@article{RamiaramanantsoaRatnasingamShenaretal.2018, author = {Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina and Ratnasingam, Rathish and Shenar, Tomer and Moffat, Anthony F. J. and Rogers, Tamara M. and Popowicz, Adam and Kuschnig, Rainer and Pigulski, Andrzej and Handler, Gerald and Wade, Gregg A. and Zwintz, Konstanze and Weiss, Werner W.}, title = {A BRITE view on the massive O-type supergiant V973 Scorpii}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {480}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/sty1897}, pages = {972 -- 986}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Stochastically triggered photospheric light variations reaching similar to 40 mmag peak-to-valley amplitudes have been detected in the O8 Iaf supergiant V973 Scorpii as the outcome of 2 months of high-precision time-resolved photometric observations with the BRIght Target Explorer (BRITE) nanosatellites. The amplitude spectrum of the time series photometry exhibits a pronounced broad bump in the low-frequency regime (less than or similar to 0.9 d(-1)) where several prominent frequencies are detected. A time-frequency analysis of the observations reveals typical mode lifetimes of the order of 5-10 d. The overall features of the observed brightness amplitude spectrum of V973 Sco match well with those extrapolated from two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of convectively driven internal gravity waves randomly excited from deep in the convective cores of massive stars. An alternative or additional possible source of excitation from a sub-surface convection zone needs to be explored in future theoretical investigations.}, language = {en} } @article{ChristakoudiTsilidisMulleretal.2020, author = {Christakoudi, Sofa and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. and Muller, David C. and Freisling, Heinz and Weiderpass, Elisabete and Overvad, Kim and S{\"o}derberg, Stefan and H{\"a}ggstr{\"o}m, Christel and Pischon, Tobias and Dahm, Christina C. and Zhang, Jie and Tj{\o}nneland, Anne and Schulze, Matthias Bernd}, title = {A Body Shape Index (ABSI) achieves better mortality risk stratification than alternative indices of abdominal obesity: results from a large European cohort}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {10}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, pages = {15}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Abdominal and general adiposity are independently associated with mortality, but there is no consensus on how best to assess abdominal adiposity. We compared the ability of alternative waist indices to complement body mass index (BMI) when assessing all-cause mortality. We used data from 352,985 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for other risk factors. During a mean follow-up of 16.1 years, 38,178 participants died. Combining in one model BMI and a strongly correlated waist index altered the association patterns with mortality, to a predominantly negative association for BMI and a stronger positive association for the waist index, while combining BMI with the uncorrelated A Body Shape Index (ABSI) preserved the association patterns. Sex-specific cohort-wide quartiles of waist indices correlated with BMI could not separate high-risk from low-risk individuals within underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m(2)) or obese (BMI30 kg/m(2)) categories, while the highest quartile of ABSI separated 18-39\% of the individuals within each BMI category, which had 22-55\% higher risk of death. In conclusion, only a waist index independent of BMI by design, such as ABSI, complements BMI and enables efficient risk stratification, which could facilitate personalisation of screening, treatment and monitoring.}, language = {en} } @article{Scianna2018, author = {Scianna, Bastian Matteo}, title = {A Blueprint for Successful Peacekeeping?}, series = {The international history review}, volume = {41}, journal = {The international history review}, number = {3}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0707-5332}, doi = {10.1080/07075332.2018.1431804}, pages = {650 -- 672}, year = {2018}, abstract = {On 6 June 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon to fight the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). Between August 1982 and February 1984, the US, France, Britain and Italy deployed a Multinational Force (MNF) to Beirut. Its task was to act as an interposition force to bolster the government and to bring peace to the people. The mission is often forgotten or merely remembered in context with the bombing of US Marines' barracks. However, an analysis of the Italian contingent shows that the MNF was not doomed to fail and could accomplish its task when operational and diplomatic efforts were coordinated. The Italian commander in Beirut, General Franco Angioni, followed a successful approach that sustained neutrality, respectful behaviour and minimal force, which resulted in a qualified success of the Italian efforts.}, language = {en} } @article{Hoehnke1996, author = {Hoehnke, Hans-J{\"u}rgen}, title = {A Birkhoff theorem for partial algebras via completion}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{OmidbakhshfardNeerakkalGuptaetal.2020, author = {Omidbakhshfard, Mohammad Amin and Neerakkal, Sujeeth and Gupta, Saurabh and Omranian, Nooshin and Guinan, Kieran J. and Brotman, Yariv and Nikoloski, Zoran and Fernie, Alisdair R. and Mueller-Roeber, Bernd and Gechev, Tsanko S.}, title = {A Biostimulant Obtained from the Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum Protects Arabidopsis thaliana from Severe Oxidative Stress}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {21}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {Molecular Diversity Preservation International}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms21020474}, pages = {26}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Abiotic stresses cause oxidative damage in plants. Here, we demonstrate that foliar application of an extract from the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, SuperFifty (SF), largely prevents paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. While PQ-stressed plants develop necrotic lesions, plants pre-treated with SF (i.e., primed plants) were unaffected by PQ. Transcriptome analysis revealed induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) marker genes, genes involved in ROS-induced programmed cell death, and autophagy-related genes after PQ treatment. These changes did not occur in PQ-stressed plants primed with SF. In contrast, upregulation of several carbohydrate metabolism genes, growth, and hormone signaling as well as antioxidant-related genes were specific to SF-primed plants. Metabolomic analyses revealed accumulation of the stress-protective metabolite maltose and the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates fumarate and malate in SF-primed plants. Lipidome analysis indicated that those lipids associated with oxidative stress-induced cell death and chloroplast degradation, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs), declined upon SF priming. Our study demonstrated that SF confers tolerance to PQ-induced oxidative stress in A. thaliana, an effect achieved by modulating a range of processes at the transcriptomic, metabolic, and lipid levels.}, language = {en} } @article{BadalyanNeumannSchaalLeimkuehleretal.2013, author = {Badalyan, Artavazd and Neumann-Schaal, Meina and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke and Wollenberger, Ursula}, title = {A Biosensor for aromatic aldehydes comprising the mediator dependent PaoABC-Aldehyde oxidoreductase}, series = {Electroanalysis : an international journal devoted to fundamental and practical aspects of electroanalysis}, volume = {25}, journal = {Electroanalysis : an international journal devoted to fundamental and practical aspects of electroanalysis}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1040-0397}, doi = {10.1002/elan.201200362}, pages = {101 -- 108}, year = {2013}, abstract = {A novel aldehyde oxidoreductase (PaoABC) from Escherichia coli was utilized for the development of an oxygen insensitive biosensor for benzaldehyde. The enzyme was immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol and currents were measured for aldehyde oxidation with different one and two electron mediators with the highest sensitivity for benzaldehyde in the presence of hexacyanoferrate(III). The benzaldehyde biosensor was optimized with respect to mediator concentration, enzyme loading and pH using potassium hexacyanoferrate(III). The linear measuring range is between 0.5200 mu M benzaldehyde. In correspondence with the substrate selectivity of the enzyme in solution the biosensor revealed a preference for aromatic aldehydes and less effective conversion of aliphatic aldehydes. The biosensor is oxygen independent, which is a particularly attractive feature for application. The biosensor can be applied to detect contaminations with benzaldehyde in solvents such as benzyl alcohol, where traces of benzaldehyde in benzyl alcohol down to 0.0042?\% can be detected.}, language = {en} } @article{FelisattiLaubrockShakietal.2020, author = {Felisatti, Arianna and Laubrock, Jochen and Shaki, Samuel and Fischer, Martin H.}, title = {A biological foundation for spatial-numerical associations}, series = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences}, volume = {1477}, journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0077-8923}, doi = {10.1111/nyas.14418}, pages = {44 -- 53}, year = {2020}, abstract = {"Left" and "right" coordinates control our spatial behavior and even influence abstract thoughts. For number concepts, horizontal spatial-numerical associations (SNAs) have been widely documented: we associate few with left and many with right. Importantly, increments are universally coded on the right side even in preverbal humans and nonhuman animals, thus questioning the fundamental role of directional cultural habits, such as reading or finger counting. Here, we propose a biological, nonnumerical mechanism for the origin of SNAs on the basis of asymmetric tuning of animal brains for different spatial frequencies (SFs). The resulting selective visual processing predicts both universal SNAs and their context-dependence. We support our proposal by analyzing the stimuli used to document SNAs in newborns for their SF content. As predicted, the SFs contained in visual patterns with few versus many elements preferentially engage right versus left brain hemispheres, respectively, thus predicting left-versus rightward behavioral biases. Our "brain's asymmetric frequency tuning" hypothesis explains the perceptual origin of horizontal SNAs for nonsymbolic visual numerosities and might be extensible to the auditory domain.}, language = {en} } @article{BoechatWeithoffKruegeretal.2007, author = {Bo{\"e}chat, Iola G. and Weithoff, Guntram and Kr{\"u}ger, Angela and G{\"u}cker, Bj{\"o}rn and Adrian, Rita}, title = {A biochemical explanation for the success of the mixotrophy in the flagellate Ochromonas sp.}, issn = {0024-3590}, doi = {10.4319/lo.2007.52.4.1624}, year = {2007}, abstract = {We report the influence of different nutritional modes-autotrophy, mixotrophy, and heterotrophy-on the fatty acid and sterol composition of the freshwater flagellate Ochromonas sp. and discuss the ecological significance of our results with respect to the resource competition theory (rct). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are the most efficient biochemical variable distinguishing between nutritional modes of Ochromonas sp. Decreasing concentrations of PUFAs were observed in the order autotrophs, mixotrophs, heterotrophs. In mixotrophs and heterotrophs, concentrations of saturated fatty acids were higher than those of monounsaturated fatty acids and PUFAs as a result of bacterivory. Stigmasterol was the main sterol in Ochromonas sp., regardless of nutritional mode. Mixotrophs showed higher growth rates than heterotrophs, which could not be explained by rct. Heterotrophs, in turn, exhibited higher growth rates than autotrophs, which were cultured under the same light conditions as mixotrophs. Mixotrophs can synthesize PUFAs, which are important for many physiological functions such as membrane permeability and growth. Thus, mixotrophy facilitated efficient growth as well as the ability to synthesize complex and essential biomolecules. These strong synergetic effects are due to the combination of biochemical benefits of heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolic pathways and cannot be predicted by rct.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhangBramskiTutusetal.2019, author = {Zhang, Shuhao and Bramski, Julia and Tutus, Murat and Pietruszka, J{\"o}rg and B{\"o}ker, Alexander and Reinicke, Stefan}, title = {A Biocatalytically Active Membrane Obtained from Immobilization of 2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate Aldolase on a Porous Support}, series = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces}, volume = {11}, journal = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces}, number = {37}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1944-8244}, doi = {10.1021/acsami.9b12029}, pages = {34441 -- 34453}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Aldol reactions play an important role in organic synthesis, as they belong to the class of highly beneficial C-C-linking reactions. Aldol-type reactions can be efficiently and stereoselectively catalyzed by the enzyme 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) to gain key intermediates for pharmaceuticals such as atorvastatin. The immobilization of DERA would open the opportunity for a continuous operation mode which gives access to an efficient, large-scale production of respective organic intermediates. In this contribution, we synthesize and utilize DERA/polymer conjugates for the generation and fixation of a DERA bearing thin film on a polymeric membrane support. The conjugation strongly increases the tolerance of the enzyme toward the industrial relevant substrate acetaldehyde while UV-cross-linkable groups along the conjugated polymer chains provide the opportunity for covalent binding to the support. First, we provide a thorough characterization of the conjugates followed by immobilization tests on representative, nonporous cycloolefinic copolymer supports. Finally, immobilization on the target supports constituted of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes is performed, and the resulting enzymatically active membranes are implemented in a simple membrane module setup for the first assessment of biocatalytic performance in the continuous operation mode using the combination hexanal/acetaldehyde as the substrate.}, language = {en} } @article{LettauWarsinkeKatterleetal.2006, author = {Lettau, Kristian and Warsinke, Axel and Katterle, Martin and Danielsson, Bengt and Scheller, Frieder W.}, title = {A bifunctional molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP): analysis of binding and catalysis by a thermistor}, doi = {10.1002/anie.200601796}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Binding or catalysis? Both can be distinguished with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) by the different patterns of heat generation. The catalytically active sites, like in the corresponding enzyme, generate a steady-state temperature increase. Thus, enzyme-like catalysis and antibody-analogue binding are analyzed simultaneously in a bifunctional MIP for the first time (see scheme).}, language = {en} } @article{EremenkoMakowerBaueretal.1997, author = {Eremenko, A. V. and Makower, Alexander and Bauer, Christian G. and Kurochkin, I. N. and Scheller, Frieder W.}, title = {A bienzyme electrode for tyrosine containing peptides determination}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{GajovicWarsinkeScheller1998, author = {Gajovic, Nenad and Warsinke, Axel and Scheller, Frieder W.}, title = {A bienzyme electrode for L-malate based on a novel and general design}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{HuangWarsinkeKoroljovaSkorobogatkoetal.1999, author = {Huang, T. and Warsinke, Axel and Koroljova-Skorobogatko, O. V. and Makower, Alexander and Kuwana, T. and Scheller, Frieder W.}, title = {A bienzyme carbon paste electrode for the sensitive detection of NADPH and the measurement of glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{JannJantz2008, author = {Jann, Werner and Jantz, Bastian}, title = {A better performance and performance management?}, year = {2008}, language = {en} } @article{KlauschiesCoutinhoGaedke2018, author = {Klauschies, Toni and Coutinho, Renato Mendes and Gaedke, Ursula}, title = {A beta distribution-based moment closure enhances the reliability of trait-based aggregate models for natural populations and communities}, series = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, volume = {381}, journal = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0304-3800}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.02.001}, pages = {46 -- 77}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Ecological communities are complex adaptive systems that exhibit remarkable feedbacks between their biomass and trait dynamics. Trait-based aggregate models cope with this complexity by focusing on the temporal development of the community's aggregate properties such as its total biomass, mean trait and trait variance. They are based on particular assumptions about the shape of the underlying trait distribution, which is commonly assumed to be normal. However, ecologically important traits are usually restricted to a finite range, and empirical trait distributions are often skewed or multimodal. As a result, normal distribution-based aggregate models may fail to adequately represent the biomass and trait dynamics of natural communities. We resolve this mismatch by developing a new moment closure approach assuming the trait values to be beta-distributed. We show that the beta distribution captures important shape properties of both observed and simulated trait distributions, which cannot be captured by a Gaussian. We further demonstrate that a beta distribution-based moment closure can strongly enhance the reliability of trait-based aggregate models. We compare the biomass, mean trait and variance dynamics of a full trait distribution (FD) model to the ones of beta (BA) and normal (NA) distribution-based aggregate models, under different selection regimes. This way, we demonstrate under which general conditions (stabilizing, fluctuating or disruptive selection) different aggregate models are reliable tools. All three models predicted very similar biomass and trait dynamics under stabilizing selection yielding unimodal trait distributions with small standing trait variation. We also obtained an almost perfect match between the results of the FD and BA models under fluctuating selection, promoting skewed trait distributions and ongoing oscillations in the biomass and trait dynamics. In contrast, the NA model showed unrealistic trait dynamics and exhibited different alternative stable states, and thus a high sensitivity to initial conditions under fluctuating selection. Under disruptive selection, both aggregate models failed to reproduce the results of the FD model with the mean trait values remaining within their ecologically feasible ranges in the BA model but not in the NA model. Overall, a beta distribution-based moment closure strongly improved the realism of trait-based aggregate models.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffZhangHaagenDeckeretal.2017, author = {Wolff, Martin and Zhang-Haagen, Bo and Decker, Christina and Barz, Bogdan and Schneider, Mario and Biehl, Ralf and Radulescu, Aurel and Strodel, Birgit and Willbold, Dieter and Nagel-Steger, Luitgard}, title = {A beta 42 pentamers/hexamers are the smallest detectable oligomers in solution}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {7}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-02370-3}, pages = {13}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{GschwindKressigLacroixetal.2013, author = {Gschwind, Yves J. and Kressig, Reto W. and Lacroix, Andre and M{\"u}hlbauer, Thomas and Pfenninger, Barbara and Granacher, Urs}, title = {A best practice fall prevention exercise program to improve balance, strength/power, and psychosocial health in older adults - study protocol for a randomized controlled trial}, series = {BMC geriatrics}, volume = {13}, journal = {BMC geriatrics}, number = {4}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2318}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2318-13-105}, pages = {13}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Background: With increasing age neuromuscular deficits (e.g., sarcopenia) may result in impaired physical performance and an increased risk for falls. Prominent intrinsic fall-risk factors are age-related decreases in balance and strength / power performance as well as cognitive decline. Additional studies are needed to develop specifically tailored exercise programs for older adults that can easily be implemented into clinical practice. Thus, the objective of the present trial is to assess the effects of a fall prevention program that was developed by an interdisciplinary expert panel on measures of balance, strength / power, body composition, cognition, psychosocial well-being, and falls self-efficacy in healthy older adults. Additionally, the time-related effects of detraining are tested. Methods/Design: Healthy old people (n = 54) between the age of 65 to 80 years will participate in this trial. The testing protocol comprises tests for the assessment of static / dynamic steady-state balance (i.e., Sharpened Romberg Test, instrumented gait analysis), proactive balance (i.e., Functional Reach Test; Timed Up and Go Test), reactive balance (i.e., perturbation test during bipedal stance; Push and Release Test), strength (i.e., hand grip strength test; Chair Stand Test), and power (i.e., Stair Climb Power Test; countermovement jump). Further, body composition will be analysed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis system. In addition, questionnaires for the assessment of psychosocial (i.e., World Health Organisation Quality of Life Assessment-Bref), cognitive (i.e., Mini Mental State Examination), and fall risk determinants (i.e., Fall Efficacy Scale -International) will be included in the study protocol. Participants will be randomized into two intervention groups or the control / waiting group. After baseline measures, participants in the intervention groups will conduct a 12-week balance and strength / power exercise intervention 3 times per week, with each training session lasting 30 min. (actual training time). One intervention group will complete an extensive supervised training program, while the other intervention group will complete a short version (` 3 times 3') that is home-based and controlled by weekly phone calls. Post-tests will be conducted right after the intervention period. Additionally, detraining effects will be measured 12 weeks after program cessation. The control group / waiting group will not participate in any specific intervention during the experimental period, but will receive the extensive supervised program after the experimental period. Discussion: It is expected that particularly the supervised combination of balance and strength / power training will improve performance in variables of balance, strength / power, body composition, cognitive function, psychosocial well-being, and falls self-efficacy of older adults. In addition, information regarding fall risk assessment, dose-response-relations, detraining effects, and supervision of training will be provided. Further, training-induced health-relevant changes, such as improved performance in activities of daily living, cognitive function, and quality of life, as well as a reduced risk for falls may help to lower costs in the health care system. Finally, practitioners, therapists, and instructors will be provided with a scientifically evaluated feasible, safe, and easy-to-administer exercise program for fall prevention.}, language = {en} } @article{MariucciRaySzabo2020, author = {Mariucci, Ester and Ray, Kolyan and Szabo, Botond}, title = {A Bayesian nonparametric approach to log-concave density estimation}, series = {Bernoulli : official journal of the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability}, volume = {26}, journal = {Bernoulli : official journal of the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability}, number = {2}, publisher = {International Statistical Institute}, address = {The Hague}, issn = {1350-7265}, doi = {10.3150/19-BEJ1139}, pages = {1070 -- 1097}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The estimation of a log-concave density on R is a canonical problem in the area of shape-constrained nonparametric inference. We present a Bayesian nonparametric approach to this problem based on an exponentiated Dirichlet process mixture prior and show that the posterior distribution converges to the log-concave truth at the (near-) minimax rate in Hellinger distance. Our proof proceeds by establishing a general contraction result based on the log-concave maximum likelihood estimator that prevents the need for further metric entropy calculations. We further present computationally more feasible approximations and both an empirical and hierarchical Bayes approach. All priors are illustrated numerically via simulations.}, language = {en} } @article{RabeChandraKruegeletal.2021, author = {Rabe, Maximilian Michael and Chandra, Johan and Kr{\"u}gel, Andr{\´e} and Seelig, Stefan A. and Vasishth, Shravan and Engbert, Ralf}, title = {A bayesian approach to dynamical modeling of eye-movement control in reading of normal, mirrored, and scrambled texts}, series = {Psychological Review}, volume = {128}, journal = {Psychological Review}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0033-295X}, doi = {10.1037/rev0000268}, pages = {803 -- 823}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In eye-movement control during reading, advanced process-oriented models have been developed to reproduce behavioral data. So far, model complexity and large numbers of model parameters prevented rigorous statistical inference and modeling of interindividual differences. Here we propose a Bayesian approach to both problems for one representative computational model of sentence reading (SWIFT; Engbert et al., Psychological Review, 112, 2005, pp. 777-813). We used experimental data from 36 subjects who read the text in a normal and one of four manipulated text layouts (e.g., mirrored and scrambled letters). The SWIFT model was fitted to subjects and experimental conditions individually to investigate between- subject variability. Based on posterior distributions of model parameters, fixation probabilities and durations are reliably recovered from simulated data and reproduced for withheld empirical data, at both the experimental condition and subject levels. A subsequent statistical analysis of model parameters across reading conditions generates model-driven explanations for observable effects between conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{ThevesTaktikosZaburdaevetal.2013, author = {Theves, Matthias and Taktikos, Johannes and Zaburdaev, Vasily and Stark, Holger and Beta, Carsten}, title = {A bacterial swimmer with two alternating speeds of propagation}, series = {Biophysical journal}, volume = {105}, journal = {Biophysical journal}, number = {8}, publisher = {Cell Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {0006-3495}, doi = {10.1016/j.bpj.2013.08.047}, pages = {1915 -- 1924}, year = {2013}, abstract = {We recorded large data sets of swimming trajectories of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida. Like other prokaryotic swimmers, P. putida exhibits a motion pattern dominated by persistent runs that are interrupted by turning events. An in-depth analysis of their swimming trajectories revealed that the majority of the turning events is characterized by an angle of phi(1) = 180 degrees (reversals). To a lesser extent, turning angles of phi(2 Sigma Sigma Sigma Sigma) = 00 are also found. Remarkably, we observed that, upon a reversal, the swimming speed changes by a factor of two on average a prominent feature of the motion pattern that, to our knowledge, has not been reported before. A theoretical model, based on the experimental values for the average run time and the rotational diffusion, recovers the mean-square displacement of P. putida if the two distinct swimming speeds are taken into account. Compared to a swimmer that moves with a constant intermediate speed, the mean-square displacement is strongly enhanced. We furthermore observed a negative dip in the directional autocorrelation at intermediate times, a feature that is only recovered in an extended model, where the nonexponential shape of the run-time distribution is taken into account.}, language = {en} } @article{RuzanskiSmirnovaRejzeketal.2013, author = {Ruzanski, Christian and Smirnova, Julia and Rejzek, Martin and Cockburn, Darrell and Pedersen, Henriette L. and Pike, Marilyn and Willats, William G. T. and Svensson, Birte and Steup, Martin and Ebenh{\"o}h, Oliver and Smith, Alison M. and Field, Robert A.}, title = {A bacterial glucanotransferase can replace the complex maltose metabolism required for starch to sucrose conversion in leaves at night}, series = {The journal of biological chemistry}, volume = {288}, journal = {The journal of biological chemistry}, number = {40}, publisher = {American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology}, address = {Bethesda}, issn = {0021-9258}, doi = {10.1074/jbc.M113.497867}, pages = {28581 -- 28598}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Controlled conversion of leaf starch to sucrose at night is essential for the normal growth of Arabidopsis. The conversion involves the cytosolic metabolism of maltose to hexose phosphates via an unusual, multidomain protein with 4-glucanotransferase activity, DPE2, believed to transfer glucosyl moieties to a complex heteroglycan prior to their conversion to hexose phosphate via a cytosolic phosphorylase. The significance of this complex pathway is unclear; conversion of maltose to hexose phosphate in bacteria proceeds via a more typical 4-glucanotransferase that does not require a heteroglycan acceptor. It has recently been suggested that DPE2 generates a heterogeneous series of terminal glucan chains on the heteroglycan that acts as a glucosyl buffer to ensure a constant rate of sucrose synthesis in the leaf at night. Alternatively, DPE2 and/or the heteroglycan may have specific properties important for their function in the plant. To distinguish between these ideas, we compared the properties of DPE2 with those of the Escherichia coli glucanotransferase MalQ. We found that MalQ cannot use the plant heteroglycan as an acceptor for glucosyl transfer. However, experimental and modeling approaches suggested that it can potentially generate a glucosyl buffer between maltose and hexose phosphate because, unlike DPE2, it can generate polydisperse malto-oligosaccharides from maltose. Consistent with this suggestion, MalQ is capable of restoring an essentially wild-type phenotype when expressed in mutant Arabidopsis plants lacking DPE2. In light of these findings, we discuss the possible evolutionary origins of the complex DPE2-heteroglycan pathway.}, language = {en} } @article{LeongRaffeinerSpintietal.2022, author = {Leong, Jia Xuan and Raffeiner, Margot and Spinti, Daniela and Langin, Gautier and Franz-Wachtel, Mirita and Guzman, Andrew R. and Kim, Jung-Gun and Pandey, Pooja and Minina, Alyona E. and Macek, Boris and Hafren, Anders and Bozkurt, Tolga O. and Mudgett, Mary Beth and B{\"o}rnke, Frederik and Hofius, Daniel and Uestuen, Suayib}, title = {A bacterial effector counteracts host autophagy by promoting degradation of an autophagy component}, series = {The EMBO journal}, volume = {41}, journal = {The EMBO journal}, number = {13}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1460-2075}, doi = {10.15252/embj.2021110352}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Beyond its role in cellular homeostasis, autophagy plays anti- and promicrobial roles in host-microbe interactions, both in animals and plants. One prominent role of antimicrobial autophagy is to degrade intracellular pathogens or microbial molecules, in a process termed xenophagy. Consequently, microbes evolved mechanisms to hijack or modulate autophagy to escape elimination. Although well-described in animals, the extent to which xenophagy contributes to plant-bacteria interactions remains unknown. Here, we provide evidence that Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) suppresses host autophagy by utilizing type-III effector XopL. XopL interacts with and degrades the autophagy component SH3P2 via its E3 ligase activity to promote infection. Intriguingly, XopL is targeted for degradation by defense-related selective autophagy mediated by NBR1/Joka2, revealing a complex antagonistic interplay between XopL and the host autophagy machinery. Our results implicate plant antimicrobial autophagy in the depletion of a bacterial virulence factor and unravel an unprecedented pathogen strategy to counteract defense-related autophagy in plant-bacteria interactions.}, language = {en} } @article{WeidleWiesenbergElSharkawyetal.2022, author = {Weidle, Christian and Wiesenberg, Lars and El-Sharkawy, Amr and Kr{\"u}ger, Frank and Scharf, Andreas and Agard, Philippe and Meier, Thomas}, title = {A 3-D crustal shear wave velocity model and Moho map below the Semail Ophiolite, eastern Arabia}, series = {Geophysical journal international}, volume = {231}, journal = {Geophysical journal international}, number = {2}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0956-540X}, doi = {10.1093/gji/ggac223}, pages = {817 -- 834}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Semail Ophiolite in eastern Arabia is the largest and best-exposed slice of oceanic lithosphere on land. Detailed knowledge of the tectonic evolution of the shallow crust, in particular during and after ophiolite obduction in Late Cretaceous times is contrasted by few constraints on physical and compositional properties of the middle and lower continental crust below the obducted units. The role of inherited, pre-obduction crustal architecture remains therefore unaccounted for in our understanding of crustal evolution and the present-day geology. Based on seismological data acquired during a 27-month campaign in northern Oman, Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography and Receiver Function analysis provide for the first time a 3-D radially anisotropic shear wave velocity (V-S) model and a consistent Moho map below the iconic Semail Ophiolite. The model highlights deep crustal boundaries that segment the eastern Arabian basement in two distinct units. The previously undescribed Western Jabal Akhdar Zone separates Arabian crust with typical continental properties and a thickness of similar to 40-45 km in the northwest from a compositionally different terrane in the southeast that is interpreted as a terrane accreted during the Pan-African orogeny in Neoproterozoic times. East of the Ibra Zone, another deep crustal boundary, crustal thickness decreases to 30-35 km and very high lower crustal V-S suggest large-scale mafic intrusions into, and possible underplating of the Arabian continental crust that occurred most likely during Permian breakup of Pangea. Mafic reworking is sharply bounded by the (upper crustal) Semail Gap Fault Zone, northwest of which no such high velocities are found in the crust. Topography of the Oman Mountains is supported by a mild crustal root and Moho depth below the highest topography, the Jabal Akhdar Dome, is similar to 42 km. Radial anisotropy is robustly resolved in the upper crust and aids in discriminating dipping allochthonous units from autochthonous sedimentary rocks that are indistinguishable by isotropic V-S alone. Lateral thickness variations of the ophiolite highlight the Haylayn Ophiolite Massif on the northern flank of Jabal Akhdar Dome and the Hawasina Window as the deepest reaching unit. Ophiolite thickness is similar to 10 km in the southern and northern massifs, and <= 5 km elsewhere.}, language = {en} } @article{SrivastavaKehrigKanthariaetal.2015, author = {Srivastava, S. and Kehrig, C. and Kantharia, N. G. and P{\´e}rez-Montero, E. and V{\´i}lchez, J. M. and Iglesias-P{\´a}ramo, J. and Janardhan, P.}, title = {A 2D view of Wolf-Rayet Galaxies}, series = {Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.-5. June 2015}, journal = {Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.-5. June 2015}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-87650}, pages = {59 -- 62}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The main objective of this work is to investigate the evolution of massive stars, and the interplay between them and the ionized gas for a sample of local metal-poor Wolf-Rayet galaxies. Optical integral field spectrocopy was used in combination with multi-wavelength radio data. Combining optical and radio data, we locate Wolf-Rayet stars and supernova remnants across the Wolf-Rayet galaxies to study the spatial correlation between them. This study will shed light on the massive star formation and its feedback, and will help us to better understand distant star-forming galaxies.}, language = {en} } @article{FreybourgerKruegerAchauer1999, author = {Freybourger, Marion and Kr{\"u}ger, Frank and Achauer, Ulrich}, title = {A 22 degree long seismic profile for the study of the top D"}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{BalaganskyTimmermanKozlovaetal.2001, author = {Balagansky, V. V. and Timmerman, Martin Jan and Kozlova, N. Ye. and Kisilitsyn, R. V.}, title = {A 2.44 Ga old mafic dyke swarm in the Kolvitsa Belt, Kola Peninsula, Russia: implications for the early Palaeoproterozoic tectonics in the north-eastern Fennoscandian Shield}, year = {2001}, language = {en} } @article{WichuraJacobsLinetal.2015, author = {Wichura, Henry and Jacobs, Louis L. and Lin, Andrew and Polcyn, Michael J. and Manthi, Fredrick K. and Winkler, Dale A. and Strecker, Manfred and Clemens, Matthew}, title = {A 17-My-old whale constrains onset of uplift and climate change in east Africa}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {112}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {13}, publisher = {National Acad. of Sciences}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0027-8424}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1421502112}, pages = {3910 -- 3915}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Timing and magnitude of surface uplift are key to understanding the impact of crustal deformation and topographic growth on atmospheric circulation, environmental conditions, and surface processes. Uplift of the East African Plateau is linked to mantle processes, but paleoaltimetry data are too scarce to constrain plateau evolution and subsequent vertical motions associated with rifting. Here, we assess the paleotopographic implications of a beaked whale fossil (Ziphiidae) from the Turkana region of Kenya found 740 km inland from the present-day coastline of the Indian Ocean at an elevation of 620 m. The specimen is similar to 17 My old and represents the oldest derived beaked whale known, consistent with molecular estimates of the emergence of modern straptoothed whales (Mesoplodon). The whale traveled from the Indian Ocean inland along an eastward-directed drainage system controlled by the Cretaceous Anza Graben and was stranded slightly above sea level. Surface uplift from near sea level coincides with paleoclimatic change from a humid environment to highly variable and much drier conditions, which altered biotic communities and drove evolution in east Africa, including that of primates.}, language = {en} } @article{IsaevaKuznetsovSataev2012, author = {Isaeva, Olga B. and Kuznetsov, Sergey P. and Sataev, Igor R.}, title = {A "saddle-node" bifurcation scenario for birth or destruction of a Smale-Williams solenoid}, series = {Chaos : an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science}, volume = {22}, journal = {Chaos : an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {1054-1500}, doi = {10.1063/1.4766590}, pages = {7}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Formation or destruction of hyperbolic chaotic attractor under parameter variation is considered with an example represented by Smale-Williams solenoid in stroboscopic Poincare map of two alternately excited non-autonomous van der Pol oscillators. The transition occupies a narrow but finite parameter interval and progresses in such way that periodic orbits constituting a "skeleton" of the attractor undergo saddle-node bifurcation events involving partner orbits from the attractor and from a non-attracting invariant set, which forms together with its stable manifold a basin boundary of the attractor.}, language = {en} } @article{GrudenHrenHermanetal.2012, author = {Gruden, Kristina and Hren, Matjaz and Herman, Ana and Blejec, Andrej and Albrecht, Tanja and Selbig, Joachim and Bauer, Christian G. and Schuchardt, Johannes and Or-Guil, Michal and Zupancic, Klemen and Svajger, Urban and Stabuc, Borut and Ihan, Alojz and Kopitar, Andreja Natasa and Ravnikar, Maja and Knezevic, Miomir and Rozman, Primoz and Jeras, Matjaz}, title = {A "Crossomics" study analysing variability of different components in peripheral blood of healthy caucasoid individuals}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {7}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {1}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0028761}, pages = {12}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Background: Different immunotherapy approaches for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases are being developed and tested in clinical studies worldwide. Their resulting complex experimental data should be properly evaluated, therefore reliable normal healthy control baseline values are indispensable. Methodology/Principal Findings: To assess intra- and inter-individual variability of various biomarkers, peripheral blood of 16 age and gender equilibrated healthy volunteers was sampled on 3 different days within a period of one month. Complex "crossomics'' analyses of plasma metabolite profiles, antibody concentrations and lymphocyte subset counts as well as whole genome expression profiling in CD4(+)T and NK cells were performed. Some of the observed age, gender and BMI dependences are in agreement with the existing knowledge, like negative correlation between sex hormone levels and age or BMI related increase in lipids and soluble sugars. Thus we can assume that the distribution of all 39.743 analysed markers is well representing the normal Caucasoid population. All lymphocyte subsets, 20\% of metabolites and less than 10\% of genes, were identified as highly variable in our dataset. Conclusions/Significance: Our study shows that the intra- individual variability was at least two-fold lower compared to the inter-individual one at all investigated levels, showing the importance of personalised medicine approach from yet another perspective.}, language = {en} } @article{KoesterkeHamann2002, author = {Koesterke, Lars and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer}, title = {[WC]-type CSPN : clumping and wind-driving}, year = {2002}, abstract = {Many Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae are very similar to massive Wolf-Rayet stars of the carbon sequence with respect to their spectra, chemical composition and wind properties. Therefore their study opens an additional way towards the understanding of the Wolf-Rayet phenomenon. While the study of Line Profile Variation will be difficult, espescially for the very compact early types, the comparision with other hydrogen-deficient Central Stars illuminates the driving mechanism of their winds. We speculate that at least two ingredients are needed. The ionization of their atmpospheres has to be stratified to enable multi-scattering processes and the amount of carbon and oxygen has to be high (more than a few percent by mass).}, language = {en} } @article{SperlichKoeckerling2022, author = {Sperlich, Eric and K{\"o}ckerling, Martin}, title = {[Nb6Cl14(pyrazine)(4)], a versatile precursor for ligand-supported hexanuclear niobium cluster compounds: synthesis, characterization, follow-up reactions, and intermolecular interactions}, series = {Inorganic chemistry}, volume = {61}, journal = {Inorganic chemistry}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0020-1669}, doi = {10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03109}, pages = {2409 -- 2420}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The compound [Nb6Cl14(pyrazine)(4)]center dot 2CH(2)Cl(2) (1) was investigated for its suitability as a starting compound for new ligand-supported hexanuclear niobium cluster compounds. The synthesis, stability to air and increased temperature, solubility and usability for subsequent reactions of 1, and purification and separation of the reaction products are discussed. The compounds with cluster units [Nb6Cl14L4], where L = iso-quinoline N-oxides (2), 1,1-dimethylethylenediamines (3), or thiazoles (4), and [Nb6Cl14(PEt3)(3.76)(Et3PO)(0.24)]-[Nb6Cl14(MeCN)(4)]center dot 4MeCN (5) are presented as follow-up products. The crystal structures of compounds 1-5 are analyzed, and the structures are discussed with respect to their intraand intermolecular bonding situations and crystal packing. In addition to hydrogen bonds and pi-pi interactions, the appearance of chalcogen and halogen bonds and lone pair-pi interactions between Nb-6 cluster units was observed for the first time.}, language = {en} } @article{SperlichKoeckerling2021, author = {Sperlich, Eric and K{\"o}ckerling, Martin}, title = {[Nb6Cl12(CH3OH)4(OCH3)2] ⋅ DABCO ⋅ 1.66 CH2Cl2}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry}, volume = {647}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie : ZAAC = Journal of inorganic and general chemistry}, number = {18}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {0044-2313}, doi = {10.1002/zaac.202100138}, pages = {1759 -- 1763}, year = {2021}, abstract = {An easy-to-do synthesis for the hexanuclear niobium cluster compound [Nb6Cl12(CH3OH)(4)(OCH3)(2)] . DABCO . 1.66 CH2Cl2 has been developed. An one-pot reaction between the cluster precursor [Nb6Cl14(H2O)(4)] . 4H(2)O and methanol with the addition of DABCO leads to the crystallization of the title compound in high yield within a few minutes. The single-crystal X-ray structure of this cluster compound has been determined. Very strong, nearly symmetric intercluster hydrogen bonds Nb-6-MeO...H...OMe-Nb-6 are present between the cluster units. A bridging co-crystalline DABCO molecule is also involved in a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network.}, language = {en} } @article{ZehmFudickarHansetal.2008, author = {Zehm, Daniel and Fudickar, Werner and Hans, Melanie and Schilde, Uwe and Kelling, Alexandra and Linker, Torsten}, title = {9,10-Diarylanthracenes as molecular switches : syntheses, properties, isomerisations and their reactions with singlet oxygen}, issn = {0947-6539}, year = {2008}, abstract = {A series of 9,10-diarylanthracenes with various substituents at the ortho positions have been synthesised by palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions. Such compounds exhibit interesting physical properties and can be applied as molecular switches. Despite the high steric demand of the substituents, products were formed in moderate-to-good yields. In some cases, microwave conditions further improved yields. Bis-coupling afforded two isomers (syn and anti) that do not interconvert at room temperature. These products were easily separated and their relative stereochemistries were unequivocally assigned by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. The syn and anti isomers exhibit different physical properties (e.g., melting points and solubilities) and interconversion by rotation around the aryl-aryl axis commences at <100 °C for fluoro-substituted diarylanthracenes and at >300 °C for alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted diarylanthracenes. The reactions with singlet oxygen were studied separately and revealed different reactivities and reaction pathways. The yields and reactivities depend on the size and electronic nature of the substituents. The anti isomers form the same 9,10-endoperoxides as the syn species, occasionally accompanied by unexpected 1,4-endoperoxides as byproducts. Thermolysis of the endoperoxides exclusively yielded the syn isomers. The interesting rotation around the aryl-aryl axis allows the application of 9,10-diarylanthracenes as molecular switches, which are triggered by light and air under mild conditions. Finally, the oxygenation and thermolysis sequence provides a simple, synthetic access to a single stereoisomer (syn) from an unselective coupling step.}, language = {en} } @article{SchultzeFossSchmidt2020, author = {Schultze, Christiane and Foß, Stefan and Schmidt, Bernd}, title = {8-Prenylflavanones through microwave promoted tandem claisen rearrangement/6-endo-trig cyclization and cross metathesis}, series = {European journal of organic chemistry}, volume = {2020}, journal = {European journal of organic chemistry}, number = {47}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1434-193X}, doi = {10.1002/ejoc.202001378}, pages = {7373 -- 7384}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Prenylated flavanones were obtained from ortho-allyloxy chalcones through a one-pot sequence of Claisen rearrangement and 6-endo-trig cyclization, followed by olefin cross metathesis of the intermediate allyl flavanones with 2-methyl-2-butene. The synthetic utility of this route is illustrated for the synthesis of several naturally occurring prenyl flavanones.}, language = {en} } @article{YenesewTwinomuhweziKiremireetal.2009, author = {Yenesew, Abiy and Twinomuhwezi, Hannington and Kiremire, Bernard T. and Mbugua, Martin N. and Gitu, Peter M. and Heydenreich, Matthias and Peter, Martin G.}, title = {8-Methoxyneorautenol and radical scavenging flavonoids from Erythrina abyssinica}, issn = {1011-3924}, year = {2009}, abstract = {A new pterocarpan (named 8-methoxyneorautenol) was isolated from the acetone ext. of the root bark of Erythrina abyssinica. In addn., the known isoflavonoid derivs. eryvarin L, erycristagallin and shinpterocarpin were identified for the first time from the roots of this plant. The structures were detd. on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. The new compd. showed selective antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The acetone ext. of the root bark of E. abyssinica showed radical scavenging activity towards 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). The pterocarpenes, 3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-10-(3,3-dimethylallyl)pterocarpene and erycristagallin, were the most active constituents of the roots of this plant and showing dose-dependent activities similar to that of the std. quercetin. [on SciFinder (R)]}, language = {en} } @article{YenesewMushibeIndulietal.2005, author = {Yenesew, Abiy and Mushibe, E. K. and Induli, M. and Derese, Solomon and Midiwo, Jacob O. and Kabaru, Jacques M. and Heydenreich, Matthias and Koch, Andreas and Peter, Martin G.}, title = {7a-O-methyldeguelol, a modified rotenoid with an open ring-C, from the roots of Derris trifoloata}, issn = {0031-9422}, year = {2005}, abstract = {From the acetone extract of the roots of Derris trifoliata an isollavonoid derivative, named 7a-O- methyldeguelol, a modified rotenoid with an open ring-C, representing a new sub-class of isollavonoids (the sub-class is here named as rotenoloid), was isolated and characterised. In addition, the known rotenoids, rotenone, deguelin and alpha-toxicarol, were identified. The structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Rotenone and deguelin were identified as the larvicidal principles of the acetone extract of the roots of Derris trifoliata. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved}, language = {en} } @article{Kosta1996, author = {Kosta, Peter}, title = {70 Years Existence of the Prague Linguistic Circle and 100th Anniversary of Roman Jakobsons Birthday, (Prag, 28. - 30.3.1996).}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @article{MuivaMutisyaMachariaHeydenreichetal.2014, author = {Muiva-Mutisya, Lois and Macharia, Bernard and Heydenreich, Matthias and Koch, Andreas and Akala, Hoseah M. and Derese, Solomon and Omosa, Leonidah K. and Yusuf, Amir O. and Kamau, Edwin and Yenesew, Abiy}, title = {6 alpha-Hydroxy-alpha-toxicarol and (+)-tephrodin with antiplasmodial activities from Tephrosia species}, series = {Phytochemistry letters}, volume = {10}, journal = {Phytochemistry letters}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1874-3900}, doi = {10.1016/j.phytol.2014.09.002}, pages = {179 -- 183}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The CH2Cl2/MeOH (1: 1) extract of the roots of Tephrosia villosa showed good antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 values of 3.1 +/- 0.4 and 1.3 +/- 0.3 mu g/mL, respectively. Chromatographic separation of the extract yielded a new rotenoid, 6 alpha-hydroxy-alpha-toxicarol, along with five known rotenoids, (rotenone, deguelin, sumatrol, 12 alpha-hydroxy-alpha-toxicarol and villosinol). Similar treatment of the extract of the stem of Tephrosia purpurea (IC50 = 4.1 +/- 0.4 and 1.9 +/- 0.2 mu g/mL against D6 and W2 strains of P. falciparum, respectively) yielded a new flavone having a unique substituent at C-7/C-8 [trivial name (+)-tephrodin], along with the known flavonoids tachrosin, obovatin methyl ether and derrone. The relative configuration and the most stable conformation in (+)-tephrodin was determined by NMR and theoretical energy calculations. The rotenoids and flavones tested showed good to moderate antiplasmodial activities (IC50 = 9 +/- 23 mu M). Whereas the cytotoxicity of rotenoids is known, the flavones (+)-tephrodin and tachrosin did not show significant cytotoxicity (IC50 > 100 mu M;) against mammalian African monkey kidney (vero) and human larynx carcinoma (HEp2) cell lines. (C) 2014 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhangHuangHuangetal.2018, author = {Zhang, Yang and Huang, Wentao and Huang, Baochun and van Hinsbergen, Douwe J. J. and Yang, Tao and Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume and Guo, Zhaojie}, title = {53-43Ma Deformation of Eastern Tibet Revealed by Three Stages of Tectonic Rotation in the Gongjue Basin}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth}, volume = {123}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9313}, doi = {10.1002/2018JB015443}, pages = {3320 -- 3338}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The Gongjue basin from the eastern Qiangtang terrane is located in the transition region where the regional structural lineation curves from east-west-oriented in Tibet to north-south-oriented in Yunnan. In this study, we sampled the red beds in the basin from the lower Gongjue to upper Ranmugou formations for the first time covering the entire stratigraphic profile. The stratigraphic ages are bracketed within 53-43Ma by new detrital zircon U-Pb ages constraining the maximum deposition age to 52.51.5Ma. Rock magnetic and petrographic studies indicate that detrital magnetite and hematite are the magnetic carriers. Positive reversals and fold tests demonstrate that the characteristic remanent magnetization has a primary origin. The Gongjue and Ranmugou formations yield mean characteristic remanent magnetization directions of D-s/I-s=31.0 degrees/21.3 degrees and D-s/I-s=15.9 degrees/22.0 degrees, respectively. The magnetic inclination of these characteristic remanent magnetizations is significantly shallowed compared to the expected inclination for the locality. However, the elongation/inclination correction method does not provide a meaningful correction, likely because of syn-depositional rotation. Rotations relative to the Eurasian apparent polar wander path occurred in three stages: Stage I, 33.33.4 degrees clockwise rotation during the deposition of the Gongjue and lower Ranmugou formations; Stage II, 26.93.7 degrees counterclockwise rotation during deposition of the lower and middle Ranmugou formation; and Stage III, 17.73.3 degrees clockwise rotation after 43Ma. The complex rotation history recorded in the basin is possibly linked to sinistral shear along the Qiangtang block during India indentation into Asia and the early stage of the extrusion of the northwestern Indochina blocks away from eastern Tibet.}, language = {en} } @article{Gerhard2021, author = {Gerhard, Reimund}, title = {50 years of International Symposia on Electrets from 1967 to 2017}, series = {IEEE electrical insulation magazine / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, volume = {37}, journal = {IEEE electrical insulation magazine / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, number = {2}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York, NY}, issn = {0883-7554}, doi = {10.1109/MEI.2021.9352710}, pages = {50 -- 55}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The prehistory of electrets is not known yet, but it is quite likely that the electrostatic charging behavior of amber (Greek: τ{\`o} ηλεκτρoν, i.e., "electron") already was familiar to people in ancient cultures (China, Egypt, Greece, etc.), before the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales of Miletus (6th century BCE)-or rather his disciples and followers-reported it in writing (cf. Figure 1). More than two millennia later, William Gilbert (1544-1603), the physician of Queen Elizabeth I, coined the term "electric" in his book De Magnete, Magneticisque Corporibus, et de Magno Magnete Tellure (1600) for dielectric materials that attract like amber and that included sulfur and glass [1]. The second half of the 18th century saw the invention of the electrophorus or electrophore [2], a capacitive electret device, in 1762 by Johan Carl Wilcke (1732-1796).}, language = {en} } @article{OstermeyerMenzel1999, author = {Ostermeyer, Martin and Menzel, Ralf}, title = {50 Watt average output power with 1.2*DL beam quality from a single rod Nd:YALO laser with phase-conjugating SBS mirror}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{SengeRyppaFazekasetal.2011, author = {Senge, Mathias O. and Ryppa, Claudia and Fazekas, Marijana and Zawadzka, Monika and Dahms, Katja}, title = {5,10-A2B2-Type meso-Substituted PorphyrinsuA Unique Class of Porphyrins with a Realigned Dipole Moment}, series = {Chemistry - a European journal}, volume = {17}, journal = {Chemistry - a European journal}, number = {48}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {0947-6539}, doi = {10.1002/chem.201101934}, pages = {13562 -- 13573}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Current applications in porphyrin chemistry require the use of unsymmetrically substituted porphyrins. Many current industrial interests in optics and biomedicine require systems with either pushpull (electron-donating and -withdrawing groups) or amphiphilic systems (hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups). In this context we present the class of 5,10-A2B2-type porphyrins for which two different substituents are positioned in diagonally opposite meso positions. Thus, the intramolecular dipole moment in these tetrapyrroles is positioned along a beta-beta vector passing through two pyrrole rings. This is opposite to the situation of the frequently used 5,15-A2BC porphyrins for which the dipole moment is oriented along a mesomeso axis. We have elaborated syntheses of the 5,10-A2B2 porphyrins by using transition-metal-catalyzed transformations of 5,10-A2 porphyrins or direct substitutions reactions thereof; this gives the target molecules in 2277\% overall yields. The compounds exhibit interesting structural, spectroscopic, and optical features and can serve as building blocks for new porphyrin arrays and applications.}, language = {en} } @article{MazurekBudzyńskaBehlNeumannetal.2022, author = {Mazurek-Budzyńska, Magdalena and Behl, Marc and Neumann, Richard and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {4D-actuators by 3D-printing combined with water-based curing}, series = {Materials today. Communications}, volume = {30}, journal = {Materials today. Communications}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-4928}, doi = {10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102966}, pages = {7}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The shape and the actuation capability of state of the art robotic devices typically relies on multimaterial systems from a combination of geometry determining materials and actuation components. Here, we present multifunctional 4D-actuators processable by 3D-printing, in which the actuator functionality is integrated into the shaped body. The materials are based on crosslinked poly(carbonate-urea-urethane) networks (PCUU), synthesized in an integrated process, applying reactive extrusion and subsequent water-based curing. Actuation capability could be added to the PCUU, prepared from aliphatic oligocarbonate diol, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and water, in a thermomechanical programming process. When programmed with a strain of epsilon(prog) = 1400\% the PCUU networks exhibited actuation apparent by reversible elongation epsilon'(rev) of up to 22\%. In a gripper a reversible bending epsilon'(rev)((be)(nd)()) in the range of 37-60\% was achieved when the actuation temperature (T-high) was varied between 45 degrees C and 49 degrees C. The integration of actuation and shape formation could be impressively demonstrated in two PCUU-based reversible fastening systems, which were able to hold weights of up to 1.1 kg. In this way, the multifunctional materials are interesting candidate materials for robotic applications where a freedom in shape design and actuation is required as well as for sustainable fastening systems.}, language = {en} } @article{DzhunushalievSchmidt1999, author = {Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir and Schmidt, Hans-J{\"u}rgen}, title = {4D wormhole with signature change in the presence of extra dimensions}, series = {General relativity and quantum cosmology : preprints gr-qc}, volume = {9908076}, journal = {General relativity and quantum cosmology : preprints gr-qc}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @article{AllroggenvanSchaikTronicke2015, author = {Allroggen, Niklas and van Schaik, N. Loes M. B. and Tronicke, Jens}, title = {4D ground-penetrating radar during a plot scale dye tracer experiment}, series = {Journal of applied geophysics}, volume = {118}, journal = {Journal of applied geophysics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0926-9851}, doi = {10.1016/j.jappgeo.2015.04.016}, pages = {139 -- 144}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Flow phenomena in the unsaturated zone are highly variable in time and space. Thus, it is challenging to measure and monitor such processes under field conditions. Here, we present a new setup and interpretation approach for combining a dye tracer experiment with a 4D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey. Therefore, we designed a rainfall experiment during which we measured three surface-based 3D GPR surveys using a pair of 500 MHz antennas. Such a survey setup requires accurate acquisition and processing techniquesto extract time-lapse information supporting the interpretation of selected cross-sections photographed after excavating the site. Our results reveal patterns of traveltime changes in the measured GPR data, which are associated with soil moisture changes. As distinct horizons are present at our site, such changes can be quantified and transferred into changes in total soil moisture content. Our soil moisture estimates are similar to the amount of infiltrated water, which confirms our experimental approach and makes us confident for further developing this strategy, especially, with respect to improving the temporal and spatial resolution. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{KrmičekTimmermanZiemannetal.2020, author = {Krm{\´i}ček, Luk{\´a}š and Timmerman, Martin Jan and Ziemann, Martin Andreas and Sudo, Masafumi and Ulrych, Jaromir}, title = {40Ar/39Ar step-heating dating of phlogopite and kaersutite megacrysts from the Železn{\´a} hůrka (Eisenb{\"u}hl) Pleistocene scoria cone, Czech Republic}, series = {Geologica Carpathica}, volume = {71}, journal = {Geologica Carpathica}, number = {4}, publisher = {Veda}, address = {Bratislava}, issn = {1335-0552}, doi = {10.31577/GeolCarp.71.4.6}, pages = {382 -- 387}, year = {2020}, abstract = {(40)A/Ar-39 step-heating of mica and amphibole megacrysts from hauyne-bearing olivine melilitite scoria/tephra from the Zelezna hurka yielded a 435 +/- 108 ka isotope correlation age for phlogopite and a more imprecise 1.55 Ma total gas age of the kaersutite megacryst. The amphibole megacrysts may constitute the first, and the younger phlogopite megacrysts the later phase of mafic, hydrous melilitic magma crystallization. It cannot be ruled out that the amphibole megacrysts are petrogenetically unrelated to tephra and phlogopite megacrysts and were derived from mantle xenoliths or disaggregated older, deep crustal pegmatites. This is in line both with the rarity of amphibole at Zelezna hurka and with the observed signs of magmatic resorption at the edges of amphibole crystals.}, language = {en} } @article{FranzSudoKhomenko2022, author = {Franz, Gerhard and Sudo, Masafumi and Khomenko, Vladimir}, title = {40Ar/39Ar dating of a hydrothermal pegmatitic buddingtonite-muscovite assemblage from Volyn, Ukraine}, series = {European journal of mineralogy : EJM : an international journal on mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, and related sciences}, volume = {34}, journal = {European journal of mineralogy : EJM : an international journal on mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, and related sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {0935-1221}, doi = {10.5194/ejm-34-7-2022}, pages = {7 -- 18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We determined Ar-40/Ar-39 ages of buddingtonite, occurring together with muscovite, with the laser-ablation method. This is the first attempt to date the NH4-feldspar buddingtonite, which is typical for sedimentary-diagenetic environments of sediments, rich in organic matter, or in hydrothermal environments, associated with volcanic geyser systems. The sample is a hydrothermal breccia, coming from the Paleoproterozoic pegmatite field of the Korosten Plutonic Complex, Volyn, Ukraine. A detailed characterization by optical methods, electron microprobe analyses, backscattered electron imaging, and IR analyses showed that the buddingtonite consists of euhedral-appearing platy crystals of tens of micrometers wide, 100 or more micrometers in length, which consist of fine-grained fibers of <= 1 mu m thickness. The crystals are sector and growth zoned in terms of K-NH4-H3O content. The content of K allows for an age determination with the Ar-40/Ar-39 method, as well as in the accompanying muscovite, intimately intergrown with the buddingtonite. The determinations on muscovite yielded an age of 1491 +/- 9 Ma, interpreted as the hydrothermal event forming the breccia. However, buddingtonite apparent ages yielded a range of 563 +/- 14 Ma down to 383 +/- 12 Ma, which are interpreted as reset ages due to Ar loss of the fibrous buddingtonite crystals during later heating. We conclude that buddingtonite is suited for Ar-40/Ar-39 age determinations as a supplementary method, together with other methods and minerals; however, it requires a detailed mineralogical characterization, and the ages will likely represent minimum ages.}, language = {en} } @article{SchwarzerHuamaniCanoetal.2010, author = {Schwarzer, Christian and Huamani, Fatima Cßceres and Cano, Asunci{\´o}n and La Torre, Mar{\´i}a I. La and Weigend, Maximilian}, title = {400 years for long-distance dispersal and divergence in the northern atacama desert : insights from the Huaynaputina pumice slopes of Moquegua, Peru}, issn = {0140-1963}, doi = {10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.05.034}, year = {2010}, abstract = {The Huaynaputina eruption (1600 AD, Moquegua, S Peru) in the northern Atacama Desert denuded the Ornate area of all vegetation and deposited deep pumice layers. Data on the flora, climate and soil characteristics of these slopes near Ornate at 1600-2600 m a.s.l. are provided. Fifty-nine angiosperm species established themselves on the pumice slopes in the past ca. 400 years, with the bulk of the small and herbaceous species and several species new records for Peru. Three Ornate sites were sampled in both a dry and a wet year and species numbers differed widely (14 versus 45 spp.). Among areas compared floristic composition is most similar to the Lomas de Tacna, and has less in common with geographically closer Lomas or Sierra formations. Nine species represent highly disjunct populations (200->700 km) from their nearest known living populations in central Peru, Chile, or Argentina/Bolivia and appear to have reached the area via long-distance dispersal. Abiotic conditions may have played an important role in limiting the establishment of species from the neighboring vegetation. Four taxa on the pumice slopes show clear morphological differences to populations elsewhere, two of them may represent neoendemics of the Ornate pumice, indicating rapid morphological divergence. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{LazarevaShainyanKleinpeter2010, author = {Lazareva, Nataliya F. and Shainyan, Bagrat A. and Kleinpeter, Erich}, title = {4-Alkyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,4,2,6-oxaazadisilinanes : synthesis, structure, and conformational analysis}, issn = {0894-3230}, doi = {10.1002/Poc.1605}, year = {2010}, abstract = {4-Alkyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,4,2,6-oxaazadisilinanes RN[CH2Si(Me)2]2O [R = Me (1), i-Pr (2)] were synthesized by two methods which provided good yields up to 84\%. Low temperature NMR study of compounds (1) and (2) revealed a frozen ring inversion with the energy barriers of 8.5 and 7.7 kcal/mol at 163 and 143 K, respectively, which is substantially lower than that for their carbon analog, N-methylmorpholine. DFT calculations performed on the example of molecule (1) showed that N-Meax conformer to exist in the sofa conformation with the coplanar fragment C-Si-O-Si-C, and its N-Meeq conformer in a flattened chair conformation.}, language = {en} } @article{AwadSchildeStrauch2011, author = {Awad, Duha Jawad and Schilde, Uwe and Strauch, Peter}, title = {4,4 '-Bis(tert-butyl)-2,2 '-bipyridinedichlorometal(II) - Synthesis, structure and EPR spectroscopy}, series = {Inorganica chimica acta : the international inorganic chemistry journal}, volume = {365}, journal = {Inorganica chimica acta : the international inorganic chemistry journal}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {0020-1693}, doi = {10.1016/j.ica.2010.08.035}, pages = {127 -- 132}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Due to the better solubility of the 4,4'-substituted bipyridine ligand a series of 4,4'0-bis(tert-butyl)-2,2'-bipyridinedichlorometal(II) complexes, [M(tbbpy)Cl(2)], with M = Cu, Ni, Zn, Pd, Pt was synthesised and characterised. The blue copper complex 4,4'-bis(tert-butyl)-2,2'-bipyridinedichlorocopper(II) was isolated in two different polymorphic forms, as prisms 1 with a solvent inclusion and solvent-free as needles 2. Both structures were determined by X-ray structure analysis. They crystallise in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with four molecules in the unit cell, but with different unit cells and packing motifs. Whereas in the prisms 1, with the unit cell parameters a = 12.1613(12), b = 10.6363(7), c = 16.3074(15) angstrom, eta = 94.446(8)degrees, the packing is dominated by intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, in the needles 2, with a = 7.738(1), b = 18. 333(2), c = 13.291(3) angstrom, beta = 97.512(15)degrees, only intramolecular hydrogen bonds appear and the complex molecules are arranged in columns which are stabilised by p-p-stacking interactions. In both complexes the copper has a tetrahedrally distorted coordination sphere. These copper complexes were also studied by EPR spectroscopy in solution, as frozen glass and diamagnetically diluted powder with the analogue [Pd(tbbpy)Cl(2)] as host lattice.}, language = {en} }