@article{JuangSchwarzenthalMoffittetal.2021, author = {Juang, Linda P. and Schwarzenthal, Miriam and Moffitt, Ursula Elinor and Vietze, Jana}, title = {"No, where are you really from?"}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Entwicklungspsychologie und p{\"a}dagogische Psychologie : Organ der Fachgruppen Entwicklungspsychologie und P{\"a}dagogische Psychologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Psychologie (DGPs)}, volume = {53}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Entwicklungspsychologie und p{\"a}dagogische Psychologie : Organ der Fachgruppen Entwicklungspsychologie und P{\"a}dagogische Psychologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Psychologie (DGPs)}, number = {3-4}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {0049-8637}, doi = {10.1026/0049-8637/a000242}, pages = {82 -- 93}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Being perceived as a foreigner regardless of one's generational status, citizenship, or self-identification is called foreigner objectification. This is a form of identity denial and is linked to psychological distress. To test how foreigner objectification could be measured in Europe, we assessed whether the Foreigner Objectification Scale demonstrated reliability and validity with German adolescents. The sample included 806 9th graders from 17 high schools. The results showed that the scale demonstrates good reliability, scalar measurement invariance across gender and citizenship status, and partial scalar measurement invariance across family heritage, generational status, and cultural self-identification. Adolescents who scored higher on the scale also reported greater school behavioral disengagement, lower life satisfaction, and stronger ethnic identity. Our findings suggest that the scale is psychometrically sound and is linked in theoretically consistent ways to adjustment and ethnic identity. We conclude that this scale offers another way to capture subtle discrimination experiences that add to a more comprehensive understanding of discrimination and the related implications in Europe.}, language = {en} } @article{TjadenDunsch2021, author = {Tjaden, Jasper Dag and Dunsch, Felipe Alexander}, title = {The effect of peer-to-peer risk information on potential migrants}, series = {World development : the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development}, volume = {145}, journal = {World development : the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0305-750X}, doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105488}, pages = {13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In response to mounting evidence on the dangers of irregular migration from Africa to Europe, the number of information campaigns which aim to raise awareness about the potential risks has rapidly increased. Governments, international organizations and civil society organizations implement a variety of campaigns to counter the spread of misinformation accelerated by smuggling and trafficking networks. The evidence on the effects of such information interventions on potential migrants remains limited and largely anecdotal. More generally, the role of risk perceptions in the decision-making process of potential irregular migrants is rarely explicitly tested, despite the fact that the concept of risk pervades conventional migration models, particularly in the field of economics. We address this gap by assessing the effects of a peer-to-peer information intervention on the perceptions, knowledge and intentions of potential migrants in Dakar, Senegal, using a randomized controlled trial design. The results show that - three months after the intervention - peer-to-peer information events increase potential migrants' subjective information levels, raise risk awareness, and reduce intentions to migrate irregularly. We find no substantial effects on factual migration knowledge. We discuss how the effects may be driven by the trust and identification-enhancing nature of peer-to-peer communication.
(c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{JuangSchachner2020, author = {Juang, Linda P. and Schachner, Maja Katharina}, title = {Cultural diversity, migration and education}, series = {International journal of psychology}, volume = {55}, journal = {International journal of psychology}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Chichester}, issn = {0020-7594}, doi = {10.1002/ijop.12702}, pages = {695 -- 701}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Migration is not a new phenomenon. However, recent data indicate that unprecedented numbers of people have experienced forced migration around the world with 51\% under the age of 18 years. How can educational policies and practices respond sensitively to increasing cultural and migration-based diversity? The purpose of this special section that includes eight studies is to consider these issues more deeply. As a frame for the special section, we address the main question: What are promotive or protective factors for positive development of children and youth attending culturally diverse school contexts? In the collection of papers, these promotive and protective factors range from peers and families, to teachers, to organisational context and climate. With continued disruptions in children's lives due to a pandemic, climate change, war, conflict and poverty, migration will remain a pressing concern and will continue to transform the student populations in our classrooms and schools for the foreseeable future. The need to address how we can best provide students from diverse backgrounds equitable and supportive education, continues.}, language = {en} } @article{Tjaden2021, author = {Tjaden, Jasper}, title = {Measuring migration 2.0}, series = {Comparative migration studies : CMS}, volume = {9}, journal = {Comparative migration studies : CMS}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, issn = {2214-594X}, doi = {10.1186/s40878-021-00273-x}, pages = {20}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The interest in human migration is at its all-time high, yet data to measure migration is notoriously limited. "Big data" or "digital trace data" have emerged as new sources of migration measurement complementing 'traditional' census, administrative and survey data. This paper reviews the strengths and weaknesses of eight novel, digital data sources along five domains: reliability, validity, scope, access and ethics. The review highlights the opportunities for migration scholars but also stresses the ethical and empirical challenges. This review intends to be of service to researchers and policy analysts alike and help them navigate this new and increasingly complex field.}, language = {en} } @article{FranzkedelaFuente2021, author = {Franzke, Jochen and de la Fuente, Jos{\´e} M. Ruano}, title = {New Challenges in Local Migrant Integration Policy in Europe}, series = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy}, journal = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy}, publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-50978-1}, issn = {2523-8248}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-50979-8_1}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In this introductory chapter, the editors describe the main theoretical basis of analysis of this book and the methodological approach. The core of this book consists of 14 country-specific chapters, which allow a European comparison and show the increasing variance in migration policy approaches within and between European countries. The degree of local autonomy, the level of centralisation and the traditional forms of migration policy are factors that especially influence the possibilities for local authorities to formulate their own integration policies.}, language = {en} } @article{Franzke2021, author = {Franzke, Jochen}, title = {Integrating Immigrants: Capacities and Challenges for Local Authorities in Europe}, series = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy}, journal = {Local Integration of Migrants Policy}, publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-50978-1}, issn = {2523-8248}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-50979-8_17}, pages = {311 -- 333}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This chapter focuses on the relationship between public opinion on migration and its media coverage. Different explanatory models, including individual characteristics, cultural factors and the impact of media and politics, have been proposed to explain public attitudes towards migrants. Understanding the local context is important, as the shares of migrants living in each region and city vary considerably. Providing correct statistical information, stressing the diversity of current migration patterns in Europe and taking part in media and public discussions are ways in which to impact public attitudes at the local level.}, language = {en} } @article{LandholmPradhanKropp2019, author = {Landholm, David M. and Pradhan, Prajal and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Diverging forest land use dynamics induced by armed conflict across the tropics}, series = {Global environmental change : human and policy dimensions}, volume = {56}, journal = {Global environmental change : human and policy dimensions}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0959-3780}, doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.03.006}, pages = {86 -- 94}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Armed conflicts trigger region-specific mechanisms that affect land use change. Deforestation is presented as one of the most common negative environmental impacts resulting from armed conflicts, with relevant consequences in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and loss of ecosystem services. However, the impact of armed conflict on forests is complex and may simultaneously lead to positive and negative environmental outcomes, i.e. forest regrowth and deforestation, in different regions even within a country. We investigate the impact that armed conflict exerted over forest dynamics at different spatial scales in Colombia and for the global tropics during the period 1992-2015. Through the analysis of its internally displaced population (departures) our results suggest that, albeit finding forest regrowth in some municipalities, the Colombian conflict predominantly exerted a negative impact on its forests. A further examination of georeferenced fighting locations in Colombia and across the globe shows that conflict areas were 8 and 4 times more likely to undergo deforestation, respectively, in the following years in relation to average deforestation rates. This study represents a municipality level, long-term spatial analysis of the diverging effects the Colombian conflict exerted over its forest dynamics over two distinct periods of increasing and decreasing conflict intensity. Moreover, it presents the first quantified estimate of conflict's negative impact on forest ecosystems across the globe. The relationship between armed conflict and land use change is of global relevance given the recent increase of armed conflicts across the world and the importance of a possible exacerbation of armed conflicts and migration as climate change impacts increase.}, language = {en} } @article{KlugeRappMehranetal.2019, author = {Kluge, Ulrike and Rapp, Michael Armin and Mehran, Nassim and Abi Jumaa, Jinan and Aichberger, Marion Christina}, title = {Poverty, migration and mental health}, series = {Der Nervenarzt : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Nervenheilkunde ; Mitteilungsblatt der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Neurologie}, volume = {90}, journal = {Der Nervenarzt : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Nervenheilkunde ; Mitteilungsblatt der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Neurologie}, number = {11}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0028-2804}, doi = {10.1007/s00115-019-00790-2}, pages = {1103 -- 1108}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Poverty and social exclusion are closely related to an increased risk for the deterioration of mental health. In 2018 approximately 19\% of the German population were threatened by poverty and the associated social ostracization. Migrant groups in particular often show an increased risk for poverty and are often exposed to multiple socioeconomic stress factors depending on the context of migration, pre-migration and post-migration social factors. Numerous studies have shown that societal exclusion, precarious living conditions and the residential environment negatively affect mental health beyond the effects of pre-migration risk factors. This article provides a review and discussion on the relationship between mental health, poverty and related constructs, such as social cohesion, social capital and social exclusion in general as well as in specific risk groups, such as migrant and refugee populations.}, language = {en} } @article{HeimSchroederEccardetal.2016, author = {Heim, Olga and Schr{\"o}der, Assja and Eccard, Jana and Jung, Kirsten and Voigt, Christian C.}, title = {Seasonal activity patterns of European bats above intensively used farmland}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, volume = {233}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0167-8809}, doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2016.09.002}, pages = {130 -- 139}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Bats are top insect predators on farmland, yet they suffer from intensive farmland management. Here, we evaluated the seasonal activity patterns of European bats above large, arable fields and compared these patterns between ecologically distinct bat species. Using repeated passive acoustic monitoring on a total of 93 arable fields in 2 years in Brandenburg, Germany, we surveyed the activity of different bat species between early spring and autumn. We then used generalized additive mixed models to describe and compare the seasonal bat activity patterns between bat categories, which were build based on the affiliation to a functional group and migratory class, while controlling for local weather conditions. In general, the affiliation to a bat category in interaction with the season in addition to cloud cover and ambient air temperature explained a major part of bat activity. The season was also an important factor for the foraging activity of open-space specialists such as Nyctalus noctula but showed only a weak effect on species such as Pipistreilus nathusii which are adapted to edge-space habitats. Across the seasons, habitat use intensity was high during the period of swarming and migration and low during the energy demanding period of lactation. Seasonal patterns in foraging activity showed that open-space specialists foraged more intensively above agricultural fields during the migration period, while edge-space specialists foraged also during the energy demanding period of lactation. We conclude that the significant seasonal fluctuations in bat activity and significant differences between bat categories in open agricultural landscapes should be taken into consideration when designing monitoring schemes and management plans for bat species in regions dominated by agriculture. Also, management plans should be directed to improve the conditions on arable land especially for bat species which would be classified as narrow-space foragers such as Myotis species. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{LaurenzanaCencettiSerratietal.2015, author = {Laurenzana, Anna and Cencetti, Francesca and Serrati, Simona and Bruno, Gennaro and Japtok, Lukasz and Bianchini, Francesca and Torre, Eugenio and Fibbi, Gabriella and Del Rosso, Mario and Bruni, Paola and Donati, Chiara}, title = {Endothelial sphingosine kinase/SPNS2 axis is critical for vessel-like formation by human mesoangioblasts}, series = {Journal of molecular medicine}, volume = {93}, journal = {Journal of molecular medicine}, number = {10}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0946-2716}, doi = {10.1007/s00109-015-1292-0}, pages = {1145 -- 1157}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The interaction between endothelial cells and pericytes is crucial for the stabilization of newly formed vessels in angiogenesis. The comprehension of the mechanisms regulating peiicyte recruitment might open therapeutical perspectives on vascular-related pathologies. Sphingosine 1phosphate (SIP) is a bioactive sphingolipid that derives from sphingomyelin catabolism and regulates biological functions in cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. In this study, we aimed to identify the role of SIP axis in the intercellular communication between human mesenchymal progenitor mesoangioblasts (MAB) and endothelial cells (human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC)) in the formation of capillary-like structures. We demonstrated that the SIP biosynthetic pathway brought about by sphingosine kinases (SK) SKI and SK2 as well as spinster homolog 2 (SPNS2) transporter in H-MVEC is crucial for MAB migration measured by Boyden chambers and for the formation and stabilization of capillary-like structures in a 3D Matrigel culture. Moreover, the conditioned medium (CM) harvested from HMVEC, where SKI, 5K2, and SPNS2 were down-regulated, exerted a significantly diminished effect on MAB capillary morphogenesis and migration. Notably, we demonstrated that S I Pi and Si p3 receptors were positively involved in CM-induced capillary-like formation and migration, while S I P2 exerted a negative role on CM-induced migratory action of MAB. Finally, SK inhibition as well as MAB SlPi and S1P3 down-regulation impaired HMVEC-MAB cross-talk significantly reducing in vivo angiogenesis evaluated by Matrigel plug assay. These findings individuate novel targets for the employment of MAB in vascular-related pathologic conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{FoersterVogelsangJungingeretal.2015, author = {Foerster, Verena and Vogelsang, Ralf and Junginger, Annett and Asrat, Asfawossen and Lamb, Henry F. and Sch{\"a}bitz, Frank and Trauth, Martin H.}, title = {Environmental change and human occupation of southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya during the last 20,000 years}, series = {Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal}, volume = {129}, journal = {Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0277-3791}, doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.026}, pages = {333 -- 340}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Our understanding of the impact of climate-driven environmental change on prehistoric human populations is hampered by the scarcity of continuous paleoenvironmental records in the vicinity of archaeological sites. Here we compare a continuous paleoclimatic record of the last 20 ka before present from the Chew Bahir basin, southwest Ethiopia, with the available archaeological record of human presence in the region. The correlation of this record with orbitally-driven insolation variations suggests a complex nonlinear response of the environment to climate forcing, reflected in several long-term and short-term transitions between wet and dry conditions, resulting in abrupt changes between favorable and unfavorable living conditions for humans. Correlating the archaeological record in the surrounding region of the Chew Bahir basin, presumably including montane and lake-marginal refugia for human populations, with our climate record suggests a complex interplay between humans and their environment during the last 20 ka. The result may contribute to our understanding of how a dynamic environment may have impacted the adaptation and dispersal of early humans in eastern Africa. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} }