables mothers of children with conspicuous eating patterns were characterized by restrictive strategies and were less likely to encourage or facilitate their child to control his or her eating. Similar problematic eating patterns were also identified in early childhood. The association of maternal feeding strategies - beyond weight control issues - with conspicuous eating patterns in children might indicate a possibility of early prevention through parent training.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{HoffmannWarschburger2018,
  author    = {Hoffmann, Svenja and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Patterns of body image concerns in adolescence and early adulthood},
  series = {Eating Behaviors},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Eating Behaviors},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1471-0153},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.02.002},
  pages     = {28 -- 34},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The present study aimed at identifying latent profiles of body image concerns in adolescents and young adults. Subsequently, associations between these profiles and potentially harmful behaviors are examined. Self-report data of 758 male and female adolescents, aged 14 to 22 years, were analyzed. Participants provided demographic and anthropometric data and completed surveys on weight/shape and muscularity concern as well as on disturbed eating behaviors and dysfunctional exercise. Latent profile analyses of weight/shape concern and muscularity concern were performed separately for each gender. The analyses indicated three-class solutions in men and women. In both genders, the inconspicuous class, characterized by small amounts of weight/shape and muscularity concerns, was the largest one (86\% in men, 68\% in women). Whereas 10\% of the men and 23\% of the women were assigned to the borderline class, 4\% of the men and 8\% of the women formed the conspicuous class (marked weight/shape and muscularity concerns). Between genders, the degrees of muscularity concern differed in the borderline and inconspicuous classes, while the degrees of weight/shape concern differed in the inconspicuous class only. The comparable degrees of weight/shape and muscularity concerns in men and women in the affected classes underline the relevance of both aspects in both genders. Classes could be distinguished by harmful behaviors, like restrained eating or emotional exercise, proving the clinical significance of body image concerns.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Warschburger2003,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Patientenschulung : Ziele und Konzepte},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {de}
}
@unpublished{Warschburger2013,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Nutrition in children and adolescents},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Gesundheitspsychologie},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Gesundheitspsychologie},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Hogrefe},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {0943-8149},
  pages     = {49 -- 52},
  year      = {2013},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WarschburgerPetermann2004,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Petermann, Franz},
  title     = {Neurodermitiskranke Kinder und Jugendliche : psychosoziale Belastungen und Krankheitsbew{\"a}ltigung},
  isbn      = {3-89783-425-1},
  year      = {2004},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{WarschburgerKroeller2009,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Kroeller, Katja},
  title     = {Maternal perception of weight status and health risks associated with obesity in children},
  issn      = {0031-4005},
  doi       = {10.1542/peds.2008-1845},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {OBJECTIVE: To examine factors associated with the maternal perception of the weight status in related and unrelated children and to examine whether associated health risks for children's physical and mental health are recognized. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred nineteen mothers with children between 3 and 6 years of age took part in this study. The participating mothers were recruited from inpatient clinics and kindergartens. Parents were presented with 9 silhouettes representing different age- and gender-specific BMI percentiles. Demographic and weight-related variables were assessed with regard to their influence on the accuracy of the maternal weight estimation in general and for their own child. RESULTS: Of the participating mothers, 64.5\% identified the overweight silhouettes of preschool- aged children correctly. However, only 48.8\% of the mothers identified the overweight silhouettes associated with an increased risk for physical health problems, and 38.7\% identified the silhouettes associated with an increased mental health risk. Mothers with a lower educational background were more likely to misclassify the overweight silhouettes and underestimate the associated health problems. For their own child, only 40.3\% of the mothers chose silhouettes that were in agreement with the objective weight status of their child. This underestimation was associated with a higher maternal and child weight status but not with a general inability to identify the weight status of children. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying unrelated overweight silhouettes is influenced by maternal education level, whereas estimating their own child's weight status is influenced by the weight status of the mother and the child. Hence, feedback on the child's risk to become overweight is necessary to increase maternal risk awareness and willingness to take part in prevention programs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KroellerWarschburger2009,
  author    = {Kr{\"o}ller, Katja and Warschburger, Petra},
  title     = {Maternal feeding strategies and child's food intake : considering weight and demographic influences using structural equation modeling},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-45023},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Background: Research concerning child's food intake have considered various influencing factors, for example parental feeding strategies, demographic and weight factors. At this time, however, there are few findings that explore these factors simultaneously. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to test a structural equation model regarding the associations between maternal feeding strategies and child's food intake. Methods: 556 mothers and their children between 1 and 10 years of age participated in this crosssectional study. Besides socio-demographic and weight data, the mothers were asked about their feeding strategies as well as their child's food intake. Results: The well-fitting model explained 73\% of the variance in the child's consumption of healthy and 34\% of unhealthy food. In addition to the effect of the mother's social status and the child's age, a rewarding and modeling feeding behavior significantly influenced the child's food intake. Conclusion: The results highlight the relevance of maternal feeding behavior on the child's food intake. In terms of preventing eating- or weight-related problems, the findings indicate the usefulness of training parents in explicit modeling behavior and avoiding food as a reward.},
  language  = {en}
}