@article{PiekarczykHeitmannWeissetal.2020,
  author    = {Piekarczyk, Andreas and Heitmann, Ulrike and Weiß, Karl-Anders and K{\"o}hl, Michael and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Development of a simple setup for temperature dependent mass spectrometric measurements for the investigation of outgassing effects in polymeric materials for solar application},
  series = {Polymer testing},
  volume    = {81},
  journal   = {Polymer testing},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0142-9418},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.106164},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {A simple experimental setup for temperature dependent mass spectrometric measurements has been constructed. It consists of a heated sample chamber and a mass spectrometer and allows for measurements under inert gas and ambient air. Based on initial measurements on two extruded polystyrene (XPS) samples a methodology for the data analysis has been developed. With this methodology the outgassing temperature of volatile compounds, which were used as blowing agents, has been identified. Furthermore, the composition of the blowing agents has been analyzed by temperature dependent mass spectra. The results indicate the use of ambient air in one material and a mixture of the banned blowing agents R142b and R22, both hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), in the other material. The here described methodology provides an easy to use approach to identify such compounds, for example as part of environmental or quality control.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaldSolov'yovMasonetal.2020,
  author    = {Bald, Ilko and Solov'yov, Ilia A. and Mason, Nigel J. and Solov'yov, Andrey V.},
  title     = {Special issue},
  series = {The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics},
  volume    = {74},
  journal   = {The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {1434-6060},
  doi       = {10.1140/epjd/e2020-10134-4},
  pages     = {75 -- 82},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The structure, formation and dynamics of both animate and inanimate matter on the nanoscale are a highly interdisciplinary field of rapidly emerging research engaging a broad community encompassing experimentalists, theorists, and technologists. It is relevant for a large variety of molecular and nanosystems of different origin and composition and concerns numerous phenomena originating from physics, chemistry, biology, or materials science. This Topical Issue presents a collection of original research papers devoted to different aspects of structure and dynamics on the nanoscale. Some of the contributions discuss specific applications of the research results in several modern technologies and in next generation medicine. Most of the works of this topical issue were reported at the Fifth International Conference on Dynamics of Systems on the Nanoscale (DySoN) - the premier forum for the presentation of cutting-edge research in this field that was held in Potsdam, Germany in October of 2018.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchmidtSchierackGerberetal.2020,
  author    = {Schmidt, Carsten and Schierack, Peter and Gerber, Ulrike and Schroeder, Christian and Choi, Youngeun and Bald, Ilko and Lehmann, Werner and R{\"o}diger, Stefan},
  title     = {Streptavidin homologues for applications on solid surfaces at high temperatures},
  series = {Langmuir},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {Langmuir},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0743-7463},
  doi       = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02339},
  pages     = {628 -- 636},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {One of the most commonly used bonds between two biomolecules is the bond between biotin and streptavidin (SA) or streptavidin homologues (SAHs). A high dissociation constant and the consequent high-temperature stability even allows for its use in nucleic acid detection under polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions. There are a number of SAHs available, and for assay design, it is of great interest to determine as to which SAH will perform the best under assay conditions. Although there are numerous single studies on the characterization of SAHs in solution or selected solid phases, there is no systematic study comparing different SAHs for biomolecule-binding, hybridization, and PCR assays on solid phases. We compared streptavidin, core streptavidin, traptavidin, core traptavidin, neutravidin, and monomeric streptavidin on the surface of microbeads (10-15 mu m in diameter) and designed multiplex microbead-based experiments and analyzed simultaneously the binding of biotinylated oligonucleotides and the hybridization of oligonucleotides to complementary capture probes. We also bound comparably large DNA origamis to capture probes on the microbead surface. We used a real-time fluorescence microscopy imaging platform, with which it is possible to subject samples to a programmable time and temperature profile and to record binding processes on the microbead surface depending on the time and temperature. With the exception of core traptavidin and monomeric streptavidin, all other SA/SAHs were suitable for our investigations. We found hybridization efficiencies close to 100\% for streptavidin, core streptavidin, traptavidin, and neutravidin. These could all be considered equally suitable for hybridization, PCR applications, and melting point analysis. The SA/SAH-biotin bond was temperature sensitive when the oligonucleotide was mono-biotinylated, with traptavidin being the most stable followed by streptavidin and neutravidin. Mono-biotinylated oligonucleotides can be used in experiments with temperatures up to 70 degrees C. When oligonucleotides were bis-biotinylated, all SA/SAH-biotin bonds had similar temperature stability under PCR conditions, even if they comprised a streptavidin variant with slower biotin dissociation and increased mechanostability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchneiderFritzschePuciulMalinowskaetal.2020,
  author    = {Schneider, Matthias and Fritzsche, Nora and Puciul-Malinowska, Agnieszka and Baliś, Andrzej and Mostafa, Amr and Bald, Ilko and Zapotoczny, Szczepan and Taubert, Andreas},
  title     = {Surface etching of 3D printed poly(lactic acid) with NaOH},
  series = {Polymers},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Polymers},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4360},
  doi       = {10.3390/polym12081711},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The article describes a systematic investigation of the effects of an aqueous NaOH treatment of 3D printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds for surface activation. The PLA surface undergoes several morphology changes and after an initial surface roughening, the surface becomes smoother again before the material dissolves. Erosion rates and surface morphologies can be controlled by the treatment. At the same time, the bulk mechanical properties of the treated materials remain unaltered. This indicates that NaOH treatment of 3D printed PLA scaffolds is a simple, yet viable strategy for surface activation without compromising the mechanical stability of PLA scaffolds.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MarquesSmialekSchuermannetal.2020,
  author    = {Marques, Telma S. and Smialek, Malgorzata A. and Sch{\"u}rmann, Robin and Bald, Ilko and Raposo, Maria and Eden, Sam and Mason, Nigel J.},
  title     = {Decomposition of halogenated nucleobases by surface plasmon resonance excitation of gold nanoparticles},
  series = {The European physical journal : D, Atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics},
  volume    = {74},
  journal   = {The European physical journal : D, Atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1434-6060},
  doi       = {10.1140/epjd/e2020-10208-3},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Halogenated uracil derivatives are of great interest in modern cancer therapy, either as chemotherapeutics or radiosensitisers depending on their halogen atom. This work applies UV-Vis spectroscopy to study the radiation damage of uracil, 5-bromouracil and 5-fluorouracil dissolved in water in the presence of gold nanoparticles upon irradiation with an Nd:YAG ns-pulsed laser operating at 532 nm at different fluences. Gold nanoparticles absorb light efficiently by their surface plasmon resonance and can significantly damage DNA in their vicinity by an increase of temperature and the generation of reactive secondary species, notably radical fragments and low energy electrons. A recent study using the same experimental approach characterized the efficient laser-induced decomposition of the pyrimidine ring structure of 5-bromouracil mediated by the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles. The present results show that the presence of irradiated gold nanoparticles decomposes the ring structure of uracil and its halogenated derivatives with similar efficiency. In addition to the fragmentation of the pyrimidine ring, for 5-bromouracil the cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond could be observed, whereas for 5-fluorouracil this reaction channel was inhibited. Locally-released halogen atoms can react with molecular groups within DNA, hence this result indicates a specific mechanism by which doping with 5-bromouracil can enhance DNA damage in the proximity of laser irradiated gold nanoparticles.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchneiderFritzschePuciulMalinowskaetal.2020,
  author    = {Schneider, Matthias and Fritzsche, Nora and Puciul-Malinowska, Agnieszka and Balis, Andrzej and Mostafa, Amr and Bald, Ilko and Zapotoczny, Szczepan and Taubert, Andreas},
  title     = {Surface etching of 3D printed poly(lactic acid) with NaOH: a systematic approach},
  series = {Polymers},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Polymers},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The article describes a systematic investigation of the effects of an aqueous NaOH treatment of 3D printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds for surface activation. The PLA surface undergoes several morphology changes and after an initial surface roughening, the surface becomes smoother again before the material dissolves. Erosion rates and surface morphologies can be controlled by the treatment. At the same time, the bulk mechanical properties of the treated materials remain unaltered. This indicates that NaOH treatment of 3D printed PLA scaffolds is a simple, yet viable strategy for surface activation without compromising the mechanical stability of PLA scaffolds.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BechmannBald2020,
  author    = {Bechmann, Wolfgang and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Chemische Thermodynamik},
  series = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  journal   = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  edition   = {7. Auflage},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-62034-2},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-62034-2_1},
  pages     = {13 -- 140},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Der Begriff Thermodynamik ist von den griechischen W{\"o}rtern ϑερμος (warm) und δυναμις (Kraft) abgeleitet. Er steht f{\"u}r das Teilgebiet der Physik (W{\"a}rmelehre), das sich vor allem mit der Umwandlung von W{\"a}rmeenergie in andere Energieformen bei physikalischen Vorg{\"a}ngen befasst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BechmannBald2020,
  author    = {Bechmann, Wolfgang and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {L{\"o}sungen},
  series = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  journal   = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  edition   = {7. Auflage},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-62033-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-62034-2_5},
  pages     = {459 -- 492},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In diesem Kapitel finden Sie die L{\"o}sungen zu den {\"U}bungsaufgaben.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BechmannBald2020,
  author    = {Bechmann, Wolfgang and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Reaktionskinetik},
  series = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  journal   = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  edition   = {7. Auflage},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-62033-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-62034-2_2},
  pages     = {141 -- 220},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Bei der Untersuchung chemischer Reaktionen interessiert zun{\"a}chst, welche Reaktionsprodukte aus gegebenen Ausgangsstoffen gebildet werden k{\"o}nnen. Wichtig sind weiterhin Angaben zum m{\"o}glichen Grad der Umsetzung der Ausgangsstoffe und zur Energiebilanz einer Reaktion. Damit sind aber noch keine Aussagen {\"u}ber den zeitlichen Ablauf der Stoffumwandlung getroffen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BechmannBald2020,
  author    = {Bechmann, Wolfgang and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Elektrochemie},
  series = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  journal   = {Einstieg in die Physikalische Chemie f{\"u}r Naturwissenschaftler},
  edition   = {7. Auflage},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-62033-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-62034-2_3},
  pages     = {221 -- 301},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Es war eine Reihe experimenteller Befunde, die zur Entwicklung dieses Teilgebietes der Physikalischen Chemie und auch zu seiner Unterteilung f{\"u}hrte. Die Liste der Namen, die mit den Experimenten verkn{\"u}pft sind, liest sich nicht nur wie eine Zeittafel der Geschichte der Elektrizit{\"a}tslehre, sondern auch der Physikalischen Chemie selbst.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BechmannBald2020,
  author    = {Bechmann, Wolfgang and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Wechselwirkung zwischen elektromagnetischer Strahlung und Stoff - Grundlagen der Spektroskopie},
  edition   = {7. Auflage},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-662-62033-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-62034-2_4},
  pages     = {303 -- 457},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Unter elektromagnetischer Strahlung versteht man eine Welle aus gekoppelten elektrischen und magnetischen Feldern. Stoffe, die dieser Welle ausgesetzt sind, k{\"o}nnen von ihr Energie aufnehmen. Dabei wechseln die Stoffe zwischen ihrem, der jeweiligen Temperatur entsprechenden energetischen Grundzustand G und einem energetisch angeregten Zustand A* (Abbildung 4.1).},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{TapioBald2020,
  author    = {Tapio, Kosti and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {The potential of DNA origami to build multifunctional materials},
  series = {Multifunctional Materials},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Multifunctional Materials},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {IOP Publishing},
  address   = {Bristol},
  issn      = {2399-7532},
  doi       = {10.1088/2399-7532/ab80d5},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The development of the DNA origami technique has revolutionized the field of DNA nanotechnology as it allows to create virtually any arbitrarily shaped nanostructure out of DNA on a 10-100 nm length scale by a rather robust self-assembly process. Additionally, DNA origami nanostructures can be modified with chemical entities with nanometer precision, which allows to tune precisely their properties, their mutual interactions and interactions with their environment. The flexibility and modularity of DNA origami allows also for the creation of dynamic nanostructures, which opens up a plethora of possible functions and applications. Here we review the fundamental properties of DNA origami nanostructures, the wide range of functions that arise from these properties and finally present possible applications of DNA origami based multifunctional materials.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EbelBald2020,
  author    = {Ebel, Kenny and Bald, Ilko},
  title     = {Length and Energy Dependence of Low-Energy Electron-Induced Strand Breaks in Poly(A) DNA},
  series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Molecular Diversity Preservation International},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1422-0067},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijms21010111},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The DNA in living cells can be effectively damaged by high-energy radiation, which can lead to cell death. Through the ionization of water molecules, highly reactive secondary species such as low-energy electrons (LEEs) with the most probable energy around 10 eV are generated, which are able to induce DNA strand breaks via dissociative electron attachment. Absolute DNA strand break cross sections of specific DNA sequences can be efficiently determined using DNA origami nanostructures as platforms exposing the target sequences towards LEEs. In this paper, we systematically study the effect of the oligonucleotide length on the strand break cross section at various irradiation energies. The present work focuses on poly-adenine sequences (d(A₄), d(A₈), d(A₁₂), d(A₁₆), and d(A₂₀)) irradiated with 5.0, 7.0, 8.4, and 10 eV electrons. Independent of the DNA length, the strand break cross section shows a maximum around 7.0 eV electron energy for all investigated oligonucleotides confirming that strand breakage occurs through the initial formation of negative ion resonances. When going from d(A₄) to d(A₁₆), the strand break cross section increases with oligonucleotide length, but only at 7.0 and 8.4 eV, i.e., close to the maximum of the negative ion resonance, the increase in the strand break cross section with the length is similar to the increase of an estimated geometrical cross section. For d(A₂₀), a markedly lower DNA strand break cross section is observed for all electron energies, which is tentatively ascribed to a conformational change of the dA₂₀ sequence. The results indicate that, although there is a general length dependence of strand break cross sections, individual nucleotides do not contribute independently of the absolute strand break cross section of the whole DNA strand. The absolute quantification of sequence specific strand breaks will help develop a more accurate molecular level understanding of radiation induced DNA damage, which can then be used for optimized risk estimates in cancer radiation therapy.},
  language  = {en}
}