@article{Ulrich2023,
  author    = {Ulrich, Peter},
  title     = {Regionale und lokale Governance},
  series = {KWI-Schriften},
  journal   = {KWI-Schriften},
  number    = {14},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-571-2},
  issn      = {1867-951X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-63116},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631166},
  pages     = {75 -- 84},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Ulrich2023,
  author    = {Ulrich, Peter},
  title     = {Lokale Partizipation von Digitalen Pionieren in l{\"a}ndlicher Governance},
  series = {KWI-Schriften},
  journal   = {KWI-Schriften},
  number    = {14},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-571-2},
  issn      = {1867-951X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-63117},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631178},
  pages     = {85 -- 97},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{UlrichZeissigWitting2023,
  author    = {Ulrich, Peter and Zeißig, Hanna and Witting, Antje},
  title     = {Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r die lokale Governance und {\"U}bertragbarkeit auf Brandenburg},
  series = {KWI-Schriften},
  journal   = {KWI-Schriften},
  number    = {14},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-571-2},
  issn      = {1867-951X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-63118},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631182},
  pages     = {101 -- 124},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{BergstroemFranzkeKuhlmannetal.2021,
  author    = {Bergstr{\"o}m, Tomas and Franzke, Jochen and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Wayenberg, Ellen},
  title     = {Future Outlook and Scenarios},
  series = {The Future of Local Self-Government : European Trends in Autonomy, Innovations and Central-Local Relations},
  journal   = {The Future of Local Self-Government : European Trends in Autonomy, Innovations and Central-Local Relations},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  isbn      = {978-3-030-56058-4},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-030-56059-1_20},
  pages     = {227 -- 286},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Where is local self-government heading in the future? Among trends identified is firstly an intensification of multilevel, intermunicipal, and cross-border governance. In the future even more of cooperation and coordination among different political and administrative levels will be required. Territorial boundaries have become increasingly incongruent with functional public activities. Secondly, the innovative potential of introducing markets as templates for organisational reform has reached its end. Future reforms will most likely try to adapt market reforms to local public contexts, or even reverse the development. Finally, a tightening of state steering and an increased dependence on state funding to uphold local services is expected. Waves of amalgamations might slow down this process but they will not make financial problems disappear completely.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Herold2019,
  author    = {Herold, Jana},
  title     = {International Bureaucracies as Governance Actors},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {233},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {This study assesses and explains international bureaucracies' performance and role as policy advisors and as expert authorities from the perspective of domestic stakeholders. International bureaucracies are the secretariats of international organizations that carry out their work including generating knowledge, providing policy advice and implementing policy programs and projects. Scholars increasingly regard them as governance actors that are able to influence global and domestic policy making. In order to explain this influence, research has mainly focused on international bureaucracies' formal features and/or staff characteristics. The way in which they are actually perceived by their domestic stakeholders, in particular by national bureaucrats, has not been systematically studied. Yet, this is equally important, given that they represent international bureaucracies' addressees and are actors that (potentially) make use of international bureaucracies' policy advice, which can be seen as an indicator for international bureaucracies' influence. Accordingly, I argue that domestic stakeholders' assessments can likewise contribute to explaining international bureaucracies' influence. The overarching research questions the study addresses are what are national stakeholders' perspectives on international bureaucracies and under which conditions do they consider international bureaucracies' policy advice? In answering these questions, I focus on three specific organizational features that the literature has considered important for international bureaucracies' independent influence, namely international bureaucracies' performance and their role as policy advisors and as expert authorities. These three features are studied separately in three independent articles, which are presented in Part II of this article-based dissertation. To answer the research questions, I draw on novel data from a global survey among ministry officials of 121 countries. The survey captures ministry officials' assessments of international bureaucracies' features and their behavior with respect to international bureaucracies' policy advice. The overall sample comprises the bureaucracies of nine global and nine regional international organizations in eight thematic areas in the policy fields of agriculture and finance. The overall finding of this study is that international bureaucracies' performance and their role as policy advisors and expert authorities as perceived by ministry officials are highly context-specific and relational. These features vary not only across international bureaucracies but much more intra-organizationally across the different thematic areas that an international bureaucracy addresses, i.e. across different thematic contexts. As far as to the relational nature of international bureaucracies' features, the study generally finds strong variation across the assessments by ministry officials from different countries and across thematic areas. Hence, the findings highlight that it is likewise important to study international bureaucracies via the perspective of their stakeholders and to take account of the different thematic areas and contexts in which international bureaucracies operate. The study contributes to current research on international bureaucracies in various ways. First, it directly surveys one important type of domestic stakeholders, namely national ministry officials, as to how they evaluate certain aspects of international bureaucracies instead of deriving them from their structural features, policy documents or assessments by their staff. Furthermore, the study empirically tests a range of theoretical hypotheses derived from the literature on international bureaucracies' influence, as well as related literature. Second, the study advances methods of assessing international bureaucracies through a large-N, cross-national expert survey among ministry officials. A survey of this type of stakeholder and of this scope is - to my knowledge - unprecedented. Yet, as argued above, their perspectives are equally important for assessing and explaining international bureaucracies' influence. Third, the study adapts common theories of international bureaucracies' policy influence and expert authority to the assessments by ministry officials. In so doing, it tests hypotheses that are rooted in both rationalist and constructivist accounts and combines perspectives on international bureaucracies from both International Relations and Public Administration. Empirically supporting and challenging these hypotheses further complements the theoretical understanding of the determinants of international bureaucracies' influence among national bureaucracies from both rationalist and constructivist perspectives. Overall, this study advances our understanding of international bureaucracies by systematically taking into account ministry officials' perspectives in order to determine under which conditions international bureaucracies are perceived to perform well and are able to have an effect as policy advisors and expert authorities among national bureaucracies. Thereby, the study helps to specify to what extent international bureaucracies - as global governance actors - are able to permeate domestic governance via ministry officials and, thus, contribute to the question of why some international bureaucracies play a greater role and are ultimately able to have more influence than others.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Nasery2019,
  author    = {Nasery, Mustafa},
  title     = {The success and failure of civil service reforms in Afghanistan},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-44473},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-444738},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {viii, 258},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The Government will create a motivated, merit-based, performance-driven, and professional civil service that is resistant to temptations of corruption and which provides efficient, effective and transparent public services that do not force customers to pay bribes. — (GoIRA, 2006, p. 106) We were in a black hole! We had an empty glass and had nothing from our side to fill it with! Thus, we accepted anything anybody offered; that is how our glass was filled; that is how we reformed our civil service. — (Former Advisor to IARCSC, personal communication, August 2015) How and under what conditions were the post-Taleban Civil Service Reforms of Afghanistan initiated? What were the main components of the reforms? What were their objectives and to which extent were they achieved? Who were the leading domestic and foreign actors involved in the process? Finally, what specific factors influenced the success and failure Afghanistan's Civil Service Reforms since 2002? Guided by such fundamental questions, this research studies the wicked process of reforming the Afghan civil service in an environment where a variety of contextual, programmatic, and external factors affected the design and implementation of reforms that were entirely funded and technically assisted by the international community. Focusing on the core components of reforms—recruitment, remuneration, and appraisal of civil servants—the qualitative study provides a detailed picture of the pre-reform civil service and its major human resources developments in the past. Following discussions on the content and purposes of the main reform programs, it will then analyze the extent of changes in policies and practices by examining the outputs and effects of these reforms. Moreover, the study defines the specific factors that led the reforms toward a situation where most of the intended objectives remain unachieved. Doing so, it explores and explains how an overwhelming influence of international actors with conflicting interests, large-scale corruption, political interference, networks of patronage, institutionalized nepotism, culturally accepted cronyism and widespread ethnic favoritism created a very complex environment and prevented the reforms from transforming Afghanistan's patrimonial civil service into a professional civil service, which is driven by performance and merit.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Kiraly2012,
  author    = {Kiraly, Attila},
  title     = {Zwischenruf: Welch eine Macht?},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57955},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Vonseiten Nordkoreas wurde der Tod Kim Jong-ils am 17. Dezember 2011 mitgeteilt. Kim Jong-il war der Zweite der Familie, der Nordkorea regierte, nach seinem Vater Kim Il-sung. Die fortfolgende Herrschaft der leiblichen S{\"o}hne gibt dem Ganzen eine archaisch traditionale Komponente. Das Erstaunliche ist, warum dies trotz allem auch im 21. Jahrhundert zu funktionieren scheint.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{OPUS4-5604,
  title     = {Autoritarismus Global},
  issn      = {0944-8101},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57966},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Autoritarismus global: Entgegen vieler Erwartungen der Politikwissenschaft und des gehobenen Feuilletons aus den fr{\"u}hen 1990er Jahren scheint sich der autorit{\"a}re Regimetyp durchzusetzen. Antworten, die politische Regime auf alte und neue Herausforderungen geben, sind immer weniger demokratischer und immer mehr autorit{\"a}rer Natur. Wir analysieren diesen WeltTrend: von Lateinamerika und Ostasien {\"u}ber Russland und den Nahen Osten bis in die Mitte Europas.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Audretsch2010,
  author    = {Audretsch, Andreas},
  title     = {Zur Entstehung von Good Governance : Gr{\"u}nde, Muster und Bedingungen einer afrikanischen Entwicklung ; das Beispiel Ghana},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42310},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Ghana ist ein Musterbeispiel daf{\"u}r, dass ein Entwicklungsland den Weg zu Good Governance schaffen kann. In vielen Studien wird dem Land im afrikanischen Vergleich heute bescheinigt, hier ein Vorreiter zu sein. Dies ist Ausgangslage der vorliegenden Studie, die der Frage nachgeht „Welche Gr{\"u}nde, Muster und Bedingungen f{\"u}hren zur Entstehung von Good Governance?". Im Zentrum der vorliegenden Studie steht, wie aus der erkenntnisleitenden Fragestellung hervorgeht, eine empirische Untersuchung zur Entstehung von Good Governance und damit ein Transformationsprozess. Dieser wird bewusst {\"u}ber einen sehr langen Zeitraum ({\"u}ber ein halbes Jahrhundert) untersucht, um auch langfristige Entwicklungen einbeziehen zu k{\"o}nnen. Die Studie wird mit Hilfe eines „Mixed-Methods-Ansatzes" sowohl unter R{\"u}ckgriff auf quantitative als auch auf qualitative Methoden durchgef{\"u}hrt, was sich im R{\"u}ckblick als sehr ertragreich erwiesen hat. Zun{\"a}chst wird die Qualit{\"a}t der Governance {\"u}ber den gesamten Zeitraum anhand von sechs Indikatoren gemessen. Danach werden qualitativ die Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r die Fort- und R{\"u}ckschritte analysiert. Dabei lassen sich immer wieder Systematiken herausarbeiten, wie zum Beispiel zirkul{\"a}re Entwicklungen, die {\"u}ber viele Jahre den Weg hin zu Good Governance verhinderten, bis jeweils Ausbr{\"u}che aus den Kreisl{\"a}ufen geschafft werden konnten. Sowohl in der demokratischen und rechtsstaatlichen Entwicklung als auch bezogen auf die Versorgung der Bev{\"o}lkerung mit {\"o}ffentlichen G{\"u}tern und die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung. Auch wenn die verschiedenen Bereiche von Good Governance zun{\"a}chst einzeln untersucht werden, so zeigen sich gleichzeitig deutlich die Wechselwirkungen der Komponenten. Zum Beispiel kristallisiert sich klar heraus, dass Rechtsstaatlichkeit sowohl auf die Stabilit{\"a}t politischer Systeme wirkt, als auch auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung. Ebenso beeinflussen diese wiederum die Korruption. {\"A}hnliche Verkn{\"u}pfungen lassen sich auch bei allen anderen Bereichen nachvollziehen. Die Entwicklung eines Landes kann also nur unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung eines komplexen Governance-Systems verstanden und erkl{\"a}rt werden. Dabei k{\"o}nnen die Wechselwirkungen entweder konstruktiv oder destruktiv sein. Die Verflechtungen der einzelnen Bereiche werden in einem Negativ- und dann in einem Positiv-Szenario festgehalten. Diese Idealtypen-Bildung spitzt die Erkenntnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit zu und dient dem analytischen Verst{\"a}ndnis der untersuchten Prozesse. Die Untersuchung zeigt, wie Good Governance {\"u}ber das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Faktoren entstehen kann und dass es wissenschaftlich sehr ertragreich ist, Transformationsforschung auf ein komplexes Governance-System auszuweiten. Hierbei werden die vielen empirisch erarbeiteten Ergebnisse zu den einzelnen Transformationen zu komplexen, in sich greifenden Gesamtszenarien zusammengef{\"u}hrt. Da es bisher keine explizite Good Governance-Transformationsforschung gab, wurde hiermit ein erster Schritt in diese Richtung getan. Es wird dar{\"u}ber hinaus deutlich, dass eine Transformation zu Good Governance nicht durch eine kurzfristige Ver{\"a}nderung der Rahmenbedingungen zu erreichen ist. Es geht um kulturelle Ver{\"a}nderungen, um Lernprozesse, um langfristige Entwicklungen, die in der Studie am Beispiel Ghana analysiert werden. In vielen vorangegangenen Transformationsstudien wurde diese zeitliche Komponente vernachl{\"a}ssigt. Ghana hat bereits viele Schritte getan, um einen Weg in die Zukunft und zu Good Governance zu finden. Die Untersuchung dieser Schritte ist Kern der vorliegenden Arbeit. Der Weg Ghanas ist jedoch noch nicht abgeschlossen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Lang2008,
  author    = {Lang, Thilo},
  title     = {Institutional perspectives of local development in Germany and England : a comparative study about regeneration in old industrial towns experiencing decline},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-37346},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {This research is about local actors' response to problems of uneven development and unemployment. Policies to combat these problems are usually connected to socio-economic regeneration in England and economic and employment promotion (Wirtschafts- und Besch{\"a}ftigungsf{\"o}rderung) in Germany. The main result of this project is a description of those factors which support the emergence of local socio-economic initiatives aimed at job creation. Eight social and formal economy initiatives have been examined and the ways in which their emergence has been influenced by institutional factors has been analysed. The role of local actors and forms of governance as well as wider regional and national policy frameworks has been taken into account. Socio-economic initiatives have been defined as non-routine local projects or schemes with the objective of direct job creation. Such initiatives often focus on specific local assets for the formal or the social economy. Socio-economic initiatives are grounded on ideas of local economic development, and the creation of local jobs for local people. The adopted understanding of governance focuses on the processes of decision taking. Thus, this understanding of governance is broadly construed to include the ways in which actors in addition to traditional government manage urban development. The applied understanding of governance lays a focus on 'strategic' forms of decision taking about both long term objectives and short term action linked to socio-economic regeneration. Four old industrial towns in North England and East Germany have been selected for case studies due to their particular socio-economic background. These towns, with between 10.000 and 70.000 inhabitants, are located outside of the main agglomerations and bear central functions for their hinterland. The approach has been comparative, with a focus on examining common themes rather than gaining in-depth knowledge of a single case. Until now, most urban governance studies have analysed the impacts of particular forms of governance such as regeneration partnerships. This project looks at particular initiatives and poses the question to what extent their emergence can be understood as a result of particular forms of governance, local institutional factors or regional and national contexts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Stieglitz2008,
  author    = {Stieglitz, Stefan},
  title     = {Steuerung Virtueller Communities : Instrumente, Mechanismen, Wirkungszusammenh{\"a}nge},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16671},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Virtuelle Communities bezeichnen Gemeinschaften von Individuen, die maßgeblich {\"u}ber das Internet miteinander kommunizieren und kollaborieren. Anders als in Unternehmen, in denen Motivationsstrukturen prim{\"a}r auf finanziellen Anreizen basieren, gilt f{\"u}r Virtuelle Communities, dass die Zuarbeit in diesen in der Regel freiwillig und ohne monet{\"a}re Interessen der Mitglieder stattfindet. Unternehmen nutzen Virtuelle Communities f{\"u}r Zwecke des Customer Relationship Management, des Wissensmanagement und des Customer Integration. Universit{\"a}ten bilden virtuelle Lernnetzwerke, um die Interaktion zwischen Studierenden zu erh{\"o}hen und hierdurch Lernerfolge zu steigern. Die Potenziale Virtueller Communities werden jedoch in vielen F{\"a}llen nicht vollst{\"a}ndig ausgesch{\"o}pft. Insbesondere der Frage nach einer systematischen Mitgliedersteuerung kommt aufgrund der vorherrschenden komplexen Motivationsstrukturen der freiwillig partizipierenden Mitglieder eine besondere Bedeutung zu. In bisherigen wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten wurde dieser Aspekt jedoch vernachl{\"a}ssigt. Das Untersuchungsdesign der Arbeit zielt darauf ab, diese Forschungsl{\"u}cke zu schließen und einen Ordnungsrahmen zu gestalten, der einen systematischen Aufbau, Betrieb und insbesondere eine Steuerung Virtueller Communities erm{\"o}glicht. Die Identifikation von Steuerungsinstrumenten wurde im Rahmen der Arbeit durch eine Analyse der Strukturen und Funktionsweisen in Open Source-Projekten vorgenommen, anschließend wurden diese auf andere Typen Virtueller Communities {\"u}bertragen. Im Rahmen zweier Fallstudien wurde der entwickelte Ordnungsrahmen unter realen Bedingungen an einem Expertennetzwerk an der B{\"o}rse Berlin AG und einem universit{\"a}ren Lernnetzwerk erprobt. Die anschließende Analyse gibt Aufschluss {\"u}ber die Wirkungsweisen wettbewerblicher, kooperativer und hierarchischer Steuerungsinstrumente in Virtuellen Communities.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{OPUS4-4541,
  title     = {Globale Finanzm{\"a}rkte},
  isbn      = {978-3-937786-40-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-47513},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Sicherlich geht es bei der Gestaltung der gewaltigen globalen Finanzstr{\"o}me nicht darum, ein zweites Bretton Woods-System als Prokrustesbett herzurichten, sondern diese polymorphen Strukturen gilt es grenz{\"u}berschreitend zu regulieren. Das betonen Norbert Walter, Bernhard Speyer und Alexander B{\"o}rsch in ihren Beitr{\"a}gen. Oliver Keßler fragt, inwieweit der Wissensvorsprung von Finanzakteuren staatliche Regulierungsbem{\"u}hungen unterwandert. Und Daniel M{\"u}gge stellt fest: Bei allen technischen Fragen der Regulierung gilt: Politique d´abord, es ist vorrangig ein politisches Problem! Im Kontext der Terrorismusbek{\"a}mpfung sind illegale Finanzaktivit{\"a}ten st{\"a}rker ins Visier geraten. Diese Schnittstelle von {\"O}konomie und Sicherheit diskutieren Jan Bittner und Markus Lederer, wobei sie die Defizite bisheriger Strategien aufzeigen und den „genuin politischen Umgang" mit den Finanzquellen des Terrorismus einfordern.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{LattemannStieglitz2005,
  author    = {Lattemann, Christoph and Stieglitz, Stefan},
  title     = {Framework for Governance in Open Source Communities},
  issn      = {1867-5808},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19941},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In recent years, the development of software in open source communities has attracted immense attention from research and practice. The idea of commercial quality, free software, and open source code accelerated the development of well-designed open source software such as Linux, Apache tools, or Perl. Intrinsic motivation, group identification processes, learning, and career concerns are the key drivers for a successful cooperation among the participants. These factors and most mechanisms of control, coordination, and monitoring forms of open source communities can hardly be explained by traditional organizational theories. In particular, the micro and macro structures of open source communities and their mode of operation are hardly compatible with the central assumption of the New Institutional Theory, like opportunistic behavior. The aim of this contribution is to identify factors that sustain the motivation of the community members over the entire life cycle of an open source project. Adequate coordination and controlling mechanisms for the governance in open source communities may be extracted.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{OPUS4-506,
  title     = {Leadership and innovation in subnational government : case studies from Latin America},
  editor    = {Campbell, Tim and Fuhr, Harald},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-5793},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {This book is about inventing successes and good practices of governments that are "closer to the people". Numerous examples throughout Latin America indicate-often despite macroeconomic instability, high inflation, and strong top-down regulation-that subnational actors have repeatedly achieved what their central counterparts preached: sound policymaking, better administration, better services, more participation, and sustained economic development. But what makes some governments change course and move toward innovation? What triggers experimentation and, eventually, turns ordinary practice into good practice? The book answers some of these questions. It goes beyond a mere documentation of good and best practice, which is increasingly provided through international networks and Internet sites. Instead, it seeks a better understanding of the origins and fates of such successes at the micro level. The case studies and analytical chapters seek to explain: How good practice is born at the local level; Where innovative ideas come from; How such ideas are introduced in a new context, successfully implemented, and propagated locally and beyond; What donors can do to effectively assist processes of self-induced and bottom-up change.},
  subject      = {Lateinamerika},
  language  = {en}
}