@article{GarcinSchildgenAcostaetal.2017,
  author    = {Garcin, Yannick and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Acosta, Veronica Torres and Melnick, Daniel and Guillemoteau, Julien and Willenbring, Jane and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Short-lived increase in erosion during the African Humid Period},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {459},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.017},
  pages     = {58 -- 69},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The African Humid Period (AHP) between similar to 15 and 5.5 cal. kyr BP caused major environmental change in East Africa, including filling of the Suguta Valley in the northern Kenya Rift with an extensive (similar to 2150 km(2)), deep (similar to 300 m) lake. Interfingering fluvio-lacustrine deposits of the Baragoi paleo-delta provide insights into the lake-level history and how erosion rates changed during this time, as revealed by delta-volume estimates and the concentration of cosmogenic Be-10 in fluvial sand. Erosion rates derived from delta-volume estimates range from 0.019 to 0.03 mm yr(-1). Be-10-derived paleo-erosion rates at similar to 11.8 cal. kyr BP ranged from 0.035 to 0.086 mm yr(-1), and were 2.7 to 6.6 times faster than at present. In contrast, at similar to 8.7 cal. kyr BP, erosion rates were only 1.8 times faster than at present. Because Be-10-derived erosion rates integrate over several millennia; we modeled the erosion-rate history that best explains the 10Be data using established non-linear equations that describe in situ cosmogenic isotope production and decay. Two models with different temporal constraints (15-6.7 and 12-6.7 kyr) suggest erosion rates that were 25 to 300 times higher than the initial erosion rate (pre-delta formation). That pulse of high erosion rates was short (similar to 4 kyr or less) and must have been followed by a rapid decrease in rates while climate remained humid to reach the modern Be-10-based erosion rate of,similar to 0.013 mm yr(-1). Our simulations also flag the two highest Be-10-derived erosion rates at 11.8 kyr BP related to nonuniform catchment erosion. These changes in erosion rates and processes during the AHP may reflect a strong increase in precipitation, runoff, and erosivity at the arid-to-humid transition either at 15 or similar to 12 cal. kyr BP, before the landscape stabilized again, possibly due to increased soil production and denser vegetation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CastinoBookhagenStrecker2017,
  author    = {Castino, Fabiana and Bookhagen, Bodo and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Rainfall variability and trends of the past six decades (1950-2014) in the subtropical NW Argentine Andes},
  series = {Climate dynamics : observational, theoretical and computational research on the climate system},
  volume    = {48},
  journal   = {Climate dynamics : observational, theoretical and computational research on the climate system},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0930-7575},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00382-016-3127-2},
  pages     = {1049 -- 1067},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The eastern flanks of the Central Andes are characterized by deep convection, exposing them to hydrometeorological extreme events, often resulting in floods and a variety of mass movements. We assessed the spatiotemporal pattern of rainfall trends and the changes in the magnitude and frequency of extreme events (ae<yen>95th percentile) along an E-W traverse across the southern Central Andes using rain-gauge and high-resolution gridded datasets (CPC-uni and TRMM 3B42 V7). We generated different climate indices and made three key observations: (1) an increase of the annual rainfall has occurred at the transition between low (< 0.5 km) and intermediate (0.5-3 km) elevations between 1950 and 2014. Also, rainfall increases during the wet season and, to a lesser degree, decreases during the dry season. Increasing trends in annual total amounts characterize the period 1979-2014 in the arid, high-elevation southern Andean Plateau, whereas trend reversals with decreasing annual total amounts were found at low elevations. (2) For all analyzed periods, we observed small or no changes in the median values of the rainfall-frequency distribution, but significant trends with intensification or attenuation in the 95th percentile. (3) In the southern Andean Plateau, extreme rainfall events exhibit trends towards increasing magnitude and, to a lesser degree, frequency during the wet season, at least since 1979. Our analysis revealed that low (< 0.5 km), intermediate (0.5-3 km), and high-elevation (> 3 km) areas respond differently to changing climate conditions, and the transition zone between low and intermediate elevations is characterized by the most significant changes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MeessenSippelScheckWenderothetal.2018,
  author    = {Meessen, Christian and Sippel, Judith and Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena and Heine, C. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Crustal structure of the andean foreland in Northern Argentina},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  volume    = {123},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9313},
  doi       = {10.1002/2017JB014296},
  pages     = {1875 -- 1903},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Previous thermomechanical modeling studies indicated that variations in the temperature and strength of the crystalline crust might be responsible for the juxtaposition of domains with thin-skinned and thick-skinned crustal deformation along strike the foreland of the central Andes. However, there is no evidence supporting this hypothesis from data-integrative models. We aim to derive the density structure of the lithosphere by means of integrated 3-D density modeling, in order to provide a new basis for discussions of compositional variations within the crust and for future thermal and rheological modeling studies. Therefore, we utilize available geological and geophysical data to obtain a structural and density model of the uppermost 200km of the Earth. The derived model is consistent with the observed Bouguer gravity field. Our results indicate that the crystalline crust in northern Argentina can be represented by a lighter upper crust (2,800kg/m(3)) and a denser lower crust (3,100kg/m(3)). We find new evidence for high bulk crustal densities >3,000kg/m(3) in the northern Pampia terrane. These could originate from subducted Puncoviscana wackes or pelites that ponded to the base of the crystalline crust in the late Proterozoic or indicate increasing bulk content of mafic material. The precise composition of the northern foreland crust, whether mafic or felsic, has significant implications for further thermomechanical models and the rheological behavior of the lithosphere. A detailed sensitivity analysis of the input parameters indicates that the model results are robust with respect to the given uncertainties of the input data.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KueblerFriedrichGoldetal.2018,
  author    = {K{\"u}bler, Simon and Friedrich, Anke M. and Gold, Ryan D. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Historical coseismic surface deformation of fluvial gravel deposits, Schafberg fault, Lower Rhine Graben, Germany},
  series = {International journal of earth sciences},
  volume    = {107},
  journal   = {International journal of earth sciences},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1437-3254},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00531-017-1510-9},
  pages     = {571 -- 585},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Intraplate earthquakes pose a significant seismic hazard in densely populated rift systems like the Lower Rhine Graben in Central Europe. While the locations of most faults in this region are well known, constraints on their seismogenic potential and earthquake recurrence are limited. In particular, the Holocene deformation history of active faults remains enigmatic. In an exposure excavated across the Schafberg fault in the southwestern Lower Rhine Graben, south of Untermaubach, in the epicentral region of the 1756 Duren earthquake (M (L) 6.2), we mapped a complex deformation zone in Holocene fluvial sediments. We document evidence for at least one paleoearthquake that resulted in vertical surface displacement of 1.2 +/- 0.2 m. The most recent earthquake is constrained to have occurred after 815 AD, and we have modeled three possible earthquake scenarios constraining the timing of the latest event. Coseismic deformation is characterized by vertical offset of sedimentary contacts distributed over a 10-m-wide central damage zone. Faults were identified where they fracture and offset pebbles in the vertically displaced gravel layers and fracture orientation is consistent with the orientation of the Schafberg fault. This study provides the first constraint on the most recent surface-rupturing earthquake on the Schafberg fault. We cannot rule out that this fault acted as the source of the 1756 Duren earthquake. Our study emphasizes the importance of, and the need for, paleoseismic studies in this and other intracontinental regions, in particular on faults with subtle geomorphic expression that would not typically be recognized as being potentially seismically active. Our study documents textural features in unconsolidated sediment that formed in response to coseismic rupturing of the underlying bedrock fault. We suggest that these features, e.g., abundant oriented transgranular fractures in their context, should be added to the list of criteria used to identify a fault as potentially active. Such information would result in an increase of the number of potentially active faults that contribute to seismic hazards of intracontinental regions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GarcinDeschampsMenotetal.2018,
  author    = {Garcin, Yannick and Deschamps, Pierre and Menot, Guillemette and de Saulieu, Geoffroy and Schefuss, Enno and Sebag, David and Dupont, Lydie M. and Oslisly, Richard and Brademann, Brian and Mbusnum, Kevin G. and Onana, Jean-Michel and Ako, Andrew A. and Epp, Laura Saskia and Tjallingii, Rik and Strecker, Manfred and Brauer, Achim and Sachse, Dirk},
  title     = {Early anthropogenic impact on Western Central African rainforests 2,600 y ago},
  series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
  volume    = {115},
  journal   = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {National Acad. of Sciences},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0027-8424},
  doi       = {10.1073/pnas.1715336115},
  pages     = {3261 -- 3266},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {A potential human footprint on Western Central African rainforests before the Common Era has become the focus of an ongoing controversy. Between 3,000 y ago and 2,000 y ago, regional pollen sequences indicate a replacement of mature rainforests by a forest-savannah mosaic including pioneer trees. Although some studies suggested an anthropogenic influence on this forest fragmentation, current interpretations based on pollen data attribute the "rainforest crisis" to climate change toward a drier, more seasonal climate. A rigorous test of this hypothesis, however, requires climate proxies independent of vegetation changes. Here we resolve this controversy through a continuous 10,500-y record of both vegetation and hydrological changes from Lake Barombi in Southwest Cameroon based on changes in carbon and hydrogen isotope compositions of plant waxes. delta C-13-inferred vegetation changes confirm a prominent and abrupt appearance of C-4 plants in the Lake Barombi catchment, at 2,600 calendar years before AD 1950 (cal y BP), followed by an equally sudden return to rainforest vegetation at 2,020 cal y BP. delta D values from the same plant wax compounds, however, show no simultaneous hydrological change. Based on the combination of these data with a comprehensive regional archaeological database we provide evidence that humans triggered the rainforest fragmentation 2,600 y ago. Our findings suggest that technological developments, including agricultural practices and iron metallurgy, possibly related to the large-scale Bantu expansion, significantly impacted the ecosystems before the Common Era.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BallatoParraSchildgenetal.2018,
  author    = {Ballato, Paolo and Parra, Mauricio and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Dunkl, I. and Yildirim, C. and {\"O}zsayin, Erman and Sobel, Edward and Echtler, H. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Multiple exhumation phases in the Central Pontides (N Turkey)},
  series = {Tectonics},
  volume    = {37},
  journal   = {Tectonics},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0278-7407},
  doi       = {10.1029/2017TC004808},
  pages     = {1831 -- 1857},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The Central Pontides of N Turkey represents a mobile orogenic belt of the southern Eurasian margin that experienced several phases of exhumation associated with the consumption of different branches of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the amalgamation of continental domains. Our new low-temperature thermochronology data help to constrain the timing of these episodes, providing new insights into associated geodynamic processes. In particular, our data suggest that exhumation occurred at (1) similar to 110 to 90Ma, most likely during tectonic accretion and exhumation of metamorphic rocks from the subduction zone; (2) from similar to 60 to 40Ma, during the collision of the Kirehir and Anatolide-Tauride microcontinental domains with the Eurasian margin; (3) from similar to 0 to 25Ma, either during the early stages of the Arabia-Eurasia collision (soft collision) when the Arabian passive margin reached the trench, implying 70 to 530km of subduction of the Arabian passive margin, or during a phase of trench advance predating hard collision at similar to 20Ma; and (4) similar to 11Ma to the present, during transpression associated with the westward motion of Anatolia. Our findings document the punctuated nature of fault-related exhumation, with episodes of fast cooling followed by periods of slow cooling or subsidence, the role of inverted normal faults in controlling the Paleogene exhumation pattern, and of the North Anatolian Fault in dictating the most recent pattern of exhumation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EugsterThiedeScherleretal.2018,
  author    = {Eugster, Patricia and Thiede, Rasmus Christoph and Scherler, Dirk and St{\"u}bner, Konstanze and Sobel, Edward and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Segmentation of the Main Himalayan Thrust Revealed by Low-Temperature Thermochronometry in the Western Indian Himalaya},
  series = {Tectonics},
  volume    = {37},
  journal   = {Tectonics},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0278-7407},
  doi       = {10.1029/2017TC004752},
  pages     = {2710 -- 2726},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Despite remarkable tectonostratigraphic similarities along the Himalayan arc, pronounced topographic and exhumational variability exists in different morphotectonic segments. The processes responsible for this segmentation are debated. Of particular interest is a 30- to 40-km-wide orogen-parallel belt of rapid exhumation that extends from central Nepal to the western Himalaya and its possible linkage to a midcrustal ramp in the basal decollement, and the related growth of Lesser Himalayan duplex structures. Here we present 26 new apatite fission track cooling ages from the Beas-Lahul region, at the transition from the Central to the Western Himalaya (77 degrees-78 degrees E) to investigate segmentation in the Himalayan arc from a thermochronologic perspective. Together with previously published data from this part of the orogen, we document significant lateral changes in exhumation between the Dhauladar Range to the west, the Beas-Lahul region, and the Sutlej area to the east of the study area. In contrast to the Himalayan front farther east, exhumation in the far western sectors is focused at the frontal parts of the mountain range and associated with the hanging wall of the Main Boundary Thrust fault ramp. Our results allow us to spatially correlate the termination of the rapid exhumation belt with a midcrustal ramp to the west. We suggest that a plunging anticline at the northwestern edge of the Larji-Kullu-Rampur window represents the termination of the Central Himalayan segment, which is related to the evolution of the Lesser Himalayan duplex. Key Points},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TofeldeDuesingSchildgenetal.2018,
  author    = {Tofelde, Stefanie and Duesing, Walter and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Wickert, Andrew D. and Wittmann, Hella and Alonso, Ricardo N. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Effects of deep-seated versus shallow hillslope processes on cosmogenic Be-10 concentrations in fluvial sand and gravel},
  series = {Earth surface processes and landforms : the journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group},
  volume    = {43},
  journal   = {Earth surface processes and landforms : the journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group},
  number    = {15},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0197-9337},
  doi       = {10.1002/esp.4471},
  pages     = {3086 -- 3098},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) concentrations in fluvial sediment, from which denudation rates are commonly inferred, can be affected by hillslope processes. TCN concentrations in gravel and sand may differ if localized, deep-excavation processes (e.g. landslides, debris flows) affect the contributing catchment, whereas the TCN concentrations of sand and gravel tend to be more similar when diffusional processes like soil creep and sheetwash are dominant. To date, however, no study has systematically compared TCN concentrations in different detrital grain-size fractions with a detailed inventory of hillslope processes from the entire catchment. Here we compare concentrations of the TCN Be-10 in 20 detrital sand samples from the Quebrada del Toro (southern Central Andes, Argentina) to a hillslope-process inventory from each contributing catchment. Our comparison reveals a shift from low-slope gullying and scree production in slowly denuding, low-slope areas to steep-slope gullying and landsliding in fast-denuding, steep areas. To investigate whether the nature of hillslope processes (locally excavating or more uniformly denuding) may be reflected in a comparison of the Be-10 concentrations of sand and gravel, we define the normalized sand-gravel index (NSGI) as the Be-10-concentration difference between sand and gravel divided by their summed concentrations. We find a positive, linear relationship between the NSGI and median slope, such that our NSGI values broadly reflect the shift in hillslope processes from low-slope gullying and scree production to steep-slope gullying and landsliding. Higher NSGI values characterize regions affected by steep-slope gullying or landsliding. We relate the large scatter in the relationship, which is exhibited particularly in low-slope areas, to reduced hillslope-channel connectivity and associated transient sediment storage within those catchments. While high NSGI values in well-connected catchments are a reliable signal of deep-excavation processes, hillslope excavation processes may not be reliably recorded by NSGI values where sediment experiences transient storage. (c) 2018 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BerndtYildirimCineretal.2018,
  author    = {Berndt, Christopher and Yildirim, Cengiz and Ciner, Attila and Strecker, Manfred and Ertunc, Gulgun and Sarikaya, M. Akif and {\"O}zcan, Orkan and Ozturk, Tugba and Kiyak, Nafiye Gunec},
  title     = {Quaternary uplift of the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau},
  series = {Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal},
  volume    = {201},
  journal   = {Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0277-3791},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.029},
  pages     = {446 -- 469},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {We analysed the interplay between coastal uplift, sea level change in the Black Sea, and incision of the Kizilirmak River in northern Turkey. These processes have created multiple co-genetic fluvial and marine terrace sequences that serve as excellent strain markers to assess the ongoing evolution of the Pontide orogenic wedge and the growth of the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau. We used high-resolution topographic data, OSL ages, and published information on past sea levels to analyse the spatiotemporal evolution of these terraces; we derived a regional uplift model for the northward advancing orogenic wedge that supports the notion of laterally variable uplift rates along the flanks of the Pontides. The best-fit uplift model defines a constant long-term uplift rate of 0.28 +/- 0.07 m/ka for the last 545 ka. This model explains the evolution of the terrace sequence in light of active tectonic processes and superposed cycles of climate-controlled sea-level change. Our new data reveal regional uplift characteristics that are comparable to the inner sectors of the Central Pontides; accordingly, the rate of uplift diminishes with increasing distance from the main strand of the restraining bend of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). This spatial relationship between the regional impact of the restraining bend of the NAFZ and uplift of the Pontide wedge thus suggests a strong link between the activity of the NAFZ, deformation and uplift in the Pontide orogenic wedge, and the sustained lateral growth of the Central Anatolian Plateau flank. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BallatoBruneStrecker2019,
  author    = {Ballato, Paolo and Brune, Sascha and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Sedimentary loading-unloading cycles and faulting in intermontane basins},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {506},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2018.10.043},
  pages     = {388 -- 396},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The removal, redistribution, and transient storage of sediments in tectonically active mountain belts is thought to exert a first-order control on shallow crustal stresses, fault activity, and hence on the spatiotemporal pattern of regional deformation processes. Accordingly, sediment loading and unloading cycles in intermontane sedimentary basins may inhibit or promote intrabasinal faulting, respectively, but unambiguous evidence for this potential link has been elusive so far. Here we combine 2D numerical experiments that simulate contractional deformation in a broken-foreland setting (i.e., a foreland where shortening is diachronously absorbed by spatially disparate, reverse faults uplifting basement blocks) with field data from intermontane basins in the NW Argentine Andes. Our modeling results suggest that thicker sedimentary fills (>0.7-1.0 km) may suppress basinal faulting processes, while thinner fills (<0.7 km) tend to delay faulting. Conversely, the removal of sedimentary loads via fluvial incision and basin excavation promotes renewed intrabasinal faulting. These results help to better understand the tectono-sedimentary history of intermontane basins that straddle the eastern border of the Andean Plateau in northwestern Argentina. For example, the Santa Maria and the Humahuaca basins record intrabasinal deformation during or after sediment unloading, while the Quebrada del Toro Basin reflects the suppression of intrabasinal faulting due to loading by coarse conglomerates. We conclude that sedimentary loading and unloading cycles may exert a fundamental control on spatiotemporal deformation patterns in intermontane basins of tectonically active broken forelands. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GeorgievaGallagherSobczyketal.2019,
  author    = {Georgieva, Viktoria and Gallagher, Kerry and Sobczyk, Artur and Sobel, Edward and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Ehlers, Todd and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Effects of slab-window, alkaline volcanism, and glaciation on thermochronometer cooling histories, Patagonian Andes},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {511},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2019.01.030},
  pages     = {164 -- 176},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Southern Patagonia is a prime example of ongoing oceanic ridge collision and slab-window formation sustained over several million years. The impact of these phenomena on the thermal structure and exhumation of the crust have been mainly assessed with low-temperature thermochronology of bedrock samples. Here, we infer thermal histories from new and existing thermochronological data from the region of most recent ridge collision. In particular, we evaluate the potential far-reaching thermal effects of the evolving slab window, which have previously been considered responsible for patterns of late Miocene reheating associated with back-arc alkaline volcanism. Our model results define protracted cooling since similar to 15 Ma and stepwise exhumation since the late Miocene. The pattern of stepwise exhumation closely matches the onset of Patagonian glaciation at 7 Ma and the successive pulse of glacial incision coeval with neotectonic activity since 3-4 Ma that are also documented by independent geological and geomorphological evidence in the region. Importantly, our findings challenge the recently suggested lack of glacial erosion and incision since 5 Ma in this region. Furthermore, in contrast to previous modelling studies, we find that the available data do not evidence a previously proposed northward-propagating heating event associated with alkaline volcanism. We hypothesize that the anomalous alkaline volcanism in the Patagonian back-arc might be related to trench-orthogonal tears aligned with transform faults in the subducting plate. The substantial differences from the previous modelling procedure on some of the same samples is demonstrated to result from an important lack of convergence in model runs. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PingelSchildgenStreckeretal.2019,
  author    = {Pingel, Heiko and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Strecker, Manfred and Wittmann, Hella},
  title     = {Pliocene-Pleistocene orographic control on denudation in northwest Argentina},
  series = {Geology},
  volume    = {47},
  journal   = {Geology},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {American Institute of Physics},
  address   = {Boulder},
  issn      = {0091-7613},
  doi       = {10.1130/G45800.1},
  pages     = {359 -- 362},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The intermontane Humahuaca Basin in the Eastern Cordillera of the northwest Argentine Andes lies leeward of an orographic barrier to easterly derived moisture. An average of >2000 mm/yr of rainfall along the eastern flanks of the barrier contrasts with <200 mm/yr in the orogen interior. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions suggest that the basin became disconnected from the foreland during the Miocene-Pliocene by the growth of fault-bounded mountain ranges. Fossil records, sedimentology, and stable isotope data imply that rerouting of the fluvial network by 4.2 Ma and reduced rainfall by ca. 3 Ma were consequences of that range uplift. Here, we present cosmogenic nuclide-derived (Be-10) paleodenudation rates from 6 to 2 Ma fluvial deposits collected from the Humahuaca Basin. Despite increased tectonic activity, our Be-10 data show a tenfold decrease in denudation rates at ca. 3 Ma, documenting a link between uplift-induced semiarid conditions and decreasing hillslope denudation rates. This new data set thus demonstrates the influence of hydrological change on spatiotemporal denudation patterns in tectonically active mountain areas.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MelnickHillemannJaraMunozetal.2019,
  author    = {Melnick, Daniel and Hillemann, Christian and Jara Mu{\~n}oz, Julius and Garrett, Ed and Cortes-Aranda, Joaquin and Molina, Diego and Tassara, Andr{\´e}s and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Hidden Holocene Slip Along the Coastal El Yolki Fault in Central Chile and Its Possible Link With Megathrust Earthquakes},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  volume    = {124},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  number    = {7},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9313},
  doi       = {10.1029/2018JB017188},
  pages     = {7280 -- 7302},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Megathrust earthquakes are commonly accompanied by increased upper-plate seismicity and occasionally triggered fault slip. In Chile, crustal faults slipped during and after the 2010 Maule (M8.8) earthquake. We studied the El Yolki fault (EYOF), a transtensional structure midways the Maule rupture not triggered in 2010. We mapped a Holocene coastal plain using light detection and ranging, which did not reveal surface ruptures. However, the inner-edge and shoreline angles along the coastal plain as well as 4.3- to 4.0-ka intertidal sediments are back-tilted on the EYOF footwall block, documenting 10 m of vertical displacement. These deformed markers imply similar to 2-mm/year throw rate, and dislocation models a slip rate of 5.6 mm/year for the EYOF. In a 5-m-deep trench, the Holocene intertidal sediments onlap to five erosive steps, interpreted as staircase wave-cut landforms formed by discrete events of relative sea level drop. We tentatively associated these steps with coseismic uplift during EYOF earthquakes between 4.3 and 4.0 ka. The Maule earthquake rupture may be subdivided into three subsegments based on coseismic slip and gravity anomalies. Coulomb stress transfer models predict neutral stress changes at the EYOF during the Maule earthquake but positive changes for a synthetic slip distribution at the central subsegment. If EYOF earthquakes were triggered by megathrust events, their slip distribution was probably focused in the central subsegment. Our study highlights the millennial variability of crustal faulting and the megathrust earthquake cycle in Chile, with global implications for assessing the hazards posed by hidden but potentially seismogenic coastal faults along subduction zones.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PingelAlonsoAltenbergeretal.2019,
  author    = {Pingel, Heiko and Alonso, Ricardo N. and Altenberger, Uwe and Cottle, John and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Miocene to Quaternary basin evolution at the southeastern Andean Plateau (Puna) margin (ca. 24°S lat, Northwestern Argentina)},
  series = {Basin research},
  volume    = {31},
  journal   = {Basin research},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0950-091X},
  doi       = {10.1111/bre.12346},
  pages     = {808 -- 826},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The Andean Plateau of NW Argentina is a prominent example of a high-elevation orogenic plateau characterized by internal drainage, arid to hyper-arid climatic conditions and a compressional basin-and-range morphology comprising thick sedimentary basins. However, the development of the plateau as a geomorphic entity is not well understood. Enhanced orographic rainout along the eastern, windward plateau flank causes reduced fluvial run-off and thus subdued surface-process rates in the arid hinterland. Despite this, many Puna basins document a complex history of fluvial processes that have transformed the landscape from aggrading basins with coalescing alluvial fans to the formation of multiple fluvial terraces that are now abandoned. Here, we present data from the San Antonio de los Cobres (SAC) area, a sub-catchment of the Salinas Grandes Basin located on the eastern Puna Plateau bordering the externally drained Eastern Cordillera. Our data include: (a) new radiometric U-Pb zircon data from intercalated volcanic ash layers and detrital zircons from sedimentary key horizons; (b) sedimentary and geochemical provenance indicators; (c) river profile analysis; and (d) palaeo-landscape reconstruction to assess aggradation, incision and basin connectivity. Our results suggest that the eastern Puna margin evolved from a structurally controlled intermontane basin during the Middle Miocene, similar to intermontane basins in the Mio-Pliocene Eastern Cordillera and the broken Andean foreland. Our refined basin stratigraphy implies that sedimentation continued during the Late Mio-Pliocene and the Quaternary, after which the SAC area was subjected to basin incision and excavation of the sedimentary fill. Because this incision is unrelated to baselevel changes and tectonic processes, and is similar in timing to the onset of basin fill and excavation cycles of intermontane basins in the adjacent Eastern Cordillera, we suspect a regional climatic driver, triggered by the Mid-Pleistocene Climate Transition, caused the present-day morphology. Our observations suggest that lateral orogenic growth, aridification of orogenic interiors, and protracted plateau sedimentation are all part of a complex process chain necessary to establish and maintain geomorphic characteristics of orogenic plateaus in tectonically active mountain belts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{IbarraLiuMeessenetal.2019,
  author    = {Ibarra, Federico and Liu, Sibiao and Meeßen, Christian and Prezzi, Claudia Beatriz and Bott, Judith and Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena and Sobolev, Stephan Vladimir and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {3D data-derived lithospheric structure of the Central Andes and its implications for deformation: Insights from gravity and geodynamic modelling},
  series = {Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth},
  volume    = {766},
  journal   = {Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0040-1951},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.tecto.2019.06.025},
  pages     = {453 -- 468},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {We present a new three-dimensional density model of the Central Andes characterizing the structure and composition of the lithosphere together with a geodynamic simulation subjected to continental intraplate shortening. The principal aim of this study is to assess the link between heterogeneities in the lithosphere and different deformation patterns and styles along the orogen-foreland system of the Central Andes. First, we performed a 3D integration of new geological and geophysical data with previous models through forward modelling of Bouguer anomalies. Subsequently, a geodynamic model was set-up and parametrized from the previously obtained 3D structure and composition. We do not find a unambigous correlation between the resulting density configuration and terrane boundaries proposed by other authors. Our models reproduce the observed Bouguer anomaly and deformation patterns in the foreland. We find that thin-skinned deformation in the Subandean fold-and thrust belt is controlled by a thick sedimentary layer and coeval underthrusting of thin crust of the foreland beneath the thick crust of the Andean Plateau. In the adjacent thick-skinned deformation province of the inverted Cretaceous extensional Santa Barbara System sedimentary strata are much thinner and crustal thickness transitions from greater values in the Andean to a more reduced thickness in the foreland. Our results show that deformation processes occur where the highest gradients of lithospheric strength are present between the orogen and the foreland, thus suggesting a spatial correlation between deformation and lithospheric strength.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TeshebaevaEchtlerBookhagenetal.2019,
  author    = {Teshebaeva, Kanayim and Echtler, Helmut and Bookhagen, Bodo and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) and slow-moving landslides in the southern Tien Shan Mountains: new insights from InSAR, tectonic and geomorphic analysis},
  series = {Earth surface processes and landforms : the journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Earth surface processes and landforms : the journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0197-9337},
  doi       = {10.1002/esp.4648},
  pages     = {2333 -- 2348},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {We investigated deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) and slow mass movements in the southern Tien Shan Mountains front using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) time-series data obtained by the ALOS/PALSAR satellite. DSGSD evolves with a variety of geomorphological changes (e.g. valley erosion, incision of slope drainage networks) over time that affect earth surfaces and, therefore, often remain unexplored. We analysed 118 interferograms generated from 20 SAR images that covered about 900 km(2). To understand the spatial pattern of the slope movements and to identify triggering parameters, we correlated surface dynamics with the tectono-geomorphic processes and lithologic conditions of the active front of the Alai Range. We observed spatially continuous, constant hillslope movements with a downslope speed of approximately 71 mm year(-1) velocity. Our findings suggest that the lithological and structural framework defined by protracted deformation was the main controlling factor for sustained relief and, consequently, downslope mass movements. The analysed structures revealed integration of a geological/structural setting with the superposition of Cretaceous-Paleogene alternating carbonatic and clastic sedimentary structures as the substratum for younger, less consolidated sediments. This type of structural setting causes the development of large-scale, gravity-driven DSGSD and slow mass movement. Surface deformations with clear scarps and multiple crest lines triggered planes for large-scale deep mass creeps, and these were related directly to active faults and folds in the geologic structures. Our study offers a new combination of InSAR techniques and structural field observations, along with morphometric and seismologic correlations, to identify and quantify slope instability phenomena along a tectonically active mountain front. These results contribute to an improved natural risk assessment in these structures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JaraMunozMelnickPedojaetal.2019,
  author    = {Jara Mu{\~n}oz, Julius and Melnick, Daniel and Pedoja, Kevin and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {TerraceM-2: A MatlabR (R) Interface for Mapping and Modeling Marine and Lacustrine Terraces},
  series = {Frontiers in Earth Science},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Earth Science},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2296-6463},
  doi       = {10.3389/feart.2019.00255},
  pages     = {18},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The morphology of marine and lacustrine terraces has been largely used to measure past sea- and lake-level positions and estimate vertical deformation in a wealth of studies focused on climate and tectonic processes. To obtain accurate morphometric assessments of terrace morphology we present TerraceM-2, an improved version of our MatlabR (R) graphic-user interface that provides new methodologies for morphometric analyses as well as landscape evolution and fault-dislocation modeling. The new version includes novel routines to map the elevation and spatial distribution of terraces, to model their formation and evolution, and to estimate fault-slip rates from terrace deformation patterns. TerraceM-2 has significantly improves its processing speed and mapping capabilities, and includes separate functions for developing customized workflows beyond the graphic-user interface. We illustrate these new mapping and modeling capabilities with three examples: mapping lacustrine shorelines in the Dead Sea to estimate deformation across the Dead Sea Fault, landscape evolution modeling to estimate a history of uplift rates in southern Peru, and dislocation modeling of deformed marine terraces in California. These examples also illustrate the need to use topographic data of different resolutions. The new modeling and mapping routines of TerraceM-2 highlight the advantages of an integrated joint mapping and modeling approach to improve the efficiency and precision of coastal terrace metrics in both marine and lacustrine environments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ArnousZeckraVenerdinietal.2020,
  author    = {Arnous, Ahmad and Zeckra, Martin and Venerdini, Agostina and Alvarado, Patricia and Arrowsmith, Ram{\´o}n and Guillemoteau, Julien and Landgraf, Angela and Guti{\´e}rrez, Adolfo Antonio and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Neotectonic Activity in the Low-Strain Broken Foreland (Santa B{\´a}rbara System) of the North-Western Argentinean Andes (26°S)},
  series = {Lithosphere},
  volume    = {2020},
  journal   = {Lithosphere},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {GSA},
  address   = {Boulder, Colo.},
  issn      = {1947-4253},
  doi       = {10.2113/2020/8888588},
  pages     = {1 -- 25},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Uplift in the broken Andean foreland of the Argentine Santa B{\´a}rbara System (SBS) is associated with the contractional reactivation of basement anisotropies, similar to those reported from the thick-skinned Cretaceous-Eocene Laramide province of North America. Fault scarps, deformed Quaternary deposits and landforms, disrupted drainage patterns, and medium-sized earthquakes within the SBS suggest that movement along these structures may be a recurring phenomenon, with yet to be defined repeat intervals and rupture lengths. In contrast to the Subandes thrust belt farther north, where eastward-migrating deformation has generated a well-defined thrust front, the SBS records spatiotemporally disparate deformation along structures that are only known to the first order. We present herein the results of geomorphic desktop analyses, structural field observations, and 2D electrical resistivity tomography and seismic-refraction tomography surveys and an interpretation of seismic reflection profiles across suspected fault scarps in the sedimentary basins adjacent to the Candelaria Range (CR) basement uplift, in the south-central part of the SBS. Our analysis in the CR piedmont areas reveals consistency between the results of near-surface electrical resistivity and seismic-refraction tomography surveys, the locations of prominent fault scarps, and structural geometries at greater depth imaged by seismic reflection data. We suggest that this deformation is driven by deep-seated blind thrusting beneath the CR and associated regional warping, while shortening involving Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary strata in the adjacent basins was accommodated by layer-parallel folding and flexural-slip faults that cut through Quaternary landforms and deposits at the surface.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GarciaHongnYagupskyetal.2019,
  author    = {Garcia, Victor H. and Hongn, Fernando D. and Yagupsky, Daniel and Pingel, Heiko and Kinnaird, Timothy and Winocur, Diego and Cristallini, Ernesto and Robinson, Ruth Aj and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Late Quaternary tectonics controlled by fault reactivation. Insights from a local transpressional system in the intermontane Lerma valley, Cordillera Oriental, NW Argentina},
  series = {Journal of structural geology},
  volume    = {128},
  journal   = {Journal of structural geology},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0191-8141},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jsg.2019.103875},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {We analyzed the Lomas de Carabajal area in the intermontane Lerma valley of the Cordillera Oriental to assess the level of neotectonic activity in a densely populated region of northwestern Argentina. In this region, Plio-Pleistocene synorogenic conglomerates are deformed, locally associated with high-angle faults, and NNW-SSE oriented en-echelon folds characterized by wavelengths of < 1 km. The deformed Quaternary units follow the same pattern of deformation as observed in the underlying Neogene deposits; growth-strata geometries are observed near faults. This configuration is compatible with local left-lateral transpressional tectonism driven by ENE-WSW buttressing against the NW-oriented border of a Cretaceous extensional basin (Alemania sub-basin). Optically Stimulated Luminescence analysis of sandy-silty layers interbedded within the folded late Pleistocene conglomeratic sequence helps to determine uplift rates of 0.83-0.87 mm/a during the last 30-40 ka. Nearby the Lomas de Carabajal, a WNW-striking, 3-m-high fault scarp disrupts radiocarbon dated, 10-ka-old loessic deposits providing a Holocene mean uplift rate of 0.30 mm/a. Our data unambiguously show that shallow crustal deformation in the intermontane Lerma valley is ongoing; some of this deformation may be associated with seismicity. Our findings support the notion of temporally and spatially disparate deformation processes in the broken foreland of the northwestern Argentinean Andes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HetzelNiedermannTaoetal.2006,
  author    = {Hetzel, Ralf and Niedermann, Samuel and Tao, Mingxin and Kubik, Peter W. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Climatic versus tectonic control on river incision at the margin of NE Tibet: Be-10 exposure dating of river terraces at the mountain front of the Qilian Shan},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  volume    = {111},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  publisher = {Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9003},
  doi       = {10.1029/2005JF000352},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {[1] We document late Pleistocene - Holocene aggradation and incision processes at the mountain front of the Qilian Shan, an active intracontinental fold-and-thrust belt accommodating a significant portion of the India-Asia convergence. The Shiyou River cuts through a NNE vergent fault propagation fold with Miocene red beds in the core and Pliocene - Quaternary growth strata on the northern forelimb. South of the anticline, Miocene strata dip 20 degrees SSW, suggesting a similar orientation for the basal decollement. After aggradation of an similar to 150-m-thick, late Pleistocene valley fill, the Shiyou River formed three terraces. The highest terrace, located 170 m above the river, constitutes the top of the fill. The other terraces are fill cut terraces: their treads are located 130 - 105 m and 37 m above the river, respectively. The 10 Be exposure dating of the terraces suggests that river incision accelerated from 0.8 +/- 0.2 mm yr(-1) to similar to 10 mm yr(-1) at 10 - 15 kyr. We interpret fast Holocene river incision as largely unrelated to tectonic forcing. The late Pleistocene incision rate of 0.8 +/- 0.2 mm yr(-1) places an upper limit of 2.2 +/- 0.5 mm yr(-1) on the horizontal shortening rate, assuming that incision is solely caused by rock uplift above a decollement dipping 20 degrees. However, the actual shortening rate may lie between similar to 2.2 mm yr(-1) and zero because deformation of the terraces and the valley fill cannot be unequivocally demonstrated. Our estimate is consistent with the bulk shortening rate of similar to 5 - 10 mm yr(-1) across several faults in NE Tibet derived from neotectonic and GPS data, although in case of the Shiyou River, Holocene deformation is barely discernible owing to intense climate-induced river incision.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeekenSobelCoutandetal.2006,
  author    = {Deeken, Anke and Sobel, Edward and Coutand, Isabelle and Haschke, Michael and Riller, Ulrich and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Development of the southern Eastern Cordillera, NW Argentina, constrained by apatite fission track thermochronology: From early Cretaceous extension to middle Miocene shortening},
  series = {Tectonics},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Tectonics},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0278-7407},
  doi       = {10.1029/2005TC001894},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {[ 1] For the Puna Plateau and Eastern Cordillera of NW Argentina, the temporal and spatial pattern of deformation and surface uplift remain poorly constrained. Analysis of completely and partially reset apatite fission track samples collected from vertical profiles along an ESE trending transect extending from the plateau interior across the southern Eastern Cordillera at similar to 25 degrees S reveals important constraints on the deformation and exhumation history of this part of the Andes. The data constrain the Neogene Andean development of the Eastern Cordillera as well as rift-related exhumation for some of the sampled locations in the Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous. An intervening Eocene-Oligocene exhumation episode in the southern Eastern Cordillera was probably related to crustal shortening. Subsequent reburial of the area by Andean foreland basin strata commenced between 30 and 25 Myr. Magnitude and duration of sedimentation, revealed by thermal modeling, differ between the sample locations, pointing to an eastward propagating basin system. In the southern Eastern Cordillera, Andean deformation commenced at 22.5 - 21 Myr, predating both the inferred formation of significant topography by 5 - 7.5 Myr and preservation of sediments in the adjacent Cenozoic basins by 6.5 - 8 Myr. Comparing the calculated structural depth of partially reset samples suggests that newly formed west dipping reverse faults along the former Salta Rift margin accommodated most of the Neogene tectonic movement. Late Cenozoic deformation at the southern Eastern Cordillera began earlier in the west and subsequently propagated eastward. The lateral growth of the orogen is coupled with a foreland basin system developing in front of the range and then becomes subsequently compartmentalized by later emergent topography.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GuzmanStreckerMartietal.2017,
  author    = {Guzman, Silvina and Strecker, Manfred and Marti, Joan and Petrinovic, Ivan A. and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Grosse, Pablo and Montero-Lopez, Carolina and Neri, Marco and Carniel, Roberto and D. Hongn, Fernando and Muruaga, Claudia and Sudo, Masafumi},
  title     = {Construction and degradation of a broad volcanic massif: The Vicuna Pampa volcanic complex, southern Central Andes, NW Argentina},
  series = {Geological Society of America bulletin},
  volume    = {129},
  journal   = {Geological Society of America bulletin},
  publisher = {American Institute of Physics},
  address   = {Boulder},
  issn      = {0016-7606},
  doi       = {10.1130/B31631.1},
  pages     = {750 -- 766},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The Vicuna Pampa volcanic complex, at the SE edge of the arid Puna Plateau of the Central Andes, records the interplay between volcanic construction and degra-dational processes. The low-sloping Vicuna Pampa volcanic complex, with a 1200-m-deep, southeastward-opening depression, was previously interpreted as a collapse caldera based on morphological considerations. However, characteristic features associated with collapse calderas do not exist, and close inspection instead suggests that the Vicuna Pampa volcanic complex is a strongly eroded, broad, massif-type composite volcano of mainly basaltic to trachyandesitic composition. Construction of the Vicuna Pampa volcanic complex occurred during two distinct cycles separated by the development of the depression. The first and main cycle took place at ca. 12 Ma and was dominated by lava flows and subordinate scoria cones and domes. The second cycle, possibly late Miocene in age, affected the SW portion of the depression with the emplacement of domes. We interpret the central depression as the result of a possible sector collapse and subsequent intense fluvial erosion during middle to late Miocene time, facilitated by faulting, steepened topography, and wetter climate conditions compared to today. We estimate that similar to 65\% of the initial edifice of similar to 240 km(3) was degraded. The efficiency of degradation processes for removing mass from the Vicuna Pampa volcanic complex is surprising, considering that today the region is arid, and the stream channels within the complex are predominantly transport limited, forming a series of coalesced, aggraded alluvial fans and eolian infill. Hence, the Vicuna Pampa volcanic complex records the effects of past degradation efficiency that differs substantially from that of today.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JaraMunozMelnickZambranoetal.2017,
  author    = {Jara Mu{\~n}oz, Julius and Melnick, Daniel and Zambrano, Patricio and Rietbrock, Andreas and Gonzalez, Javiera and Argandona, Boris and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Quantifying offshore fore-arc deformation and splay-fault slip using drowned Pleistocene shorelines, Arauco Bay, Chile},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  volume    = {122},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9313},
  doi       = {10.1002/2016JB013339},
  pages     = {4529 -- 4558},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Most of the deformation associated with the seismic cycle in subduction zones occurs offshore and has been therefore difficult to quantify with direct observations at millennial timescales. Here we study millennial deformation associated with an active splay-fault system in the Arauco Bay area off south central Chile. We describe hitherto unrecognized drowned shorelines using high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, geomorphic, sedimentologic, and paleontologic observations and quantify uplift rates using a Landscape Evolution Model. Along a margin-normal profile, uplift rates are 1.3m/ka near the edge of the continental shelf, 1.5m/ka at the emerged Santa Maria Island, -0.1m/ka at the center of the Arauco Bay, and 0.3m/ka in the mainland. The bathymetry images a complex pattern of folds and faults representing the surface expression of the crustal-scale Santa Maria splay-fault system. We modeled surface deformation using two different structural scenarios: deep-reaching normal faults and deep-reaching reverse faults with shallow extensional structures. Our preferred model comprises a blind reverse fault extending from 3km depth down to the plate interface at 16km that slips at a rate between 3.0 and 3.7m/ka. If all the splay-fault slip occurs during every great megathrust earthquake, with a recurrence of similar to 150-200years, the fault would slip similar to 0.5m per event, equivalent to a magnitude similar to 6.4 earthquake. However, if the splay-fault slips only with a megathrust earthquake every similar to 1000years, the fault would slip similar to 3.7m per event, equivalent to a magnitude similar to 7.5 earthquake.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MelnickYildirimHillemannetal.2017,
  author    = {Melnick, Daniel and Yildirim, Cengiz and Hillemann, Christian and Garcin, Yannick and Ciner, T. Attila and Perez-Gussinye, Marta and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Slip along the Sultanhani Fault in Central Anatolia from deformed Pleistocene shorelines of palaeo-lake Konya and implications for seismic hazards in low-strain regions},
  series = {Geophysical journal international},
  volume    = {209},
  journal   = {Geophysical journal international},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0956-540X},
  doi       = {10.1093/gji/ggx074},
  pages     = {1431 -- 1454},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Central Anatolia is a low-relief, high-elevation region where decadal-scale deformation rates estimated from space geodesy suggest low strain rates within a stiff microplate. However, numerous Quaternary faults have been mapped within this low-strain region and estimating their slip rate and seismic potential is important for hazard assessments in an area of increasing infrastructural development. Here we focus on the Sultanhani Fault (SF), which constitutes an integral part of the Eskisehir-Cihanbeyli Fault System, and use deformed maximum highstand shorelines of palaeo-lake Konya to estimate tectonic slip rates at millennial scale. Some of these shorelines were previously interpreted as fault scarps, but we provide conclusive evidence for their erosional origin. We found that shoreline-angle elevations estimated from differential GPS profiles record vertical displacements of 10.2 m across the SF. New radiocarbon ages of lacustrine molluscs suggest 22.4 m of relative lake-level fall between 22.1 +/- 0.3 and 21.7 +/- 0.4 cal. kaBP, constraining the timing of abrupt abandonment of the highstand shoreline. Models of lithospheric rebound associated with regressions of the Tuz Golu and Konya palaeolakes predict only similar to 1 m of regional-scale uplift across the Konya Basin. Dislocation models of displaced shorelines suggest fault-slip rates of 1.5 and 1.8 mm yr(-1) for planar and listric fault geometries, respectively, providing reasonable results for the latter. We found fault scarps in the Nasuhpinar mudflat that likely represent the most recent ground-breaking rupture of the SF, with an average vertical displacement of 1.2 +/- 0.5 m estimated from 54 topographic profiles, equivalent to a M similar to 6.5-6.9 earthquake based on empirical scaling laws. If such events were characteristic during the ultimate 21 ka, a relatively short recurrence time of similar to 800-900 yr would be needed to account for the millennial slip rate. Alternatively, the fault scarp at Nasuhpinar might represent a larger earthquake requiring more frequent smaller events to account for the millennial rate. The relatively fast slip rate of the SF over the past 21 ka is unlikely to have persisted over longer timescales and might reflect spatiotemporal variations in deformation rates within kinematically-linked fault systems within Central Anatolia, or a transient perturbation to the local stress field or fault strength. Such perturbation might have been related to climatically controlled changes in surface and near-surface loads and by interactions among the different tectonic processes that have been proposed to drive the overall slow uplift and associated extension in the Central Anatolian Plateau.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeidarzadehBallatoHassanzadehetal.2017,
  author    = {Heidarzadeh, Ghasem and Ballato, Paolo and Hassanzadeh, Jamshid and Ghassemi, Mohammad R. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Lake overspill and onset of fluvial incision in the Iranian Plateau: Insights from the Mianeh Basin},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {469},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2017.04.019},
  pages     = {135 -- 147},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Orogenic plateaus represent a prime example of the interplay between surface processes, climate, and tectonics. This kind of an interplay is thought to be responsible for the formation, preservation, and, ultimately, the destruction of a typical elevated, low-internal relief plateau landscape. Here, we document the timing of intermontane basin filling associated with the formation of a low-relief plateau morphology, followed by basin opening and plateau-flank incision in the northwestern Iranian Plateau of the Arabia Eurasia collision zone. Our new U-Pb zircon ages from intercalated volcanic ashes in exposed plateau basin-fill sediments from the most external plateau basin (Mianeh Basin) document that the basin was internally drained at least between similar to 7 and 4 Ma, and that from similar to 5 to 4 Ma it was characterized by an similar to 2-km-high and similar to 0.5-km-deep lake (Mianeh paleolake), most likely as a result of wetter climatic conditions. At the same time, the eastern margin of the Mianeh Basin (and, therefore, of the Iranian Plateau) experienced limited tectonic activity, as documented by onlapping sediments and smoothed topography. The combination of high lake level and subdued topography at the plateau margin led to lake overspill, which resulted in the cutting of an similar to 1-km-deep bedrock gorge (Amardos) by the Qezel-Owzan River (QOR) beginning at similar to 4 Ma. This was associated with the incision of the plateau landscape and the establishment of fluvial connectivity with the Caspian Sea. Overall, our study emphasizes the interplay between surface and tectonic processes in forming, maintaining, and destroying orogenic plateau morphology, the transitional nature of orogenic plateau landscapes on timescales of 10(6) yr, and, finally, the role played by overspilling in integrating endorheic basins. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BallatoCifelliHeidarzadehetal.2017,
  author    = {Ballato, Paolo and Cifelli, Francesca and Heidarzadeh, Ghasem and Ghassemi, Mohammad R. and Wickert, Andrew D. and Hassanzadeh, Jamshid and Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume and Balling, Philipp and Sudo, Masafumi and Zeilinger, Gerold and Schmitt, Axel K. and Mattei, Massimo and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Tectono-sedimentary evolution of the northern Iranian Plateau: insights from middle-late Miocene foreland-basin deposits},
  series = {Basin research},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Basin research},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0950-091X},
  doi       = {10.1111/bre.12180},
  pages     = {417 -- 446},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Sedimentary basins in the interior of orogenic plateaus can provide unique insights into the early history of plateau evolution and related geodynamic processes. The northern sectors of the Iranian Plateau of the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone offer the unique possibility to study middle-late Miocene terrestrial clastic and volcaniclastic sediments that allow assessing the nascent stages of collisional plateau formation. In particular, these sedimentary archives allow investigating several debated and poorly understood issues associated with the long-term evolution of the Iranian Plateau, including the regional spatio-temporal characteristics of sedimentation and deformation and the mechanisms of plateau growth. We document that middle-late Miocene crustal shortening and thickening processes led to the growth of a basement-cored range (Takab Range Complex) in the interior of the plateau. This triggered the development of a foreland-basin (Great Pari Basin) to the east between 16.5 and 10.7Ma. By 10.7Ma, a fast progradation of conglomerates over the foreland strata occurred, most likely during a decrease in flexural subsidence triggered by rock uplift along an intraforeland basement-cored range (Mahneshan Range Complex). This was in turn followed by the final incorporation of the foreland deposits into the orogenic system and ensuing compartmentalization of the formerly contiguous foreland into several intermontane basins. Overall, our data suggest that shortening and thickening processes led to the outward and vertical growth of the northern sectors of the Iranian Plateau starting from the middle Miocene. This implies that mantle-flow processes may have had a limited contribution toward building the Iranian Plateau in NW Iran.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BernhardtSchwanghartHebbelnetal.2017,
  author    = {Bernhardt, Anne and Schwanghart, Wolfgang and Hebbeln, Dierk and Stuut, Jan-Berend W. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Immediate propagation of deglacial environmental change to deep-marine turbidite systems along the Chile convergent margin},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {473},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2017.05.017},
  pages     = {190 -- 204},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Understanding how Earth-surface processes respond to past climatic perturbations is crucial for making informed predictions about future impacts of climate change on sediment "uxes. Sedimentary records provide the archives for inferring these processes, but their interpretation is compromised by our incomplete understanding of how sediment-routing systems respond to millennial-scale climate cycles. We analyzed seven sediment cores recovered from marine turbidite depositional sites along the Chile continental margin. The sites span a pronounced arid-to-humid gradient with variable relief and related sediment connectivity of terrestrial and marine environments. These sites allowed us to study event related depositional processes in different climatic and geomorphic settings from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present day. The three sites reveal a steep decline of turbidite deposition during deglaciation. High rates of sea-level rise postdate the decline in turbidite deposition. Comparison with paleoclimate proxies documents that the spatio-temporal sedimentary pattern rather mirrors the deglacial humidity decrease and concomitant warming with no resolvable lag times. Our results let us infer that declining deglacial humidity decreased "uvial sediment supply. This signal propagated rapidly through the highly connected systems into the marine sink in north-central Chile. In contrast, in south-central Chile, connectivity between the Andean erosional zone and the "uvial transfer zone probably decreased abruptly by sediment trapping in piedmont lakes related to deglaciation, resulting in a sudden decrease of sediment supply to the ocean. Additionally, reduced moisture supply may have contributed to the rapid decline of turbidite deposition. These different causes result in similar depositional patterns in the marine sinks. We conclude that turbiditic strata may constitute reliable recorders of climate change across a wide range of climatic zones and geomorphic conditions. However, the underlying causes for similar signal manifestations in the sinks may differ, ranging from maintained high system connectivity to abrupt connectivity loss. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TofeldeSchildgenSavietal.2017,
  author    = {Tofelde, Stefanie and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Savi, Sara and Pingel, Heiko and Wickert, Andrew D. and Bookhagen, Bodo and Wittmann, Hella and Alonso, Ricardo N. and Cottle, John and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {100 kyr fluvial cut-and-fill terrace cycles since the Middle Pleistocene in the southern Central Andes, NW Argentina},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {473},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.001},
  pages     = {141 -- 153},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Fluvial fill terraces in intermontane basins are valuable geomorphic archives that can record tectonically and/or climatically driven changes of the Earth-surface process system. However, often the preservation of fill terrace sequences is incomplete and/or they may form far away from their source areas, complicating the identification of causal links between forcing mechanisms and landscape response, especially over multi-millennial timescales. The intermontane Toro Basin in the southern Central Andes exhibits at least five generations of fluvial terraces that have been sculpted into several-hundred-meter-thick Quaternary valley-fill conglomerates. New surface-exposure dating using nine cosmogenic Be-10 depth profiles reveals the successive abandonment of these terraces with a 100 kyr cyclicity between 75 +/- 7 and 487 +/- 34 ka. Depositional ages of the conglomerates, determined by four Al-26/Be-10 burial samples and U-Pb zircon ages of three intercalated volcanic ash beds, range from 18 +/- 141 to 936 +/- 170 ka, indicating that there were multiple cut-and-fill episodes. Although the initial onset of aggradation at similar to 1 Ma and the overall net incision since ca. 500 ka can be linked to tectonic processes at the narrow basin outlet, the superimposed 100 kyr cycles of aggradation and incision are best explained by eccentricity-driven climate change. Within these cycles, the onset of river incision can be correlated with global cold periods and enhanced humid phases recorded in paleoclimate archives on the adjacent Bolivian Altiplano, whereas deposition occurred mainly during more arid phases on the Altiplano and global interglacial periods. We suggest that enhanced runoff during global cold phases - due to increased regional precipitation rates, reduced evapotranspiration, or both - resulted in an increased sediment-transport capacity in the Toro Basin, which outweighed any possible increases in upstream sediment supply and thus triggered incision. Compared with two nearby basins that record precessional (21-kyr) and long-eccentricity (400-kyr) forcing within sedimentary and geomorphic archives, the recorded cyclicity scales with the square of the drainage basin length. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PatyniakLandgrafDzhumabaevaetal.2017,
  author    = {Patyniak, Magda and Landgraf, Angela and Dzhumabaeva, Atyrgul and Abdrakhmatov, Kanatbek E. and Rosenwinkel, Swenja and Korup, Oliver and Preusser, Frank and Fohlmeister, Jens Bernd and Arrowsmith, J. Ramon and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Paleoseismic Record of Three Holocene Earthquakes Rupturing the Issyk-Ata Fault near Bishkek, North Kyrgyzstan},
  series = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
  volume    = {107},
  journal   = {Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America},
  publisher = {Seismological Society of America},
  address   = {Albany},
  issn      = {0037-1106},
  doi       = {10.1785/0120170083},
  pages     = {2721 -- 2737},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The northern edge of the western central Tien Shan range is bounded by the Issyk-Ata fault situated south of Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. Contraction in this thick-skinned orogen occurs with low-strain accumulation and long earthquake recurrence intervals. In the nineteenth to twentieth centuries, a sequence of large earthquakes with magnitudes between 6.9 and 8 affected the northern Tien Shan but left nearly the entire extent of the Issyk-Ata fault unruptured. Here, the only known historic earthquake ruptured in A.D. 1885 (M6.9) along the western end of the Issyk-Ata fault. Because earthquakes in low-strain regions often tend to cluster in time and may promote failure along nearby structures, the earthquake history of the northern Tien Shan represents an exceptional structural setting for studying fault behavior affected by an intraplate earthquake sequence. We present a paleoseismological study from one site (Belek) along the Issyk-Ata fault located east of the A.D. 1885 epicentral area. Our analysis combines a range of tools, including photogrammetry, differential Global Positioning System, 3D visualization, and age modeling with different dating methods (infrared stimulated luminescence, radiocarbon, U-series) to improve the reliability of an event chronology for the trench stratigraphy and fault geometry. We were able to distinguish three different surfacerupturing paleoearthquakes; these affected the area before 10.5 +/- 1.1 cal ka B.P., at similar to 5.6 +/- 1.0 cal ka B.P., and at similar to 630 +/- 100 cal B.P., respectively. Associated paleomagnitudes for the last two earthquakes range between M6.7 and 7.4, with a cumulative slip rate of 0.7 +/- 0.32 mm/yr. We did not find evidence for the A.D. 1885 event at Belek. Our study yielded two main overall results: first, it extends the regional historic and paleoseismic record; second, the documented rupture events along the Issyk-Ata fault suggest that this fault was not affected in its entirety; instead, these events indicate segmented rupture behavior.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CastinoBookhagenStrecker2017,
  author    = {Castino, Fabiana and Bookhagen, Bodo and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Oscillations and trends of river discharge in the southern Central Andes and linkages with climate variability},
  series = {Journal of hydrology},
  volume    = {555},
  journal   = {Journal of hydrology},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0022-1694},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.10.001},
  pages     = {108 -- 124},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {This study analyzes the discharge variability of small to medium drainage basins (10(2)-10(4) km(2)) in the southern Central Andes of NW Argentina. The Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) was applied to evaluate non-stationary oscillatory modes of variability and trends, based on four time series of monthly normalized discharge anomaly between 1940 and 2015. Statistically significant trends reveal increasing discharge during the past decades and document an intensification of the hydrological cycle during this period. An Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) analysis revealed that discharge variability in this region can be best described by five quasi-periodic statistically significant oscillatory modes, with mean periods varying from 1 to 20 y. Moreover, we show that discharge variability is most likely linked to the phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) at multi-decadal timescales (similar to 20 y) and, to a lesser degree, to the Tropical South Atlantic SST anomaly (TSA) variability at shorter timescales (similar to 2-5 y). Previous studies highlighted a rapid increase in discharge in the southern Central Andes during the 1970s, inferred to have been associated with the global 1976-77 climate shift. Our results suggest that the rapid discharge increase in the NW Argentine Andes coincides with the periodic enhancement of discharge, which is mainly linked to a negative to positive transition of the PDO phase and TSA variability associated with a long-term increasing trend. We therefore suggest that variations in discharge in this region are largely driven by both natural variability and the effects of global climate change. We furthermore posit that the links between atmospheric and hydrologic processes result from a combination of forcings that operate on different spatiotemporal scales. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JaraMunozMelnickStrecker2016,
  author    = {Jara Mu{\~n}oz, Julius and Melnick, Daniel and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {TerraceM: A MATLAB (R) tool to analyze marine and lacustrine terraces using high-resolution topography},
  series = {Geosphere},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Geosphere},
  publisher = {American Institute of Physics},
  address   = {Boulder},
  issn      = {1553-040X},
  doi       = {10.1130/GES01208.1},
  pages     = {176 -- 195},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {High-resolution topographic data greatly facilitate the remote identification of geomorphic features, furnishing valuable information concerning surface processes and characterization of reference markers for quantifying tectonic deformation. Marine terraces have been used as long baseline geodetic markers of relative past sea-level positions, reflecting the interplay between vertical crustal movements and sea-level oscillations. Uplift rates may be determined from the terrace age and the elevation of its shoreline angle, a geomorphic feature that can be correlated with past sea-levels positions. A precise definition of the shoreline angle in time and space is essential to obtain reliable uplift rates with coherent spatial correlation. To improve our ability to rapidly assess and map shoreline angles at regional and local scales, we have developed TerraceM, a MATLAB (R) graphical user interface that allows the shoreline angle and its associated error to be estimated using high-resolution topography. TerraceM uses topographic swath profiles oriented orthogonally to the terrace riser. Four functions are included to analyze the swath profiles and extract the shoreline angle, from both staircase sequences of multiple terraces and rough coasts characterized by eroded remnants of emerged terrace surfaces. The former are measured by outlining the paleocliffs and paieo-platforms and finding their intersection by extrapolating linear regressions, whereas the latter are assessed by automatically detecting peaks of sea-stack tops and back-projecting them to the modern sea cliff. In the absence of rigorous absolute age determinations of marine terraces, their geomorphic age may be estimated using previously published diffusion models. Postprocessing functions are included to obtain first-order statistics of shoreline-angle elevations and their spatial distribution. TerraceM has the ability to process series of profiles from several sites in an efficient and structured workflow. Results may be exported in Google Earth and ESRI shapefile formats. The precision and accuracy of the method have been estimated from a case study at Santa Cruz, California, by comparing TerraceM results with published field measurements. The repeatability was evaluated using multiple measurements made by inexperienced users. TerraceM will improve the efficiency and precision of estimating shoreline-angle elevations in wave-cut terraces in both marine and lacustrine environments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchildgenRobinsonSavietal.2016,
  author    = {Schildgen, Taylor F. and Robinson, Ruth A. J. and Savi, Sara and Phillips, William M. and Spencer, Joel Q. G. and Bookhagen, Bodo and Scherler, Dirk and Tofelde, Stefanie and Alonso, Ricardo N. and Kubik, Peter W. and Binnie, Steven A. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Landscape response to late Pleistocene climate change in NW Argentina: Sediment flux modulated by basin geometry and connectivity},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  volume    = {121},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9003},
  doi       = {10.1002/2015JF003607},
  pages     = {392 -- 414},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Fluvial fill terraces preserve sedimentary archives of landscape responses to climate change, typically over millennial timescales. In the Humahuaca Basin of NW Argentina (Eastern Cordillera, southern Central Andes), our 29 new optically stimulated luminescence ages of late Pleistocene fill terrace sediments demonstrate that the timing of past river aggradation occurred over different intervals on the western and eastern sides of the valley, despite their similar bedrock lithology, mean slopes, and precipitation. In the west, aggradation coincided with periods of increasing precipitation, while in the east, aggradation coincided with decreasing precipitation or more variable conditions. Erosion rates and grain size dependencies in our cosmogenic Be-10 analyses of modern and fill terrace sediments reveal an increased importance of landsliding compared to today on the west side during aggradation, but of similar importance during aggradation on the east side. Differences in the timing of aggradation and the Be-10 data likely result from differences in valley geometry, which causes sediment to be temporarily stored in perched basins on the east side. It appears as if periods of increasing precipitation triggered landslides throughout the region, which induced aggradation in the west, but blockage of the narrow bedrock gorges downstream from the perched basins in the east. As such, basin geometry and fluvial connectivity appear to strongly influence the timing of sediment movement through the system. For larger basins that integrate subbasins with differing geometries or degrees of connectivity (like Humahuaca), sedimentary responses to climate forcing are likely attenuated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EugsterScherlerThiedeetal.2016,
  author    = {Eugster, Patricia and Scherler, Dirk and Thiede, Rasmus Christoph and Codilean, Alexandru T. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Rapid Last Glacial Maximum deglaciation in the Indian Himalaya coeval with midlatitude glaciers: New insights from Be-10-dating of ice-polished bedrock surfaces in the Chandra Valley, NW Himalaya},
  series = {Geophysical research letters},
  volume    = {43},
  journal   = {Geophysical research letters},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0094-8276},
  doi       = {10.1002/2015GL066077},
  pages     = {1589 -- 1597},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Despite a large number of dated glacial landforms in the Himalaya, the ice extent during the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from 19 to 23 ka is only known to first order. New cosmogenic Be-10 exposure ages from well-preserved glacially polished surfaces, combined with published data, and an improved production rate scaling model allow reconstruction of the LGM ice extent and subsequent deglaciation in the Chandra Valley of NW India. We show that a >1000 m thick valley glacier retreated >150 km within a few thousand years after the onset of LGM deglaciation. By comparing the recession of the Chandra Valley Glacier and other Himalayan glaciers with those of Northern and Southern Hemisphere glaciers, we demonstrate that post-LGM deglaciation was similar and nearly finished prior to the Bolling/Allerod interstadial. Our study supports the view that many Himalayan glaciers advanced during the LGM, likely in response to global variations in temperature.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BernhardtHebbelnRegenbergetal.2016,
  author    = {Bernhardt, Anne and Hebbeln, Dierk and Regenberg, Marcus and Lueckge, Andreas and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Shelfal sediment transport by an undercurrent forces turbidity-current activity during high sea level along the Chile continental margin},
  series = {Geology},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Geology},
  publisher = {American Institute of Physics},
  address   = {Boulder},
  issn      = {0091-7613},
  doi       = {10.1130/G37594.1},
  pages     = {295 -- 298},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Terrigenous sediment supply, marine transport, and depositional processes along tectonically active margins are key to decoding turbidite successions as potential archives of climatic and seismic forcings. Sequence stratigraphic models predict coarse-grained sediment delivery to deep-marine sites mainly during sea-level fall and lowstand. Marine siliciclastic deposition during transgressions and highstands has been attributed to sustained connectivity between terrigenous sources and marine sinks facilitated by narrow shelves. To decipher the controls on Holocene highstand turbidite deposition, we analyzed 12 sediment cores from spatially discrete, coeval turbidite systems along the Chile margin (29 degrees-40 degrees S) with changing climatic and geomorphic characteristics but uniform changes in sea level. Sediment cores from intraslope basins in north-central Chile (29 degrees-33 degrees S) offshore a narrow to absent shelf record a shut-off of turbidite deposition during the Holocene due to postglacial aridification. In contrast, core sites in south-central Chile (36 degrees-40 degrees S) offshore a wide shelf record frequent turbidite deposition during highstand conditions. Two core sites are linked to the Biobio river-canyon system and receive sediment directly from the river mouth. However, intraslope basins are not connected via canyons to fluvial systems but yield even higher turbidite frequencies. High sediment supply combined with a wide shelf and an undercurrent moving sediment toward the shelf edge appear to control Holocene turbidite sedimentation and distribution. Shelf undercurrents may play an important role in lateral sediment transport and supply to the deep sea and need to be accounted for in sediment-mass balances.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MortimerPatonScholzetal.2016,
  author    = {Mortimer, E. J. and Paton, D. A. and Scholz, C. A. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Implications of structural inheritance in oblique rift zones for basin compartmentalization: Nkhata Basin, Malawi Rift (EARS)},
  series = {Marine and petroleum geology},
  volume    = {72},
  journal   = {Marine and petroleum geology},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0264-8172},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.12.018},
  pages     = {110 -- 121},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The Cenozoic East African Rift System (EARS) is an exceptional example of active continental extension, providing opportunities for furthering our understanding of hydrocarbon plays within rifts. It is divided into structurally distinct western and eastern branches. The western branch comprises deep rift basins separated by transfer zones, commonly localised onto pre-existing structures, offering good regional scale hydrocarbon traps. At a basin-scale, local discrete inherited structures might also play an important role on fault localisation and hydrocarbon distribution. Here, we consider the evolution of the Central basin of the Malawi Rift, in particular the influence of pre-existing structural fabrics. Integrating basin-scale multichannel 2D, and high resolution seismic datasets we constrain the border, Mlowe-Nkhata, fault system (MNF) to the west of the basin and smaller Mbamba fault (MF) to the east and document their evolution. Intra basin structures define a series of horsts, which initiated as convergent transfers, along the basin axis. The horsts are offset along a NE SW striking transfer fault parallel to and along strike of the onshore Karoo (Permo-Triassic) Ruhuhu graben. Discrete pre-existing structures probably determined its location and, oriented obliquely to the extension orientation it accommodated predominantly strike-slip deformation, with more slowly accrued dip-slip. To the north of this transfer fault, the overall basin architecture is asymmetric, thickening to the west throughout; while to the south, an initially symmetric graben architecture became increasingly asymmetric in sediment distribution as strain localised onto the western MNF. The presence of the axial horst increasingly focussed sediment supply to the west. As the transfer fault increased its displacement, so this axial supply was interrupted, effectively starving the south-east while ponding sediments between the western horst margin and the transfer fault. This asymmetric bathymetry and partitioned sedimentation continues to the present-day, overprinting the early basin symmetry and configuration. Sediments deposited earlier become increasingly dissected and fault juxtapositions changed at a small (10-100 m) scale. The observed influence of basin-scale transfer faults on sediment dispersal and fault compartmentalization due to pre-existing structures oblique to the extension orientation is relevant to analogous exploration settings. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PingelMulchAlonsoetal.2016,
  author    = {Pingel, Heiko and Mulch, Andreas and Alonso, Ricardo N. and Cottle, John and Hynek, Scott A. and Poletti, Jacob and Rohrmann, Alexander and Schmitt, Axel K. and Stockli, Daniel F. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Surface uplift and convective rainfall along the southern Central Andes (Angastaco Basin, NW Argentina)},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {440},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.02.009},
  pages     = {33 -- 42},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Stable-isotopic and sedimentary records from the orogenic Puna Plateau of NW Argentina and adjacent intermontane basins to the east furnish a unique late Cenozoic record of range uplift and ensuing paleoenvironmental change in the south-central Andes. Today, focused precipitation in this region occurs along the eastern, windward flanks of the Eastern Cordillera and Sierras Pampeanas ranges, while the orogen interior constitutes high-elevation regions with increasingly arid conditions in a westward direction. As in many mountain belts, such hydrologic and topographic gradients are commonly mirrored by a systematic relationship between the oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios of meteoric water and elevation. The glass fraction of isotopically datable volcanic ash intercalated in sedimentary sequences constitutes an environmental proxy that retains a signal of the hydrogen-isotopic composition of ancient precipitation. This isotopic composition thus helps to elucidate the combined climatic and tectonic processes associated with topographic growth, which ultimately controls the spatial patterns of precipitation in mountain belts. However, between 25.5 and 27 degrees S present-day river-based hydrogen isotope lapse rates are very low, possibly due to deep-convective seasonal storms that dominate runoff. If not accounted for, the effects of such conditions on moisture availability in the past may lead to misinterpretations of proxy-records of rainfall. Here, we present hydrogen-isotope data of volcanic glass (delta Dg), extracted from 34 volcanic ash layers in different sedimentary basins of the Eastern Cordillera and the Sierras Pampeanas. Combined with previously published delta Dg records and our refined U-Pb and (U-Th)/He zircon geochronology on 17 tuff samples, we demonstrate hydrogen-isotope variations associated with paleoenvironmental change in the Angastaco Basin, which evolved from a contiguous foreland to a fault-bounded intermontane basin during the late Mio-Pliocene. We unravel the environmental impact of Mio-Pliocene topographic growth and associated orographic effects on long-term hydrogen-isotope records of rainfall in the south-central Andes, and potentially identify temporal variations in regional isotopic lapse rates that may also apply to other regions with similar topographic boundary conditions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LandgrafDzhumabaevaAbdrakhmatovetal.2016,
  author    = {Landgraf, Angela and Dzhumabaeva, A. and Abdrakhmatov, Kanatbek E. and Strecker, Manfred and Macaulay, E. A. and Arrowsmith, J. Ram{\´o}n and Sudhaus, Henriette and Preusser, F. and Rugel, Georg and Merchel, Silke},
  title     = {Repeated large-magnitude earthquakes in a tectonically active, low-strain continental interior: The northern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  volume    = {121},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9313},
  doi       = {10.1002/2015JB012714},
  pages     = {3888 -- 3910},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The northern Tien Shan of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan has been affected by a series of major earthquakes in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. To assess the significance of such a pulse of strain release in a continental interior, it is important to analyze and quantify strain release over multiple time scales. We have undertaken paleoseismological investigations at two geomorphically distinct sites (Panfilovkoe and Rot Front) near the Kyrgyz capital Bishkek. Although located near the historic epicenters, both sites were not affected by these earthquakes. Trenching was accompanied by dating stratigraphy and offset surfaces using luminescence, radiocarbon, and Be-10 terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide methods. At Rot Front, trenching of a small scarp did not reveal evidence for surface rupture during the last 5000 years. The scarp rather resembles an extensive debris-flow lobe. At Panfilovkoe, we estimate a Late Pleistocene minimum slip rate of 0.2 +/- 0.1 mm/a, averaged over at least two, probably three earthquake cycles. Dip-slip reverse motion along segmented, moderately steep faults resulted in hanging wall collapse scarps during different events. The most recent earthquake occurred around 3.6 +/- 1.3 kyr ago (1 sigma), with dip-slip offsets between 1.2 and 1.4 m. We calculate a probabilistic paleomagnitude to be between 6.7 and 7.2, which is in agreement with regional data from the Kyrgyz range. The morphotectonic signals in the northern Tien Shan are a prime example of deformation in a tectonically active intracontinental mountain belt and as such can help understand the longer-term coevolution of topography and seismogenic processes in similar structural settings worldwide.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GeorgievaMelnickSchildgenetal.2016,
  author    = {Georgieva, Viktoria and Melnick, Daniel and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Ehlers, Todd and Lagabrielle, Yves and Enkelmann, Eva and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Tectonic control on rock uplift, exhumation, and topography above an oceanic ridge collision: Southern Patagonian Andes (47 degrees S), Chile},
  series = {Tectonics},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Tectonics},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0278-7407},
  doi       = {10.1002/2016TC004120},
  pages     = {1317 -- 1341},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The subduction of bathymetric anomalies at convergent margins can profoundly affect subduction dynamics, magmatism, and the structural and geomorphic evolution of the overriding plate. The Northern Patagonian Icefield (NPI) is located east of the Chile Triple Junction at similar to 47 degrees S, where the Chile Rise spreading center collides with South America. This region is characterized by an abrupt increase in summit elevations and relief that has been controversially debated in the context of geodynamic versus glacial erosion effects on topography. Here we present geomorphic, thermochronological, and structural data that document neotectonic activity along hitherto unrecognized faults along the flanks of the NPI. New apatite (U-Th)/He bedrock cooling ages suggest faulting since 2-3 Ma. We infer the northward translation of an similar to 140 km long fore-arc sliver-the NPI block-results from enhanced partitioning of oblique plate convergence due to the closely spaced collision of three successive segments of the Chile Rise. In this model, greater uplift occurs in the hanging wall of the Exploradores thrust at the northern leading edge of the NPI block, whereas the Cachet and Liquine-Ofqui dextral faults decouple the NPI block along its eastern and western flanks, respectively. Localized extension possibly occurs at its southern trailing edge along normal faults associated with margin-parallel extension, tectonic subsidence, and lower elevations along the Andean crest line. Our neotectonic model provides a novel explanation for the abrupt topographic variations inland of the Chile Triple Junction and emphasizes the fundamental effects of local tectonics on exhumation and topographic patterns in this glaciated landscape.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OlenBookhagenStrecker2016,
  author    = {Olen, Stephanie M. and Bookhagen, Bodo and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Role of climate and vegetation density in modulating denudation rates in the Himalaya},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {445},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.03.047},
  pages     = {57 -- 67},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Vegetation has long been hypothesized to influence the nature and rates of surface processes. We test the possible impact of vegetation and climate on denudation rates at orogen scale by taking advantage of a pronounced along-strike gradient in rainfall and vegetation density in the Himalaya. We combine 12 new Be-10 denudation rates from the Sutlej Valley and 123 published denudation rates from fluvially-dominated catchments in the Himalaya with remotely-sensed measures of vegetation density and rainfall metrics, and with tectonic and lithologic constraints. In addition, we perform topographic analyses to assess the contribution of vegetation and climate in modulating denudation rates along strike. We observe variations in denudation rates and the relationship between denudation and topography along strike that are most strongly controlled by local rainfall amount and vegetation density, and cannot be explained by along-strike differences in tectonics or lithology. A W-E along-strike decrease in denudation rate variability positively correlates with the seasonality of vegetation density (R = 0.95, p < 0.05), and negatively correlates with mean vegetation density (R = -0.84, p < 0.05). Vegetation density modulates the topographic response to changing denudation rates, such that the functional relationship between denudation rate and topographic steepness becomes increasingly linear as vegetation density increases. We suggest that while tectonic processes locally control the pattern of denudation rates across strike of the Himalaya (i.e., S-N), along strike of the orogen (i.e., E-W) climate exerts a measurable influence on how denudation rates scatter around long-term, tectonically-controlled erosion, and on the functional relationship between topography and denudation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeyThiedeSchildgenetal.2016,
  author    = {Dey, Saptarshi and Thiede, Rasmus Christoph and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Wittmann, Hella and Bookhagen, Bodo and Scherler, Dirk and Jain, Vikrant and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Climate-driven sediment aggradation and incision since the late Pleistocene in the NW Himalaya, India},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {449},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.05.050},
  pages     = {321 -- 331},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Deciphering the response of sediment routing systems to climatic forcing is fundamental for understanding the impacts of climate change on landscape evolution. In the Kangra Basin (northwest Sub-Himalaya, India), upper Pleistocene to Holocene alluvial fills and fluvial terraces record periodic fluctuations of sediment supply and transport capacity on timescales of 10(3) to 10(5) yr. To evaluate the potential influence of climate change on these fluctuations, we compare the timing of aggradation and incision phases recorded within remnant alluvial fans and terraces with climate archives. New surface-exposure dating of six terrace levels with in-situ cosmogenic Be-10 indicates the onset of incision phases. Two terrace surfaces from the highest level (T1) sculpted into the oldest preserved alluvial fan (AF1) date back to 53.4 +/- 3.2 ka and 43.0 +/- 2.7 ka (1 sigma). T2 surfaces sculpted into the remnants of AF1 have exposure ages of 18.6 +/- 1.2 ka and 15.3 +/- 0.9 ka, while terraces sculpted into the upper Pleistocene-Holocene fan (AF2) provide ages of 9.3 +/- 0.4 ka (T3), 7.1 +/- 0.4 ka (T4), 5.2 +/- 0.4 ka (T5) and 3.6 +/- 0.2 ka (T6). Together with previously published OSL ages yielding the timing of aggradation, we find a correlation between variations in sediment transport with oxygen-isotope records from regions affected by the Indian Summer Monsoon. During periods of increased monsoon intensity and post-Last Glacial Maximum glacial retreat, aggradation occurred in the Kangra Basin, likely due to high sediment flux, whereas periods of weakened monsoon intensity or lower sediment supply coincide with incision. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RadaeffCosentinoCipollarietal.2016,
  author    = {Radaeff, Giuditta and Cosentino, Domenico and Cipollari, Paola and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Iadanza, Annalisa and Strecker, Manfred and Darbas, Guldemin and G{\"u}rb{\"u}z, Kemal},
  title     = {Stratigraphic architecture of the upper Messinian deposits of the Adana Basin (southern Turkey): implications for the Messinian Salinity Crisis and the Taurus petroleum system},
  series = {Italian journal of geosciences : bollettino della Societ{\~A}  Geologica Italiana e del Servizio Geologico d'Italia},
  volume    = {135},
  journal   = {Italian journal of geosciences : bollettino della Societ{\~A}  Geologica Italiana e del Servizio Geologico d'Italia},
  publisher = {Societ{\~A}  Geologica Italiana},
  address   = {Roma},
  issn      = {2038-1719},
  doi       = {10.3301/IJG.2015.18},
  pages     = {408 -- 424},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {This paper is mainly based on field work carried out on the Messinian deposits of the Adana Basin ( southern Turkey), as well as on the interpretation of seismic reflection profiles to understand 3D geometries of the basin fill. Chronostratigraphic constraints for the Messinian deposits are from micropaleontological studies on foraminifera, ostracods, and calcareous nannofossils, recently carried out on the Messinian deposits of the Adana Basin. Our results indicate that this basin developed in a marginal area strictly related to the Mediterranean realm. The Messinian deposits of the Adana Basin record all the main steps of the Messinian Salinity Crisis ( MSC) that affected the Mediterranean area at the end of the Miocene. The new stratigraphic model for the Messinian deposits of the Adana Basin provided in this work gives new insights into both the MSC and the Taurus petroleum system. Despite their complete correspondence with the MSC, the Messinian deposits of the Adana Basin show some differences with respect to the current conceptual model for the MSC. For example, in the current conceptual model for the MSC, only one regional erosional surface ( MES) characterizes the MSC deposits. In the Adana Basin, two regional erosional surfaces, named MES1 and MES2, separate the Messinian deposits related to the MSC in Lower Evaporites, Resedimented Lower Evaporites ( RLE), and upper Messinian continental deposits containing a late Lago-Mare ostracod assemblage ( mainly fluvial coarse-grained and fine-grained sediments). In some places, Brecciated Limestones lie just above the MES1 and beneath the RLE. In addition, the RLE are thought to be related to the same step that brought to the Messinian halite deposition throughout the Mediterranean, pointing to a hyperhaline environment. In contrast, the fine-grained deposits of the RLE of the Adana Basin show the occurrence of Parathetyan brackish ostracod fauna ( early Lago-Mare ostracod assemblages), which defines an oligohaline depositional environment for the RLE. In terms of hydrocarbon prospecting, the Messinian evaporites of the Adana Basin have been considered as a perfect seal for the active Taurus petroleum system. Our results show that due to the complex stratigraphic architecture of the basin fill and the occurrence of two regional erosional surfaces ( MES1 and MES2), the Messinian evaporites are discontinuously present both in surface and in the subsurface of the Adana Basin. However, seal properties in the Adana Basin could be found in the Lower Pliocene deep marine clays of the Avadan Formation. This work leads to suggest a new stratigraphical model for the Messinian deposits of the Adana Basin, allowing us to amend the classical scheme with respect to the Messinian, and to officially define some new formations within the stratigraphy of the Adana Basin.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RohrmannSachseMulchetal.2016,
  author    = {Rohrmann, Alexander and Sachse, Dirk and Mulch, Andreas and Pingel, Heiko and Tofelde, Stefanie and Alonso, Ricardo N. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Miocene orographic uplift forces rapid hydrological change in the southern central Andes},
  series = {Scientific reports},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Scientific reports},
  publisher = {Nature Publ. Group},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2045-2322},
  doi       = {10.1038/srep35678},
  pages     = {4283 -- 4306},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Rainfall in the central Andes associated with the South American Monsoon and the South American Low-Level Jet results from orographic effects on atmospheric circulation exerted by the Andean Plateau and the Eastern Cordillera. However, despite its importance for South American climate, no reliable records exist that allow decoding the evolution of thresholds and interactions between Andean topography and atmospheric circulation, especially regarding the onset of humid conditions in the inherently dry southern central Andes. Here, we employ multi-proxy isotope data of lipid biomarkers, pedogenic carbonates and volcanic glass from the Eastern Cordillera of NW Argentina and present the first long-term evapotranspiration record. We find that regional eco-hydrology and vegetation changes are associated with initiation of moisture transport via the South American Low-Level Jet at 7.6 Ma, and subsequent lateral growth of the orogen at 6.5 Ma. Our results highlight that topographically induced changes in atmospheric circulation patterns, not global climate change, were responsible for late Miocene environmental change in this part of the southern hemisphere. This suggests that mountain building over time fundamentally controlled habitat evolution along the central Andes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NietoMorenoRohrmannvanderMeeretal.2016,
  author    = {Nieto-Moreno, Vanesa and Rohrmann, Alexander and van der Meer, Marcel T. J. and Damste, Jaap S. Sinninghe and Sachse, Dirk and Tofelde, Stefanie and Niedermeyer, Eva M. and Strecker, Manfred and Mulch, Andreas},
  title     = {Elevation-dependent changes in n-alkane delta D and soil GDGTs across the South Central Andes},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {453},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.049},
  pages     = {234 -- 242},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Surface uplift of large plateaus may significantly influence regional climate and more specifically precipitation patterns and temperature, sometimes complicating paleoaltimetry interpretations. Thus, understanding the topographic evolution of tectonically active mountain belts benefits from continued development of reliable proxies to reduce uncertainties in paleoaltimetry reconstructions. Lipid biomarker-based proxies provide a novel approach to stable isotope paleoaltimetry and complement authigenic or pedogenic mineral proxy materials, in particular outside semi-arid climate zones where soil carbonates are not abundant but (soil) organic matter has a high preservation potential. Here we present delta D values of soil-derived n-alkanes and mean annual air temperature (MAT) estimates based on branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (brGDGT) distributions to assess their potential for paleoelevation reconstructions in the southern central Andes. We analyzed soil samples across two environmental and hydrological gradients that include a hillslope (26-28 degrees S) and a valley (22-24 degrees S) transect on the windward flanks of Central Andean Eastern Cordillera in NW Argentina. Our results show that present-day n-alkane delta D values and brGDGT-based MAT estimates are both linearly related with elevation and in good agreement with present-day climate conditions. Soil n-alkanes show a delta D lapse rate (A(delta D)) of -1.64 parts per thousand/100 m (R-2 = 0.91, p < 0.01) at the hillslope transect, within the range of delta D lapse rates from precipitation and surface waters in other tropical regions in the Andes like the Eastern Cordillera in Colombia and Bolivia and the Equatorial and Peruvian Andes. BrGDGT-derived soil temperatures are similar to monitored winter temperatures in the region and show a lapse rate of Delta T = -0.51 degrees C/100 m (R-2 = 0.91, p < 0.01), comparable with lapse rates from in situ soil temperature measurements, satellite derived land-surface temperatures at this transect, and weather stations from the Eastern Cordillera at similar latitude. As a result of an increasing leeward sampling position along the valley transect lapse rates are biased towards lower values and display higher scatter (Delta(delta D) = -0.9 parts per thousand/100 m, R-2 = 0.76, p < 0.01 and Delta T = -0.19 degrees C/100 m, R-2 = 0.48, p < 0.05). Despite this higher complexity, they are in line with lapse rates from stream-water samples and in situ soil temperature measurements along the same transect. Our results demonstrate that both soil n-alkane delta D values and MAT reconstructions based on brGDGTs distributions from the hillslope transect (Delta(delta D) = -1.64 parts per thousand/100 m, R-2 = 0.91, p < 0.01 and Delta T = -0.51 degrees C/100 m, R-2 = 0.91, p < 0.01) track the direct effects of orography on precipitation and temperature and hence the combined effects of local and regional hydrology as well as elevation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeyThiedeSchildgenetal.2016,
  author    = {Dey, Saptarshi and Thiede, Rasmus Christoph and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Wittmann, Hella and Bookhagen, Bodo and Scherler, Dirk and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Holocene internal shortening within the northwest Sub-Himalaya: Out-of-sequence faulting of the Jwalamukhi Thrust, India},
  series = {Tectonics},
  volume    = {35},
  journal   = {Tectonics},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0278-7407},
  doi       = {10.1002/2015TC004002},
  pages     = {2677 -- 2697},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The southernmost thrust of the Himalayan orogenic wedge that separates the foreland from the orogen, the Main Frontal Thrust, is thought to accommodate most of the ongoing crustal shortening in the Sub-Himalaya. Steepened longitudinal river profile segments, terrace offsets, and back-tilted fluvial terraces within the Kangra reentrant of the NW Sub-Himalaya suggest Holocene activity of the Jwalamukhi Thrust (JMT) and other thrust faults that may be associated with strain partitioning along the toe of the Himalayan wedge. To assess the shortening accommodated by the JMT, we combine morphometric terrain analyses with in situ Be-10-based surface-exposure dating of the deformed terraces. Incision into upper Pleistocene sediments within the Kangra Basin created two late Pleistocene terrace levels (T1 and T2). Subsequent early Holocene aggradation shortly before similar to 10ka was followed by episodic reincision, which created four cut-and-fill terrace levels, the oldest of which (T3) was formed at 10.10.9ka. A vertical offset of 445m of terrace T3 across the JMT indicates a shortening rate of 5.60.8 to 7.51.1mma(-1) over the last similar to 10ka. This result suggests that thrusting along the JMT accommodates 40-60\% of the total Sub-Himalayan shortening in the Kangra reentrant over the Holocene. We speculate that this out-of-sequence shortening may have been triggered or at least enhanced by late Pleistocene and Holocene erosion of sediments from the Kangra Basin.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MeyScherlerWickertetal.2016,
  author    = {Mey, J{\"u}rgen and Scherler, Dirk and Wickert, Andrew D. and Egholm, David L. and Tesauro, Magdala and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Glacial isostatic uplift of the European Alps},
  series = {Nature Communications},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Nature Communications},
  publisher = {Nature Publ. Group},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2041-1723},
  doi       = {10.1038/ncomms13382},
  pages     = {2357 -- 2371},
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CastinoBookhagenStrecker2016,
  author    = {Castino, Fabiana and Bookhagen, Bodo and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {River-discharge dynamics in the Southern Central Andes and the 1976-77 global climate shift},
  series = {Geophysical research letters},
  volume    = {43},
  journal   = {Geophysical research letters},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0094-8276},
  doi       = {10.1002/2016GL070868},
  pages     = {11679 -- 11687},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Recent studies have shown that the 1976-77 global climate shift strongly affected the South American climate. In our study, we observed a link between this climate shift and river-discharge variability in the subtropical Southern Central Andes. We analyzed the daily river-discharge time series between 1940 and 1999 from small to medium mountain drainage basins (10(2)-10(4) km(2) ) across a steep climatic and topographic gradient. We document that the discharge frequency distribution changed significantly, with higher percentiles exhibiting more pronounced trends. A change point between 1971 and 1977 marked an intensification of the hydrological cycle, which resulted in increased river discharge. In the upper Rio Bermejo basin of the northernmost Argentine Andes, the mean annual discharge increased by 40\% over 7 years. Our findings are important for flood risk management in areas impacted by the 1976-77 climate shift; discharge frequency distribution analysis provides important insights into the variability of the hydrological cycle in the Andean realm.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MortimerKirsteinStuartetal.2016,
  author    = {Mortimer, Estelle and Kirstein, Linda A. and Stuart, Finlay M. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Spatio-temporal trends in normal-fault segmentation recorded by low-temperature thermochronology: Livingstone fault scarp, Malawi Rift, East African Rift System},
  series = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  volume    = {455},
  journal   = {Earth \& planetary science letters},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0012-821X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.08.040},
  pages     = {62 -- 72},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The evolution of through-going normal-fault arrays from initial nucleation to growth and subsequent interaction and mechanical linkage is well documented in many extensional provinces. Over time, these processes. lead to predictable spatial and temporal variations in the amount and rate of displacement accumulated along strike of individual fault segments, which should be manifested in the patterns of footwall exhumation. Here, we investigate the along-strike and vertical distribution of low-temperature apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) cooling ages along the bounding fault system, the Livingstone fault, of the Karonga Basin of the northern Malawi Rift. The fault evolution and linkage from rift initiation to the present day has been previously constrained through investigations of the hanging wall basin fill. The new cooling ages from the footwall of the Livingstone fault can be related to the adjacent depocentre evolution and across a relay zone between two palaeo-fault segments. Our data are complimented by published apatite fission track (AFT) data and reveal significant variation in rock cooling history along-strike: the centre of the footwall yields younger cooling ages than the former tips of earlier fault segments that are now linked. This suggests that low-temperature thermochronology can detect fault interactions along strike. That these former segment boundaries are preserved within exhumed footwall rocks is a function of the relatively recent linkage of the system. Our study highlights that changes in AHe (and potentially AFT) ages associated with the along-strike displacement profile can occur over relatively short horizontal distances (of a few kilometres). This is fundamentally important in the assessment of the vertical cooling history of footwalls in extensional systems: temporal differences in the rate of tectonically driven exhumation at a given location along fault strike may be of greater importance in controlling changes in rates of vertical exhumation than commonly invoked climatic fluctuations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SaviSchildgenTofeldeetal.2016,
  author    = {Savi, Sara and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Tofelde, Stefanie and Wittmann, Hella and Scherler, Dirk and Mey, J{\"u}rgen and Alonso, Ricardo N. and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Climatic controls on debris-flow activity and sediment aggradation: The Del Medio fan, NW Argentina},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  volume    = {121},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9003},
  doi       = {10.1002/2016JF003912},
  pages     = {2424 -- 2445},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In the Central Andes, several studies on alluvial terraces and valley fills have linked sediment aggradation to periods of enhanced sediment supply. However, debate continues over whether tectonic or climatic factors are most important in triggering the enhanced supply. The Del Medio catchment in the Humahuaca Basin (Eastern Cordillera, NW Argentina) is located within a transition zone between subhumid and arid climates and hosts the only active debris-flow fan within this intermontane valley. By combining Be-10 analyses of boulder and sediment samples within the Del Medio catchment, with regional morphometric measurements of nearby catchments, we identify the surface processes responsible for aggradation in the Del Medio fan and their likely triggers. We find that the fan surface has been shaped by debris flows and channel avulsions during the last 400 years. Among potential tectonic, climatic, and autogenic factors that might influence deposition, our analyses point to a combination of several favorable factors that drive aggradation. These are in particular the impact of occasional abundant rainfall on steep slopes in rock types prone to failure, located in a region characterized by relatively low rainfall amounts and limited transport capacity. These characteristics are primarily associated with the climatic transition zone between the humid foreland and the arid orogen interior, which creates an imbalance between sediment supply and sediment transfer. The conditions and processes that drive aggradation in the Del Medio catchment today may provide a modern analog for the conditions and processes that drove aggradation in other nearby tributaries in the past.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GholamrezaieScheckWenderothBottetal.2019,
  author    = {Gholamrezaie, Ershad and Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena and Bott, Judith and Heidbach, Oliver and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {3-D crustal density model of the Sea of Marmara},
  series = {Solid Earth},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Solid Earth},
  publisher = {Copernicus Publ.},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {1869-9510},
  doi       = {10.5194/se-10-785-2019},
  pages     = {785 -- 807},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Abstract. The Sea of Marmara, in northwestern Turkey, is a transition zone where the dextral North Anatolian Fault zone (NAFZ) propagates westward from the Anatolian Plate to the Aegean Sea Plate. The area is of interest in the context of seismic hazard of Istanbul, a metropolitan area with about 15 million inhabitants. Geophysical observations indicate that the crust is heterogeneous beneath the Marmara basin, but a detailed characterization of the crustal heterogeneities is still missing. To assess if and how crustal heterogeneities are related to the NAFZ segmentation below the Sea of Marmara, we develop new crustal-scale 3-D density models which integrate geological and seismological data and that are additionally constrained by 3-D gravity modeling. For the latter, we use two different gravity datasets including global satellite data and local marine gravity observation. Considering the two different datasets and the general non-uniqueness in potential field modeling, we suggest three possible "end-member" solutions that are all consistent with the observed gravity field and illustrate the spectrum of possible solutions. These models indicate that the observed gravitational anomalies originate from significant density heterogeneities within the crust. Two layers of sediments, one syn-kinematic and one pre-kinematic with respect to the Sea of Marmara formation are underlain by a heterogeneous crystalline crust. A felsic upper crystalline crust (average density of 2720 kgm⁻³) and an intermediate to mafic lower crystalline crust (average density of 2890 kgm⁻³) appear to be cross-cut by two large, dome-shaped mafic highdensity bodies (density of 2890 to 3150 kgm⁻³) of considerable thickness above a rather uniform lithospheric mantle (3300 kgm⁻³). The spatial correlation between two major bends of the main Marmara fault and the location of the highdensity bodies suggests that the distribution of lithological heterogeneities within the crust controls the rheological behavior along the NAFZ and, consequently, maybe influences fault segmentation and thus the seismic hazard assessment in the region.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GholamrezaieScheckWenderothSippeletal.2018,
  author    = {Gholamrezaie, Ershad and Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena and Sippel, Judith and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Variability of the geothermal gradient across two differently aged magma-rich continental rifted margins of the Atlantic Ocean},
  series = {Solid Earth},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Solid Earth},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Copernicus},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {1869-9529},
  doi       = {10.5194/se-9-139-2018},
  pages     = {139 -- 158},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Abstract. The aim of this study is to investigate the shallow thermal field differences for two differently aged passive continental margins by analyzing regional variations in geothermal gradient and exploring the controlling factors for these variations. Hence, we analyzed two previously published 3-D conductive and lithospheric-scale thermal models of the Southwest African and the Norwegian passive margins. These 3-D models differentiate various sedimentary, crustal, and mantle units and integrate different geophysical data such as seismic observations and the gravity field. We extracted the temperature-depth distributions in 1 km intervals down to 6 km below the upper thermal boundary condition. The geothermal gradient was then calculated for these intervals between the upper thermal boundary condition and the respective depth levels (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 km below the upper thermal boundary condition). According to our results, the geothermal gradient decreases with increasing depth and shows varying lateral trends and values for these two different margins. We compare the 3-D geological structural models and the geothermal gradient variations for both thermal models and show how radiogenic heat production, sediment insulating effect, and thermal lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) depth influence the shallow thermal field pattern. The results indicate an ongoing process of oceanic mantle cooling at the young Norwegian margin compared with the old SW African passive margin that seems to be thermally equilibrated in the present day.},
  language  = {en}
}