@article{MenningGrasnickEwaldetal.2018, author = {Menning, Axel and Grasnick, Bastien M. and Ewald, Benedikt and Dobrigkeit, Franziska and Nicolai, Claudia}, title = {Verbal focus shifts}, series = {Design Studies}, volume = {57}, journal = {Design Studies}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0142-694X}, doi = {10.1016/j.destud.2018.03.003}, pages = {135 -- 155}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Previous studies on design behaviour indicate that focus shifts positively influence ideational productivity. In this study we want to take a closer look at how these focus shifts look on the verbal level. We describe a mutually influencing relationship between mental focus shifts and verbal low coherent statements. In a case study based on the DTRS11 dataset we identify 297 low coherent statements via a combined topic modelling and manual approach. We introduce a categorization of the different instances of low coherent statements. The results indicate that designers tend to shift topics within an existing design issue instead of completely disrupting it. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{StegenwallnerSchuetzAdani2020, author = {Stegenwallner-Sch{\"u}tz, Maja and Adani, Flavia}, title = {Production of referring expressions by children with ASD}, series = {Language acquisition : a journal of developmental linguistics}, volume = {27}, journal = {Language acquisition : a journal of developmental linguistics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1048-9223}, doi = {10.1080/10489223.2020.1769625}, pages = {276 -- 305}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This study examines the discourse basis for referent accessibility and its relation to the choice of referring expressions by children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and typically developing children. The aim is to delineate how the linguistic and extra-linguistic context affects referent accessibility to the speaker. The study also examines the degree to which accessibility effects are modulated by cognitive factors such as working memory capacity. In the study, the contrast levels between the referent and a competitor (one contrast/two contrasts) and the syntactic prominence of the referent (subject/object position in the preceding question) were manipulated in an elicited production task. The results provide evidence that the referring expressions of children with ASD correlate with the discourse status of referents to a similar extent as in typically developing controls. All children were more likely to refer with lexical NPs to referents that contrasted on two levels with a highly prominent competitor, compared to referents that contrasted on one level. They were also more likely to produce pronouns for referents previously mentioned in the subject than the object position. The effect of both discourse factors was modulated by the age and working memory capacity of the children with and without ASD. Accordingly, the study suggests that children with ASD do not generally differ from children with typical development in their referential choices when the discourse status of a referent allows them to model the referent's accessibility from their own discourse perspective in a way that is modulated by working memory capacity.}, language = {en} } @article{NagelKirschbaumEngelmannetal.2018, author = {Nagel, Rebecca and Kirschbaum, Frank and Engelmann, Jacob and Hofmann, Volker and Pawelzik, Felix and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {Male-mediated species recognition among African weakly electric fishes}, series = {Royal Society Open Science}, volume = {5}, journal = {Royal Society Open Science}, number = {2}, publisher = {Royal Society}, address = {London}, issn = {2054-5703}, doi = {10.1098/rsos.170443}, pages = {8}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Effective communication among sympatric species is often instrumental for behavioural isolation, where the failure to successfully discriminate between potential mates could lead to less fit hybrid offspring. Discrimination between con- and heterospecifics tends to occur more often in the sex that invests more in offspring production, i.e. females, but males may also mediate reproductive isolation. In this study, we show that among two Campylomormyrus Africanweakly electric fish species, males preferentially associate with conspecific females during choice tests using live fish as stimuli, i.e. when all sensory modalities potentially used for communication were present. We then conducted playback experiments to determine whether the species-specific electric organ discharge (EOD) used for electrocommunication serves as the cue for this conspecific association preference. Interestingly, only C. compressirostris males associated significantly more with the conspecific EOD waveform when playback stimuli were provided, while no such association preference was observed in C. tamandua males. Given our results, the EOD appears to serve, in part, as a male-mediated pre-zygotic isolation mechanism among sympatric species. However, the failure of C. tamandua males to discriminate between con- and heterospecific playback discharges suggests that multiple modalities may be necessary for species recognition in some African weakly electric fish species.}, language = {en} } @article{AndresBruttelFriedrichsen2022, author = {Andres, Maximilian and Bruttel, Lisa and Friedrichsen, Jana}, title = {How communication makes the difference between a cartel and tacit collusion}, series = {European economic review}, volume = {152}, journal = {European economic review}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0014-2921}, doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2022.104331}, pages = {1 -- 18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This paper sheds new light on the role of communication for cartel formation. Using machine learning to evaluate free-form chat communication among firms in a laboratory experiment, we identify typical communication patterns for both explicit cartel formation and indirect attempts to collude tacitly. We document that firms are less likely to communicate explicitly about price fixing and more likely to use indirect messages when sanctioning institutions are present. This effect of sanctions on communication reinforces the direct cartel-deterring effect of sanctions as collusion is more difficult to reach and sustain without an explicit agreement. Indirect messages have no, or even a negative, effect on prices.}, language = {en} } @article{BruttelStolley2020, author = {Bruttel, Lisa Verena and Stolley, Florian}, title = {Getting a yes}, series = {Journal of behavioral and experimental economics}, volume = {86}, journal = {Journal of behavioral and experimental economics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {2214-8043}, doi = {10.1016/j.socec.2020.101550}, pages = {10}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This paper studies how the request for a favor has to be devised in order to maximize its chance of success. We present results from a mini-dictator game, in which the recipient can send a free-form text message to the dictator before the latter decides. We find that putting effort into the message, writing in a humorous way and mentioning reasons why the money is needed pays off. Additionally, we find differences in the behavior of male and female dictators. Only men react positively to efficiency arguments, while only women react to messages that emphasize the dictators power and responsibility.}, language = {en} }