@article{HoefsHuelagueBennetetal.2021, author = {H{\"o}fs, Soraya and Huelague, Deniz and Bennet, Francesca and Carl, Peter and Flemig, Sabine and Schmid, Thomas and Schenk, Jorg A. and Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan and Schneider, Rudolf J.}, title = {Electrochemical immunomagnetic Ochratoxin A sensing}, series = {ChemElectroChem}, volume = {8}, journal = {ChemElectroChem}, number = {13}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {2196-0216}, doi = {10.1002/celc.202100446}, pages = {2597 -- 2606}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Electrochemical methods offer great promise in meeting the demand for user-friendly on-site devices for monitoring important parameters. The food industry often runs own lab procedures, for example, for mycotoxin analysis, but it is a major goal to simplify analysis, linking analytical methods with smart technologies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, with photometric detection of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), form a good basis for sensitive detection. To provide a straightforward approach for the miniaturization of the detection step, we have studied the pitfalls of the electrochemical TMB detection. By cyclic voltammetry it was found that the TMB electrochemistry is strongly dependent on the pH and the electrode material. A stable electrode response to TMB could be achieved at pH 1 on gold electrodes. We created a smartphone-based, electrochemical, immunomagnetic assay for the detection of ochratoxin A in real samples, providing a solid basis for sensing of further analytes.}, language = {en} } @article{PanLiuGouetal.2021, author = {Pan, Hanya and Liu, Rui and Gou, Tingyu and Kliem, Bernhard and Su, Yingna and Chen, Jun and Wang, Yuming}, title = {Pre-eruption splitting of the double-decker structure in a solar filament}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {909}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Institute of Physics Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/abda4e}, pages = {12}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Solar filaments often erupt partially. Although how they split remains elusive, the splitting process has the potential of revealing the filament structure and eruption mechanism. Here we investigate the pre-eruption splitting of an apparently single filament and its subsequent partial eruption on 2012 September 27. The evolution is characterized by three stages with distinct dynamics. During the quasi-static stage, the splitting proceeds gradually for about 1.5 hr, with the upper branch rising at a few kilometers per second and displaying swirling motions about its axis. During the precursor stage that lasts for about 10 minutes, the upper branch rises at tens of kilometers per second, with a pair of conjugated dimming regions starting to develop at its footpoints; with the swirling motions turning chaotic, the axis of the upper branch whips southward, which drives an arc-shaped extreme-ultraviolet front propagating in a similar direction. During the eruption stage, the upper branch erupts with the onset of a C3.7-class two-ribbon flare, while the lower branch remains stable. Judging from the well-separated footpoints of the upper branch from those of the lower one, we suggest that the pre-eruption filament processes a double-decker structure composed of two distinct flux bundles, whose formation is associated with gradual magnetic flux cancellations and converging photospheric flows around the polarity inversion line.}, language = {en} } @article{Homolka2021, author = {Homolka, Walter}, title = {Glaubensfragen}, series = {{\"U}ber Grenzen hinweg zu neuer Gemeinschaft - Bilanz und Perspektiven des christlich-j{\"u}dischen Gespr{\"a}chs (Reihe: Forum Christen und Juden/Forum for Christians and Jews)}, volume = {23}, journal = {{\"U}ber Grenzen hinweg zu neuer Gemeinschaft - Bilanz und Perspektiven des christlich-j{\"u}dischen Gespr{\"a}chs (Reihe: Forum Christen und Juden/Forum for Christians and Jews)}, publisher = {LIT}, address = {Berlin, M{\"u}nster}, isbn = {978-3-643-15083-7}, pages = {374}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Artikel gibt einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die verschiedenen Phasen von siebzig Jahren christlich-j{\"u}discher Dialog und blickt in die Zukunft. Akzeptieren Christen die Konsequenzen, die aus der Immanenz des Judentums in ihrer Religion folgen? Vor allem in zentralen Handlungsfeldern der systematischen Theologie bleibt viel Raum f{\"u}r Entwicklung, allen voran der Christologie.}, language = {de} } @article{TellaWinterleitnerMorsillietal.2022, author = {Tella, Timothy O. and Winterleitner, Gerd and Morsilli, Michele and Mutti, Maria}, title = {Testing sea-level and carbonate production effects on stratal architecture of a distally steepened carbonate ramp (Upper Miocene, Menorca)}, series = {Sedimentary geology : international journal of applied and regional sedimentology}, volume = {441}, journal = {Sedimentary geology : international journal of applied and regional sedimentology}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]}, issn = {0037-0738}, doi = {10.1016/j.sedgeo.2022.106267}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Although distally steepened carbonate ramps have been studied by numerous researchers, the processes that control the development of these carbonate systems, including tectonics, differential carbonate production along the ramp profile, or antecedent physiography of the slopes, are an ongoing discussion. We use a stratigraphic forward model to test different hypotheses to unravel controls over distally steepened ramp development, referenced to the well-known Upper Miocene Menorca carbonate ramp (Spain). Sensitivity tests show that distally steepened ramps develop under complex interaction among accommodation, carbonate production and sediment transport parameters. Ramp slope initiation is favoured by still stands and falls of sea-level, in a setting with high-frequency sea-level fluctuations with amplitude between 20 m and 40 m. Low-frequency and higher amplitude sea-level fluctuations of about 115 m tend to form models with no significant slope development. The impact of antecedent slope on the geometry of ramps is determined by the paleoslope inclination, with flat to subhorizontal paleosurfaces resulting in ramps that mirror the antecedent slope. In contrast, steeper paleosurfaces tend to result in ramps with well-defined slopes. Our models, therefore, show that the ramp profile becomes more influenced by the depth constraints on the carbonate sediment producers than by the geometry of the underlying topography as the inclination of the paleosurface increases. The presented models also show that seagrass-dominated shallow carbonate production tends to result in steep slopes due to the low-transport characteristic imposed by seagrass trapping. This steepness can, however, be altered by the introduction of high transport sediment grains from deeper carbonate producers, which fill the slopes and more distal sections of the ramp profile.}, language = {en} } @article{BehmAlizadehHadjizedahAnvaretal.2021, author = {Behm, David G. and Alizadeh, Shahab and Hadjizedah Anvar, Saman and Hanlon, Courtney and Ramsay, Emma and Mahmoud, Mohamed Mamdouh Ibrahim and Whitten, Joseph and Fisher, James P. and Prieske, Olaf and Chaabene, Helmi and Granacher, Urs and Steele, James}, title = {Non-local muscle fatigue effects on muscle strength, power, and endurance in healthy individuals}, series = {Sports medicine : the world's premier sports medicine preview journal}, volume = {51}, journal = {Sports medicine : the world's premier sports medicine preview journal}, number = {9}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, issn = {0112-1642}, doi = {10.1007/s40279-021-01456-3}, pages = {1893 -- 1907}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background The fatigue of a muscle or muscle group can produce global responses to a variety of systems (i.e., cardiovascular, endocrine, and others). There are also reported strength and endurance impairments of non-exercised muscles following the fatigue of another muscle; however, the literature is inconsistent. Objective To examine whether non-local muscle fatigue (NLMF) occurs following the performance of a fatiguing bout of exercise of a different muscle(s). Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Search and Inclusion A systematic literature search using a Boolean search strategy was conducted with PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar in April 2020, and was supplemented with additional 'snowballing' searches up to September 2020. To be included in our analysis, studies had to include at least one intentional performance measure (i.e., strength, endurance, or power), which if reduced could be considered evidence of muscle fatigue, and also had to include the implementation of a fatiguing protocol to a location (i.e., limb or limbs) that differed to those for which performance was measured. We excluded studies that measured only mechanistic variables such as electromyographic activity, or spinal/supraspinal excitability. After search and screening, 52 studies were eligible for inclusion including 57 groups of participants (median sample = 11) and a total of 303 participants. Results The main multilevel meta-analysis model including all effects sizes (278 across 50 clusters [median = 4, range = 1 to 18 effects per cluster) revealed a trivial point estimate with high precision for the interval estimate [- 0.02 (95\% CIs = - 0.14 to 0.09)], yet with substantial heterogeneity (Q((277)) = 642.3, p < 0.01), I-2 = 67.4\%). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed that NLMF effects were not moderated by study design (between vs. within-participant), homologous vs. heterologous effects, upper or lower body effects, participant training status, sex, age, the time of post-fatigue protocol measurement, or the severity of the fatigue protocol. However, there did appear to be an effect of type of outcome measure where both strength [0.11 (95\% CIs = 0.01-0.21)] and power outcomes had trivial effects [- 0.01 (95\% CIs = - 0.24 to 0.22)], whereas endurance outcomes showed moderate albeit imprecise effects [- 0.54 (95\% CIs = - 0.95 to - 0.14)]. Conclusions Overall, the findings do not support the existence of a general NLMF effect; however, when examining specific types of performance outcomes, there may be an effect specifically upon endurance-based outcomes (i.e., time to task failure). However, there are relatively fewer studies that have examined endurance effects or mechanisms explaining this possible effect, in addition to fewer studies including women or younger and older participants, and considering causal effects of prior training history through the use of longitudinal intervention study designs. Thus, it seems pertinent that future research on NLMF effects should be redirected towards these still relatively unexplored areas.}, language = {en} } @article{RonkainenPesolaTikkanenetal.2021, author = {Ronkainen, Noora J. and Pesola, Arto J. and Tikkanen, Olli and Brand, Ralf}, title = {Continuity and discontinuity of sport and exercise type during the COVID-19 pandemic}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.622876}, pages = {10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Involvement in sport and exercise not only provides participants with health benefits but can be an important aspect of living a meaningful life. The COVID-19 pandemic and the temporary cessation of public life in March/April/May 2020 came with restrictions, which probably also made it difficult, if not impossible, to participate in certain types of sport or exercise. Following the philosophical position that different types of sport and exercise offer different ways of "relating to the world," this study explored (dis)continuity in the type of sport and exercise people practiced during the pandemic-related lockdown, and possible effects on mood. Data from a survey of 601 adult exercisers, collected shortly after the COVID-19 outbreak in Finland, were analyzed. Approximately one third (35\%) of the participants changed their "worldmaking" and shifted to "I-Nature"-type activities. We observed worse mood during the pandemic in those who shifted from "I-Me," compared to those who had preferred the "I-Nature" relation already before the pandemic and thus experienced continuity. The clouded mood of those experiencing discontinuity may be the result of a temporary loss of "feeling at home" in their new exercise life-world. However, further empirical investigation must follow, because the observed effect sizes were small.}, language = {en} } @article{RazaghiMoghadamSokolowskaSowaetal.2021, author = {Razaghi-Moghadam, Zahra and Sokolowska, Ewelina and Sowa, Marcin A. and Skirycz, Aleksandra and Nikoloski, Zoran}, title = {Combination of network and molecule structure accurately predicts competitive inhibitory interactions}, series = {Computational and structural biotechnology journal}, volume = {19}, journal = {Computational and structural biotechnology journal}, publisher = {Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology (RNCSB)}, address = {Gotenburg}, issn = {2001-0370}, doi = {10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.012}, pages = {2170 -- 2178}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Mining of metabolite-protein interaction networks facilitates the identification of design principles underlying the regulation of different cellular processes. However, identification and characterization of the regulatory role that metabolites play in interactions with proteins on a genome-scale level remains a pressing task. Based on availability of high-quality metabolite-protein interaction networks and genome-scale metabolic networks, here we propose a supervised machine learning approach, called CIRI that determines whether or not a metabolite is involved in a competitive inhibitory regulatory interaction with an enzyme. First, we show that CIRI outperforms the naive approach based on a structural similarity threshold for a putative competitive inhibitor and the substrates of a metabolic reaction. We also validate the performance of CIRI on several unseen data sets and databases of metabolite-protein interactions not used in the training, and demonstrate that the classifier can be effectively used to predict competitive inhibitory interactions. Finally, we show that CIRI can be employed to refine predictions about metabolite-protein interactions from a recently proposed PROMIS approach that employs metabolomics and proteomics profiles from size exclusion chromatography in E. coli to predict metaboliteprotein interactions. Altogether, CIRI fills a gap in cataloguing metabolite-protein interactions and can be used in directing future machine learning efforts to categorize the regulatory type of these interactions.}, language = {en} } @article{CampbellKairaliyevaSanteretal.2022, author = {Campbell, Richard and Kairaliyeva, Talmira and Santer, Svetlana and Schneck, Emanuel and Miller, Reinhard}, title = {Direct resolution of the interactions of a hydrocarbon gas with adsorbed surfactant monolayers at the water/air interface using neutron reflectometry}, series = {Colloids and interfaces}, volume = {6}, journal = {Colloids and interfaces}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2504-5377}, doi = {10.3390/colloids6040068}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We have directly resolved in the present work the interfacial composition during and after the interactions of a saturated atmosphere of oil vapor with soluble surfactant solutions at a planar water/air interface for the first time. Experiments were conducted on interactions of hexane vapor with solutions of alkyltrimethylammonium bromides and sodium dodecyl sulfate to observe the balance between cooperativity and competition of the components at the interface. In all cases, hexane adsorption was strongly enhanced by the presence of the surfactant, even at bulk surfactant concentrations four orders of magnitude below the critical micelle concentration. Cooperativity of the surfactant adsorption was observed only for sodium dodecyl sulfate at intermediate bulk concentrations, yet for all four systems, competition set in at higher concentrations, as hexane adsorption reduced the surfactant surface excess. The data fully supported the complete removal of hexane from the interface following venting of the system to remove the saturated atmosphere of oil vapor. These results help to identify future experiments that would elaborate and could explain the cooperativity of surfactant adsorption, such as on cationic surfactants with short alkyl chains and a broader series of anionic surfactants. This work holds relevance for oil recovery applications with foam, where there is a gas phase saturated with oil vapor.}, language = {en} } @article{ShoghiArslanBastiaanseetal.2022, author = {Shoghi, Sara and Arslan, Seckin and Bastiaanse, Roelien and Popov, Srdan}, title = {Does a walk-through video help the parser down the garden-path?}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1009265}, pages = {14}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The human language processing mechanism assigns a structure to the incoming materials as they unfold. There is evidence that the parser prefers some attachment types over others; however, theories of sentence processing are still in dispute over the stage at which each source of information contributes to the parsing system. The present study aims to identify the nature of initial parsing decisions during sentence processing through manipulating attachment type and verbs' argument structure. To this end, we designed a self-paced reading task using globally ambiguous constructions in Dutch. The structures included double locative prepositional phrases (PPs) where the first PP could attach both to the verb (high attachment) and the noun preceding it (low attachment). To disambiguate the structures, we presented a visual context in the form of short animation clips prior to each reading task. Furthermore, we manipulated the argument structure of the sentences using 2- and 3-argument verbs. The results showed that parsing decisions were influenced by contextual cues depending on the argument structure of the verb. That is, the visual context overcame the preference for high attachment only in the case of 2-argument verbs, while this preference persisted in structures including 3-argument verbs as represented by longer reading times for the low attachment interpretations. These findings can be taken as evidence that our language processing system actively integrates information from linguistic and non-linguistic sources from the initial stages of analysis to build up meaning. We discuss our findings in light of serial and parallel models of sentence processing.}, language = {en} } @article{HabelSchmittGrosetal.2022, author = {Habel, Jan Christian and Schmitt, Thomas and Gros, Patrick and Ulrich, Werner}, title = {Breakpoints in butterfly decline in Central Europe over the last century}, series = {The science of the total environment : an international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man}, volume = {851}, journal = {The science of the total environment : an international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man}, number = {Part 2}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0048-9697}, doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158315}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Recent studies indicated severe decline of insect diversity and abundance across major parts of Central Europe. Theoretical studies showed that the drivers behind biodiversity loss vary considerably over time. However, these scenarios so far have been insufficiently approved by long-term and large-scale data. In this study we analysed the temporal trends of butterflies and Zygaenid moths across the federal state of Salzburg, northern Austria, from 1920 to 2019. Our study area covers a large variety of habitats and altitudes. Various changes of land use and intensification occurred during and shortly before our studied period, with a first wave of habitat destruction starting in the late 19th century, followed by the deterioration of habitat quality since the mid-20th century. We used 59,870 presence-only data of 168 butterfly and burnet moth species. Each of these species was classified according to ecological characteristics. Break point analyses for non-linear temporal trends in the community composition returned two major time windows. These time windows coincide with periods characterized by severe habitat destruction and the deterioration of habitat quality due to agricultural intensification. We found significant reductions of the proportion of species requiring specific habitats since 1920 and until today. We identified additional break points for species requiring high habitat qualities, endangered butterfly species, and sedentary species, particularly after a main break point in the 1960s. Our findings underline that, apart from habitat destruction, the deterioration of habitat quality is a main driver of biodiversity loss in general. Therefore, nature conservation should focus on maintaining the highest possible habitat quality.}, language = {en} } @article{GoerigkOuwensKuhnetal.2022, author = {G{\"o}rigk, Sarah and Ouwens, D. Margriet and Kuhn, Tanja and Altenhofen, Delsi and Binsch, Christian and Damen, Mareike and Khuong, Jenny Minh-An and Kaiser, Katharina and Knebel, Birgit and Vogel, Heike and Sch{\"u}rmann, Annette and Chadt, Alexandra and Al-Hasani, Hadi}, title = {Nudix hydrolase NUDT19 regulates mitochondrial function and ATP production in murine hepatocytes}, series = {Biochimica et biophysica acta : Molecular and cell biology of lipids}, volume = {1867}, journal = {Biochimica et biophysica acta : Molecular and cell biology of lipids}, number = {6}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1388-1981}, doi = {10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159153}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Changes in intracellular CoA levels are known to contribute to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) in human and rodents. However, the underlying genetic basis is still poorly understood. Due to their diverse susceptibility towards metabolic diseases, mouse inbred strains have been proven to serve as powerful tools for the identification of novel genetic factors that underlie the patho-physiology of NAFLD and diabetes. Transcriptome analysis of mouse liver samples revealed the nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X-type motif Nudt19 as novel candidate gene responsible for NAFLD and T2D development. Knockdown (KD) of Nudt19 increased mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production rates in Hepa 1-6 cells by 41\% and 10\%, respectively. The enforced utilization of glutamine or fatty acids as energy substrate reduced uncoupled respiration by 41\% and 47\%, respectively, in non-target (NT) siRNA transfected cells. This reduction was prevented upon Nudt19 KD. Furthermore, incubation with palmitate or oleate respectively increased mitochondrial ATP production by 31\% and 20\%, and uncoupled respiration by 23\% and 30\% in Nudt19 KD cells, but not in NT cells. The enhanced fatty acid oxidation in Nudt19 KD cells was accompanied by a 1.3-fold increased abundance of Pdk4. This study is the first to describe Nudt19 as regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism and potential mediator of NAFLD and T2D development.}, language = {en} } @article{FengKochovskiArenzetal.2022, author = {Feng, Yiqing and Kochovski, Zdravko and Arenz, Christoph and Lu, Yan and Kneipp, Janina}, title = {Structure and interaction of ceramide-containing liposomes with gold nanoparticles as characterized by SERS and Cryo-EM}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, volume = {126}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces}, number = {31}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1932-7447}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c01930}, pages = {13237 -- 13246}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Due to the great potential of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as local vibrational probe of lipid-nanostructure interaction in lipid bilayers, it is important to characterize these interactions in detail. The interpretation of SERS data of lipids in living cells requires an understanding of how the molecules interact with gold nanostructures and how intermolecular interactions influence the proximity and contact between lipids and nanoparticles. Ceramide, a sphingolipid that acts as important structural component and regulator of biological function, therefore of interest to probing, lacks a phosphocholine head group that is common to many lipids used in liposome models. SERS spectra of liposomes of a mixture of ceramide, phosphatidic acid, and phosphatidylcholine, as well as of pure ceramide and of the phospholipid mixture are reported. Distinct groups of SERS spectra represent varied contributions of the choline, sphingosine, and phosphate head groups and the structures of the acyl chains. Spectral bands related to the state of order of the membrane and moreover to the amide function of the sphingosine head groups indicate that the gold nanoparticles interact with molecules involved in different intermolecular relations. While cryogenic electron microscopy shows the formation of bilayer liposomes in all preparations, pure ceramide was found to also form supramolecular, concentric stacked and densely packed lamellar, nonliposomal structures. That the formation of such supramolecular assemblies supports the intermolecular interactions of ceramide is indicated by the SERS data. The unique spectral features that are assigned to the ceramide-containing lipid model systems here enable an identification of these molecules in biological systems and allow us to obtain information on their structure and interaction by SERS.}, language = {en} } @article{KnappAttingerHuth2022, author = {Knapp, Nikolai and Attinger, Sabine and Huth, Andreas}, title = {A question of scale: modeling biomass, gain and mortality distributions of a tropical forest}, series = {Biogeosciences}, volume = {19}, journal = {Biogeosciences}, number = {20}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau [u.a.]}, issn = {1726-4170}, doi = {10.5194/bg-19-4929-2022}, pages = {4929 -- 4944}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Describing the heterogeneous structure of forests is often challenging. One possibility is to analyze forest biomass in different plots and to derive plot-based frequency distributions. However, these frequency distributions depend on the plot size and thus are scale dependent. This study provides insights about transferring them between scales. Understanding the effects of scale on distributions of biomass is particularly important for comparing information from different sources such as inventories, remote sensing and modeling, all of which can operate at different spatial resolutions. Reliable methods to compare results of vegetation models at a grid scale with field data collected at smaller scales are still missing. The scaling of biomass and variables, which determine the forest biomass, was investigated for a tropical forest in Panama. Based on field inventory data from Barro Colorado Island, spanning 50 ha over 30 years, the distributions of aboveground biomass, biomass gain and mortality were derived at different spatial resolutions, ranging from 10 to 100 m. Methods for fitting parametric distribution functions were compared. Further, it was tested under which assumptions about the distributions a simple stochastic simulation forest model could best reproduce observed biomass distributions at all scales. Also, an analytical forest model for calculating biomass distributions at equilibrium and assuming mortality as a white shot noise process was tested. Scaling exponents of about 0.47 were found for the standard deviations of the biomass and gain distributions, while mortality showed a different scaling relationship with an exponent of 0.3. Lognormal and gamma distribution functions fitted with the moment matching estimation method allowed for consistent parameter transfers between scales. Both forest models (stochastic simulation and analytical solution) were able to reproduce observed biomass distributions across scales, when combined with the derived scaling relationships. The study demonstrates a way of how to approach the scaling problem in model-data comparisons by providing a transfer relationship. Further research is needed for a better understanding of the mechanisms that shape the frequency distributions at the different scales.}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenNiemzCescaetal.2021, author = {Petersen, Gesa Maria and Niemz, Peter and Cesca, Simone and Mouslopoulou, Vasiliki and Bocchini, Gian Maria}, title = {Clusty, the waveform-based network similarity clustering toolbox}, series = {Geophysical journal international / the Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society}, volume = {224}, journal = {Geophysical journal international / the Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society}, number = {3}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0956-540X}, doi = {10.1093/gji/ggaa568}, pages = {2044 -- 2059}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Clusty is a new open source toolbox dedicated to earthquake clustering based on waveforms recorded across a network of seismic stations. Its main application is the study of active faults and the detection and characterization of faults and fault networks. By using a density-based clustering approach, earthquakes pertaining to a common fault can be recognized even over long fault segments, and the first-order geometry and extent of active faults can be inferred. Clusty implements multiple techniques to compute a waveform based network similarity from maximum cross-correlation coefficients at multiple stations. The clustering procedure is designed to be transparent and parameters can be easily tuned. It is supported by a number of analysis visualization tools which help to assess the homogeneity within each cluster and the differences among distinct clusters. The toolbox returns graphical representations of the results. A list of representative events and stacked waveforms facilitate further analyses like moment tensor inversion. Results obtained in various frequency bands can be combined to account for large magnitude ranges. Thanks to the simple configuration, the toolbox is easily adaptable to new data sets and to large magnitude ranges. To show the potential of our new toolbox, we apply Clusty to the aftershock sequence of the M-w 6.9 25 October 2018 Zakynthos (Greece) Earthquake. Thanks to the complex tectonic setting at the western termination of the Hellenic Subduction System where multiple faults and faulting styles operate simultaneously, the Zakynthos data set provides an ideal case-study for our clustering analysis toolbox. Our results support the activation of several faults and provide insight into the geometry of faults or fault segments. We identify two large thrust faulting clusters in the vicinity of the main shock and multiple strike-slip clusters to the east, west and south of these clusters. Despite its location within the largest thrust cluster, the main shock does not show a high waveform similarity to any of the clusters. This is consistent with the results of other studies suggesting a complex failure mechanism for the main shock. We propose the existence of conjugated strike-slip faults in the south of the study area. Our waveform similarity based clustering toolbox is able to reveal distinct event clusters which cannot be discriminated based on locations and/or timing only. Additionally, the clustering results allows distinction between fault and auxiliary planes of focal mechanisms and to associate them to known active faults.}, language = {en} } @article{SerranoMunozUlbrichtFritschetal.2021, author = {Serrano-Munoz, Itziar and Ulbricht, Alexander and Fritsch, Tobias and Mishurova, Tatiana and Kromm, Arne and Hofmann, Michael and Wimpory, Robert C. and Evans, Alexander and Bruno, Giovanni}, title = {Scanning manufacturing parameters determining the residual stress state in LPBF IN718 small parts}, series = {Advanced engineering materials}, volume = {23}, journal = {Advanced engineering materials}, number = {7}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1438-1656}, doi = {10.1002/adem.202100158}, pages = {13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The influence of scan strategy on the residual stress (RS) state of an as-built IN718 alloy produced by means of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is investigated. Two scan vector rotations (90 degrees-alternation and 67 degrees-rotation), each produced following two different scan vector lengths (long and short), are used to manufacture four rectangular prisms. Neutron diffraction (ND) and laboratory X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques are used to map the bulk and surface RS state, respectively. The distortion induced upon removal from the baseplate is measured via profilometry. XRD measurements show that the two long scan vector strategies lead to higher RS when compared with the equivalent short scan vector strategies. Also, the 67 degrees-rotation strategies generate lower RS than their 90 degrees-alternation counterparts. Due to the lack of reliable stress-free d0 references, the ND results are analyzed using von Mises stress. In general, ND results show significant RS spatial non-uniformity. A comparison between ND and distortion results indicates that the RS component parallel to the building direction (Z-axis) has a predominant role in the Z-displacement. The use of a stress balance scheme allows to discuss the d0 variability along the length of the specimens, as well as examine the absolute RS state.}, language = {en} } @article{DeyBookhagenThiedeetal.2022, author = {Dey, Saptarshi and Bookhagen, Bodo and Thiede, Rasmus C. and Wittmann, Hella and Chauhan, Naveen and Jain, Vikrant and Strecker, Manfred R.}, title = {Impact of Late Pleistocene climate variability on paleo-erosion rates in the western Himalaya}, series = {Earth and planetary science letters}, volume = {578}, journal = {Earth and planetary science letters}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]}, issn = {0012-821X}, doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117326}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {It has been proposed that at short timescales of 10(2)-10(5) yr, climatic variability can explain variations in sediment flux, but in orogens with pronounced climatic gradients rate changes caused by the oscillating efficiency in rainfall, runoff, and/or sediment transport and deposition are still not well-constrained. To explore landscape responses under variable climatic forcing, we evaluate time windows of prevailing sediment aggradation and related paleo-erosion rates from the southern flanks of the Dhauladhar Range in the western Himalaya. We compare past and present Be-10-derived erosion rates of well-dated Late Pleistocene fluvial landforms and modern river sediments and reconstruct the sediment aggradation and incision history based on new luminescence data. Our results document significant variations in erosion rates ranging from 0.1 to 3.4 mm/yr over the Late Pleistocene. We find that, during times of weak monsoon intensity, the moderately steep areas (hillslope angles of 27 +/- 13 degrees) erode at lower rates of 0.1-0.4 mm/yr compared to steeper (>40 degrees) crestal regions of the Dhauladhar Range that erode at 0.8-1.3 mm/yr. In contrast, during several millennia of stronger monsoon intensity, both the moderately steep and high slope areas record higher erosion rates (>1-3.4 mm/yr). Lithological clast-count analysis shows that this increase of erosion is focused in the moderately steep areas, where Lesser Himalayan rocks are exposed. Our data thus highlight the highly non-linear response of climatic forcing on landscape evolution and suggest complex depositional processes and sedimentary signals in downstream areas. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{LeidigCasaleWilbertetal.2022, author = {Leidig, Tatjana and Casale, Gino and Wilbert, J{\"u}rgen and Hennemann, Thomas and Volpe, Robert J. and Briesch, Amy and Grosche, Michael}, title = {Individual, generalized, and moderated effects of the good behavior game on at-risk primary school students}, series = {Frontiers in Education}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in Education}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2504-284X}, doi = {10.3389/feduc.2022.917138}, pages = {15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The current study examined the impact of the Good Behavior Game (GBG) on the academic engagement (AE) and disruptive behavior (DB) of at-risk students' in a German inclusive primary school sample using behavioral progress monitoring. A multiple baseline design across participants was employed to evaluate the effects of the GBG on 35 primary school students in seven classrooms from grade 1 to 3 (M-age = 8.01 years, SDage = 0.81 years). The implementation of the GBG was randomly staggered by 2 weeks across classrooms. Teacher-completed Direct Behavior Rating (DBR) was applied to measure AE and DB. We used piecewise regression and a multilevel extension to estimate the individual case-specific treatment effects as well as the generalized effects across cases. Piecewise regressions for each case showed significant immediate treatment effects for the majority of participants (82.86\%) for one or both outcome measures. The multilevel approach revealed that the GBG improved at-risk students' classroom behaviors generally with a significant immediate treatment effect across cases (for AE, B = 0.74, p < 0.001; for DB, B = -1.29, p < 0.001). The moderation between intervention effectiveness and teacher ratings of students' risks for externalizing psychosocial problems was significant for DB (B = -0.07, p = 0.047) but not for AE. Findings are consistent with previous studies indicating that the GBG is an appropriate classroom-based intervention for at-risk students and expand the literature regarding differential effects for affected students. In addition, the study supports the relevance of behavioral progress monitoring and data-based decision-making in inclusive schools in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the GBG and, if necessary, to modify the intervention for individual students or the whole group.}, language = {en} } @article{FiggeDimitrovSchlosseretal.2022, author = {Figge, Frank and Dimitrov, Stanko and Schlosser, Rainer and Chenavaz, Regis}, title = {Does the circular economy fuel the throwaway society? The role of opportunity costs for products that lose value over time}, series = {Journal of cleaner production}, volume = {368}, journal = {Journal of cleaner production}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0959-6526}, doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133207}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The efficient use of natural resources is considered a necessary condition for their sustainable use. Extending the lifetime of products and using resources circularly are two popular strategies to increase the efficiency of resource use. Both strategies are usually assumed to contribute to the eco-efficiency of resource use independently. We argue that a move to a circular economy creates opportunity costs for consumers holding on to their products, due to the resource embedded in the product. Assuming rational consumers, we develop a model that determines optimal replacement times for products subject to minimizing average costs over time. We find that in a perfectly circular economy, consumers are incentivized to discard their products more quickly than in a perfectly linear economy. A direct consequence of our finding is that extending product use is in direct conflict with closing resource loops in the circular economy. We identify the salvage value of discarded products and technical progress as two factors that determine the impact that closing resource loops has on the duration of product use. The article highlights the risk that closing resource loops and moving to a more circular economy incentivizes more unsustainable behavior.}, language = {en} } @article{NikolenkoStepanovRoddatisetal.2022, author = {Nikolenko, Anna M. M. and Stepanov, Konstantin M. M. and Roddatis, Vladimir and Veksler, Ilya V. V.}, title = {Crystallization of bastnasite and burbankite from carbonatite melt in the system La(CO3)F-CaCO3-Na2CO3 at 100 MPa}, series = {American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials}, volume = {107}, journal = {American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials}, number = {12}, publisher = {Mineralogical Society of America}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, issn = {0003-004X}, doi = {10.2138/am-2022-8064}, pages = {2242 -- 2250}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Bastnsite [REE(CO3)F] is the main mineral of REE ore deposits in carbonatites. Synthetic bastnsite-like compounds were precipitated from aqueous solutions by many different methods, but previous attempts to model magmatic crystallization of bastnsite from hydrous calciocarbonatite melts were unsuccessful. Here we present the first experimental evidence that bastnsite and two other REE carbonates, burbankite, and lukechangite, can crystallize from carbonatite melt in the synthetic system La(CO3)F-CaCO3-Na2CO3 at temperatures between 580 and 850 degrees C and a pressure 100 MPa. The experiments on starting mixtures of reagent-grade CaCO3, Na2CO3, La-2(CO3)(3), and LaF3 were carried out in cold-seal rapid-quench pressure vessels. The studied system is an isobaric pseudoternary join of a quinary system where CO2 and fluorides act as independent components. Liquidus phases in the run products are calcite, nyerereite, Na carbonate, bastnsite, burbankite solid solution (Na,Ca)(3)(Ca,La)(3)(CO3)(5), and lukechangite Na3La2(CO3)(4)F. Calcite and bastnite form a eutectic in the boundary join La(CO3)F-CaCO3 at 780 +/- 20 degrees C and 58 wt\% La(CO3)F. Phase equilibria in the boundary join La(CO3)F-Na2CO3 are complicated by peritectic reaction between Ca-free end-member of burbankite solid solution petersenite (Pet) and lukechangite (Luk) with liquid (L): Na4La2(CO3)(5) (Pet) + NaF (L) = Na3La2(CO3)(4)F (Luk) + Na2CO3 (Nc). The right-hand-side assemblage becomes stable below 600 +/- 20 degrees C. In ternary mixtures, bastnsite (Bst), burbankite (Bur), and calcite (Cc) are involved in another peritectic reaction: 2La(CO3)F (Bst) + CaCO3 (Cc) + 2Na(2)CO(3) (L) = Na2CaLa2(CO3)(5) (Bur) + 2NaF (L). Burbankite in equilibrium with calcite replaces bastnsite below 730 +/- 20 degrees C. Stable solidus assemblages in the pseudoternary system are: basnsite-burbankite-fluorite-calcite, basnasite-burbankite-fluorite-lukechangite, bastnsite-burbankite-lukechangite, burbankite-lukechangite-nyerereitecalcite, and burbankite-lukechangite-nyerereite-natrite. Addition of 10 wt\% Ca-3(PO4)(2) to one of the ternary mixtures resulted in massive crystallization of La-bearing apatite and monazite and complete disappearance of bastnsite and burbankite. Our results confirm that REE-bearing phosphates are much more stable than carbonates and fluorocarbonates. Therefore, primary crystallization of the latter from common carbonatite magmas is unlikely. Possible exceptions are carbonatites at Mountain Pass that are characterized by very low P2O5 concentrations (usually at or below 0.5 wt\%) and extremely high REE contents in the order of a few weight percent or more. In other carbonatites, bastnsite and burbankite probably crystallized from highly concentrated alkaline carbonate-chloride brines that were found in melt inclusions and are thought to be responsible for widespread fenitization around carbonatite bodies.}, language = {en} } @article{WrightWachs2021, author = {Wright, Michelle F. and Wachs, Sebastian}, title = {The buffering effect of parent social support in the longitudinal associations between cyber polyvictimization and academic outcomes}, series = {Social psychology of education : an international journal}, volume = {24}, journal = {Social psychology of education : an international journal}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1381-2890}, doi = {10.1007/s11218-021-09647-6}, pages = {1145 -- 1161}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Objective: Little attention has been given to the relationship between cyber polyvictimization and academic outcomes (e.g., classroom misconduct, school readiness, academic performance, absenteeism, school behavioral problems), and the factors, such as parent social support, that buffer against the negative outcomes associated with experiencing multiple forms of victimization. Addressing gaps in the literature by including a longitudinal design and objective assessments of academic outcomes, the present study examined the moderating effect of parent social support in the association between cyber polyvictimization and academic outcomes over one and a half years later. Method: Participants were 371 8th graders (50\% female) from middle schools in the United States, who completed questionnaires on offline and cyber polyvictimization and parent social support during the 7th grade. Teachers completed questionnaires on students' classroom misconduct and school readiness during 7th and 8th grade. School records were used to determine absenteeism, academic performance, and school behavioral problems (i.e., referrals, in-school suspension, out-of-school suspension) during 7th and 8th grade. Results: Findings revealed that 7th grade cyber polyvictimization was related positively to 8th grade classroom misconduct, absenteeism, and school behavioral problems, while it was negatively associated with 8th grade academic performance and school readiness. Parent social support moderated the associations between cyber polyvictimization and school readiness, academic performance, and absenteeism. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of intervening in adolescents' experience of cyber polyvictimization to reduce negative academic outcomes.}, language = {en} }