@article{BalbivonHagenCuadroetal.2018, author = {Balbi, Mar{\´i}a Alejandra and von Hagen, Alexa and Cuadro, Ariel and Ruiz, Carola}, title = {A systematic review on early literacy interventions}, series = {Revista Latinoamericana de Psicolog{\´i}a}, volume = {50}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Psicolog{\´i}a}, number = {1}, publisher = {Foundation advancement psychology}, address = {Bogota}, issn = {0120-0534}, doi = {10.14349/rlp.2018.v50.n1.4}, pages = {31 -- 48}, year = {2018}, abstract = {An area of increasing interest amongst teachers and researchers is the availability of tools for the design and implementation of literacy interventions with Spanish speaking children. The present systematic literature review contributes to this need by summarizing available findings on evidence-based literacy interventions (EBI) for children from first to third year of primary school. Our results are based on 20 EBI that aimed at improving at least one of the critical components mentioned by the NRP (2000): phonological awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary and comprehension. As 90\% of the studies were completed with English-speaking children, we critically discussed the applicability of this evidence to the specific context of Spanish-speaking countries. Although many of the general characteristics of the EBI completed with English speaking children could also guide interventions in Spanish, it remains crucial to take into account structural differences between the orthographies of both languages. Moreover, we identified transversal strategies and implementation techniques that due to their universal character could also be useful for early literacy interventions in Spanish. (c) 2018 Fundacion Universitaria Konrad Lorenz. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/).}, language = {en} } @article{KaiserOldorffBreitbachetal.2018, author = {Kaiser, Knut and Oldorff, Silke and Breitbach, Carsten and Kappler, Christoph and Theuerkauf, Martin and Scharnweber, Tobias and Schult, Manuela and Kuester, Mathias and Engelhardt, Christof and Heinrich, Ingo and Hupfer, Michael and Schwalbe, Grit and Kirschey, Tom and Bens, Oliver}, title = {A submerged pine forest from the early Holocene in the Mecklenburg Lake District, northern Germany}, series = {Boreas}, volume = {47}, journal = {Boreas}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0300-9483}, doi = {10.1111/bor.12314}, pages = {910 -- 925}, year = {2018}, abstract = {For the first time, evidence of a submerged pine forest from the early Holocene can be documented in a central European lake. Subaquatic tree stumps were discovered in Lake Giesenschlagsee at a depth of between 2 and 5m using scuba divers, side-scan sonar and a remotely operated vehicle. Several erect stumps, anchored to the ground by roots, represent an insitu record of this former forest. Botanical determination revealed the stumps to be Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) with an individual tree age of about 80years. The trees could not be dated by means of dendrochronology, as they are older than the regional reference chronology for pine. Radiocarbon ages from the wood range from 10880 +/- 210 to 10370 +/- 130cal. a BP, which is equivalent to the mid-Preboreal to early Boreal biozones. The trees are rooted in sedge peat, which can be dated to this period as well, using pollen stratigraphical analysis. Tilting of the peat bed by 4m indicates subsidence of the ground due to local dead ice melting, causing the trees to become submerged and preserved for millennia. Together with recently detected Lateglacial insitu tree occurrences in nearby lakes, the submerged pine forest at Giesenschlagsee represents a new and highly promising type of geo-bio-archive for the wider region. Comparable insitu pine remnants occur at some terrestrial (buried setting) and marine (submerged setting) sites in northern central Europe and beyond, but they partly differ in age. In general, the insitu pine finds document shifts of the zonal boreal forest ecosystem during the late Quaternary.}, language = {en} } @article{AbeysekaraArcherBenbowetal.2018, author = {Abeysekara, A. U. and Archer, A. and Benbow, Wystan and Bird, Ralph and Brose, Robert and Buchovecky, M. and Bugaev, V. and Connolly, M. P. and Cui, Wei and Errando, Manel and Falcone, A. and Feng, Qi and Finley, John P. and Flinders, A. and Fortson, L. and Furniss, Amy and Gillanders, Gerard H. and Huetten, M. and Hanna, David and Hervet, O. and Holder, J. and Hughes, G. and Humensky, T. B. and Johnson, Caitlin A. and Kaaret, Philip and Kar, P. and Kelley-Hoskins, N. and Kertzman, M. and Kieda, David and Krause, Maria and Krennrich, F. and Lang, M. J. and Lin, T. T. Y. and Maier, Gernot and McArthur, S. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, Reshmi and Ong, R. A. and Park, N. and Perkins, Jeremy S. and Petrashyk, A. and Pohl, Martin and Popkow, Alexis and Pueschel, Elisa and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, Gregory T. and Roache, E. and Rulten, C. and Sadeh, I. and Santander, M. and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, Karlen and Tyler, J. and Wakely, S. P. and Weiner, O. M. and Weinstein, A. and Wells, R. M. and Wilcox, P. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, David A. and Zitzer, B. and Vurm, Indrek and Beloborodov, Andrei}, title = {A Strong Limit on the Very-high-energy Emission from GRB 150323A}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {857}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, organization = {VERITAS Collaboration}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/aab371}, pages = {6}, year = {2018}, abstract = {On 2015 March 23, the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) responded to a Swift-Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) detection of a gamma-ray burst, with observations beginning 270 s after the onset of BAT emission, and only 135 s after the main BAT emission peak. No statistically significant signal is detected above 140 GeV. The VERITAS upper limit on the fluence in a 40-minute integration corresponds to about 1\% of the prompt fluence. Our limit is particularly significant because the very-high-energy (VHE) observation started only similar to 2 minutes after the prompt emission peaked, and Fermi-Large Area Telescope observations of numerous other bursts have revealed that the high-energy emission is typically delayed relative to the prompt radiation and lasts significantly longer. Also, the proximity of GRB 150323A (z = 0.593) limits the attenuation by the extragalactic background light to similar to 50\% at 100-200 GeV. We conclude that GRB 150323A had an intrinsically very weak high-energy afterglow, or that the GeV spectrum had a turnover below similar to 100 GeV. If the GRB exploded into the stellar wind of a massive progenitor, the VHE non-detection constrains the wind density parameter to be A greater than or similar to 3 x 10(11) g . cm(-1), consistent with a standard Wolf-Rayet progenitor. Alternatively, the VHE emission from the blast wave would be weak in a very tenuous medium such as the interstellar medium, which therefore cannot be ruled out as the environment of GRB 150323A.}, language = {en} } @article{Zoeller2018, author = {Z{\"o}ller, Gert}, title = {A statistical model for earthquake recurrence based on the assimilation of paleoseismicity, historic seismicity, and instrumental seismicity}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth}, volume = {123}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth}, number = {6}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9313}, doi = {10.1029/2017JB015099}, pages = {4906 -- 4921}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Paleoearthquakes and historic earthquakes are the most important source of information for the estimation of long-term earthquake recurrence intervals in fault zones, because corresponding sequences cover more than one seismic cycle. However, these events are often rare, dating uncertainties are enormous, and missing or misinterpreted events lead to additional problems. In the present study, I assume that the time to the next major earthquake depends on the rate of small and intermediate events between the large ones in terms of a clock change model. Mathematically, this leads to a Brownian passage time distribution for recurrence intervals. I take advantage of an earlier finding that under certain assumptions the aperiodicity of this distribution can be related to the Gutenberg-Richter b value, which can be estimated easily from instrumental seismicity in the region under consideration. In this way, both parameters of the Brownian passage time distribution can be attributed with accessible seismological quantities. This allows to reduce the uncertainties in the estimation of the mean recurrence interval, especially for short paleoearthquake sequences and high dating errors. Using a Bayesian framework for parameter estimation results in a statistical model for earthquake recurrence intervals that assimilates in a simple way paleoearthquake sequences and instrumental data. I present illustrative case studies from Southern California and compare the method with the commonly used approach of exponentially distributed recurrence times based on a stationary Poisson process.}, language = {en} } @article{RolfPauleitWiggering2018, author = {Rolf, Werner and Pauleit, Stephan and Wiggering, Hubert}, title = {A stakeholder approach, door opener for farmland and multifunctionality in urban green infrastructure}, series = {Urban forestry \& urban greening}, volume = {40}, journal = {Urban forestry \& urban greening}, publisher = {Urban \& Fischer}, address = {Jena}, issn = {1618-8667}, doi = {10.1016/j.ufug.2018.07.012}, pages = {73 -- 83}, year = {2018}, abstract = {During the last years Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) has evolved as a research focus across Europe. UGI can be understood as a multifunctional network of different urban green spaces and elements contributing to urban benefits. Urban agriculture has gained increasing research interest in this context. While a strong focus has been made on functions and benefits of small scale activities, the question is still open, whether these findings can be up-scaled and transferred to the farmland scale. Furthermore, multifunctionality of urban and peri-urban agriculture is rarely being considered in the landscape context. This research aims to address these gaps and harnesses the question if agricultural landscapes - which in many European metropolitan regions provide significant spatial potential - can contribute to UGI as multifunctional green spaces. This work considers multifunctionality qualitatively based on stakeholder opinion, using a participatory research approach. This study provides new insights in peri-urban farmland potentials for UGI development, resulting into a strategy framework. Furthermore, it reflects on the role of the stakeholder involvement for `multifunctionality planning´. It suggests that it helps to define meaningful bundles of intertwined functions that interact on different scales, helping to deal with non-linearity of multiple functions and to better manage them simultaneously.}, language = {en} } @article{AndreeHeywoodSchwanetal.2018, author = {Andree, Kai and Heywood, John S. and Schwan, Mike and Wang, Zheng}, title = {A spatial model of cartel stability}, series = {Bulletin of economic research}, volume = {70}, journal = {Bulletin of economic research}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0307-3378}, doi = {10.1111/boer.12149}, pages = {298 -- 311}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We uniquely introduce convex production costs into a cartel model involving spatial price discrimination. We demonstrate that greater convexity improves cartel stability and that for sufficient convexity first best locations will be adopted. We show that allowing locations to vary over the game reduces cartel stability but that greater convexity continues to improve that stability. Moreover, when the degree of convexity does not support the first best collusive locations, other collusive locations exist that require less stability and these may either increase or decrease social welfare relative to competition. Critically, these locations that require less stability are more dispersed in sharp contrast to the known result assuming linear production costs.}, language = {en} } @article{ArminChenJinetal.2018, author = {Armin, Ardalan and Chen, Zhiming and Jin, Yaocheng and Zhang, Kai and Huang, Fei and Shoaee, Safa}, title = {A Shockley-Type polymer}, series = {Advanced energy materials}, volume = {8}, journal = {Advanced energy materials}, number = {7}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1614-6832}, doi = {10.1002/aenm.201701450}, pages = {9}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Charge extraction rate in solar cells made of blends of electron donating/accepting organic semiconductors is typically slow due to their low charge carrier mobility. This sets a limit on the active layer thickness and has hindered the industrialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, charge transport and recombination properties of an efficient polymer (NT812):fullerene blend are investigated. This system delivers power conversion efficiency of >9\% even when the junction thickness is as large as 800 nm. Experimental results indicate that this material system exhibits exceptionally low bimolecular recombination constant, 800 times smaller than the diffusion-controlled electron and hole encounter rate. Comparing theoretical results based on a recently introduced modified Shockley model for fill factor, and experiments, clarifies that charge collection is nearly ideal in these solar cells even when the thickness is several hundreds of nanometer. This is the first realization of high-efficiency Shockley-type organic solar cells with junction thicknesses suitable for scaling up.}, language = {en} } @article{AbdallaAbramowskiAharonianetal.2018, author = {Abdalla, Hassan E. and Abramowski, A. and Aharonian, Felix A. and Benkhali, F. Ait and Akhperjanian, A. G. and Anguenee, E. O. and Arrieta, M. and Aubert, P. and Backes, M. and Balzer, A. and Barnard, M. and Becherini, Y. and Tjus, J. Becker and Berge, D. and Bernhard, S. and Bernloehr, K. and Birsin, E. and Blackwell, R. and Boettcher, M. and Boisson, C. and Bolmont, J. and Bordas, Pol and Bregeon, J. and Brun, F. and Brun, P. and Bryan, M. and Bulik, T. and Capasso, M. and Carr, J. and Casanova, Sabrina and Chadwick, P. M. and Chakraborty, N. and Chalme-Calvet, R. and Chaves, R. C. G. and Chen, A. and Chevalier, J. and Chretien, M. and Colafrancesco, S. and Cologna, G. and Condon, B. and Conrad, J. and Couturier, C. and Cui, Y. and Davids, I. D. and Degrange, B. and Deil, C. and deWilt, P. and Dickinson, H. J. and Djannati-Atai, A. and Domainko, W. and Donath, A. and Dubus, G. and Dutson, K. and Dyks, J. and Dyrda, M. and Edwards, T. and Egberts, Kathrin and Eger, P. and Ernenwein, J. -P. and Eschbach, S. and Farnier, C. and Fegan, S. and Fernandes, M. V. and Fiasson, A. and Fontaine, G. and Foerster, A. and Funk, S. and Fuessling, M. and Gabici, S. and Gajdus, M. and Gallant, Y. A. and Garrigoux, T. and Giavitto, G. and Giebels, B. and Glicenstein, J. F. and Gottschall, D. and Goya, A. and Grondin, M. -H. and Grudzinska, M. and Hadasch, D. and Hahn, J. and Hawkes, J. and Heinzelmann, G. and Henri, G. and Hermann, G. and Hervet, O. and Hillert, A. and Hinton, J. A. and Hofmann, W. and Hoischen, Clemens and Holler, M. and Horns, D. and Ivascenko, A. and Jacholkowska, A. and Jamrozy, M. and Janiak, M. and Jankowsky, D. and Jankowsky, F. and Jingo, M. and Jogler, T. and Jouvin, L. and Jung-Richardt, I. and Kastendieck, M. A. and Katarzynski, K. and Katz, U. and Kerszberg, D. and Khelifi, B. and Kieffer, M. and King, J. and Klepser, S. and Klochkov, D. and Kluzniak, W. and Kolitzus, D. and Komin, Nu. and Kosack, K. and Krakau, S. and Kraus, M. and Krayzel, F. and Krueger, P. P. and Laffon, H. and Lamanna, G. and Lau, J. and Lees, J. -P. and Lefaucheur, J. and Lefranc, V. and Lemiere, A. and Lemoine-Goumard, M. and Lenain, J. -P. and Leser, Eva and Lohse, T. and Lorentz, M. and Liu, R. and Lypova, I. and Marandon, V. and Marcowith, Alexandre and Mariaud, C. and Marx, R. and Maurin, G. and Maxted, N. and Mayer, M. and Meintjes, P. J. and Menzler, U. and Meyer, M. and Mitchell, A. M. W. and Moderski, R. and Mohamed, M. and Mora, K. and Moulin, Emmanuel and Murach, T. and de Naurois, M. and Niederwanger, F. and Niemiec, J. and Oakes, L. and Odaka, H. and Oettl, S. and Ohm, S. and Ostrowski, M. and Oya, I. and Padovani, M. and Panter, M. and Parsons, R. D. and Arribas, M. Paz and Pekeur, N. W. and Pelletier, G. and Petrucci, P. -O. and Peyaud, B. and Pita, S. and Poona, H. and Prokhorov, D. and Prokoph, H. and Puehlhofer, G. and Punch, M. and Quirrenbach, A. and Raab, S. and Reimer, A. and Reimer, O. and Renaud, M. and de los Reyes, R. and Rieger, F. and Romoli, C. and Rosier-Lees, S. and Rowell, G. and Rudak, B. and Rulten, C. B. and Sahakian, V. and Salek, D. and Sanchez, D. A. and Santangelo, Andrea and Sasaki, M. and Schlickeiser, R. and Schuessler, F. and Schulz, A. and Schwanke, U. and Schwemmer, S. and Seyffert, A. S. and Shafi, N. and Shilon, I. and Simoni, R. and Sol, H. and Spanier, F. and Spengler, G. and Spies, F. and Stawarz, L. and Steenkamp, R. and Stegmann, Christian and Stinzing, F. and Stycz, K. and Sushch, I. and Tavernet, J. -P. and Tavernier, T. and Taylor, A. M. and Terrier, R. and Tluczykont, M. and Trichard, C. and Tuffs, R. and van der Walt, J. and van Eldik, C. and van Soelen, B. and Vasileiadis, G. and Veh, J. and Venters, C. and Viana, A. and Vincent, P. and Vink, J. and Voisin, F. and Voelk, H. J. and Vuillaume, T. and Wadiasingh, Z. and Wagner, S. J. and Wagner, P. and Wagner, R. M. and White, R. and Wierzcholska, A. and Willmann, P. and Woernlein, A. and Wouters, D. and Yang, R. and Zabalza, V. and Zaborov, D. and Zacharias, M. and Zdziarski, A. A. and Zech, Alraune and Zefi, F. and Ziegler, A. and Zywucka, N.}, title = {A search for very high-energy flares from the microquasars GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1, and V4641 Sgr using contemporaneous HESS and RXTE observations}, series = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, volume = {612}, journal = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Les Ulis}, organization = {H E S S Collaboration}, issn = {1432-0746}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201527773}, pages = {22}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Context. Microquasars are potential gamma-ray emitters. Indications of transient episodes of gamma-ray emission were recently reported in at least two systems: Cyg X-1 and Cyg X-3. The identification of additional gamma-ray-emitting microquasars is required to better understand how gamma-ray emission can be produced in these systems. Aims. Theoretical models have predicted very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from microquasars during periods of transient outburst. Observations reported herein were undertaken with the objective of observing a broadband flaring event in the gamma-ray and X-ray bands. Methods. Contemporaneous observations of three microquasars, GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1, and V4641 Sgr, were obtained using the High Energy Spectroscopic System (H.E.S.S.) telescope array and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) satellite. X-ray analyses for each microquasar were performed and VHE gamma-ray upper limits from contemporaneous H.E.S.S. observations were derived. Results. No significant gamma-ray signal has been detected in any of the three systems. The integral gamma-ray photon flux at the observational epochs is constrained to be I(>560 GeV) < 7.3 x 10(-13) cm(-2) S-1, I(>560 GeV) < 1.2 x 10-(12) cm s(-1), and I(>240 GeV) < 4.5 x 10(-12) cm(-2) s(-1) for GRS 1915+105, Circinus X-1, and V4641 Sgr, respectively. Conclusions. The gamma-ray upper limits obtained using H.E.S.S. are examined in the context of previous Cherenkov telescope observations of microquasars. The effect of intrinsic absorption is modelled for each target and found to have negligible impact on the flux of escaping gamma-rays. When combined with the X-ray behaviour observed using RXTE, the derived results indicate that if detectable VHE gamma-ray emission from microquasars is commonplace, then it is likely to be highly transient.}, language = {en} } @article{AbdallaAbramowskiAharonianetal.2018, author = {Abdalla, Hassan E. and Abramowski, A. and Aharonian, Felix A. and Benkhali, F. Ait and Akhperjanian, A. G. and Andersson, T. and Anguener, E. O. and Arakawa, M. and Arrieta, M. and Aubert, P. and Backes, M. and Balzer, A. and Barnard, M. and Becherini, Y. and Tjus, J. Becker and Berge, D. and Bernhard, S. and Bernloehr, K. and Blackwell, R. and Boettcher, M. and Boisson, C. and Bolmont, J. and Bonnefoy, S. and Bordas, Pol and Bregeon, J. and Brun, F. and Brun, P. and Bryan, M. and Buechele, M. and Bulik, T. and Capasso, M. and Carr, J. and Casanova, Sabrina and Cerruti, M. and Chakraborty, N. and Chaves, R. C. G. and Chen, A. and Chevalier, J. and Coffaro, M. and Colafrancesco, S. and Cologna, G. and Condon, B. and Conrad, J. and Cui, Y. and Davids, I. D. and Decock, J. and Degrange, B. and Deil, C. and Devin, J. and deWilt, P. and Dirson, L. and Djannati-Atai, A. and Domainko, W. and Donath, A. and Dutson, K. and Dyks, J. and Edwards, T. and Egberts, Kathrin and Eger, P. and Ernenwein, J. -P. and Eschbach, S. and Farnier, C. and Fegan, S. and Fernandes, M. V. and Fiasson, A. and Fontaine, G. and Foerster, A. and Funk, S. and Fuessling, M. and Gabici, S. and Gajdus, M. and Gallant, Y. A. and Garrigoux, T. and Giavitto, G. and Giebels, B. and Glicenstein, J. F. and Gottschall, D. and Goyal, A. and Grondin, M. -H. and Hahn, J. and Haupt, M. and Hawkes, J. and Heinzelmann, G. and Henri, G. and Hermann, G. and Hervet, O. and Hinton, J. A. and Hofmann, W. and Hoischen, Clemens and Holch, T. L. and Holler, M. and Horns, D. and Ivascenko, A. and Iwasaki, H. and Jacholkowska, A. and Jamrozy, M. and Janiak, M. and Jankowsky, D. and Jankowsky, F. and Jingo, M. and Jogler, T. and Jouvin, L. and Jung-Richardt, I. and Kastendieck, M. A. and Katarzynski, K. and Katsuragawa, M. and Katz, U. and Kerszberg, D. and Khangulyan, D. and Khelifi, B. and King, J. and Klepser, S. and Klochkov, D. and Kluzniak, W. and Kolitzus, D. and Komin, Nu. and Kosack, K. and Krakau, S. and Kraus, M. and Krueger, P. P. and Laffon, H. and Lamanna, G. and Lau, J. and Lees, J. -P. and Lefaucheur, J. and Lefranc, V. and Lemiere, A. and Lemoine-Goumard, M. and Lenain, J. -P. and Leser, Eva and Lohse, T. and Lorentz, M. and Liu, R. and Lopez-Coto, R. and Lypova, I. and Marandon, V. and Marcowith, Alexandre and Mariaud, C. and Marx, R. and Maurin, G. and Maxted, N. and Mayer, M. and Meintjes, P. J. and Meyer, M. and Mitche, A. M. W. and Moderski, R. and Mohamed, M. and Mohrmann, L. and Mora, K. and Moulin, Emmanuel and Murach, T. and Nakashima, S. and de Naurois, M. and Niederwanger, F. and Niemiec, J. and Oakes, L. and Odaka, H. and Oettl, S. and Ohm, S. and Ostrowski, M. and Oya, I. and Padovani, M. and Panter, M. and Parsons, R. D. and Pekeur, N. W. and Pelletier, G. and Perennes, C. and Petrucci, P. -O. and Peyaud, B. and Piel, Q. and Pita, S. and Poon, H. and Prokhorov, D. and Prokoph, H. and Puehlhofer, G. and Punch, M. and Quirrenbach, A. and Raab, S. and Reimer, A. and Reimer, O. and Renaud, M. and de los Reyes, R. and Richter, S. and Rieger, F. and Romoli, C. and Rowell, G. and Rudak, B. and Rulten, C. B. and Sahakian, V. and Saito, S. and Salek, D. and Sanchez, D. A. and Santangelo, Andrea and Sasaki, M. and Schlickeiser, R. and Schuessler, F. and Schulz, A. and Schwanke, U. and Schwemmer, S. and Seglar-Arroyo, M. and Settimo, M. and Seyffert, A. S. and Shafi, N. and Shilon, I. and Simoni, R. and Sol, H. and Spanier, F. and Spengler, G. and Spies, F. and Stawarz, L. and Steenkamp, R. and Stegmann, Christian and Stycz, K. and Sushch, I. and Takahashi, T. and Tavernet, J. -P. and Tavernier, T. and Taylor, A. M. and Terrier, R. and Tibaldo, L. and Tiziani, D. and Tluczykont, M. and Trichard, C. and Tsuji, N. and Tuffs, R. and Uchiyama, Y. and van der Wale, D. J. and van Eldik, C. and van Rensburg, C. and van Soelen, B. and Vasileiadis, G. and Veh, J. and Venter, C. and Viana, A. and Vincent, P. and Vink, J. and Voisin, F. and Voelk, H. J. and Vuillaume, T. and Wadiasingh, Z. and Wagner, S. J. and Wagner, P. and Wagner, R. M. and White, R. and Wierzcholska, A. and Willmann, P. and Woernlein, A. and Wouters, D. and Yang, R. and Zabalza, V. and Zaborov, D. and Zacharias, M. and Zanin, R. and Zdziarski, A. A. and Zech, Alraune and Zefi, F. and Ziegler, A. and Zywucka, N. and Bamba, A. and Fukui, Y. and Sano, H. and Yoshiike, S.}, title = {A search for new supernova remnant shells in the Galactic plane with HESS}, series = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, volume = {612}, journal = {Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Les Ulis}, organization = {H E S S Collaboration}, issn = {1432-0746}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201730737}, pages = {23}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A search for new supernova remnants (SNRs) has been conducted using TeV gamma-ray data from the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey. As an identification criterion, shell morphologies that are characteristic for known resolved TeV SNRs have been used. Three new SNR candidates were identified in the H.E.S.S. data set with this method. Extensive multiwavelength searches for counterparts were conducted. A radio SNR candidate has been identified to be a counterpart to HESS J1534-571. The TeV source is therefore classified as a SNR. For the other two sources, HESS J1614-518 and HESS J1912 + 101, no identifying counterparts have been found, thus they remain SNR candidates for the time being. TeV-emitting SNRs are key objects in the context of identifying the accelerators of Galactic cosmic rays. The TeV emission of the relativistic particles in the new sources is examined in view of possible leptonic and hadronic emission scenarios, taking the current multiwavelength knowledge into account.}, language = {en} } @article{KayemMeinelWolthusen2018, author = {Kayem, Anne Voluntas dei Massah and Meinel, Christoph and Wolthusen, Stephen D.}, title = {A resilient smart micro-grid architecture for resource constrained environments}, series = {Smart Micro-Grid Systems Security and Privacy}, volume = {71}, journal = {Smart Micro-Grid Systems Security and Privacy}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, isbn = {978-3-319-91427-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-91427-5_5}, pages = {71 -- 101}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Resource constrained smart micro-grid architectures describe a class of smart micro-grid architectures that handle communications operations over a lossy network and depend on a distributed collection of power generation and storage units. Disadvantaged communities with no or intermittent access to national power networks can benefit from such a micro-grid model by using low cost communication devices to coordinate the power generation, consumption, and storage. Furthermore, this solution is both cost-effective and environmentally-friendly. One model for such micro-grids, is for users to agree to coordinate a power sharing scheme in which individual generator owners sell excess unused power to users wanting access to power. Since the micro-grid relies on distributed renewable energy generation sources which are variable and only partly predictable, coordinating micro-grid operations with distributed algorithms is necessity for grid stability. Grid stability is crucial in retaining user trust in the dependability of the micro-grid, and user participation in the power sharing scheme, because user withdrawals can cause the grid to breakdown which is undesirable. In this chapter, we present a distributed architecture for fair power distribution and billing on microgrids. The architecture is designed to operate efficiently over a lossy communication network, which is an advantage for disadvantaged communities. We build on the architecture to discuss grid coordination notably how tasks such as metering, power resource allocation, forecasting, and scheduling can be handled. All four tasks are managed by a feedback control loop that monitors the performance and behaviour of the micro-grid, and based on historical data makes decisions to ensure the smooth operation of the grid. Finally, since lossy networks are undependable, differentiating system failures from adversarial manipulations is an important consideration for grid stability. We therefore provide a characterisation of potential adversarial models and discuss possible mitigation measures.}, language = {en} } @article{KerstingRauschBieretal.2018, author = {Kersting, Sebastian and Rausch, Valentina and Bier, Frank Fabian and von Nickisch-Rosenegk, Markus}, title = {A recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the diagnosis of atypical pneumonia}, series = {Analytical biochemistry : methods in the biological sciences}, volume = {550}, journal = {Analytical biochemistry : methods in the biological sciences}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0003-2697}, doi = {10.1016/j.ab.2018.04.014}, pages = {54 -- 60}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Pneumonia is one of the most common and potentially lethal infectious conditions worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the pathogen most frequently associated with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia, while Legionella pneumophila is the major cause for local outbreaks of legionellosis. Both pathogens can be difficult to diagnose since signs and symptoms are nonspecific and do not differ from other causes of pneumonia. Therefore, a rapid diagnosis within a clinically relevant time is essential for a fast onset of the proper treatment. Although methods based on polymerase chain reaction significantly improved the identification of pathogens, they are difficult to conduct and need specialized equipment. We describe a rapid and sensitive test using isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification and detection on a disposable test strip. This method does not require any special instrumentation and can be performed in less than 20 min. The analytical sensitivity in the multiplex assay amplifying specific regions of S. pneumoniae and L. pneumophila simultaneously was 10 CFUs of genomic DNA per reaction. In cross detection studies with closely related strains and other bacterial agents the specificity of the RPA was confirmed. The presented method is applicable for near patient and field testing with a rather simple routine and the possibility for a read out with the naked eye.}, language = {en} } @article{ThalerHerbstMerz2018, author = {Thaler, Verena Sabine and Herbst, Uta and Merz, Michael A.}, title = {A real product scandal's impact on a high-equity brand}, series = {Journal of Product \& Brand Management}, volume = {27}, journal = {Journal of Product \& Brand Management}, number = {4}, publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited}, address = {Bingley}, issn = {1061-0421}, doi = {10.1108/JPBM-05-2017-1469}, pages = {427 -- 439}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Findings - The results provide (longitudinal) support for the proposed evaluative approach. They reveal new evidence that building brand equity is a means to mitigate negative effects, and indicate that negative spillover effects within a high-equity brand portfolio are unlikely. Finally, this research identifies situations in which developing a new brand might be more beneficial than leveraging an existing brand. Practical implications - This research has significant implications for firms with high-equity brands that might be affected by a scandal. The findings support managers to navigate their brands through a crisis.}, language = {en} } @article{SchwarzeRiemerHoldt2018, author = {Schwarze, Thomas and Riemer, Janine and Holdt, Hans-J{\"u}rgen}, title = {A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for K+ in Water Based on a Phenylaza-18-Crown-6 Lariat Ether}, series = {Chemistry - a European journal}, volume = {24}, journal = {Chemistry - a European journal}, number = {40}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {0947-6539}, doi = {10.1002/chem.201802306}, pages = {10116 -- 10121}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This work presents two molecular fluorescent probes 1 and 2 for the selective determination of physiologically relevant K+ levels in water based on a highly K+/Na+ selective building block, the o-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenylaza-18-crown-6 lariat ether unit. Fluorescent probe 1 showed a high K+-induced fluorescence enhancement (FE) by a factor of 7.7 of the anthracenic emission and a dissociation constant (K-d) value of 38mm in water. Further, for 2+K+, we observed a dual emission behavior at 405 and 505nm. K+ increases the fluorescence intensity of 2 at 405nm by a factor of approximately 4.6 and K+ decreases the fluorescence intensity at 505nm by a factor of about 4.8. Fluorescent probe 2+K+ exhibited a K-d value of approximately 8mm in Na+-free solutions and in combined K+/Na+ solution a similar K-d value of about 9mm was found, reflecting the high K+/Na+ selectivity of 2 in water. Therefore, 2 is a promising fluorescent tool to measure ratiometrically and selectively physiologically relevant K+ levels.}, language = {en} } @article{DommainFrolkingJeltschThoemmesetal.2018, author = {Dommain, Ren{\´e} and Frolking, Steve and Jeltsch-Th{\"o}mmes, Aurich and Joos, Fortunat Ulrich and Couwenberg, John and Glaser, Paul H.}, title = {A radiative forcing analysis of tropical peatlands before and after their conversion to agricultural plantations}, series = {Global change biology}, volume = {24}, journal = {Global change biology}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1354-1013}, doi = {10.1111/gcb.14400}, pages = {5518 -- 5533}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The tropical peat swamp forests of South-East Asia are being rapidly converted to agricultural plantations of oil palm and Acacia creating a significant global "hot-spot" for CO2 emissions. However, the effect of this major perturbation has yet to be quantified in terms of global warming potential (GWP) and the Earth's radiative budget. We used a GWP analysis and an impulse-response model of radiative forcing to quantify the climate forcing of this shift from a long-term carbon sink to a net source of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4). In the GWP analysis, five tropical peatlands were sinks in terms of their CO2 equivalent fluxes while they remained undisturbed. However, their drainage and conversion to oil palm and Acacia plantations produced a dramatic shift to very strong net CO2-equivalent sources. The induced losses of peat carbon are ~20× greater than the natural CO2 sequestration rates. In contrast, a radiative forcing model indicates that the magnitude of this shift from a net cooling to warming effect is ultimately related to the size of an individual peatland's carbon pool. The continuous accumulation of carbon in pristine tropical peatlands produced a progressively negative radiative forcing (i.e., cooling) that ranged from -2.1 to -6.7 nW/m2 per hectare peatland by 2010 CE, referenced to zero at the time of peat initiation. Peatland conversion to plantations leads to an immediate shift from negative to positive trend in radiative forcing (i.e., warming). If drainage persists, peak warming ranges from +3.3 to +8.7 nW/m2 per hectare of drained peatland. More importantly, this net warming impact on the Earth's radiation budget will persist for centuries to millennia after all the peat has been oxidized to CO2. This previously unreported and undesirable impact on the Earth's radiative balance provides a scientific rationale for conserving tropical peatlands in their pristine state.}, language = {en} } @article{AikenAikenCotton2018, author = {Aiken, John M. and Aiken, Chastity and Cotton, Fabrice}, title = {A python library for teaching computation to seismology students}, series = {Seismological research letters}, volume = {89}, journal = {Seismological research letters}, number = {3}, publisher = {Seismological Society of America}, address = {Albany}, issn = {0895-0695}, doi = {10.1785/0220170246}, pages = {1165 -- 1171}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Python is at the forefront of scientific computation for seismologists and therefore should be introduced to students interested in becoming seismologists. On its own, Python is open source and well designed with extensive libraries. However, Python code can also be executed, visualized, and communicated to others with "Jupyter Notebooks". Thus, Jupyter Notebooks are ideal for teaching students Python and scientific computation. In this article, we designed an openly available Python library and collection of Jupyter Notebooks based on defined scientific computation learning goals for seismology students. The Notebooks cover topics from an introduction to Python to organizing data, earthquake catalog statistics, linear regression, and making maps. Our Python library and collection of Jupyter Notebooks are meant to be used as course materials for an upper-division data analysis course in an Earth Science Department, and the materials were tested in a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard course. However, seismologists or anyone else who is interested in Python for data analysis and map making can use these materials.}, language = {en} } @article{Scianna2018, author = {Scianna, Bastian Matteo}, title = {A prelude to total war?}, series = {International Journal of Military History and Historiography}, volume = {38}, journal = {International Journal of Military History and Historiography}, number = {1}, publisher = {Brill}, address = {Leiden}, issn = {2468-3299}, doi = {10.1163/24683302-03801001}, pages = {5 -- 33}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The conflict between Italy and Ethiopia in 1935-36 has been framed as a prelude to the Second World War and as a watershed towards 'Total War'. One perspective has so far been neglected: the assessments of foreign military observers. This article examines American, British, German, and Austrian views on the operations and thereby also analyses the mindset of European officers at the time. The core argument emerging from these reports is that the war was perceived as a rather 'normal' colonial conflict. Neither the use of gas, nor the employment of aircraft against civilians was seen as a taboo or created significant outrage among the military observers. Instead, they lauded the Italians' steady logistical efforts and employment of artillery and airpower to overcome nature and the enemy's resistance.}, language = {en} } @article{Sachse2018, author = {Sachse, Manuel}, title = {A planetary dust ring generated by impact-ejection from the Galilean satellites}, series = {Icarus : international journal of solar system studies}, volume = {303}, journal = {Icarus : international journal of solar system studies}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0019-1035}, doi = {10.1016/j.icarus.2017.10.011}, pages = {166 -- 180}, year = {2018}, abstract = {All outer planets in the Solar System are surrounded by a ring system. Many of these rings are dust rings or they contain at least a high proportion of dust. They are often formed by impacts of micro-meteoroids onto embedded bodies. The ejected material typically consists of micron-sized charged particles, which are susceptible to gravitational and non-gravitational forces. Generally, detailed information on the dynamics and distribution of the dust requires expensive numerical simulations of a large number of particles. Here we develop a relatively simple and fast, semi-analytical model for an impact-generated planetary dust ring governed by the planet's gravity and the relevant perturbation forces for the dynamics of small charged particles. The most important parameter of the model is the dust production rate, which is a linear factor in the calculation of the dust densities. We apply our model to dust ejected from the Galilean satellites using production rates obtained from flybys of the dust sources. The dust densities predicted by our model are in good agreement with numerical simulations and with in situ measurements by the Galileo spacecraft. The lifetimes of large particles are about two orders of magnitude greater than those of small ones, which implies a flattening of the size distribution in circumplanetary space. Information about the distribution of circumplanetary dust is also important for the risk assessment of spacecraft orbits in the respective regions.}, language = {en} } @article{VoellingerSpoererLubbeetal.2018, author = {V{\"o}llinger, Vanessa A. and Sp{\"o}rer, Nadine and Lubbe, Dirk and Brunstein, Joachim C.}, title = {A path analytic test of the reading strategies mediation model}, series = {The Journal of Educational Research}, volume = {111}, journal = {The Journal of Educational Research}, number = {6}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0022-0671}, doi = {10.1080/00220671.2017.1412930}, pages = {733 -- 745}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This study examined a theoretical model hypothesizing that reading strategies mediate the effects of intrinsic reading motivation, reading fluency, and vocabulary knowledge on reading comprehension. Using path analytic methods, we tested the direct and indirect effects specified in the hypothesized model in a sample of 1105 fifth-graders. In addition to standardized tests and questionnaires, we administered a performance test to assess students' proficiency in the application of three reading strategies. The overall fit of the model to the data was good. Both cognitive (fluency and vocabulary) and motivational (intrinsic reading motivation) variables had an indirect effect on reading comprehension through their influence on reading strategies. Reading strategies had a unique effect on reading comprehension and partially mediated the effects that cognitive and motivational variables had on fifth-graders' reading achievements.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidtSchultze2018, author = {Schmidt, Bernd and Schultze, Christiane}, title = {A one-pot synthesis of pyranocoumarins through microwave-promoted propargyl claisen rearrangement/wittig olefination}, series = {European journal of organic chemistry}, volume = {2018}, journal = {European journal of organic chemistry}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH Verl.}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1434-193X}, pages = {223 -- 227}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The reaction between propargyl ethers of hydroxybenzaldehydes and the ylide ethyl (triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetate was carried out under microwave irradiation to regioselectively afford angular pyranocoumarins. The chromene and coumarin heterocyclic scaffolds were simultaneously formed in the same synthetic step without changing the reaction conditions. The natural products seselin, braylin, and dipetalolactone were among the products synthesized by this method.}, language = {en} } @article{WoutersenJardineGiovanniBogotaAngeletal.2018, author = {Woutersen, Amber and Jardine, Phillip E. and Giovanni Bogota-Angel, Raul and Zhang, Hong-Xiang and Silvestro, Daniele and Antonelli, Alexandre and Gogna, Elena and Erkens, Roy H. J. and Gosling, William D. and Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume and Hoorn, Carina}, title = {A novel approach to study the morphology and chemistry of pollen in a phylogenetic context, applied to the halophytic taxon Nitraria L.(Nitrariaceae)}, series = {PeerJ}, volume = {6}, journal = {PeerJ}, publisher = {PeerJ Inc.}, address = {London}, issn = {2167-8359}, doi = {10.7717/peerj.5055}, pages = {31}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Nitraria is a halophytic taxon (i.e., adapted to saline environments) that belongs to the plant family Nitrariaceae and is distributed from the Mediterranean, across Asia into the south-eastern tip of Australia. This taxon is thought to have originated in Asia during the Paleogene (66-23 Ma), alongside the proto-Paratethys epicontinental sea. The evolutionary history of Nitraria might hold important clues on the links between climatic and biotic evolution but limited taxonomic documentation of this taxon has thus far hindered this line of research. Here we investigate if the pollen morphology and the chemical composition of the pollen wall are informative of the evolutionary history of Nitraria and could explain if origination along the proto-Paratethys and dispersal to the Tibetan Plateau was simultaneous or a secondary process. To answer these questions, we applied a novel approach consisting of a combination of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), to determine the chemical composition of the pollen wall, and pollen morphological analyses using Light Microscopy (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). We analysed our data using ordinations (principal components analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling), and directly mapped it on the Nitrariaceae phylogeny to produce a phylomorphospace and a phylochemospace. Our LM, SEM and FTIR analyses show clear morphological and chemical differences between the sister groups Peganum and Nitraria. Differences in the morphological and chemical characteristics of highland species (Nitraria schoberi, N. sphaerocarpa, N. sibirica and N. tangutorum) and lowland species (Nitraria billardierei and N. retusa) are very subtle, with phylogenetic history appearing to be a more important control on Nitraria pollen than local environmental conditions. Our approach shows a compelling consistency between the chemical and morphological characteristics of the eight studied Nitrariaceae species, and these traits are in agreement with the phylogenetic tree. Taken together, this demonstrates how novel methods for studying fossil pollen can facilitate the evolutionary investigation of living and extinct taxa, and the environments they represent.}, language = {en} } @article{LiebigHenningSarhanetal.2018, author = {Liebig, Ferenc and Henning, Ricky and Sarhan, Radwan Mohamed and Prietzel, Claudia Christina and Bargheer, Matias and Koetz, Joachim}, title = {A new route to gold nanoflowers}, series = {Nanotechnology}, volume = {29}, journal = {Nanotechnology}, number = {18}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0957-4484}, doi = {10.1088/1361-6528/aaaffd}, pages = {8}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Catanionic vesicles spontaneously formed by mixing the anionic surfactant bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium salt with the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were used as a reducing medium to produce gold clusters, which are embedded and well-ordered into the template phase. The gold clusters can be used as seeds in the growth process that follows by adding ascorbic acid as a mild reducing component. When the ascorbic acid was added very slowly in an ice bath round-edged gold nanoflowers were produced. When the same experiments were performed at room temperature in the presence of Ag+ ions, sharp-edged nanoflowers could be synthesized. The mechanism of nanoparticle formation can be understood to be a non-diffusion-limited Ostwald ripening process of preordered gold nanoparticles embedded in catanionic vesicle fragments. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering experiments show an excellent enhancement factor of 1.7 . 10(5) for the nanoflowers deposited on a silicon wafer.}, language = {en} } @article{Ganghof2018, author = {Ganghof, Steffen}, title = {A new political system model}, series = {European Journal for Political Research}, volume = {57}, journal = {European Journal for Political Research}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0304-4130}, doi = {10.1111/1475-6765.12224}, pages = {261 -- 281}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Semi-parliamentary government is a distinct executive-legislative system that mirrors semi-presidentialism. It exists when the legislature is divided into two equally legitimate parts, only one of which can dismiss the prime minister in a no-confidence vote. This system has distinct advantages over pure parliamentary and presidential systems: it establishes a branch-based separation of powers and can balance the 'majoritarian' and 'proportional' visions of democracy without concentrating executive power in a single individual. This article analyses bicameral versions of semi-parliamentary government in Australia and Japan, and compares empirical patterns of democracy in the Australian Commonwealth as well as New South Wales to 20 advanced parliamentary and semi-presidential systems. It discusses new semi-parliamentary designs, some of which do not require formal bicameralism, and pays special attention to semi-parliamentary options for democratising the European Union.}, language = {en} } @article{DietrichBehrensWilke2018, author = {Dietrich, Marcel and Behrens, Harald and Wilke, Max}, title = {A new optical cell for in situ Raman spectroscopy, and its application to study sulfur-bearing fluids at elevated pressures and temperatures}, series = {American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials}, volume = {103}, journal = {American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials}, number = {3}, publisher = {Mineralogical Society of America}, address = {Chantilly}, issn = {0003-004X}, doi = {10.2138/am-2018-6244}, pages = {418 -- 429}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Sulfur is an important component in volcanic gases at the Earth surface but also present in the deep Earth in hydrothermal or magmatic fluids. Little is known about the evolution of such fluids during ascent in the crust. A new optical cell was developed for in situ Raman spectroscopic investigations on fluids allowing abrupt or continuous changes of pressure up to 200 MPa at temperatures up to 750 degrees C. The concept is based on a flexible gold bellow, which separates the sample fluid from the pressure medium water. To avoid reactions between aggressive fluids and the pressure cell, steel components in contact with the fluid are shielded by gold foil. The cell was tested to study redox reactions in fluids using aqueous ammonium sulfate solutions as a model system. During heating at constant pressure of 130 MPa, sulfate ions transform first to HSO4- ions and then to molecular units such as H2SO4. Variation of pressure shows that the stability of sulfate species relies on fluid density, i.e., highly charged species are stable only in high-density fluids. Partial decomposition of ammonium was evident above 550 degrees C by the occurrence of a nitrogen peak in the Raman spectra. Reduced sulfur species were observed above 700 degrees C by Raman signals near 2590 cm(-1) assigned to HS- and H2S. No clear evidence for the formation of sulfur dioxide was found in contrary to previous studies on aqueous H2SO4, suggesting very reducing conditions in our experiments. Fluid-mineral interaction was studied by inserting into the cell a small, semi-open capsule filled with a mixture of pyrite and pyrrhotite. Oxidation of the sample assembly was evident by transformation of pyrite to pyrrhotite. As a consequence, sulfide species were observed in the fluid already at temperatures of similar to 600 degrees C.}, language = {en} } @article{Ariel2018, author = {Ariel, Yaakov S.}, title = {A New Kind of Jew}, series = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien [23 (2017)] = JewBus, Jewish Hindus \& other Jewish Encounters with East Asian Religions}, journal = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien [23 (2017)] = JewBus, Jewish Hindus \& other Jewish Encounters with East Asian Religions}, number = {23}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-418-0}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-408952}, pages = {133 -- 148}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The article examines Allen Ginsberg's spiritual path, and places his interest in Asian religions within larger cultural agendas and life choices. While identifying as a Jew, Ginsberg wished to transcend beyond his parents' orbit and actively sought to create an inclusive, tolerant, and permissive society where persons such as himself could live and create at ease. He chose elements from the Christian, Jewish, Native-American, Hindu, and Buddhist traditions, weaving them together into an ever-growing cultural and spiritual quilt. The poet never underwent a conversion experience or restricted his choices and freedoms. In Ginsberg's understanding, Buddhism was a universal, non-theistic religion that meshed well with an individualist outlook, and worked toward personal solace and mindfulness. He and other Jews saw no contradiction between enchantment with Buddhism and their Jewish identity.}, language = {en} } @article{OeztuerkMarwanvonSpechtetal.2018, author = {{\"O}zt{\"u}rk, Ugur and Marwan, Norbert and von Specht, Sebastian and Korup, Oliver and Jensen, J.}, title = {A new centennial sea-level record for Antalya, Eastern Mediterranean}, series = {Journal of geophysical research-oceans}, volume = {123}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research-oceans}, number = {7}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9275}, doi = {10.1029/2018JC013906}, pages = {4503 -- 4517}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Quantitative estimates of sea-level rise in the Mediterranean Basin become increasingly accurate thanks to detailed satellite monitoring. However, such measuring campaigns cover several years to decades, while longer-term sea-level records are rare for the Mediterranean. We used a data archeological approach to reanalyze monthly mean sea-level data of the Antalya-I (1935-1977) tide gauge to fill this gap. We checked the accuracy and reliability of these data before merging them with the more recent records of the Antalya-II (1985-2009) tide gauge, accounting for an eight-year hiatus. We obtain a composite time series of monthly and annual mean sea levels spanning some 75 years, providing the longest record for the eastern Mediterranean Basin, and thus an essential tool for studying the region's recent sea-level trends. We estimate a relative mean sea-level rise of 2.2 ± 0.5 mm/year between 1935 and 2008, with an annual variability (expressed here as the standard deviation of the residuals, σresiduals = 41.4 mm) above that at the closest tide gauges (e.g., Thessaloniki, Greece, σresiduals = 29.0 mm). Relative sea-level rise accelerated to 6.0 ± 1.5 mm/year at Antalya-II; we attribute roughly half of this rate (~3.6 mm/year) to tectonic crustal motion and anthropogenic land subsidence. Our study highlights the value of data archeology for recovering and integrating historic tide gauge data for long-term sea-level and climate studies.}, language = {en} } @article{HedayatMahmoudiSchulze2018, author = {Hedayat Mahmoudi, Mahdi and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang}, title = {A new approach to the second order edge calculus}, series = {Journal of pseudo-differential operators and applications}, volume = {9}, journal = {Journal of pseudo-differential operators and applications}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1662-9981}, doi = {10.1007/s11868-017-0191-2}, pages = {265 -- 300}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We establish essential steps of an iterative approach to operator algebras, ellipticity and Fredholm property on stratified spaces with singularities of second order. We cover, in particular, corner-degenerate differential operators. Our constructions are focused on the case where no additional conditions of trace and potential type are posed, but this case works well and will be considered in a forthcoming paper as a conclusion of the present calculus.}, language = {en} } @article{KothaCottonBindi2018, author = {Kotha, Sreeram Reddy and Cotton, Fabrice and Bindi, Dino}, title = {A new approach to site classification}, series = {Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {110}, journal = {Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0267-7261}, doi = {10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.01.051}, pages = {318 -- 329}, year = {2018}, abstract = {With increasing amount of strong motion data, Ground Motion Prediction Equation (GMPE) developers are able to quantify empirical site amplification functions (delta S2S(s)) from GMPE residuals, for use in site-specific Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment. In this study, we first derive a GMPE for 5\% damped Pseudo Spectral Acceleration (g) of Active Shallow Crustal earthquakes in Japan with 3.4 <= M-w <= 7.3 and 0 <= R-JB <= 600km. Using k-mean spectral clustering technique, we then classify our estimated delta S2S(s)(T = 0.01 - 2s) of 588 wellcharacterized sites, into 8 site clusters with distinct mean site amplification functions, and within-cluster site-tosite variability similar to 50\% smaller than the overall dataset variability (phi(S2S)). Following an evaluation of existing schemes, we propose a revised data-driven site classification characterized by kernel density distributions of V-s30, V-s10, H-800, and predominant period (T-G) of the site clusters.}, language = {en} } @article{GonzalezGalanOskinovaPopovetal.2018, author = {Gonz{\´a}lez-Gal{\´a}n, Ana and Oskinova, Lida and Popov, Sergei B. and Haberl, F. and K{\"u}hnel, M. and Gallagher, John S. and Schurch, Matthew and Guerrero, Mart{\´i}n A.}, title = {A multiwavelength study of SXP 1062, the long-period X-ray pulsar associated with a supernova remnant}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {475}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {2}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stx3127}, pages = {2809 -- 2821}, year = {2018}, abstract = {SXP 1062 is a Be X-ray binary (BeXB) located in the Small Magellanic Cloud. It hosts a long-period X-ray pulsar and is likely associated with the supernova remnant MCSNR J0127-7332. In this work we present a multiwavelength view on SXP 1062 in different luminosity regimes. We consider monitoring campaigns in optical (OGLE survey) and X-ray (Swift telescope). During these campaigns a tight coincidence of X-ray and optical outbursts is observed. We interpret this as typical Type I outbursts as often detected in BeXBs at periastron passage of the neutron star (NS). To study different X-ray luminosity regimes in depth, during the source quiescence we observed it with XMM-Newton while Chandra observations followed an X-ray outburst. Nearly simultaneously with Chandra observations in X-rays, in optical the RSS/SALT telescope obtained spectra of SXP 1062. On the basis of our multiwavelength campaign we propose a simple scenario where the disc of the Be star is observed face-on, while the orbit of the NS is inclined with respect to the disc. According to the model of quasi-spherical settling accretion our estimation of the magnetic field of the pulsar in SXP 1062 does not require an extremely strong magnetic field at the present time.}, language = {en} } @article{TuncaboyluFriessWischkeetal.2018, author = {Tuncaboylu, Deniz Ceylan and Friess, Fabian and Wischke, Christian and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {A multifunctional multimaterial system for on-demand protein release}, series = {Journal of controlled release}, volume = {284}, journal = {Journal of controlled release}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0168-3659}, doi = {10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.06.022}, pages = {240 -- 247}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In order to provide best control of the regeneration process for each individual patient, the release of protein drugs administered during surgery may need to be timely adapted and/or delayed according to the progress of healing/regeneration. This study aims to establish a multifunctional implant system for a local on-demand release, which is applicable for various types of proteins. It was hypothesized that a tubular multimaterial container kit, which hosts the protein of interest as a solution or gel formulation, would enable on-demand release if equipped with the capacity of diameter reduction upon external stimulation. Using devices from poly(epsilon-caprolactone) networks, it could be demonstrated that a shape-memory effect activated by heat or NIR light enabled on-demand tube shrinkage. The decrease of diameter of these shape-memory tubes (SMT) allowed expelling the payload as demonstrated for several proteins including SDF-1 alpha, a therapeutically relevant chemotactic protein, to achieve e.g. continuous release with a triggered add-on dosing (open tube) or an on-demand onset of bolus or sustained release (sealed tube). Considering the clinical relevance of protein factors in (stem) cell attraction to lesions and the progress in monitoring biomarkers in body fluids, such on-demand release systems may be further explored e.g. in heart, nerve, or bone regeneration in the future.}, language = {en} } @article{SlimaniParavlicGranacher2018, author = {Slimani, Maamer and Paravlic, Armin and Granacher, Urs}, title = {A Meta-Analysis to Determine Strength Training Related Dose-Response Relationships for Lower-Limb Muscle Power Development in Young Athletes}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2018.01155}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2018}, abstract = {It is well-documented that strength training (ST) improves measures of muscle strength in young athletes. Less is known on transfer effects of ST on proxies of muscle power and the underlying dose-response relationships. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to quantify the effects of ST on lower limb muscle power in young athletes and to provide dose-response relationships for ST modalities such as frequency, intensity, and volume. A systematic literature search of electronic databases identified 895 records. Studies were eligible for inclusion if (i) healthy trained children (girls aged 6-11 y, boys aged 6-13 y) or adolescents (girls aged 12-18 y, boys aged 14-18 y) were examined, (ii) ST was compared with an active control, and (iii) at least one proxy of muscle power [squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump height (CMJ)] was reported. Weighted mean standardized mean differences (SMDwm) between subjects were calculated. Based on the findings from 15 statistically aggregated studies, ST produced significant but small effects on CMJ height (SMDwm = 0.65; 95\% CI 0.34-0.96) and moderate effects on SJ height (SMDwm = 0.80; 95\% CI 0.23-1.37). The sub-analyses revealed that the moderating variable expertise level (CMJ height: p = 0.06; SJ height: N/A) did not significantly influence ST-related effects on proxies of muscle power. "Age" and "sex" moderated ST effects on SJ (p = 0.005) and CMJ height (p = 0.03), respectively. With regard to the dose-response relationships, findings from the meta-regression showed that none of the included training modalities predicted ST effects on CMJ height. For SJ height, the meta-regression indicated that the training modality "training duration" significantly predicted the observed gains (p = 0.02), with longer training durations (>8 weeks) showing larger improvements. This meta-analysis clearly proved the general effectiveness of ST on lower-limb muscle power in young athletes, irrespective of the moderating variables. Dose-response analyses revealed that longer training durations (>8 weeks) are more effective to improve SJ height. No such training modalities were found for CMJ height. Thus, there appear to be other training modalities besides the ones that were included in our analyses that may have an effect on SJ and particularly CMJ height. ST monitoring through rating of perceived exertion, movement velocity or force-velocity profile could be promising monitoring tools for lower-limb muscle power development in young athletes.}, language = {en} } @article{Sariel2018, author = {Sariel, Eliezer}, title = {A Historian from the World of Torah}, series = {PaRDES : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e. V.}, journal = {PaRDES : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e. V.}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-417799}, pages = {47 -- 77}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The article examines the work of Rabbi Yitzhak Isaac Halevy, arguably the most significant Orthodox response to the Wissenschaft des Judentums school of historiography. Halevy himself exemplified the Orthodox struggle against Wissenschaft, yet his work expressed a commitment to modern historiographical discipline that suggested an internalization of some of the very same premises adopted by Wissenschaft. While criticizing the representatives of Wissenschaft, Halevy was, at the same time, fighting for the internalization of its innovative characteristics into Orthodox society. He saw himself as a leader of a movement working towards the development of Orthodox Jewish studies and his application of modern historiographic principles from an Orthodox worldview as creating critical Orthodox historiography. Halevy's approach promotes an understanding of Orthodoxy as a complex phenomenon, of which the struggle against modern secularization is just one of many characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{FusilloTremblayGaensickeetal.2018, author = {Fusillo, Nicola Pietro Gentile and Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel and G{\"a}nsicke, Boris T. and Manser, Christopher J. and Cunningham, Tim and Cukanovaite, Elena and Hollands, Mark and Marsh, Thomas and Raddi, Roberto and Jordan, Stefan and Toonen, Silvia and Geier, Stephan and Barstow, Martin and Cummings, Jeffrey D.}, title = {A Gaia Data Release 2 catalogue of white dwarfs and a comparison with SDSS}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {482}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {4}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/sty3016}, pages = {4570 -- 4591}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We present a catalogue of white dwarf candidates selected from the second data release of Gaia (DR2). We used a sample of spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to map the entire space spanned by these objects in the Gaia Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. We then defined a set of cuts in absolute magnitude, colour, and a number of Gaia quality flags to remove the majority of contaminating objects. Finally, we adopt a method analogous to the one presented in our earlier SDSS photometric catalogues to calculate a probability of being a white dwarf (PWD) for all Gaia sources that passed the initial selection. The final catalogue is composed of 486641 stars with calculated PWD from which it is possible to select a sample of ≃260000 high-confidence white dwarf candidates in the magnitude range 8 < G < 21. By comparing this catalogue with a sample of SDSS white dwarf candidates, we estimate an upper limit in completeness of 85 per cent for white dwarfs with G ≤ 20 mag and Teff >7000 K, at high Galactic latitudes (|b| > 20°). However, the completeness drops at low Galactic latitudes, and the magnitude limit of the catalogue varies significantly across the sky as a function of Gaia's scanning law. We also provide the list of objects within our sample with available SDSS spectroscopy. We use this spectroscopic sample to characterize the observed structure of the white dwarf distribution in the H-R diagram.}, language = {en} } @article{HartmanGentzSchilleretal.2018, author = {Hartman, Jan F. and Gentz, Torben and Schiller, Amanda and Greule, Markus and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Ionescu, Danny and Keppler, Frank and Martinez-Cruz, Karla and Sepulveda-Jauregui, Armando and Isenbeck-Schroeter, Margot}, title = {A f ast and sensitive method for the continuous in situ determination of dissolved methane and its delta C-13-isotope ratio in surface waters}, series = {Limnology and Oceanography-methods}, volume = {16}, journal = {Limnology and Oceanography-methods}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1541-5856}, doi = {10.1002/lom3.10244}, pages = {273 -- 285}, year = {2018}, abstract = {A fast and sensitive method for the continuous determination of methane (CH4) and its stable carbon isotopic values (delta C-13-CH4) in surface waters was developed by applying a vacuum to a gas/liquid exchange membrane and measuring the extracted gases by a portable cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyser (M-CRDS). The M-CRDS was calibrated and characterized for CH4 concentration and delta C-13-CH4 with synthetic water standards. The detection limit of the M-CRDS for the simultaneous determination of CH4 and delta C-13-CH4 is 3.6 nmol L-1 CH4. A measurement precision of CH4 concentrations and delta C-13-CH4 in the range of 1.1\%, respectively, 1.7 parts per thousand (1 sigma) and accuracy (1.3\%, respectively, 0.8 parts per thousand [1 sigma]) was achieved for single measurements and averaging times of 10 min. The response time tau of 57 +/- 5 s allow determination of delta C-13-CH4 values more than twice as fast than other methods. The demonstrated M-CRDS method was applied and tested for Lake Stechlin (Germany) and compared with the headspace-gas chromatography and fast membrane CH4 concentration methods. Maximum CH4 concentrations (577 nmol L-1) and lightest delta C-13-CH4 (-35.2 parts per thousand) were found around the thermocline in depth profile measurements. The M-CRDS-method was in good agreement with other methods. Temporal variations in CH4 concentration and delta C-13-CH4 obtained in 24 h measurements indicate either local methane production/oxidation or physical variations in the thermocline. Therefore, these results illustrate the need of fast and sensitive analyses to achieve a better understanding of different mechanisms and pathways of CH4 formation in aquatic environments.}, language = {en} } @article{KriegerowskiPetersenVasyuraBathkeetal.2018, author = {Kriegerowski, Marius and Petersen, Gesa Maria and Vasyura-Bathke, Hannes and Ohrnberger, Matthias}, title = {A Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Localization of Clustered Earthquakes Based on Multistation Full Waveforms}, series = {Seismological research letters}, volume = {90}, journal = {Seismological research letters}, number = {2}, publisher = {Seismological Society of America}, address = {Albany}, issn = {0895-0695}, doi = {10.1785/0220180320}, pages = {510 -- 516}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Earthquake localization is both a necessity within the field of seismology, and a prerequisite for further analysis such as source studies and hazard assessment. Traditional localization methods often rely on manually picked phases. We present an alternative approach using deep learning that once trained can predict hypocenter locations efficiently. In seismology, neural networks have typically been trained with either single-station records or based on features that have been extracted previously from the waveforms. We use three-component full-waveform records of multiple stations directly. This means no information is lost during preprocessing and preparation of the data does not require expert knowledge. The first convolutional layer of our deep convolutional neural network (CNN) becomes sensitive to features that characterize the waveforms it is trained on. We show that this layer can therefore additionally be used as an event detector. As a test case, we trained our CNN using more than 2000 earthquake swarm events from West Bohemia, recorded by nine local three-component stations. The CNN successfully located 908 validation events with standard deviations of 56.4 m in east-west, 123.8 m in north-south, and 136.3 m in vertical direction compared to a double-difference relocated reference catalog. The detector is sensitive to events with magnitudes down to M-L = -0.8 with 3.5\% false positive detections.}, language = {en} } @article{GrumBenderAlfaetal.2018, author = {Grum, Marcus and Bender, Benedict and Alfa, A. S. and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {A decision maxim for efficient task realization within analytical network infrastructures}, series = {Decision support systems : DSS ; the international journal}, volume = {112}, journal = {Decision support systems : DSS ; the international journal}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0167-9236}, doi = {10.1016/j.dss.2018.06.005}, pages = {48 -- 59}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Faced with the increasing needs of companies, optimal dimensioning of IT hardware is becoming challenging for decision makers. In terms of analytical infrastructures, a highly evolutionary environment causes volatile, time dependent workloads in its components, and intelligent, flexible task distribution between local systems and cloud services is attractive. With the aim of developing a flexible and efficient design for analytical infrastructures, this paper proposes a flexible architecture model, which allocates tasks following a machine-specific decision heuristic. A simulation benchmarks this system with existing strategies and identifies the new decision maxim as superior in a first scenario-based simulation.}, language = {en} } @article{Buerger2018, author = {B{\"u}rger, Gerd}, title = {A counterexample to decomposing climate shifts and trends by weather types}, series = {International Journal of Climatology}, volume = {38}, journal = {International Journal of Climatology}, number = {9}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0899-8418}, doi = {10.1002/joc.5519}, pages = {3732 -- 3735}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The literature contains a sizable number of publications where weather types are used to decompose climate shifts or trends into contributions of frequency and mean of those types. They are all based on the product rule, that is, a transformation of a product of sums into a sum of products, the latter providing the decomposition. While there is nothing to argue about the transformation itself, its interpretation as a climate shift or trend decomposition is bound to fail. While the case of a climate shift may be viewed as an incomplete description of a more complex behaviour, trend decomposition indeed produces bogus trends, as demonstrated by a synthetic counterexample with well-defined trends in type frequency and mean. Consequently, decompositions based on that transformation, be it for climate shifts or trends, must not be used.}, language = {en} } @article{Muschalla2018, author = {Muschalla, Beate}, title = {A concept of psychological work capacity demands}, series = {Work : a journal of prevention, assessment \& rehabilitation}, volume = {59}, journal = {Work : a journal of prevention, assessment \& rehabilitation}, number = {3}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1051-9815}, doi = {10.3233/WOR-182691}, pages = {375 -- 386}, year = {2018}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Work capacity demands are a concept to describe which psychological capacities are required in a job. Assessing psychological work capacity demands is of specific importance when mental health problems at work endanger work ability. Exploring psychological work capacity demands is the basis for mental hazard analysis or rehabilitative action, e.g. in terms of work adjustment. OBJECTIVE: This is the first study investigating psychological work capacity demands in rehabilitation patients with and without mental disorders. METHODS: A structured interview on psychological work capacity demands (Mini-ICF-Work; Muschalla, 2015; Linden et al., 2015) was done with 166 rehabilitation patients of working age. All interviews were done by a state-licensed socio-medically trained psychotherapist. Inter-rater-reliability was assessed by determining agreement in independent co-rating in 65 interviews. For discriminant validity purposes, participants filled in the Short Questionnaire for Work Analysis (KFZA, Prumper et al., 1994). RESULTS: In different professional fields, different psychological work capacity demands were of importance. The Mini-ICF-Work capacity dimensions reflect different aspects than the KFZA. Patients with mental disorders were longer on sick leave and had worse work ability prognosis than patients without mental disorders, although both groups reported similar work capacity demands. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological work demands - which are highly relevant for work ability prognosis and work adjustment processes - can be explored and differentiated in terms of psychological capacity demands.}, language = {en} } @article{MaetzigVasishthEngelmannetal.2018, author = {M{\"a}tzig, Paul and Vasishth, Shravan and Engelmann, Felix and Caplan, David and Burchert, Frank}, title = {A computational investigation of sources of variability in sentence comprehension difficulty in aphasia}, series = {Topics in cognitive science}, volume = {10}, journal = {Topics in cognitive science}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1756-8757}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12323}, pages = {161 -- 174}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We present a computational evaluation of three hypotheses about sources of deficit in sentence comprehension in aphasia: slowed processing, intermittent deficiency, and resource reduction. The ACT-R based Lewis and Vasishth (2005) model is used to implement these three proposals. Slowed processing is implemented as slowed execution time of parse steps; intermittent deficiency as increased random noise in activation of elements in memory; and resource reduction as reduced spreading activation. As data, we considered subject vs. object relative sentences, presented in a self-paced listening modality to 56 individuals with aphasia (IWA) and 46 matched controls. The participants heard the sentences and carried out a picture verification task to decide on an interpretation of the sentence. These response accuracies are used to identify the best parameters (for each participant) that correspond to the three hypotheses mentioned above. We show that controls have more tightly clustered (less variable) parameter values than IWA; specifically, compared to controls, among IWA there are more individuals with slow parsing times, high noise, and low spreading activation. We find that (a) individual IWA show differential amounts of deficit along the three dimensions of slowed processing, intermittent deficiency, and resource reduction, (b) overall, there is evidence for all three sources of deficit playing a role, and (c) IWA have a more variable range of parameter values than controls. An important implication is that it may be meaningless to talk about sources of deficit with respect to an abstract verage IWA; the focus should be on the individual's differential degrees of deficit along different dimensions, and on understanding the causes of variability in deficit between participants.}, language = {en} } @article{PalkopoulouLipsonMallicketal.2018, author = {Palkopoulou, Eleftheria and Lipson, Mark and Mallick, Swapan and Nielsen, Svend and Rohland, Nadin and Baleka, Sina Isabelle and Karpinski, Emil and Ivancevici, Atma M. and Thu-Hien To, and Kortschak, Daniel and Raison, Joy M. and Qu, Zhipeng and Chin, Tat-Jun and Alt, Kurt W. and Claesson, Stefan and Dalen, Love and MacPhee, Ross D. E. and Meller, Harald and Rocar, Alfred L. and Ryder, Oliver A. and Heiman, David and Young, Sarah and Breen, Matthew and Williams, Christina and Aken, Bronwen L. and Ruffier, Magali and Karlsson, Elinor and Johnson, Jeremy and Di Palma, Federica and Alfoldi, Jessica and Adelsoni, David L. and Mailund, Thomas and Munch, Kasper and Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin and Hofreiter, Michael and Poinar, Hendrik and Reich, David}, title = {A comprehensive genomic history of extinct and living elephants}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {115}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {11}, publisher = {National Acad. of Sciences}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0027-8424}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1720554115}, pages = {E2566 -- E2574}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{NoonanTuckerFlemingetal.2018, author = {Noonan, Michael J. and Tucker, Marlee A. and Fleming, Christen H. and Akre, Thomas S. and Alberts, Susan C. and Ali, Abdullahi H. and Altmann, Jeanne and Antunes, Pamela Castro and Belant, Jerrold L. and Beyer, Dean and Blaum, Niels and Boehning-Gaese, Katrin and Cullen Jr, Laury and de Paula, Rogerio Cunha and Dekker, Jasja and Drescher-Lehman, Jonathan and Farwig, Nina and Fichtel, Claudia and Fischer, Christina and Ford, Adam T. and Goheen, Jacob R. and Janssen, Rene and Jeltsch, Florian and Kauffman, Matthew and Kappeler, Peter M. and Koch, Flavia and LaPoint, Scott and Markham, A. Catherine and Medici, Emilia Patricia and Morato, Ronaldo G. and Nathan, Ran and Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo R. and Olson, Kirk A. and Patterson, Bruce D. and Paviolo, Agustin and Ramalho, Emiliano Estero and Rosner, Sascha and Schabo, Dana G. and Selva, Nuria and Sergiel, Agnieszka and da Silva, Marina Xavier and Spiegel, Orr and Thompson, Peter and Ullmann, Wiebke and Zieba, Filip and Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz and Fagan, William F. and Mueller, Thomas and Calabrese, Justin M.}, title = {A comprehensive analysis of autocorrelation and bias in home range estimation}, series = {Ecological monographs : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.}, volume = {89}, journal = {Ecological monographs : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0012-9615}, doi = {10.1002/ecm.1344}, pages = {21}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Home range estimation is routine practice in ecological research. While advances in animal tracking technology have increased our capacity to collect data to support home range analysis, these same advances have also resulted in increasingly autocorrelated data. Consequently, the question of which home range estimator to use on modern, highly autocorrelated tracking data remains open. This question is particularly relevant given that most estimators assume independently sampled data. Here, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of autocorrelation on home range estimation. We base our study on an extensive data set of GPS locations from 369 individuals representing 27 species distributed across five continents. We first assemble a broad array of home range estimators, including Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) with four bandwidth optimizers (Gaussian reference function, autocorrelated-Gaussian reference function [AKDE], Silverman's rule of thumb, and least squares cross-validation), Minimum Convex Polygon, and Local Convex Hull methods. Notably, all of these estimators except AKDE assume independent and identically distributed (IID) data. We then employ half-sample cross-validation to objectively quantify estimator performance, and the recently introduced effective sample size for home range area estimation ( N̂ area ) to quantify the information content of each data set. We found that AKDE 95\% area estimates were larger than conventional IID-based estimates by a mean factor of 2. The median number of cross-validated locations included in the hold-out sets by AKDE 95\% (or 50\%) estimates was 95.3\% (or 50.1\%), confirming the larger AKDE ranges were appropriately selective at the specified quantile. Conversely, conventional estimates exhibited negative bias that increased with decreasing N̂ area. To contextualize our empirical results, we performed a detailed simulation study to tease apart how sampling frequency, sampling duration, and the focal animal's movement conspire to affect range estimates. Paralleling our empirical results, the simulation study demonstrated that AKDE was generally more accurate than conventional methods, particularly for small N̂ area. While 72\% of the 369 empirical data sets had >1,000 total observations, only 4\% had an N̂ area >1,000, where 30\% had an N̂ area <30. In this frequently encountered scenario of small N̂ area, AKDE was the only estimator capable of producing an accurate home range estimate on autocorrelated data.}, language = {en} } @article{Hudson2018, author = {Hudson, Paul}, title = {A comparison of definitions of affordability for flood risk adaption measures}, series = {Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change : an international journal devoted to scientific, engineering, socio-economic and policy responses to environmental change}, volume = {23}, journal = {Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change : an international journal devoted to scientific, engineering, socio-economic and policy responses to environmental change}, number = {7}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1381-2386}, doi = {10.1007/s11027-017-9769-5}, pages = {1019 -- 1038}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Risk-based insurance is a commonly proposed and discussed flood risk adaptation mechanism in policy debates across the world such as in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. However, both risk-based premiums and growing risk pose increasing difficulties for insurance to remain affordable. An empirical concept of affordability is required as the affordability of adaption strategies is an important concern for policymakers, yet such a concept is not often examined. Therefore, a robust metric with a commonly acceptable affordability threshold is required. A robust metric allows for a previously normative concept to be quantified in monetary terms, and in this way, the metric is rendered more suitable for integration into public policy debates. This paper investigates the degree to which risk-based flood insurance premiums are unaffordable in Europe. In addition, this paper compares the outcomes generated by three different definitions of unaffordability in order to investigate the most robust definition. In doing so, the residual income definition was found to be the least sensitive to changes in the threshold. While this paper focuses on Europe, the selected definition can be employed elsewhere in the world and across adaption measures in order to develop a common metric for indicating the potential unaffordability problem.}, language = {en} } @article{LetoTrigilioOskinovaetal.2018, author = {Leto, Paolo and Trigilio, C. and Oskinova, Lida and Ignace, R. and Buemi, C. S. and Umana, G. and Ingallinera, A. and Leone, Francesco and Phillips, N. M. and Agliozzo, Claudia and Todt, Helge Tobias and Cerrigone, L.}, title = {A combined multiwavelength VLA/ALMA/Chandra study unveils the complex magnetosphere of the B-type star HR5907}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {476}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/sty244}, pages = {562 -- 579}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We present new radio/millimeter measurements of the hot magnetic star HR5907 obtained with the VLA and ALMA interferometers. We find that HR5907 is the most radio luminous early type star in the cm-mm band among those presently known. Its multi-wavelength radio light curves are strongly variable with an amplitude that increases with radio frequency. The radio emission can be explained by the populations of the non-thermal electrons accelerated in the current sheets on the outer border of the magnetosphere of this fast-rotating magnetic star. We classify HR5907 as another member of the growing class of strongly magnetic fast-rotating hot stars where the gyro-synchrotron emission mechanism efficiently operates in their magnetospheres. The new radio observations of HR5907 are combined with archival X-ray data to study the physical condition of its magnetosphere. The X-ray spectra of HR5907 show tentative evidence for the presence of non-thermal spectral component. We suggest that non-thermal X-rays originate a stellar X-ray aurora due to streams of non-thermal electrons impacting on the stellar surface. Taking advantage of the relation between the spectral indices of the X-ray power-law spectrum and the non-thermal electron energy distributions, we perform 3-D modelling of the radio emission for HR5907. The wavelength-dependent radio light curves probe magnetospheric layers at different heights above the stellar surface. A detailed comparison between simulated and observed radio light curves leads us to conclude that the stellar magnetic field of HR 5907 is likely non-dipolar, providing further indirect evidence of the complex magnetic field topology of HR5907.}, language = {en} } @article{VogelKamitzHallahanetal.2018, author = {Vogel, Heike and Kamitz, Anne and Hallahan, Nicole and Lebek, Sandra and Schallschmidt, Tanja and Jonas, Wenke and J{\"a}hnert, Markus and Gottmann, Pascal and Zellner, Lisa and Kanzleiter, Timo and Damen, Mareike and Altenhofen, Delsi and Burkhardt, Ralph and Renner, Simone and Dahlhoff, Maik and Wolf, Eckhard and M{\"u}ller, Timo Dirk and Bl{\"u}her, Matthias and Joost, Hans-Georg and Chadt, Alexandra and Al-Hasani, Hadi and Sch{\"u}rmann, Annette}, title = {A collective diabetes cross in combination with a computational framework to dissect the genetics of human obesity and Type 2 diabetes}, series = {Human molecular genetics}, volume = {27}, journal = {Human molecular genetics}, number = {17}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0964-6906}, doi = {10.1093/hmg/ddy217}, pages = {3099 -- 3112}, year = {2018}, abstract = {To explore the genetic determinants of obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) conducted crossbreedings of the obese and diabetes-prone New Zealand Obese mouse strain with four different lean strains (B6, DBA, C3H, 129P2) that vary in their susceptibility to develop T2D. Genome-wide linkage analyses localized more than 290 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for obesity, 190 QTL for diabetes-related traits and 100 QTL for plasma metabolites in the out-cross populations. A computational framework was developed that allowed to refine critical regions and to nominate a small number of candidate genes by integrating reciprocal haplotype mapping and transcriptome data. The efficiency of the complex procedure was demonstrated for one obesity QTL. The genomic interval of 35 Mb with 502 annotated candidate genes was narrowed down to six candidates. Accordingly, congenic mice retained the obesity phenotype owing to an interval that contains three of the six candidate genes. Among these the phospholipase PLA2G4A exhibited an elevated expression in adipose tissue of obese human subjects and is therefore a critical regulator of the obesity locus. Together, our broad and complex approach demonstrates that combined- and comparative-cross analysis exhibits improved mapping resolution and represents a valid tool for the identification of disease genes.}, language = {en} } @article{FiederWartenburgerAbdelRahman2018, author = {Fieder, Nora and Wartenburger, Isabell and Abdel Rahman, Rasha}, title = {A close call}, series = {Memory \& cognition}, volume = {47}, journal = {Memory \& cognition}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0090-502X}, doi = {10.3758/s13421-018-0856-y}, pages = {145 -- 168}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The present study investigated how lexical selection is influenced by the number of semantically related representations (semantic neighbourhood density) and their similarity (semantic distance) to the target in a speeded picture-naming task. Semantic neighbourhood density and similarity as continuous variables were used to assess lexical selection for which competitive and noncompetitive mechanisms have been proposed. Previous studies found mixed effects of semantic neighbourhood variables, leaving this issue unresolved. Here, we demonstrate interference of semantic neighbourhood similarity with less accurate naming responses and a higher likelihood of producing semantic errors and omissions over accurate responses for words with semantically more similar (closer) neighbours. No main effect of semantic neighbourhood density and no interaction between semantic neighbourhood density and similarity was found. We assessed further whether semantic neighbourhood density can affect naming performance if semantic neighbours exceed a certain degree of semantic similarity. Semantic similarity between the target and each neighbour was used to split semantic neighbourhood density into two different density variables: The number of semantically close neighbours versus distant neighbours. The results showed a significant effect of close, but not of distant, semantic neighbourhood density: Naming pictures of targets with more close semantic neighbours led to longer naming latencies, less accurate responses, and a higher likelihood for the production of semantic errors and omissions over accurate responses. The results show that word inherent semantic attributes such as semantic neighbourhood similarity and the number of coactivated close semantic neighbours modulate lexical selection supporting theories of competitive lexical processing.}, language = {en} } @article{RamiaramanantsoaRatnasingamShenaretal.2018, author = {Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina and Ratnasingam, Rathish and Shenar, Tomer and Moffat, Anthony F. J. and Rogers, Tamara M. and Popowicz, Adam and Kuschnig, Rainer and Pigulski, Andrzej and Handler, Gerald and Wade, Gregg A. and Zwintz, Konstanze and Weiss, Werner W.}, title = {A BRITE view on the massive O-type supergiant V973 Scorpii}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {480}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/sty1897}, pages = {972 -- 986}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Stochastically triggered photospheric light variations reaching similar to 40 mmag peak-to-valley amplitudes have been detected in the O8 Iaf supergiant V973 Scorpii as the outcome of 2 months of high-precision time-resolved photometric observations with the BRIght Target Explorer (BRITE) nanosatellites. The amplitude spectrum of the time series photometry exhibits a pronounced broad bump in the low-frequency regime (less than or similar to 0.9 d(-1)) where several prominent frequencies are detected. A time-frequency analysis of the observations reveals typical mode lifetimes of the order of 5-10 d. The overall features of the observed brightness amplitude spectrum of V973 Sco match well with those extrapolated from two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of convectively driven internal gravity waves randomly excited from deep in the convective cores of massive stars. An alternative or additional possible source of excitation from a sub-surface convection zone needs to be explored in future theoretical investigations.}, language = {en} } @article{Scianna2018, author = {Scianna, Bastian Matteo}, title = {A Blueprint for Successful Peacekeeping?}, series = {The international history review}, volume = {41}, journal = {The international history review}, number = {3}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0707-5332}, doi = {10.1080/07075332.2018.1431804}, pages = {650 -- 672}, year = {2018}, abstract = {On 6 June 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon to fight the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). Between August 1982 and February 1984, the US, France, Britain and Italy deployed a Multinational Force (MNF) to Beirut. Its task was to act as an interposition force to bolster the government and to bring peace to the people. The mission is often forgotten or merely remembered in context with the bombing of US Marines' barracks. However, an analysis of the Italian contingent shows that the MNF was not doomed to fail and could accomplish its task when operational and diplomatic efforts were coordinated. The Italian commander in Beirut, General Franco Angioni, followed a successful approach that sustained neutrality, respectful behaviour and minimal force, which resulted in a qualified success of the Italian efforts.}, language = {en} } @article{KlauschiesCoutinhoGaedke2018, author = {Klauschies, Toni and Coutinho, Renato Mendes and Gaedke, Ursula}, title = {A beta distribution-based moment closure enhances the reliability of trait-based aggregate models for natural populations and communities}, series = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, volume = {381}, journal = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0304-3800}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.02.001}, pages = {46 -- 77}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Ecological communities are complex adaptive systems that exhibit remarkable feedbacks between their biomass and trait dynamics. Trait-based aggregate models cope with this complexity by focusing on the temporal development of the community's aggregate properties such as its total biomass, mean trait and trait variance. They are based on particular assumptions about the shape of the underlying trait distribution, which is commonly assumed to be normal. However, ecologically important traits are usually restricted to a finite range, and empirical trait distributions are often skewed or multimodal. As a result, normal distribution-based aggregate models may fail to adequately represent the biomass and trait dynamics of natural communities. We resolve this mismatch by developing a new moment closure approach assuming the trait values to be beta-distributed. We show that the beta distribution captures important shape properties of both observed and simulated trait distributions, which cannot be captured by a Gaussian. We further demonstrate that a beta distribution-based moment closure can strongly enhance the reliability of trait-based aggregate models. We compare the biomass, mean trait and variance dynamics of a full trait distribution (FD) model to the ones of beta (BA) and normal (NA) distribution-based aggregate models, under different selection regimes. This way, we demonstrate under which general conditions (stabilizing, fluctuating or disruptive selection) different aggregate models are reliable tools. All three models predicted very similar biomass and trait dynamics under stabilizing selection yielding unimodal trait distributions with small standing trait variation. We also obtained an almost perfect match between the results of the FD and BA models under fluctuating selection, promoting skewed trait distributions and ongoing oscillations in the biomass and trait dynamics. In contrast, the NA model showed unrealistic trait dynamics and exhibited different alternative stable states, and thus a high sensitivity to initial conditions under fluctuating selection. Under disruptive selection, both aggregate models failed to reproduce the results of the FD model with the mean trait values remaining within their ecologically feasible ranges in the BA model but not in the NA model. Overall, a beta distribution-based moment closure strongly improved the realism of trait-based aggregate models.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhangHuangHuangetal.2018, author = {Zhang, Yang and Huang, Wentao and Huang, Baochun and van Hinsbergen, Douwe J. J. and Yang, Tao and Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume and Guo, Zhaojie}, title = {53-43Ma Deformation of Eastern Tibet Revealed by Three Stages of Tectonic Rotation in the Gongjue Basin}, series = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth}, volume = {123}, journal = {Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2169-9313}, doi = {10.1002/2018JB015443}, pages = {3320 -- 3338}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The Gongjue basin from the eastern Qiangtang terrane is located in the transition region where the regional structural lineation curves from east-west-oriented in Tibet to north-south-oriented in Yunnan. In this study, we sampled the red beds in the basin from the lower Gongjue to upper Ranmugou formations for the first time covering the entire stratigraphic profile. The stratigraphic ages are bracketed within 53-43Ma by new detrital zircon U-Pb ages constraining the maximum deposition age to 52.51.5Ma. Rock magnetic and petrographic studies indicate that detrital magnetite and hematite are the magnetic carriers. Positive reversals and fold tests demonstrate that the characteristic remanent magnetization has a primary origin. The Gongjue and Ranmugou formations yield mean characteristic remanent magnetization directions of D-s/I-s=31.0 degrees/21.3 degrees and D-s/I-s=15.9 degrees/22.0 degrees, respectively. The magnetic inclination of these characteristic remanent magnetizations is significantly shallowed compared to the expected inclination for the locality. However, the elongation/inclination correction method does not provide a meaningful correction, likely because of syn-depositional rotation. Rotations relative to the Eurasian apparent polar wander path occurred in three stages: Stage I, 33.33.4 degrees clockwise rotation during the deposition of the Gongjue and lower Ranmugou formations; Stage II, 26.93.7 degrees counterclockwise rotation during deposition of the lower and middle Ranmugou formation; and Stage III, 17.73.3 degrees clockwise rotation after 43Ma. The complex rotation history recorded in the basin is possibly linked to sinistral shear along the Qiangtang block during India indentation into Asia and the early stage of the extrusion of the northwestern Indochina blocks away from eastern Tibet.}, language = {en} } @article{SammoudNevillNegraetal.2018, author = {Sammoud, Senda and Nevill, Alan Michael and Negra, Yassine and Bouguezzi, Raja and Chaabene, Helmi and Hachana, Younes}, title = {100-m Breaststroke Swimming Performance in Youth Swimmers}, series = {Pediatric exercise science}, volume = {30}, journal = {Pediatric exercise science}, number = {3}, publisher = {Human Kinetics Publ.}, address = {Champaign}, issn = {0899-8493}, doi = {10.1123/pes.2017-0220}, pages = {393 -- 401}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This study aimed to estimate the optimal body size, limb segment length, and girth or breadth ratios of 100-m breaststroke performance in youth swimmers. In total, 59 swimmers [male: n= 39, age = 11.5 (1.3) y; female: n= 20, age = 12.0 (1.0) y] participated in this study. To identify size/shape characteristics associated with 100-m breaststroke swimming performance, we computed a multiplicative allometric log-linear regression model, which was refined using backward elimination. Results showed that the 100-m breaststroke performance revealed a significant negative association with fat mass and a significant positive association with the segment length ratio (arm ratio = hand length/forearm length) and limb girth ratio (girth ratio = forearm girth/wrist girth). In addition, leg length, biacromial breadth, and biiliocristal breadth revealed significant positive associations with the 100-m breaststroke performance. However, height and body mass did not contribute to the model, suggesting that the advantage of longer levers was limb-specific rather than a general whole-body advantage. In fact, it is only by adopting multiplicative allometric models that the previously mentioned ratios could have been derived. These results highlighted the importance of considering anthropometric characteristics of youth breaststroke swimmers for talent identification and/or athlete monitoring purposes. In addition, these findings may assist orienting swimmers to the appropriate stroke based on their anthropometric characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{Kosman2018, author = {Kosman, Admiʾel}, title = {"And the spirit of god hovered"}, series = {Nashim: A Journal of Jewish Women's Studies \& Gender Issues}, journal = {Nashim: A Journal of Jewish Women's Studies \& Gender Issues}, number = {33}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, address = {Bloomington}, issn = {0793-8934}, doi = {10.2979/nashim.33.1.01}, pages = {7 -- 19}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In this article the author proposes a new reading for the opening words of the Bible, "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. Now the earth was unformed and void ... ; and the spirit of God hovered over the water" (Gen. 1:1-2). This new reading is based on the connections drawn by Otto Eissfeldt between the Ugaritic literature and the Bible. God, according to this opening picture, connects intimately, empathetically, with the existing matter (the tehom) in dialogic address. It is from this relationship, which today we call "love," that all comes to be "born" from the material "womb" of the tehom. From this "big bang," all continues to be born.}, language = {en} }