@article{LauterbachBurkartGemeinholzer2012, author = {Lauterbach, Daniel and Burkart, Michael and Gemeinholzer, Birgit}, title = {Rapid genetic differentiation between ex situ and their in situ source populations - an example of the endangered Silene otites (Caryophyllaceae)}, series = {Botanical journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {168}, journal = {Botanical journal of the Linnean Society}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0024-4074}, doi = {10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01185.x}, pages = {64 -- 75}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Ex situ cultivation in botanic gardens could be one possibility to preserve plant species diversity and genetic variation. However, old ex situ populations are often sparsely documented. We were able to retrieve three different ex situ populations and their source in situ populations of the endangered plant species Silene otites after 20-36 years of isolation. Furthermore, three additional wild populations were included in the analysis. Population genetic diversity and differentiation were analysed using AFLP markers. Genetic variation in the ex situ populations was lower than the variation found in the in situ populations. Strong differentiation (F-ST = 0.21-0.36) between corresponding in situ and ex situ populations was observed. Bayesian clustering approach also showed a distinct genetic separation between in situ and ex situ populations. The high genetic differentiation and loss of genetic diversity during spatial and temporal isolation in the ex situ populations can be attributable to small population sizes and unconscious selection during cultivation. Therefore, adequate sampling prior to ex situ cultivation and large effective population sizes are important to preserve genetic diversity. Near-natural cultivation allowing for generation overlap and interspecific competition without artificial selection is recommended as being best for the maintenance of the genetic constitution.}, language = {en} } @article{KernHellebrandGoemmeletal.2012, author = {Kern, J{\"u}rgen and Hellebrand, Hans J{\"u}rgen and G{\"o}mmel, Michael and Ammon, Christian and Berg, Werner}, title = {Effects of climatic factors and soil management on the methane flux in soils from annual and perennial energy crops}, series = {Biology and fertility of soils}, volume = {48}, journal = {Biology and fertility of soils}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0178-2762}, doi = {10.1007/s00374-011-0603-z}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Methane flux rates were measured on a loamy sand soil within perennial and annual energy crops in northeast Germany. The study was performed in closed chambers between 2003 and 2005 with four measurements per week. A mixed linear model including the fixed effects of year, rotation period, crop and fertilisation was applied to determine the influence of climatic factors and soil management on the CH4 flux. Soil water content and air temperature were added as co-variables. With the exception of air temperature, all fixed effects and the co-variable soil water content influenced the CH4 flux. The soil of annual crops consumed 6.1 mu g CH4 m(-2) h(-1), significantly more than the soil of perennial crops with 4.3 mu g CH4 m(-2) h(-1). It is suggested that soil water content plays the key role in CH4 flux between pedosphere and atmosphere. In the range of water contents between 5\% and 15\%, our model describes that a soil water content increase of 1\% induces a net emission of 0.375 mu g CH4 m(-2) h(-1). As the soil of the experimental field was well-drained and aerobic, it represented a net sink for CH4 throughout the study period.}, language = {en} } @article{KhurooReshiMaliketal.2012, author = {Khuroo, Anzar A. and Reshi, Zafar A. and Malik, Akhtar H. and Weber, Ewald and Rashid, Irfan and Dar, G. H.}, title = {Alien flora of India taxonomic composition, invasion status and biogeographic affiliations}, series = {Biological invasions : unique international journal uniting scientists in the broad field of biological invasions}, volume = {14}, journal = {Biological invasions : unique international journal uniting scientists in the broad field of biological invasions}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1387-3547}, doi = {10.1007/s10530-011-9981-2}, pages = {99 -- 113}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The wide knowledge gaps in invasion biology research that exist in the developing world are crucial impediments to the scientific management and global policymaking on biological invasions. In an effort to fill such knowledge gaps, we present here an inventory of the alien flora of India, based on systematic reviews and rigorous analyses of research studies (ca. 190) published over the last 120 years (1890-2010 AD), and updated with field records of the last two decades. Currently, the inventory comprises of 1,599 species, belonging to 842 genera in 161 families, and constitutes 8.5\% of the total Indian vascular flora. The three most species-rich families are Asteraceae (134 spp.), Papilionaceae (114 spp.) and Poaceae (106 spp.), and the three largest genera are Eucalyptus (25 spp.), Ipomoea (22 spp.), and Senna (21 spp.). The majority of these species (812) have no report of escaping from cultivation. Of the remaining subset of 787 species, which have either escaped from intentional cultivation, or spread after unintentional introduction, casuals are represented by 57 spp., casual/naturalised by 114 spp., naturalised by 257 spp., naturalised/invasive by 134 spp., and invasive by 225 spp. Biogeographically, more than one-third (35\%) of the alien flora in India has its native ranges in South America, followed by Asia (21\%), Africa (20\%), Europe (11\%), Australia (8\%), North America (4\%); and cryptogenic (1\%). The inventory is expected to serve as the scientific baseline on plant invasions in India, with implications for conservation of global biodiversity.}, language = {en} } @article{YarmanGroebeNeumannetal.2012, author = {Yarman, Aysu and Gr{\"o}be, Glenn and Neumann, Bettina and Kinne, Mathias and Gajovic-Eichelmann, Nenad and Wollenberger, Ursula and Hofrichter, Martin and Ullrich, Rene and Scheibner, Katrin and Scheller, Frieder W.}, title = {The aromatic peroxygenase from Marasmius rutola-a new enzyme for biosensor applications}, series = {Analytical \& bioanalytical chemistry}, volume = {402}, journal = {Analytical \& bioanalytical chemistry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1618-2642}, doi = {10.1007/s00216-011-5497-y}, pages = {405 -- 412}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The aromatic peroxygenase (APO; EC 1.11.2.1) from the agraric basidomycete Marasmius rotula (MroAPO) immobilized at the chitosan-capped gold-nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrode displayed a pair of redox peaks with a midpoint potential of -278.5 mV vs. AgCl/AgCl (1 M KCl) for the Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) redox couple of the heme-thiolate-containing protein. MroAPO oxidizes aromatic substrates such as aniline, p-aminophenol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, catechol, and paracetamol by means of hydrogen peroxide. The substrate spectrum overlaps with those of cytochrome P450s and plant peroxidases which are relevant in environmental analysis and drug monitoring. In M. rotula peroxygenase-based enzyme electrodes, the signal is generated by the reduction of electrode-active reaction products (e.g., p-benzoquinone and p-quinoneimine) with electro-enzymatic recycling of the analyte. In these enzyme electrodes, the signal reflects the conversion of all substrates thus representing an overall parameter in complex media. The performance of these sensors and their further development are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{TuerkeAndreasGossneretal.2012, author = {T{\"u}rke, Manfred and Andreas, Kerstin and Gossner, Martin M. and Kowalski, Esther and Lange, Markus and Boch, Steffen and Socher, Stephanie A. and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg and Prati, Daniel and Fischer, Markus and Meyh{\"o}fer, Rainer and Weisser, Wolfgang W.}, title = {Are gastropods, rather than ants, important dispersers of seeds of myrmecochorous forest herbs?}, series = {The American naturalist : a bi-monthly journal devoted to the advancement and correlation of the biological sciences}, volume = {179}, journal = {The American naturalist : a bi-monthly journal devoted to the advancement and correlation of the biological sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {Univ. of Chicago Press}, address = {Chicago}, issn = {0003-0147}, doi = {10.1086/663195}, pages = {124 -- 131}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Seed dispersal by ants (myrmecochory) is widespread, and seed adaptations to myrmecochory are common, especially in the form of fatty appendices (elaiosomes). In a recent study, slugs were identified as seed dispersers of myrmecochores in a central European beech forest. Here we used 105 beech forest sites to test whether myrmecochore presence and abundance is related to ant or gastropod abundance and whether experimentally exposed seeds are removed by gastropods. Myrmecochorous plant cover was positively related to gastropod abundance but was negatively related to ant abundance. Gastropods were responsible for most seed removal and elaiosome damage, whereas insects (and rodents) played minor roles. These gastropod effects on seeds were independent of region or forest management. We suggest that terrestrial gastropods can generally act as seed dispersers of myrmecochorous plants and even substitute myrmecochory, especially where ants are absent or uncommon.}, language = {en} } @article{StreblowSchiefeleRiedel2012, author = {Streblow, Lilian and Schiefele, Ulrich and Riedel, Stefanie}, title = {Evaluation of the Revised Reading Competence and Reading Motivation Training (LEKOLEMO) for the lower secondary school level}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Entwicklungspsychologie und p{\"a}dagogische Psychologie}, volume = {44}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Entwicklungspsychologie und p{\"a}dagogische Psychologie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {0049-8637}, doi = {10.1026/0049-8637/a000058}, pages = {12 -- 26}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Inspired by the results from the PISA study and based on previous intervention programs, the reading competence training LEKOLEMO (Program for Fostering Reading Literacy and Reading Motivation) for 7th-grade students was developed. The training differs from existing programs in two aspects: (1) It comprises tasks pertaining to the PISA reading dimensions retrieving information, text-related interpretation, and reflection and evaluation, and (2) explicitly aims at fostering reading motivation. The present study examined the revised version of LEKOLEMO in a sample of 235 seventh graders. The results confirmed the effectiveness of LEKOLEMO and showed significant effects of medium size on reading competence at the follow-up test. However, effects on intrinsic reading motivation and on self-concept of reading were small and unstable.}, language = {de} } @article{MahnkenBrunersGuentheretal.2012, author = {Mahnken, A. H. and Bruners, P. and Guenther, R. W. and Rasche, Christoph}, title = {Process-oriented cost calculation in interventional radiology}, series = {Der Radiologe : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Radioonkologie, Nuklearmedizin}, volume = {52}, journal = {Der Radiologe : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Radioonkologie, Nuklearmedizin}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0033-832X}, doi = {10.1007/s00117-011-2223-x}, pages = {74 -- 80}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Currently used costing methods such as cost centre accounting do not sufficiently reflect the process-based resource utilization in medicine. The goal of this study was to establish a process-oriented cost assessment of percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation of liver and lung metastases. In each of 15 patients a detailed task analysis of the primary process of hepatic and pulmonary RF ablation was performed. Based on these data a dedicated cost calculation model was developed for each primary process. The costs of each process were computed and compared with the revenue for in-patients according to the German diagnosis-related groups (DRG) system 2010. The RF ablation of liver metastases in patients without relevant comorbidities and a low patient complexity level results in a loss of EUR 588.44, whereas the treatment of patients with a higher complexity level yields an acceptable profit. The treatment of pulmonary metastases is profitable even in cases of additional expenses due to complications. Process-oriented costing provides relevant information that is needed for understanding the economic impact of treatment decisions. It is well suited as a starting point for economically driven process optimization and reengineering. Under the terms of the German DRG 2010 system percutaneous RF ablation of lung metastases is economically reasonable, while RF ablation of liver metastases in cases of low patient complexity levels does not cover the costs.}, language = {de} } @article{VukicevicSchwadtkeSchmueckeretal.2012, author = {Vukicevic, Radovan and Schwadtke, Ulrike and Schmuecker, Simon and Schaefer, Philipp and Kuckling, Dirk and Beuermann, Sabine}, title = {Alkyne-azide coupling of tailored poly(vinylidene fluoride) and polystyrene for the synthesis of block copolymers}, series = {Polymer Chemistry}, volume = {3}, journal = {Polymer Chemistry}, number = {2}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1759-9954}, doi = {10.1039/c1py00427a}, pages = {409 -- 414}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The synthesis of block copolymers consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and polystyrene (PS) is reported. Firstly, a propargyl-functionalized alkoxyamine initiator (PgOTIPNO) was prepared and subsequently used for the preparation of a propargyl-terminated PS homopolymer of different chain lengths with low dispersities via nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization. A tailored PVDF homopolymer with iodine end groups originating from iodine transfer polymerization was transformed to PVDF with azide end group. Then, alkyne-terminated PS with different molecular weights and azide-terminated PVDF were joined together via copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide coupling. The block copolymers were characterized using H-1-NMR, F-19-NMR, IR, SEC, and DSC.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissLiWischerhoffetal.2012, author = {Weiss, Jan and Li, Ang and Wischerhoff, Erik and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Water-soluble random and alternating copolymers of styrene monomers with adjustable lower critical solution temperature}, series = {Polymer Chemistry}, volume = {3}, journal = {Polymer Chemistry}, number = {2}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1759-9954}, doi = {10.1039/c1py00422k}, pages = {352 -- 361}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Random copolymers of 4-vinylbenzyl tri(oxyethylene) and tetra(oxyethylene) ethers, as well as alternating copolymers of 4-vinylbenzyl methoxytetra(oxyethylene) ether and a series of N-substituted maleimides, were synthesised by conventional free radical polymerisation, reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP). Their thermosensitive behaviour in aqueous solution was studied by turbidimetry and dynamic light scattering. Depending on the copolymer composition, a LCST type phase transition was observed in water. The transition temperature of the obtained random as well as alternating copolymers could be varied within a broad temperature window. In the case of the random copolymers, transition temperatures could be easily fine-tuned, as they showed a linear dependence on the copolymer composition, and were additionally modified by the nature of the polymer end-groups. Alternating copolymers were extremely versatile for implementing a broad range of variations of the phase transition temperatures. Further, while alternating copolymers derived from 4-vinylbenzyl methoxytetra(oxyethylene) ether and maleimides with small hydrophobic side chains underwent macroscopic phase separation when dissolved in water and heated above their cloud point, the incorporation of maleimides bearing larger hydrophobic substituents resulted in the formation of mesoglobules above the phase transition temperature, with hydrodynamic diameters of less than 100 nm.}, language = {en} } @article{HeuerSagahtiJechowetal.2012, author = {Heuer, Axel and Sagahti, A. and Jechow, Andreas and Skoczowsky, D. and Menzel, Ralf}, title = {Multi-wavelength, high spatial brightness operation of a phase-locked stripe-array diode laser}, series = {Laser physics}, volume = {22}, journal = {Laser physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Pleiades Publ.}, address = {New York}, issn = {1054-660X}, doi = {10.1134/S1054660X12010057}, pages = {160 -- 164}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Stable continuous wave multi-wavelength operation of a stripe-array diode laser with an externalcavity spectral beam combining geometry is presented. In this setup each emitter of the stripe-array is forced to operate at a different wavelength, which leads to a decoupling between the usually phase-locked emitters. With a reflective diffraction grating with a period of 300 lines per mm, 33 equidistant laser lines around a center wavelength of 978 nm were realized, spanning a spectral range of 26 nm. With this novel approach near-diffraction limited emission with a beam quality of M (2) < 1.2 and an output power of 450 mW was achieved. This laser light source can be used for applications requiring low temporal but high spatial coherence.}, language = {en} } @article{ZiegeHennigeSchulzMueckschetal.2012, author = {Ziege, Madlen and Hennige-Schulz, Carmen and Muecksch, Frauke and Bierbach, David and Tiedemann, Ralph and Streit, Bruno and Plath, Martin}, title = {A comparison of two methods to assess audience-induced changes in male mate choice}, series = {Current zoology}, volume = {58}, journal = {Current zoology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Current Zoology}, address = {Beijing}, issn = {1674-5507}, pages = {84 -- 94}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Multidirectional communicative interactions in social networks can have a profound effect on mate choice behavior. Male Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana exhibit weaker mating preferences when an audience male is presented. This could be a male strategy to reduce sperm competition risk: interacting more equally with different females may be advantageous because rivals might copy mate choice decisions. In line with this hypothesis, a previous study found males to show a strong audience effect when being observed while exercising mate choice, but not when the rival was presented only before the choice tests. Audience effects on mate choice decisions have been quantified in poeciliid fishes using association preference designs, but it remains unknown if patterns found from measuring association times translate into actual mating behavior. Thus, we created five audience treatments simulating different forms of perceived sperm competition risk and determined focal males' mating preferences by scoring pre-mating (nipping) and mating behavior (gonopodial thrusting). Nipping did not reflect the pattern that was found when association preferences were measured, while a very similar pattern was uncovered in thrusting behavior. The strongest response was observed when the audience could eavesdrop on the focal male's behavior. A reduction in the strength of focal males' preferences was also seen after the rival male had an opportunity to mate with the focal male's preferred mate. In comparison, the reduction of mating preferences in response to an audience was greater when measuring association times than actual mating behavior. While measuring direct sexual interactions between the focal male and both stimulus females not only the male's motivational state is reflected but also females' behavior such as avoidance of male sexual harassment.}, language = {en} } @article{FuerstLevermann2012, author = {F{\"u}rst, Johannes J. and Levermann, Anders}, title = {A minimal model for wind- and mixing-driven overturning threshold behavior for both driving mechanisms}, series = {Climate dynamics : observational, theoretical and computational research on the climate system}, volume = {38}, journal = {Climate dynamics : observational, theoretical and computational research on the climate system}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0930-7575}, doi = {10.1007/s00382-011-1003-7}, pages = {239 -- 260}, year = {2012}, abstract = {We present a minimal conceptual model for the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation which incorporates the advection of salinity and the basic dynamics of the oceanic pycnocline. Four tracer transport processes following Gnanadesikan in Science 283(5410):2077-2079, (1999) allow for a dynamical adjustment of the oceanic pycnocline which defines the vertical extent of a mid-latitudinal box. At the same time the model captures the salt-advection feedback (Stommel in Tellus 13(2):224-230, (1961)). Due to its simplicity the model can be solved analytically in the purely wind- and purely mixing-driven cases. We find the possibility of abrupt transition in response to surface freshwater forcing in both cases even though the circulations are very different in physics and geometry. This analytical approach also provides expressions for the critical freshwater input marking the change in the dynamics of the system. Our analysis shows that including the pycnocline dynamics in a salt-advection model causes a decrease in the freshwater sensitivity of its northern sinking up to a threshold at which the circulation breaks down. Compared to previous studies the model is restricted to the essential ingredients. Still, it exhibits a rich behavior which reaches beyond the scope of this study and might be used as a paradigm for the qualitative behaviour of the Atlantic overturning in the discussion of driving mechanisms.}, language = {en} } @article{RothweilerChillaClahsen2012, author = {Rothweiler, Monika and Chilla, Solveig and Clahsen, Harald}, title = {Subject-verb agreement in specific language impairment}, series = {Bilingualism : language and cognition.}, volume = {15}, journal = {Bilingualism : language and cognition.}, number = {1}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {1366-7289}, doi = {10.1017/S136672891100037X}, pages = {39 -- 57}, year = {2012}, abstract = {This study investigates phenomena that have been claimed to be indicative of Specific Language Impairment (SLI) in German, focusing on subject-verb agreement marking. Longitudinal data from fourteen German-speaking children with SLI, seven monolingual and seven Turkish-German successive bilingual children, were examined. We found similar patterns of impairment in the two participant groups. Both the monolingual and the bilingual children with SLI had correct (present vs. preterit) tense marking and produced syntactically complex sentences such as embedded clauses and wh-questions, but were limited in reliably producing correct agreement-marked verb forms. These contrasts indicate that agreement marking is impaired in German-speaking children with SLI, without any necessary concurrent deficits in either the CP-domain or in tense marking. Our results also show that it is possible to identify SLI from an early successive bilingual child's performance in one of her two languages.}, language = {en} } @article{LippoldEidnerKumkeetal.2012, author = {Lippold, Holger and Eidner, Sascha and Kumke, Michael Uwe and Lippmann-Pipke, Johanna}, title = {Diffusion, degradation or on-site stabilisation - identifying causes of kinetic processes involved in metal-humate complexation}, series = {Applied geochemistry : journal of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry}, volume = {27}, journal = {Applied geochemistry : journal of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0883-2927}, doi = {10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.11.001}, pages = {250 -- 256}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The applicability of equilibrium models for humic-bound transport of toxic or radioactive metals is affected by kinetic processes leading to an increasing inertness of metal-humic complexes. The chemical background is not yet understood. It is widely believed that bound metals undergo an in-diffusion process within the humic colloids, changing from weaker to stronger binding sites. This work is focussed on the competition effect of Al(III) on complexation of Tb(III) or Eu(III) as analogues of trivalent actinides. By using ion exchange and spectroscopic methods, their bound fractions were determined for solutions of Al and humic acid that had been pre-equilibrated for different periods of time. Whilst the amount of bound Al remained unchanged, its blocking effect was found to increase over a time frame of 2 days, which corresponds to the kinetics of the increase in complex inertness reported in most pertinent studies. Thus, the derived "diffusion theory'' turned out to be inapplicable, since it cannot explain an increase in competition for the "initial'' sites. A delayed degradation of polynuclear species (as found for Fe) does not occur. Consequently, the temporal changes must be based on structural rearrangements in the vicinity of bound Al, complicating the exchange or access. Time-dependent studies by laser fluorescence spectroscopy (steady-state and time-resolved) yielded evidence of substantial alterations, which were, however, immediately induced and did not show any significant trend on the time scale of interest, suggesting that the stabilisation process is based on comparatively moderate changes.}, language = {en} } @article{Reich2012, author = {Reich, Sebastian}, title = {A Gaussian-mixture ensemble transform filter}, series = {Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society}, volume = {138}, journal = {Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society}, number = {662}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Malden}, issn = {0035-9009}, doi = {10.1002/qj.898}, pages = {222 -- 233}, year = {2012}, abstract = {We generalize the popular ensemble Kalman filter to an ensemble transform filter, in which the prior distribution can take the form of a Gaussian mixture or a Gaussian kernel density estimator. The design of the filter is based on a continuous formulation of the Bayesian filter analysis step. We call the new filter algorithm the ensemble Gaussian-mixture filter (EGMF). The EGMF is implemented for three simple test problems (Brownian dynamics in one dimension, Langevin dynamics in two dimensions and the three-dimensional Lorenz-63 model). It is demonstrated that the EGMF is capable of tracking systems with non-Gaussian uni- and multimodal ensemble distributions.}, language = {en} } @article{WinckRianoPachonSommeretal.2012, author = {Winck, Flavia V. and Riano-Pachon, Diego M. and Sommer, Frederik and Rupprecht, Jens and M{\"u}ller-R{\"o}ber, Bernd}, title = {The nuclear proteome of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}, series = {Proteomics}, volume = {12}, journal = {Proteomics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Malden}, issn = {1615-9853}, doi = {10.1002/pmic.201000782}, pages = {95 -- 100}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Nuclear proteins play a central role in regulating gene expression. Their identification is important for understanding how the nuclear repertoire changes over time under different conditions. Nuclear proteins are often underrepresented in proteomic studies due to the frequently low abundance of proteins involved in regulatory processes. So far, only few studies describing the nuclear proteome of plant species have been published. Recently, the genome sequence of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been obtained and annotated, allowing the development of further detailed studies for this organism. However, a detailed description of its nuclear proteome has not been reported so far. Here, we present an analysis of the nuclear proteome of the sequenced Chlamydomonas strain cc503. Using LC-MS/MS, we identified 672 proteins from nuclei isolates with a maximum 1\% peptide spectrum false discovery rate. Besides well-known proteins (e.g. histones), transcription factors and other transcriptional regulators (e.g. tubby and HMG) were identified. The presence of protein motifs in nuclear proteins was investigated by computational tools, and specific over-represented protein motifs were identified. This study provides new insights into the complexity of the nuclear environment and reveals novel putative protein targets for further studies of nuclear mechanisms.}, language = {en} } @article{WangKoehlerCaoetal.2012, author = {Wang, Wei-Hong and K{\"o}hler, Barbara and Cao, Feng-Qiu and Liu, Guo-Wei and Gong, Yuan-Yong and Sheng, Song and Song, Qi-Chao and Cheng, Xiao-Yuan and Garnett, Trevor and Okamoto, Mamoru and Qin, Rui and M{\"u}ller-R{\"o}ber, Bernd and Tester, Mark and Liu, Lai-Hua}, title = {Rice DUR3 mediates high-affinity urea transport and plays an effective role in improvement of urea acquisition and utilization when expressed in Arabidopsis}, series = {New phytologist : international journal of plant science}, volume = {193}, journal = {New phytologist : international journal of plant science}, number = {2}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Malden}, issn = {0028-646X}, doi = {10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03929.x}, pages = {432 -- 444}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Despite the great agricultural and ecological importance of efficient use of urea-containing nitrogen fertilizers by crops, molecular and physiological identities of urea transport in higher plants have been investigated only in Arabidopsis. We performed short-time urea-influx assays which have identified a low-affinity and high-affinity (Km of 7.55 mu M) transport system for urea-uptake by rice roots (Oryza sativa). A high-affinity urea transporter OsDUR3 from rice was functionally characterized here for the first time among crops. OsDUR3 encodes an integral membrane-protein with 721 amino acid residues and 15 predicted transmembrane domains. Heterologous expression demonstrated that OsDUR3 restored yeast dur3-mutant growth on urea and facilitated urea import with a Km of c. 10 mu M in Xenopus oocytes. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis revealed upregulation of OsDUR3 in rice roots under nitrogen-deficiency and urea-resupply after nitrogen-starvation. Importantly, overexpression of OsDUR3 complemented the Arabidopsis atdur3-1 mutant, improving growth on low urea and increasing root urea-uptake markedly. Together with its plasma membrane localization detected by green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagging and with findings that disruption of OsDUR3 by T-DNA reduces rice growth on urea and urea uptake, we suggest that OsDUR3 is an active urea transporter that plays a significant role in effective urea acquisition and utilisation in rice.}, language = {en} } @article{ShainyanSuslovaKleinpeter2012, author = {Shainyan, Bagrat A. and Suslova, Elena N. and Kleinpeter, Erich}, title = {Conformational analysis of 4,4-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4-azasilinane and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4,2,6-oxazadisilinane}, series = {Journal of physical organic chemistry}, volume = {25}, journal = {Journal of physical organic chemistry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0894-3230}, doi = {10.1002/poc.1882}, pages = {83 -- 90}, year = {2012}, abstract = {4,4-Dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4-azasilinane 1 and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,4,2,6-oxazadisilinane 2 were studied by variable temperature dynamic 1H, 13C, 19F NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT (density functional theory) and MP2 (Moller-Plesset 2) levels of theory. Both kinetic (barriers to ring inversion) and thermodynamic data (frozen conformational equilibria) could be obtained for the two compounds. The computations revealed two minima on the potential energy surface for molecules 1 and 2 corresponding to the rotamers with the CF3SO2 group directed inward and outward the ring, the latter being 0.20.4 kcal/mol (for 1) and 1.1 kcal/mol (for 2) more stable than the former. The vibrational calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory give the values of the free energy difference Delta G degrees for the 'inward' reversible arrow 'outward' equilibrium consistent with those determined from the experimentally measured ratio of the rotamers. The structure of crystalline compound 2 was ascertained by X-ray diffraction analysis.}, language = {en} } @article{AkalCandanKoralayetal.2012, author = {Akal, C{\"u}neyt and Candan, Osman and Koralay, O. Ersin and Oberh{\"a}nsli, Roland and Chen, Fukun and Prelevic, Dejan}, title = {Early Triassic potassic volcanism in the Afyon Zone of the Anatolides/Turkey - implications for the rifting of the Neo-Tethys}, series = {International journal of earth sciences}, volume = {101}, journal = {International journal of earth sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {1437-3254}, doi = {10.1007/s00531-011-0654-2}, pages = {177 -- 194}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Afyon Zone, which was derived from the Anatolide-Tauride platform during closure of the Neo-Tethys, is made up of pre-Mesozoic basement and unconformably overlying Triassic-Early Tertiary cover series. The Afyon Zone contains widespread metavolcanic rocks, which are dominated by rhyolite, dacite, and trachyandesite. They form a distinct volcanic succession, which is separated from the underlying Silurian-Lower Carboniferous metacarbonates and meta-siliciclastics by a regional unconformity. Trachyandesitic metavolcanics are made up of massive lava flows, pyroclastics and epiclastics, less frequently, domes and dikes, which were developed on a deeply eroded subaerial landmass. U/Pb and Pb/Pb zircon geochronology yielded Lower Triassic (similar to 250 Ma) ages, which are interpreted as extrusion age of trachyandesitic volcanics. Based on the stratigraphic, geochronological, and geochemical data, we suggest that these Lower Triassic magmatic rocks represent an extensional tectonic setting on the northern active margin of the Gondwana, which led to the development of the northern branch of the Neo-Tethys.}, language = {en} } @article{CosentinoSchildgenCipollarietal.2012, author = {Cosentino, Domenico and Schildgen, Taylor F. and Cipollari, Paola and Faranda, Costanza and Gliozzi, Elsa and Hudackova, Natalia and Lucifora, Stella and Strecker, Manfred}, title = {Late Miocene surface uplift of the southern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau, Central Taurides, Turkey}, series = {Geological Society of America bulletin}, volume = {124}, journal = {Geological Society of America bulletin}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Boulder}, issn = {0016-7606}, doi = {10.1130/B30466.1}, pages = {133 -- 145}, year = {2012}, abstract = {The timing and pattern of surface uplift of Miocene marine sediments capping the southern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau in southern Turkey provide a first-order constraint on possible mechanisms of regional uplift. Nannofossil, ostracod, and planktic foraminifera biostratigraphy of the Basyayla section (Mut-Ermenek Basin) within the Mut and Kfiselerli Formations suggests a Tortonian age for marine sediments unconformably capping basement rocks at 2 km elevation. The identification of biozone MMi 12a (7.81-8.35 Ma) from planktic foraminifera in the upper part of the section provides the tightest constraint on the age, which is further limited to 8.35-8.108 Ma as a result of the reverse polarity of the collected samples (chron 4r.1 r or 4r.2r). This provides a limiting age for the onset of surface uplift at the margin of one of the world's major orogenic plateaus, from which an average uplift rate of 0.24-0.25 mm/yr can be calculated. Subhorizontal beds of the uppermost marine sediments exposed throughout the Mut-Ermenek Basin suggest minimal localized deformation, with just minor faulting at the basin margin and broad antiformal deformation across the basin. This implies that the post-8 Ma uplift mechanism must be rooted deep within the crust or in the upper mantle. Published Pn-wave velocity data for the region are compatible with topography compensated by asthenosphere across the southern margin of the plateau, showing a close match to the highest topography when elevations are filtered with a 100-km-wide smoothing window. Uplift along the southern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau is also reflected by the pattern of Miocene marine sediments capping the margin, which form an asymmetric drape fold over the topography. These observations, together with tomographic evidence for slab steepening and break-off beneath the Eastern Anatolian Plateau, suggest that at least some of the 2 km of post-8 Ma uplift of the southern Central Anatolian Plateau margin is compensated by low-density asthenospheric mantle that upwelled following slab break-off.}, language = {en} }