@article{Heinzel2022, author = {Heinzel, Mirko Noa}, title = {International bureaucrats and organizational performance}, series = {International Studies Quarterly}, volume = {66}, journal = {International Studies Quarterly}, number = {2}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0020-8833}, doi = {10.1093/isq/sqac013}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {International organizations (IOs) try to incorporate policy-specific best practices and country-specific knowledge to increase well-informed decision-making. However, the relative contribution of the two kinds of knowledge to organizational performance is insufficiently understood. The article addresses this gap by focusing on the role of staff in World Bank performance. It posits that country-specific knowledge, sectoral knowledge, and their combination positively contribute to World Bank projects. The argument is tested drawing on a novel database on the tenure, nationality, and educational background of World Bank Task Team Leaders. Three findings stand out. First, country-specific knowledge seems to matter on average, while sectoral knowledge does not. Second, there is some evidence that staff that combine both kinds of knowledge are empowered to make more positive contributions to performance. Third, the diversity and relevance of experience, not length of tenure, are associated with more success. The findings contribute to discussions on international bureaucracies by highlighting how differences between the knowledge of individual staff shape their decision-making and performance. IOs could better tap into the existing resources in their bureaucracies to enhance their performance by rotating staff less frequently between duty stations.}, language = {en} } @article{OrlandPadubrin2022, author = {Orland, Andreas and Padubrin, Max}, title = {Is there a gender hiring gap in academic economics? Evidence from a network analysis}, series = {Royal Society Open Science}, volume = {9}, journal = {Royal Society Open Science}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Royal Society of London}, address = {London}, issn = {2054-5703}, doi = {10.1098/rsos.210717}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We collect a network dataset of tenured economics faculty in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. We rank the 100 institutions included with a minimum violation ranking. This ranking is positively and significantly correlated with the Times Higher Education ranking of economics institutions. According to the network ranking, individuals on average go down about 23 ranks from their doctoral institution to their employing institution. While the share of females in our dataset is only 15\%, we do not observe a significant gender hiring gap (a difference in rank changes between male and female faculty). We conduct a robustness check with the Handelsblatt and the Times Higher Education ranking. According to these rankings, individuals on average go down only about two ranks. We do not observe a significant gender hiring gap using these two rankings (although the dataset underlying this analysis is small and these estimates are likely to be noisy). Finally, we discuss the limitations of the network ranking in our context.}, language = {en} } @article{GleissLewandowski2022, author = {Gleiß, Alexander and Lewandowski, Stefanie}, title = {Removing barriers for digital health through organizing ambidexterity in hospitals}, series = {Journal of public health}, volume = {30}, journal = {Journal of public health}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {2198-1833}, doi = {10.1007/s10389-021-01532-y}, pages = {21 -- 35}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Aim Hospitals noticeably struggle with maintaining hundreds of IT systems and applications in compliance with the latest IT standards and regulations. Thus, hospitals search for efficient opportunities to discover and integrate useful digital health innovations into their existing IT landscapes. In addition, although a multitude of digital innovations from digital health startups enter the market, numerous barriers impede their successful implementation and adoption. Against this background, the aim of this study was to explore typical digital innovation barriers in hospitals, and to assess how a hospital data management platform (HDMP) architecture might help hospitals to extract such innovative capabilities. Subject and methods Based on the concept of organizational ambidexterity (OA), we pursued a qualitative mixed-methods approach. First, we explored and consolidated innovation barriers through a systematic literature review, interviews with 20 startup representatives, and a focus group interview with a hospital IT team and the CEO of an HDMP provider. Finally, we conducted a case-study analysis of 36 digital health startups to explore and conceptualize the potential impact of DI and apply the morphological method to synthesize our findings from a multi-level perspective. Results We first provide a systematic and conceptual overview of typical barriers for digital innovation in hospitals. Hereupon, we explain how an HDMP might enable hospitals to mitigate such barriers and extract value from digital innovations at both individual and organizational level. Conclusion Our results imply that an HDMP can help hospitals to approach organizational ambidexterity through integrating and maintaining hundreds of systems and applications, which allows for a structured and controlled integration of external digital innovations.}, language = {en} } @book{Richter2022, author = {Richter, Martin}, title = {Das Beteiligungsmanagement als Intermedi{\"a}r}, series = {Beh{\"o}rden Spiegel. Schriftenreihe f{\"u}r die Verwaltungspraxis}, journal = {Beh{\"o}rden Spiegel. Schriftenreihe f{\"u}r die Verwaltungspraxis}, publisher = {ProPress Verlagsgesellschaft mbH}, address = {Bonn}, isbn = {978-3-934401-65-5}, pages = {126}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @article{BoschSmimou2022, author = {Bosch, David and Smimou, Kamal}, title = {Traders' motivation and hedging pressure in commodity futures markets}, series = {Research in international business and finance}, volume = {59}, journal = {Research in international business and finance}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0275-5319}, doi = {10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101529}, pages = {34}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This study seeks to explain the major drivers of trading activity in commodity futures markets and gage the effect of trading activity on commodity prices. Rather than concentrating on a specific commodity subgroup or a particular type of commodity traders, we provide an extensive overview of the behavior across all market participants and their influence on commodity prices by using a broad set of commodity futures contracts. Although commodity futures returns show co-movement with financial fundamentals (U.S. dollar index, equity, and bond markets), based on the Disaggregated Commitment of Traders Report (DCOT), this relationship cannot be attributed to trading activity. Pricing in commodity markets can be predominantly attributed to hedgers and influential speculators (money managers), whereas small speculators (nonreportable traders) are crucial to some soft commodity futures similar to dealers in metals commodity futures. Furthermore, we find limited cases where inventory changes exert a sizable influence on position changes of DCOT traders.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-56779, title = {Human rights and international humanitarian law}, series = {The Association of Human Rights Institutes series}, journal = {The Association of Human Rights Institutes series}, editor = {Weiß, Norman and Zimmermann, Andreas}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}, address = {Cheltenham ; Northampton, MA}, isbn = {978-1-83910-826-6}, pages = {x, 255}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Where contemporary developments have significantly altered the implementation methods of, and relationship between, human rights law and international humanitarian law, this timely book looks at the future challenges of protecting human rights during and after armed conflicts. Leading scholars use critical case studies to shed light on new approaches used by international courts and experts to balance these two bodies of law. Divided into four thematic parts, chapters explore the protection of specific groups and actors during conflicts, including organised armed groups, armed non-state actors, and refugees, as well as using divergent methodological approaches to analyse the extra-territorial application of human rights treaties. Shifting to post-conflict, the book further examines the tools and practices involved in building lasting peace and sustainable post-conflict order while avoiding future resurrection of armed conflict. It concludes by considering whether the traditional interpretation of international law is still apt for the twenty-first century. Underlining the necessity of a more coherent application of international humanitarian law and human rights law, this incisive book will be invaluable to students and scholars from the two areas of law. Global in scope, it will also prove useful for humanitarian workers, and practitioners and policy makers involved in human rights law.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissZimmermann2022, author = {Weiß, Norman and Zimmermann, Andreas}, title = {Remarks on the relationship between international human rights law and international humanitarian law}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}, address = {Cheltenham ; Northampton, MA}, isbn = {978-1-83910-826-6}, doi = {10.4337/9781839108273}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Brenner2022, author = {Brenner, Andri Caspar}, title = {Sustainable urban growth}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55522}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-555223}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {231}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This dissertation explores the determinants for sustainable and socially optimalgrowth in a city. Two general equilibrium models establish the base for this evaluation, each adding its puzzle piece to the urban sustainability discourse and examining the role of non-market-based and market-based policies for balanced growth and welfare improvements in different theory settings. Sustainable urban growth either calls for policy actions or a green energy transition. Further, R\&D market failures can pose severe challenges to the sustainability of urban growth and the social optimality of decentralized allocation decisions. Still, a careful (holistic) combination of policy instruments can achieve sustainable growth and even be first best.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Gleiss2022, author = {Gleiß, Alexander}, title = {Case Studies on Digital Transformation}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-54615}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-546159}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xii, 198}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Digital transformation (DT) has not only been a major challenge in recent years, it is also supposed to continue to enormously impact our society and economy in the forthcoming decade. On the one hand, digital technologies have emerged, diffusing and determining our private and professional lives. On the other hand, digital platforms have leveraged the potentials of digital technologies to provide new business models. These dynamics have a massive effect on individuals, companies, and entire ecosystems. Digital technologies and platforms have changed the way persons consume or interact with each other. Moreover, they offer companies new opportunities to conduct their business in terms of value creation (e.g., business processes), value proposition (e.g., business models), or customer interaction (e.g., communication channels), i.e., the three dimensions of DT. However, they also can become a threat for a company's competitiveness or even survival. Eventually, the emergence, diffusion, and employment of digital technologies and platforms bear the potential to transform entire markets and ecosystems. Against this background, IS research has explored and theorized the phenomena in the context of DT in the past decade, but not to its full extent. This is not surprising, given the complexity and pervasiveness of DT, which still requires far more research to further understand DT with its interdependencies in its entirety and in greater detail, particularly through the IS perspective at the confluence of technology, economy, and society. Consequently, the IS research discipline has determined and emphasized several relevant research gaps for exploring and understanding DT, including empirical data, theories as well as knowledge of the dynamic and transformative capabilities of digital technologies and platforms for both organizations and entire industries. Hence, this thesis aims to address these research gaps on the IS research agenda and consists of two streams. The first stream of this thesis includes four papers that investigate the impact of digital technologies on organizations. In particular, these papers study the effects of new technologies on firms (paper II.1) and their innovative capabilities (II.2), the nature and characteristics of data-driven business models (II.3), and current developments in research and practice regarding on-demand healthcare (II.4). Consequently, the papers provide novel insights on the dynamic capabilities of digital technologies along the three dimensions of DT. Furthermore, they offer companies some opportunities to systematically explore, employ, and evaluate digital technologies to modify or redesign their organizations or business models. The second stream comprises three papers that explore and theorize the impact of digital platforms on traditional companies, markets, and the economy and society at large. At this, paper III.1 examines the implications for the business of traditional insurance companies through the emergence and diffusion of multi-sided platforms, particularly in terms of value creation, value proposition, and customer interaction. Paper III.2 approaches the platform impact more holistically and investigates how the ongoing digital transformation and "platformization" in healthcare lastingly transform value creation in the healthcare market. Paper III.3 moves on from the level of single businesses or markets to the regulatory problems that result from the platform economy for economy and society, and proposes appropriate regulatory approaches for addressing these problems. Hence, these papers bring new insights on the table about the transformative capabilities of digital platforms for incumbent companies in particular and entire ecosystems in general. Altogether, this thesis contributes to the understanding of the impact of DT on organizations and markets through the conduction of multiple-case study analyses that are systematically reflected with the current state of the art in research. On this empirical basis, the thesis also provides conceptual models, taxonomies, and frameworks that help describing, explaining, or predicting the impact of digital technologies and digital platforms on companies, markets and the economy or society at large from an interdisciplinary viewpoint.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Boeken2022, author = {B{\"o}ken, Bj{\"o}rn}, title = {Improving prediction accuracy using dynamic information}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58512}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-585125}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xii, 160}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Accurately solving classification problems nowadays is likely to be the most relevant machine learning task. Binary classification separating two classes only is algorithmically simpler but has fewer potential applications as many real-world problems are multi-class. On the reverse, separating only a subset of classes simplifies the classification task. Even though existing multi-class machine learning algorithms are very flexible regarding the number of classes, they assume that the target set Y is fixed and cannot be restricted once the training is finished. On the other hand, existing state-of-the-art production environments are becoming increasingly interconnected with the advance of Industry 4.0 and related technologies such that additional information can simplify the respective classification problems. In light of this, the main aim of this thesis is to introduce dynamic classification that generalizes multi-class classification such that the target class set can be restricted arbitrarily to a non-empty class subset M of Y at any time between two consecutive predictions. This task is solved by a combination of two algorithmic approaches. First, classifier calibration, which transforms predictions into posterior probability estimates that are intended to be well calibrated. The analysis provided focuses on monotonic calibration and in particular corrects wrong statements that appeared in the literature. It also reveals that bin-based evaluation metrics, which became popular in recent years, are unjustified and should not be used at all. Next, the validity of Platt scaling, which is the most relevant parametric calibration approach, is analyzed in depth. In particular, its optimality for classifier predictions distributed according to four different families of probability distributions as well its equivalence with Beta calibration up to a sigmoidal preprocessing are proven. For non-monotonic calibration, extended variants on kernel density estimation and the ensemble method EKDE are introduced. Finally, the calibration techniques are evaluated using a simulation study with complete information as well as on a selection of 46 real-world data sets. Building on this, classifier calibration is applied as part of decomposition-based classification that aims to reduce multi-class problems to simpler (usually binary) prediction tasks. For the involved fusing step performed at prediction time, a new approach based on evidence theory is presented that uses classifier calibration to model mass functions. This allows the analysis of decomposition-based classification against a strictly formal background and to prove closed-form equations for the overall combinations. Furthermore, the same formalism leads to a consistent integration of dynamic class information, yielding a theoretically justified and computationally tractable dynamic classification model. The insights gained from this modeling are combined with pairwise coupling, which is one of the most relevant reduction-based classification approaches, such that all individual predictions are combined with a weight. This not only generalizes existing works on pairwise coupling but also enables the integration of dynamic class information. Lastly, a thorough empirical study is performed that compares all newly introduced approaches to existing state-of-the-art techniques. For this, evaluation metrics for dynamic classification are introduced that depend on corresponding sampling strategies. Thereafter, these are applied during a three-part evaluation. First, support vector machines and random forests are applied on 26 data sets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. Second, two state-of-the-art deep neural networks are evaluated on five benchmark data sets from a relatively recent reference work. Here, computationally feasible strategies to apply the presented algorithms in combination with large-scale models are particularly relevant because a naive application is computationally intractable. Finally, reference data from a real-world process allowing the inclusion of dynamic class information are collected and evaluated. The results show that in combination with support vector machines and random forests, pairwise coupling approaches yield the best results, while in combination with deep neural networks, differences between the different approaches are mostly small to negligible. Most importantly, all results empirically confirm that dynamic classification succeeds in improving the respective prediction accuracies. Therefore, it is crucial to pass dynamic class information in respective applications, which requires an appropriate digital infrastructure.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schumacher2022, author = {Schumacher, Jochen}, title = {Entwicklung eines Industrie 4.0 Reifegradindex f{\"u}r produzierende Unternehmen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55464}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-554642}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VI, 275}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines Industrie 4.0 Reifegradindex f{\"u}r produzierende Unternehmen (KMU und Mittelstand) mit diskreter Produktion. Die Motivation zu dieser Arbeit entstand aus dem Z{\"o}gern vieler Unternehmen - insbesondere KMU und Mittelstand - bei der Transformation in Richtung Industrie 4.0. Im Rahmen einer Marktstudie konnte belegt werden, dass 86 Prozent der befragten produzierenden Unternehmen kein f{\"u}r ihr Unternehmen geeignetes Industrie 4.0 Reifegradmodell gefunden haben, mit dem sie ihren Status Quo bewerten und Maßnahmen f{\"u}r einen h{\"o}heren Grad der Reife ableiten k{\"o}nnten. Die Bewertung bestehender Reifegradmodelle zeigte Defizite hinsichtlich der Industrie 4.0 Abdeckung, der Betrachtung der sozio-technischen Dimensionen Mensch, Technik und Organisation sowie der Betrachtung von Management und Unternehmenskultur. Basierend auf den aktuellen Industrie 4.0 Technologien und Handlungsbereichen wurde ein neues, modular aufgebautes Industrie 4.0 Reifegradmodell entwickelt, das auf einer ganzheitlichen Betrachtung aller sozio-technischen Dimensionen Mensch, Technik und Organisation sowie deren Schnittstellen basiert. Das Modell ermittelt neben dem Overall Industry 4.0 Maturity Index (OI4MI) vier weitere Indizes zur Bewertung der Industrie 4.0 Reife des Unternehmens. Das Modell wurde bei einem Unternehmen validiert und steht nun als Template f{\"u}r darauf aufbauende Forschungsarbeiten zur Verf{\"u}gung.}, language = {de} } @article{KrauseGrosseDetersBaumannetal.2022, author = {Krause, Hannes-Vincent and Große Deters, Fenne and Baumann, Annika and Krasnova, Hanna}, title = {Active social media use and its impact on well-being}, series = {Journal of computer-mediated communication : a journal of the International Communication Association}, volume = {28}, journal = {Journal of computer-mediated communication : a journal of the International Communication Association}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1083-6101}, doi = {10.1093/jcmc/zmac037}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Active use of social networking sites (SNSs) has long been assumed to benefit users' well-being. However, this established hypothesis is increasingly being challenged, with scholars criticizing its lack of empirical support and the imprecise conceptualization of active use. Nevertheless, with considerable heterogeneity among existing studies on the hypothesis and causal evidence still limited, a final verdict on its robustness is still pending. To contribute to this ongoing debate, we conducted a week-long randomized control trial with N = 381 adult Instagram users recruited via Prolific. Specifically, we tested how active SNS use, operationalized as picture postings on Instagram, affects different dimensions of well-being. The results depicted a positive effect on users' positive affect but null findings for other well-being outcomes. The findings broadly align with the recent criticism against the active use hypothesis and support the call for a more nuanced view on the impact of SNSs.
Lay Summary Active use of social networking sites (SNSs) has long been assumed to benefit users' well-being. However, this established assumption is increasingly being challenged, with scholars criticizing its lack of empirical support and the imprecise conceptualization of active use. Nevertheless, with great diversity among conducted studies on the hypothesis and a lack of causal evidence, a final verdict on its viability is still pending. To contribute to this ongoing debate, we conducted a week-long experimental investigation with 381 adult Instagram users. Specifically, we tested how posting pictures on Instagram affects different aspects of well-being. The results of this study depicted a positive effect of posting Instagram pictures on users' experienced positive emotions but no effects on other aspects of well-being. The findings broadly align with the recent criticism against the active use hypothesis and support the call for a more nuanced view on the impact of SNSs on users.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Beel2022, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Beel, Leon}, title = {Teilen von Wissen im Offboarding in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung Deutschlands}, issn = {2190-4561}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56210}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-562108}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {IV, 44}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht, inwiefern extrapersonale Einflussfaktoren das Verhalten der Wissensteilung im Offboarding in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung Deutschlands beeinflussen. Hier besteht eine Forschungsl{\"u}cke, die es insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund einer nahenden Pensionierungswelle und der daraus resultierenden Gefahr eines massiven Wissensverlusts zu schließen gilt. Zu diesem Zweck werden unterschiedliche Analyseebenen verkn{\"u}pft, Einflussfaktoren aus der Literatur herausgearbeitet und in die Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens eingebunden. Anschließend werden Hypothesen formuliert, wie extrapersonale Einflussfaktoren, die sich aus der Verwaltung als organisationalen Kontext und dem Prozess des Offboarding ergeben, das Verhalten der Wissensteilung f{\"o}rdern oder hemmen. Die Testung der Hypothesen erfolgt durch die Erhebung und Auswertung qualitativer Interviewdaten. Daraus resultierende Erkenntnisse verdeutlichen, dass die anstehende Pensionierungswelle in der deutschen Verwaltung eine st{\"a}rkere Ausrichtung des organisationalen Wissensmanagements auf den Prozess des Offboarding und dessen Gestaltung erfordert, um Wissensverluste zu reduzieren.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Koenig2022, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {K{\"o}nig, Alexander}, title = {Change-Prozesse in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung - Der Einfluss von direkten Vorgesetzten auf die Einstellung von Mitarbeitenden}, issn = {2190-4561}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56571}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565713}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {IV, 35}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung wird in den n{\"a}chsten Jahrzehnten große Reformen durchlaufen m{\"u}ssen. Ein wichtiger Einflussfaktor f{\"u}r das Gelingen von geplanten organisatorischen Ver{\"a}nderungen ist auch im Verwaltungskontext die Einstellung von Mitarbeiter*innen gegen{\"u}ber diesem Wandel. Hier existieren gerade bei Mitarbeiter*innen ohne F{\"u}hrungsverantwortlichkeit h{\"a}ufig negative Einstellungen gegen{\"u}ber Ver{\"a}nderungen. Dies wird auch mit dem hohen Stress in diesen Situationen in Verbindung gebracht. Besonders direkte F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte sind hier eine wichtige Einflussgr{\"o}ße auf die Einstellungen. Die folgende Bachelorarbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich dementsprechend mit diesen Einfluss und konzentriert sich dabei auf den Effekt der sozialen Unterst{\"u}tzung dieser F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte auf die Einstellung der Mitarbeiter*innen, da soziale Unterst{\"u}tzung einen nachgewiesenen mildernden Effekt auf den wahrgenommenen Stress besitzt. Soziale Unterst{\"u}tzung wird nach der Social-Support-Theorie in die dort identifizierten vier Unter-arten differenziert, namentlich Appraisal, Emotional, Informational und Instrumental Support. Im Rahmen einer Literaturanalyse konnte f{\"u}r zwei der vier Supportarten (Emotional, Informational) ein Einfluss nachgewiesen werden. Auch f{\"u}r die anderen Supportarten bestehen Hinweise auf einen positiven Effekt. Dies weist darauf hin, dass direkte F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte w{\"a}hrend Reformen der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung als Quellen der Unterst{\"u}tzung fungieren und mittels dieser die Einstellung der Mitarbeiter*innen gegen{\"u}ber Wandel positiv beeinflussen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus k{\"o}nnen die Unterschiede der Ergebnisse nach Supportart darauf hinweisen, dass situationsspezifisch ver-schiedene Unterst{\"u}tzung mehr oder weniger relevant ist. F{\"u}r F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte in diesem Kontext verweisen die Ergebnisse der Arbeit darauf, dass der unterst{\"u}tzende Kontakt mit direkt Untergebenen in Phasen des Wandels wichtig und die Anforderungen breiter als die reine Anweisung dieser Untergebenen sind.}, language = {de} } @misc{UllrichVladovaEigelshovenetal.2022, author = {Ullrich, Andr{\´e} and Vladova, Gergana and Eigelshoven, Felix and Renz, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Data mining of scientific research on artificial intelligence in teaching and administration in higher education institutions}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {160}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58907}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589077}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Teaching and learning as well as administrative processes are still experiencing intensive changes with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and its diverse application opportunities in the context of higher education. Therewith, the scientific interest in the topic in general, but also specific focal points rose as well. However, there is no structured overview on AI in teaching and administration processes in higher education institutions that allows to identify major research topics and trends, and concretizing peculiarities and develops recommendations for further action. To overcome this gap, this study seeks to systematize the current scientific discourse on AI in teaching and administration in higher education institutions. This study identified an (1) imbalance in research on AI in educational and administrative contexts, (2) an imbalance in disciplines and lack of interdisciplinary research, (3) inequalities in cross-national research activities, as well as (4) neglected research topics and paths. In this way, a comparative analysis between AI usage in administration and teaching and learning processes, a systematization of the state of research, an identification of research gaps as well as further research path on AI in higher education institutions are contributed to research.}, language = {en} } @misc{OrlandPadubrin2022, author = {Orland, Andreas and Padubrin, Max}, title = {Is there a gender hiring gap in academic economics? Evidence from a network analysis}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, volume = {9}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55884}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-558844}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We collect a network dataset of tenured economics faculty in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. We rank the 100 institutions included with a minimum violation ranking. This ranking is positively and significantly correlated with the Times Higher Education ranking of economics institutions. According to the network ranking, individuals on average go down about 23 ranks from their doctoral institution to their employing institution. While the share of females in our dataset is only 15\%, we do not observe a significant gender hiring gap (a difference in rank changes between male and female faculty). We conduct a robustness check with the Handelsblatt and the Times Higher Education ranking. According to these rankings, individuals on average go down only about two ranks. We do not observe a significant gender hiring gap using these two rankings (although the dataset underlying this analysis is small and these estimates are likely to be noisy). Finally, we discuss the limitations of the network ranking in our context.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Gandhi2022, author = {Gandhi, Nilima}, title = {Visionary leadership and job satisfaction}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57269}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-572691}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {154}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Current business organizations want to be more efficient and constantly evolving to find ways to retain talent. It is well established that visionary leadership plays a vital role in organizational success and contributes to a better working environment. This study aims to determine the effect of visionary leadership on employees' perceived job satisfaction. Specifically, it investigates whether the mediators meaningfulness at work and commitment to the leader impact the relationship. I take support from job demand resource theory to explain the overarching model used in this study and broaden-and-build theory to leverage the use of mediators. To test the hypotheses, evidence was collected in a multi-source, time-lagged design field study of 95 leader-follower dyads. The data was collected in a three-wave study, each survey appearing after one month. Data on employee perception of visionary leadership was collected in T1, data for both mediators were collected in T2, and employee perception of job satisfaction was collected in T3. The findings display that meaningfulness at work and commitment to the leader play positive intervening roles (in the form of a chain) in the indirect influence of visionary leadership on employee perceptions regarding job satisfaction. This research offers contributions to literature and theory by first broadening the existing knowledge on the effects of visionary leadership on employees. Second, it contributes to the literature on constructs meaningfulness at work, commitment to the leader, and job satisfaction. Third, it sheds light on the mediation mechanism dealing with study variables in line with the proposed model. Fourth, it integrates two theories, job demand resource theory and broaden-and-build theory providing further evidence. Additionally, the study provides practical implications for business leaders and HR practitioners. Overall, my study discusses the potential of visionary leadership behavior to elevate employee outcomes. The study aligns with previous research and answers several calls for further research on visionary leadership, job satisfaction, and mediation mechanism with meaningfulness at work and commitment to the leader.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Liebsch2022, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Liebsch, Emilia}, title = {Einfluss von Digitalisierung auf die {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-54153}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-541536}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {I, 35}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit dem Einfluss von Digitalisierung auf die {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung in Deutschland. Den konkreten Untersuchungsschwerpunkt bilden organisationale Routinen. Die Arbeit gibt einen konzeptionellen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Begriffe Digitalisierung und organisationale Routinen und leitet daraus Arbeitsdefinitionen ab. Der theoretisch dargelegte Zusammenhang zwischen den beiden Ph{\"a}nomenen wird im Rahmen von drei teilstrukturierten Interviews mit Mitarbeitenden aus unterschiedlichen {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltungen untersucht. Die herausgearbeiteten Definitionen wurden den Interviewten vorgestellt und durch ein Repertoire an Fragen die Wahrnehmung des Digitalisierungsstandes i.V.m. Routinen abgefragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass digitaler Wandel und Routinen in jedem der interviewten Fachbereiche zumindest unterbewusst wahrgenommen wird. Digitalisierung und organisationale Routinen stehen in Wechselwirkung zueinander, da die wiederholte routinierte Ausf{\"u}hrung von T{\"a}tigkeiten die Implementierung von Digitalisierung beg{\"u}nstigt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus f{\"u}hrt digitaler Wandel zur Ver{\"a}nderung von Routinen, welche mit einem anf{\"a}nglichen Mehraufwand verbunden ist. St{\"o}rungen bei der Implementierung von Digitalisierung bringen eine Starrheit von Routinen mit sich u.A. durch eine fehlende Bereitschaft der Mitarbeitenden. Die grundlegend bestehende Wechselwirkung ist ausschlaggebend f{\"u}r die Schnittstellen zwischen Digitalisierung und organisationalen Routinen in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung.}, language = {de} } @article{UllrichVladovaEigelshovenetal.2022, author = {Ullrich, Andr{\´e} and Vladova, Gergana and Eigelshoven, Felix and Renz, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Data mining of scientific research on artificial intelligence in teaching and administration in higher education institutions}, series = {Discover artificial intelligence}, volume = {2}, journal = {Discover artificial intelligence}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, issn = {2731-0809}, doi = {10.1007/s44163-022-00031-7}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Teaching and learning as well as administrative processes are still experiencing intensive changes with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and its diverse application opportunities in the context of higher education. Therewith, the scientific interest in the topic in general, but also specific focal points rose as well. However, there is no structured overview on AI in teaching and administration processes in higher education institutions that allows to identify major research topics and trends, and concretizing peculiarities and develops recommendations for further action. To overcome this gap, this study seeks to systematize the current scientific discourse on AI in teaching and administration in higher education institutions. This study identified an (1) imbalance in research on AI in educational and administrative contexts, (2) an imbalance in disciplines and lack of interdisciplinary research, (3) inequalities in cross-national research activities, as well as (4) neglected research topics and paths. In this way, a comparative analysis between AI usage in administration and teaching and learning processes, a systematization of the state of research, an identification of research gaps as well as further research path on AI in higher education institutions are contributed to research.}, language = {en} } @article{OrlandPadubrin2022, author = {Orland, Andreas and Padubrin, Max}, title = {Is there a gender hiring gap in academic economics?}, series = {Royal Society Open Science}, volume = {9}, journal = {Royal Society Open Science}, number = {2}, publisher = {Royal Society}, address = {London}, issn = {2054-5703}, doi = {10.1098/rsos.210717}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We collect a network dataset of tenured economics faculty in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. We rank the 100 institutions included with a minimum violation ranking. This ranking is positively and significantly correlated with the Times Higher Education ranking of economics institutions. According to the network ranking, individuals on average go down about 23 ranks from their doctoral institution to their employing institution. While the share of females in our dataset is only 15\%, we do not observe a significant gender hiring gap (a difference in rank changes between male and female faculty). We conduct a robustness check with the Handelsblatt and the Times Higher Education ranking. According to these rankings, individuals on average go down only about two ranks. We do not observe a significant gender hiring gap using these two rankings (although the dataset underlying this analysis is small and these estimates are likely to be noisy). Finally, we discuss the limitations of the network ranking in our context.}, language = {en} }