@phdthesis{Strauss2023,
  author    = {Strauß, Volker},
  title     = {Laser-induced carbonization - from fundamentals to applications},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-59199},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-591995},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 78, A245},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Fabricating electronic devices from natural, renewable resources has been a common goal in engineering and materials science for many years. In this regard, carbon is of special significance due to its biological compatibility. In the laboratory, carbonized materials and their composites have been proven as promising solutions for a range of future applications in electronics, optoelectronics, or catalytic systems. On the industrial scale, however, their application is inhibited by tedious and expensive preparation processes and a lack of control over the processing and material parameters. Therefore, we are exploring new concepts for the direct utilization of functional carbonized materials in electronic applications. In particular, laser-induced carbonization (carbon laser-patterning (CLaP)) is emerging as a new tool for the precise and selective synthesis of functional carbon-based materials for flexible on-chip applications. We developed an integrated approach for on-the-spot laser-induced synthesis of flexible, carbonized films with specific functionalities. To this end, we design versatile precursor inks made from naturally abundant starting compounds and reactants to cast films which are carbonized with an infrared laser to obtain functional patterns of conductive porous carbon networks. In our studies we obtained deep mechanistic insights into the formation process and the microstructure of laser-patterned carbons (LP-C). We shed light on the kinetic reaction mechanism based on the interplay between the precursor properties and the reaction conditions. Furthermore, we investigated the use of porogens, additives, and reactants to provide a toolbox for the chemical and physical fine-tuning of the electronic and surface properties and the targeted integration of functional sites into the carbon network. Based on this knowledge, we developed prototype resistive chemical and mechanical sensors. In further studies, we show the applicability of LP-C as electrode materials in electrocatalytic and charge-storage applications. To put our findings into a common perspective, our results are embedded into the context of general carbonization strategies, fundamentals of laser-induced materials processing, and a broad literature review on state-of-the-art laser-carbonization, in the general part.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Metzger2023,
  author    = {Metzger, Sabrina},
  title     = {Neotectonic deformation over space and time as observed by space-based geodesy},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-59922},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-599225},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {V, 217},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Alfred Wegeners ideas on continental drift were doubted for several decades until the discovery of polarization changes at the Atlantic seafloor and the seismic catalogs imaging oceanic subduction underneath the continental crust (Wadati-Benioff Zone). It took another 20 years until plate motion could be directly observed and quantified by using space geodesy. Since then, it is unthinkable to do neotectonic research without the use of satellite-based methods. Thanks to a tremendeous increase of instrumental observations in space and time over the last decades we significantly increased our knowledge on the complexity of the seismic cycle, that is, the interplay of tectonic stress build up and release. Our classical assumption, earthquakes were the only significant phenomena of strain release previously accumulated in a linear fashion, is outdated. We now know that this concept is actually decorated with a wide range of slow and fast processes such as triggered slip, afterslip, post-seismic and visco-elastic relaxation of the lower crust, dynamic pore-pressure changes in the elastic crust, aseismic creep, slow slip events and seismic swarms. On the basis of eleven peer-reviewed papers studies I here present the diversity of crustal deformation processes. Based on time-series analyses of radar imagery and satellited-based positioning data I quantify tectonic surface deformation and use numerical and analytical models and independent geologic and seismologic data to better understand the underlying crustal processes. The main part of my work focuses on the deformation observed in the Pamir, the Hindu Kush and the Tian Shan that together build the highly active continental collision zone between Northwest-India and Eurasia. Centered around the Sarez earthquake that ruptured the center of the Pamir in 2015 I present diverse examples of crustal deformation phenomena. Driver of the deformation is the Indian indenter, bulldozing into the Pamir, compressing the orogen that then collapses westward into the Tajik depression. A second natural observatory of mine to study tectonic deformation is the oceanic subduction zone in Chile that repeatedly hosts large earthquakes of magnitude 8 and more. These are best to study post-seismic relaxation processes and coupling of large earthquake. My findings nicely illustrate how complex fashion and how much the different deformation phenomena are coupled in space and time. My publications contribute to the awareness that the classical concept of the seismic cycle needs to be revised, which, in turn, has a large influence in the classical, probabilistic seismic hazard assessment that primarily relies on statistically solid recurrence times.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Breternitz2023,
  author    = {Breternitz, Joachim},
  title     = {Structural systematic investigations of photovoltaic absorber materials},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {189},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The direct conversion of light from the sun into usable forms of energy marks one of the central cornerstones of the change of our living from the use of fossil, non-renewable energy resources towards a more sustainable economy. Besides the necessary societal changes necessary, it is the understanding of the solids employed that is of particular importance for the success of this target. In this work, the principles and approaches of systematic-crystallographic characterisation and systematisation of solids is used and employed to allow a directed tuning of the materials properties. The thorough understanding of the solid-state forms hereby the basis, on which more applied approaches are founded. Two material systems, which are considered as promising solar absorber materials, are at the core of this work: halide perovskites and II-IV-N2 nitride materials. While the first is renowned for its high efficiencies and rapid development in the last years, the latter is putting an emphasis on true sustainability in that toxic and scarce elements are avoided.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Gwozdz2023,
  author    = {Gwozdz, Patricia A.},
  title     = {Ecce figura},
  series = {Mimesis},
  journal   = {Mimesis},
  number    = {103},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin, Boston},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-099722-4},
  issn      = {0178-7489},
  doi       = {10.1515/9783110985863},
  pages     = {XII, 835},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Wor{\"u}ber wir reden, wenn wir von Figuren reden, ist eine komplexe Fragestellung, die unterschiedliche Disziplinen ber{\"u}hrt. Mit Erich Auerbachs figura/Mimesis-Projekt wurde die interdiszplin{\"a}re Forschung dieses Begriffs initiiert. Ob Literatur-, Bild- oder Wissensgeschichte - die Pr{\"a}senz und Aktualit{\"a}t von figura in der romanistischen und komparatistischen Forschung bezeugt ein anhaltendes Interesse an der Theoriearbeit zwischen Theologie, Philosophie, Literatur- und Kunstwissenschaft. Allerdings fehlt bislang eine grundlegende methodologische Reflexion, die die interdisziplin{\"a}ren Aspekte gleichrangig ber{\"u}cksichtigt und zu einer gemeinsamen Arbeit am Begriff vereinigt. Dieses Vers{\"a}umnis zu beheben, ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Arbeit. Ausgehend von Erich Auerbach, Walter Benjamin und Hannah Arendt verfolgt die Monographie in vergleichenden Konstellationen von der Antike bis in die Moderne die literatur- und kunsthistorischen, theologischen und philosophischen Spuren von figura, die zu einer Methode der literaturphilosophischen Figuralogie ausgebaut werden. Ecce figura versteht sich als ein Kompendium interdisziplin{\"a}rer Begriffsgeschichte zwischen Literatur, Philosophie und Theologie, das dazu einl{\"a}dt, in neuen Konstellationen gelesen und erweitert zu werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Bouakline2023,
  author    = {Bouakline, Foudhil},
  title     = {Manifestations of Quantum-Mechanical Effects in Molecular Reaction Dynamics},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {316},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {This habilitation thesis summarises the research work performed by the author during the last quindecennial period. The dissertation reflects his main research interests, which revolve around quantum dynamics of small-sized molecular systems, including their interactions with electromagnetic radiation or dissipative environments. This covers various dynamical processes that involve bound-bound, bound-free, and free-free molecular transitions. The latter encompass light-triggered rovibrational or rovibronic dynamics in bound molecules, molecular photodissociation induced by weak or strong laser fields, state-to-state reactive and/or inelastic molecular collisions, and phonon-driven vibrational relaxation of adsorbates at solid surfaces. Although the dissertation covers different topics of molecular reaction dynamics, most of these studies focus on nuclear quantum effects and their manifestations in experimental measures. The latter are assessed through comparison between quantum and classical predictions, and/or direct confrontation of theory and experiment. Most well known quantum concepts and effects will be encountered in this work. Yet, almost all these quantum notions find their roots in the central pillar of quantum theory, namely, the quantum superposition principle. Indeed, quantum coherence is the main source of most quantum effects, including interference, entanglement, and even tunneling. Thus, the common and predominant theme of all the investigations of this thesis is quantum coherence, and the survival or quenching of subsequent interference effects in various molecular processes. The lion's share of the dissertation is devoted to two associated quantum concepts, which are usually overlooked in computational molecular dynamics, viz. the Berry phase and identical nuclei symmetry. The importance of the latter in dynamical molecular processes and their direct fingerprints in experimental observables also rely very much on quantum coherence and entanglement. All these quantum phenomena are thoroughly discussed within the four main topics that form the core of this thesis. Each topic is described in a separate chapter, where it is briefly summarised and then illustrated with three peer-reviewed publications. The first topic deals with the relevance of quantum coherence/interference in molecular collisions, with a focus on the hydrogen-exchange reaction, H+H2 --> H2+H, and its isotopologues. For these collision processes, the significance of interference of probability amplitudes arises because of the existence of two main scattering pathways. The latter could be inelastic and reactive scattering, direct and time-delayed scattering, or two encircling reaction paths that loop in opposite senses around a conical intersection (CI) of the H3 molecular system. Our joint theoretical-experimental investigations of these processes reveal strong interference and geometric phase (GP) effects in state-to-state reaction probabilities and differential cross sections. However, these coherent effects completely cancel in integral cross sections and reaction rate constants, due to efficient dephasing of interference between the different scattering amplitudes. As byproducts of these studies, we highlight the discovery of two novel scattering mechanisms, which contradict conventional textbook pictures of molecular reaction dynamics. The second topic concerns the effect of the Berry phase on molecular photodynamics at conical intersections. To understand this effect, we developed a topological approach that separates the total molecular wavefunction of an unbound molecular system into two components, which wind in opposite senses around the conical intersection. This separation reveals that the only effect of the geometric phase is to change the sign of the relative phase of these two components. This in turn leads to a shift in the interference pattern of the molecular system---a phase shift that is reminiscient of the celebrated Aharonov-Bohm effect. This procedure is numerically illustrated with photodynamics at model standard CIs, as well as strong-field dissociation of diatomics at light-induced conical intersections (LICIs). Besides the fundamental aspect of these studies, their findings allow to interpret and predict the effect of the GP on the state-resolved or angle-resolved spectra of pump-probe experimental schemes, particularly the distributions of photofragments in molecular photodissociation experiments. The third topic pertains to the role of the indistinguishability of identical nuclei in molecular reaction dynamics, with an emphasis on dynamical localization in highly symmetric molecules. The main object of these studies is whether nuclear-spin statistics allow dynamical localization of the electronic, vibrational, or even rotational density on a specific molecular substructure or configuration rather than on another one which is identical (indistinguishable). Group-theoretic analysis of the symmetrized molecular wavefunctions of these systems shows that nuclear permutation symmetry engenders quantum entanglement between the eigenstates of the different molecular degrees of freedom. This subsequently leads to complete quenching of dynamical localization over indistinguishable molecular substructures---an observation that is in sharp contradiction with well known textbook views of iconic molecular processes. This is illustrated with various examples of quantum dynamics in symmetric double-well achiral molecules, such as the prototypical umbrella inversion motion of ammonia, electronic Kekul{\´e} dynamics in the benzene molecule, and coupled electron-nuclear dynamics in laser-induced indirect photodissociation of the dihydrogen molecular cation. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the development of approximate wavefunction approaches for phonon-induced vibrational relaxation of adsorbates (system) at surfaces (bath). Due to the so-called 'curse of dimensionality', these system-bath complexes cannot be handled with standard wavefunction methods. To alleviate the exponential scaling of the latter, we developed approximate yet quite accurate numerical schemes that have a polynomial scaling with respect to the bath dimensionality. The corresponding algorithms combine symmetry-based reductions of the full vibrational Hilbert space and iterative Krylov techniques. These approximate wavefunction approaches resemble the 'Bixon-Jortner model' and the more general 'quantum tier model'. This is illustrated with the decay of H-Si (D-Si) vibrations on a fully H(D)-covered silicon surface, which is modelled with a phonon-bath of more than two thousand oscillators. These approximate methods allow reliable estimation of the adsorbate vibrational lifetimes, and provide some insight into vibration-phonon couplings at solid surfaces. Although this topic is mainly computational, the developed wavefunction approaches permit to describe quantum entanglement between the system and bath states, and to embody some coherent effects in the time-evolution of the (sub-)system, which cannot be accounted for with the widely used 'reduced density matrix formalism'.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Savatieiev2023,
  author    = {Savatieiev, Oleksandr},
  title     = {Carbon nitride semiconductors: properties and application as photocatalysts in organic synthesis},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {272},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Graphitic carbon nitrides (g-CNs) are represented by melon-type g-CN, poly(heptazine imides) (PHIs), triazine-based g-CN and poly(triazine imide) with intercalated LiCl (PTI/Li+Cl‒). These materials are composed of sp2-hybridized carbon and nitrogen atoms; C:N ratio is close to 3:4; the building unit is 1,3,5-triazine or tri-s-triazine; the building units are interconnected covalently via sp2-hybridized nitrogen atoms or NH-moieties; the layers are assembled into a stack via weak van der Waals forces as in graphite. Due to medium band gap (~2.7 eV) g-CNs, such as melon-type g-CN and PHIs, are excited by photons with wavelength ≤ 460 nm. Since 2009 g-CNs have been actively studied as photocatalysts in evolution of hydrogen and oxygen - two half-reactions of full water splitting, by employing corresponding sacrificial agents. At the same time application of g-CNs as photocatalysts in organic synthesis has been remaining limited to few reactions only. Cumulative Habilitation summarizes research work conducted by the group 'Innovative Heterogeneous Photocatalysis' between 2017-2023 in the field of carbon nitride organic photocatalysis, which is led by Dr. Oleksandr Savatieiev. g-CN photocatalysts activate molecules, i.e. generate their more reactive open-shell intermediates, via three modes: i) Photoinduced electron transfer (PET); ii) Excited state proton-coupled electron transfer (ES-PCET) or direct hydrogen atom transfer (dHAT); iii) Energy transfer (EnT). The scope of reactions that proceed via oxidative PET, i.e. one-electron oxidation of a substrate to the corresponding radical cation, are represented by synthesis of sulfonylchlorides from S-acetylthiophenols. The scope of reactions that proceed via reductive PET, i.e. one-electron reduction of a substrate to the corresponding radical anion, are represented by synthesis of γ,γ-dichloroketones from the enones and chloroform. Due to abundance of sp2-hybridized nitrogen atoms in the structure of g-CN materials, they are able to cleave X-H bonds in organic molecules and store temporary hydrogen atom. ES-PCET or dHAT mode of organic molecules activation to the corresponding radicals is implemented for substrates featuring relatively acidic X-H bonds and those that are characterized by low bond dissociation energy, such as C-H bond next to the heteroelements. On the other hand, reductively quenched g-CN carrying hydrogen atom reduces a carbonyl compound to the ketyl radical via PCET that is thermodynamically more favorable pathway compared to the electron transfer. The scope of these reactions is represented by cyclodimerization of α,β-unsaturated ketones to cyclopentanoles. g-CN excited state demonstrates complex dynamics with the initial formation of singlet excited state, which upon intersystem crossing produces triplet excited state that is characterized by the lifetime > 2 μs. Due to long lifetime, g-CN activate organic molecules via EnT. For example, g-CN sensitizes singlet oxygen, which is the key intermediate in the dehydrogenation of aldoximes to nitrileoxides. The transient nitrileoxide undergoes [3+2]-cycloaddition to nitriles and gives oxadiazoles-1,2,4. PET, ES-PCET and EnT are fundamental phenomena that are applied beyond organic photocatalysis. Hybrid composite is formed by combining conductive polymers, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) with potassium poly(heptazine imide) (K-PHI). Upon PET, K-PHI modulated population of polarons and therefore conductivity of PEDOT:PSS. The initial state of PEDOT:PSS is recovered upon material exposure to O2. K-PHI:PEDOT:PSS may be applied in O2 sensing. In the presence of electron donors, such as tertiary amines and alcohols, and irradiation with light, K-PHI undergoes photocharging - the g-CN material accumulates electrons and charge-compensating cations. Such photocharged state is stable under anaerobic conditions for weeks, but at the same time it is a strong reductant. This feature allows decoupling in time light harvesting and energy storage in the form of electron-proton couples from utilization in organic synthesis. The photocharged state of K-PHI reduces nitrobenzene to aniline, and enables dimerization of α,β-unsaturated ketones to hexadienones in dark.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Margraf2023,
  author    = {Margraf, Johannes T.},
  title     = {Science-driven chemical machine learning},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {413},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Meyer2023,
  author    = {Meyer, Dominique M.-A.},
  title     = {The circumstellar medium of massive stars},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {318},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Guill2022,
  author    = {Guill, Christian},
  title     = {Structure, stability and functioning of food webs},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56115},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-561153},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {250},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {In this thesis, a collection of studies is presented that advance research on complex food webs in several directions. Food webs, as the networks of predator-prey interactions in ecosystems, are responsible for distributing the resources every organism needs to stay alive. They are thus central to our understanding of the mechanisms that support biodiversity, which in the face of increasing severity of anthropogenic global change and accelerated species loss is of highest importance, not least for our own well-being. The studies in the first part of the thesis are concerned with general mechanisms that determine the structure and stability of food webs. It is shown how the allometric scaling of metabolic rates with the species' body masses supports their persistence in size-structured food webs (where predators are larger than their prey), and how this interacts with the adaptive adjustment of foraging efforts by consumer species to create stable food webs with a large number of coexisting species. The importance of the master trait body mass for structuring communities is further exemplified by demonstrating that the specific way the body masses of species engaging in empirically documented predator-prey interactions affect the predator's feeding rate dampens population oscillations, thereby helping both species to survive. In the first part of the thesis it is also shown that in order to understand certain phenomena of population dynamics, it may be necessary to not only take the interactions of a focal species with other species into account, but to also consider the internal structure of the population. This can refer for example to different abundances of age cohorts or developmental stages, or the way individuals of different age or stage interact with other species. Building on these general insights, the second part of the thesis is devoted to exploring the consequences of anthropogenic global change on the persistence of species. It is first shown that warming decreases diversity in size-structured food webs. This is due to starvation of large predators on higher trophic levels, which suffer from a mismatch between their respiration and ingestion rates when temperature increases. In host-parasitoid networks, which are not size-structured, warming does not have these negative effects, but eutrophication destabilises the systems by inducing detrimental population oscillations. In further studies, the effect of habitat change is addressed. On the level of individual patches, increasing isolation of habitat patches has a similar effect as warming, as it leads to decreasing diversity due to the extinction of predators on higher trophic levels. In this case it is caused by dispersal mortality of smaller and therefore less mobile species on lower trophic levels, meaning that an increasing fraction of their biomass production is lost to the inhospitable matrix surrounding the habitat patches as they become more isolated. It is further shown that increasing habitat isolation desynchronises population oscillations between the patches, which in itself helps species to persist by dampening fluctuations on the landscape level. However, this is counteracted by an increasing strength of local population oscillations fuelled by an indirect effect of dispersal mortality on the feeding interactions. Last, a study is presented that introduces a novel mechanism for supporting diversity in metacommunities. It builds on the self-organised formation of spatial biomass patterns in the landscape, which leads to the emergence of spatio-temporally varying selection pressures that keep local communities permanently out of equilibrium and force them to continuously adapt. Because this mechanism relies on the spatial extension of the metacommunity, it is also sensitive to habitat change. In the third part of the thesis, the consequences of biodiversity for the functioning of ecosystems are explored. The studies focus on standing stock biomass, biomass production, and trophic transfer efficiency as ecosystem functions. It is first shown that increasing the diversity of animal communities increases the total rate of intra-guild predation. However, the total biomass stock of the animal communities increases nevertheless, which also increases their exploitative pressure on the underlying plant communities. Despite this, the plant communities can maintain their standing stock biomass due to a shift of the body size spectra of both animal and plant communities towards larger species with a lower specific respiration rate. In another study it is further demonstrated that the generally positive relationship between diversity and the above mentioned ecosystem functions becomes steeper when not only the feeding interactions but also the numerous non-trophic interactions (like predator interference or competition for space) between the species of an ecosystem are taken into account. Finally, two studies are presented that demonstrate the power of functional diversity as explanatory variable. It is interpreted as the range spanned by functional traits of the species that determine their interactions. This approach allows to mechanistically understand how the ecosystem functioning of food webs with multiple trophic levels is affected by all parts of the food web and why a high functional diversity is required for efficient transportation of energy from primary producers to the top predators. The general discussion draws some synthesising conclusions, e.g. on the predictive power of ecosystem functioning to explain diversity, and provides an outlook on future research directions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schwanghart2022,
  author    = {Schwanghart, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Digital elevation model analysis in geomorphology and natural hazards research},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Lenz2022,
  author    = {Lenz, Markus Alexander},
  title     = {Die verletzte Republik},
  series = {Mimesis : romanische Literaturen der Welt},
  journal   = {Mimesis : romanische Literaturen der Welt},
  number    = {101},
  publisher = {De Gruyter},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-11-079955-2},
  issn      = {0178-7489},
  doi       = {10.1515/9783110799620},
  pages     = {XV, 659},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Die Studie stellt die Frage nach dem Beitrag erz{\"a}hlender Literatur zu einem Dialog {\"u}ber Formen der Gewalt im gesellschaftlichen Raum Frankreich zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts. Unter R{\"u}ckgriff auf Bourdieu'sche Konzepte literatursoziologischer Theorie diskutiert sie zun{\"a}chst die f{\"u}r ein sozialwissenschaftlich relevantes Erfassen des Wissens von Literatur notwendige Perspektive auf erz{\"a}hlte Gewalt. Bei dem daf{\"u}r untersuchten Text-Korpus handelt es sich um vielrezipierte Erz{\"a}hltexte des literarischen Feldes in Frankreich, welche gr{\"o}ßtenteils in der zweiten Dekade des 21. Jahrhunderts erschienen sind. Ausgehend von theoretischen {\"U}berlegungen zu Grenzen und M{\"o}glichkeiten einer solchen feldsoziologischen Fokussierung auf die Literatur der unmittelbaren Gegenwart wird am konkreten Textmaterial und mit den Mitteln der Literaturwissenschaft untersucht, wie und warum die franz{\"o}sische Literatur {\"u}ber unterschiedliche Formen von Gewalt, vom Erinnern an die historisch gewordenen Gewalttraumata des 20. Jahrhunderts, vom Terrorismus des 21. Jahrhunderts, von Rassismus und Klassismus der Gegenwart, von Femiziden und Homophobie, {\"u}ber «Abgeh{\"a}ngte» in l{\"a}ndlichen Gebieten, aber auch im Zentrum der Metropole, {\"u}ber Arbeitslosigkeit und Armut in Frankreich erz{\"a}hlt. Er{\"o}ffnet werden soll eine komplement{\"a}re Perspektive der Literaturwissenschaft zur soziologischen und historischen Gewaltforschung {\"u}ber den gesellschaftlichen Raum unseres europ{\"a}ischen Nachbarn.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Hermanns2021,
  author    = {Hermanns, Jolanda},
  title     = {Development, use and evaluation of concepts and materials for teaching organic chemistry at university},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Vogel2021,
  author    = {Vogel, Heike},
  title     = {Genetics of obesity and type 2 diabetes},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {183},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {By using mouse outcross populations in combination with bioinformatic approaches, it was possible to identify and characterize novel genes regulating body weight, fat mass and β-cell function, which all contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and T2D. In detail, the presented studies identified 1. Ifi202b/IFI16 as adipogenic gene involved in adipocyte commitment, maintenance of white adipocyte identity, fat cell size and the inflammatory state of adipose tissue. 2. Pla2g4a/PLA2G4A as gene linked to increased body weight and fat mass with a higher expression in adipose tissue of obese mice and pigs as well as in obese human subjects. 3. Ifgga2/IRGM as novel regulator of lipophagy protecting from excess hepatic lipid accumulation. 4. Nidd/DBA as a diabetogenic locus containing Kti12, Osbpl9, Ttc39a and Calr4 with differential expression in pancreatic islets and/or genetic variants. 5. miR-31 to be higher expressed in adipose tissue of obese and diabetic mice and humans targeting PPARy and GLUT4 and thereby involved in adipogenesis and insulin signaling. 6. Gjb4 as novel gene triggering the development of T2D by reducing insulin secretion, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation. The performed studies confirmed the complexity and strong genetic heritability character of obesity and T2D. A high number of genetic variations, each with a small effect, are collectively influencing the degree and severity of the disease. The use of mouse outcross populations is a valid tool for disease gene identification; however, to facilitate and accelerate the process of gene identification the combination of mouse cross data with advanced sequencing resources and the publicly available data sets are essential. The main goal for future studies should be the translation of these novel molecular discoveries to useful treatment therapies. More recently, several classes of novel unimolecular combination therapeutics have emerged with superior efficacy than currently prescribed options and pose the potential to reverse obesity and T2D (Finan et al., 2015). The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)- estrogen conjugate, which targets estrogen into cells expressing GLP-1 receptors, was shown to improve energy, glucose and lipid metabolism as well as to reduce food reward (Finan et al., 2012; Schwenk et al., 2014; Vogel et al., 2016). Another possibility is the development of miRNA-based therapeutics to prevent obesity and T2D, such as miRNA mimetics, anti-miRNA oligonucleotides and exosomes loaded with miRNAs (Ji and Guo, 2019; Gottmann et al., 2020). As already described, genome-wide association studies for polygenic obesity and T2D traits in humans have also led to the identification of numerous gene variants with modest effect, most of them having an unknown function (Yazdi et al., 2015). These discoveries resulted in novel animal models and have illuminated new biologic pathways. Therefore, the integration of mouse-human genetic approaches and the utilization of the synergistic effects have the potential to lead to the identification of more genes responsible for common Mendelian forms of obesity and T2D, as well as gene × gene and gene × environment interactions (Yazdi et al., 2015; Ingelsson and McCarthy, 2018). This combination may help to unravel the missing heritability of obesity and T2D, to identify novel drug targets and to design more efficient and personalized obesity prevention and management programs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{KabothBahr2021,
  author    = {Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie},
  title     = {Deciphering paleoclimate sensitivity across time and space},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This habilitation thesis includes seven case studies that examine climate variability during the past 3.5 million years from different temporal and spatial perspectives. The main geographical focus is on the climatic events of the of the African and Asian monsoonal system, the North Atlantic as well as the Arctic Ocean. The results of this study are based on marine and terrestrial climate archives obtained by sedimentological and geochemical methods, and subsequently analyzed by various statistical methods. The results herein presented results provide a picture of the climatic background conditions of past cold and warm periods, the sensitivity of past climatic climate phases in relation to changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide content, and the tight linkage between the low and high latitude climate system. Based on the results, it is concluded that a warm background climate state strongly influenced and/or partially reversed the linear relationships between individual climate processes that are valid today. Also, the driving force of the low latitudes for climate variability of the high latitudes is emphasized in the present work, which is contrary to the conventional view that the global climate change of the past 3.5 million years was predominantly controlled by the high latitude climate variability. Furthermore, it is found that on long geologic time scales (>1000 years to millions of years), solar irradiance variability due to changes in the Earth-Sun-Moon System may have increased the sensitivity of low and high latitudes to Influenced changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Taken together, these findings provide new insights into the sensitivity of past climate phases and provide new background conditions for numerical models, that predict future climate change.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Laeger2021,
  author    = {Laeger, Thomas},
  title     = {Protein-dependent regulation of feeding, metabolism, and development of type 2 diabetes},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {224},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Food intake is driven by the need for energy but also by the demand for essential nutrients such as protein. Whereas it was well known how diets high in protein mediate satiety, it remained unclear how diets low in protein induce appetite. Therefore, this thesis aims to contribute to the research area of the detection of restricted dietary protein and adaptive responses. This thesis provides clear evidence that the liver-derived hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endocrine signal of a dietary protein restriction, with the cellular amino acid sensor general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) kinase acting as an upstream regulator of FGF21 during protein restriction. In the brain, FGF21 is mediating the protein-restricted metabolic responses, e.g. increased energy expenditure, food intake, insulin sensitivity, and improved glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, endogenous FGF21 induced by dietary protein or methionine restriction is preventing the onset of type 2 diabetes in the New Zealand Obese mouse. Overall, FGF21 plays an important role in the detection of protein restriction and macronutrient imbalance in rodents and humans, and mediates both the behavioral and metabolic responses to dietary protein restriction. This makes FGF21 a critical physiological signal of dietary protein restriction, highlighting the important but often overlooked impact of dietary protein on metabolism and eating behavior, independent of dietary energy content.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kuehne2021,
  author    = {K{\"u}hne, Franziska},
  title     = {Beurteilung und Aufbau psychotherapeutischer Kompetenzen und die Ver{\"a}nderung von Patientenfertigkeiten},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{BacskaiAtkari2021,
  author    = {Bacskai-Atkari, Julia},
  title     = {The syntax of functional left peripheries},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {Vi, 215},
  year      = {2021},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Kleinjung2021,
  author    = {Kleinjung, Christine},
  title     = {Bischofsabsetzungen und Bischofsbild},
  series = {Quellen und Forschungen zum Recht im Mittelalter ; Band 11},
  journal   = {Quellen und Forschungen zum Recht im Mittelalter ; Band 11},
  edition   = {300},
  publisher = {Thorbecke},
  address   = {Ostfildern},
  isbn      = {978-3-7995-6091-7},
  pages     = {399},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Bisch{\"o}fe im Frankenreich waren einflussreiche politische Akteure, die im Laufe des 9. Jahrhunderts ein gelehrtes Wissen vom eigenen Amt entwickelten. Spiegelungen dieses Wissens {\"u}ber das Wesen des Bischofsamtes finden sich in vielen Texten, die meisten stammen aus Westfranken. Offen ist bislang jedoch, welche Relevanz dieses Wissen und das bisch{\"o}fliche Standesbewusstsein hatten - ist es als normativer Referenzrahmen von anderen politisch relevanten St{\"a}nden anerkannt? Wie entwickelt es sich {\"u}ber die Umbruchzeit des 10. Jahrhunderts in der post-karolingischen Zeit und beginnenden Kirchenreform? Diesen Fragen widmet sich das Buch durch eine Untersuchung von Bischofsabsetzungen in Westfranken im 9. und 10. Jahrhundert und durch eine Analyse des Bischofsbildes in monastischen wie bisch{\"o}flichen Kreisen im 10. und fr{\"u}hen 11. Jahrhundert. So kann ein differenziertes Bild der Wahrnehmung des Bischofsamtes und der konkrete Umgang mit dem Wissen vom Bischofsamt in verschiedenen Kontexten gezeichnet werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Boesel2021,
  author    = {B{\"o}sel, Bernd},
  title     = {Die Plastizit{\"a}t der Gef{\"u}hle},
  publisher = {Campus Verlag},
  address   = {Frankfurt},
  isbn      = {978-3-593-51453-6},
  pages     = {454},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Das emotionale Leben wird zunehmend durch digitale Technologien ausgelesen, reguliert und produziert. Diese gleichermaßen von Hoffnungen und {\"A}ngsten begleitete Entwicklung ist die vorerst letzte Station einer bis in die Fr{\"u}hgeschichte zur{\"u}ckreichenden, tiefgehenden Verschr{\"a}nkung von Affekt und (Kultur-)Technik. Bernd B{\"o}sel er{\"o}ffnet einen umfassenden genealogischen Blick auf die epochenmachenden Neujustierungen dieser Technisierung. Denn erst im Nachvollzug der verschiedenen Logiken des Verf{\"u}gens {\"u}ber Affekte wird es m{\"o}glich, die Verflechtung der Technisierungsformen zu verstehen, auf denen die Psychomacht der Gegenwart basiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ghods2021,
  author    = {Ghods, Mojtaba},
  title     = {Standardisierung der chirurgischen Therapie bei Lip{\"o}dem Patienten},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-53829},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-538299},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {IV, 206},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Das Therapiemanagement bei Lip{\"o}dem stellt auf Grund unzureichenden Wissensstandes in entscheidenden Aspekten eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Da die Pathogenese der Erkrankung nicht hinreichend gekl{\"a}rt ist und bislang kein pathognomonisches Diagnostikkriterium definiert wurde, beklagen viele Betroffene einen langj{\"a}hrigen Leidensweg bis zur Einleitung von Therapiemaßnahmen. Durch Steigerung der Awareness der Erkrankung in den letzten Jahren konnten die Intervalle bis zur korrekten Diagnose erfreulicherweise erheblich verk{\"u}rzt werden. Obwohl die Zuordnung der Beschwerden zu einer klar definierten Erkrankung f{\"u}r viele Patientinnen eine Erleichterung ist, stellt die Erkenntnis {\"u}ber begrenzte Therapiem{\"o}glichkeiten h{\"a}ufig eine neuerliche Belastung dar. Als Konsequenz der ungekl{\"a}rten Pathogenese konnte bis dato keine kausale Therapie f{\"u}r das Lip{\"o}dem definiert werden. Zu Beginn waren die M{\"o}glichkeiten konservativer Behandlungsstrategien nur eingeschr{\"a}nkt in den Rahmen eines allgemeing{\"u}ltigen Konzeptes involviert und insbesondere Limitationen nicht klar definiert. Obwohl in diversen Bereichen der Therapie weiterhin keine ausreichende Evidenz besteht, konnten durch eine systematische Aufarbeitung die grunds{\"a}tzlichen Behandlungsoptionen in Relation zueinander gesetzt werden. Betroffene Patientinnen, sowie die verschiedenen in die Behandlung integrierte medizinische Disziplinen verf{\"u}gen somit {\"u}ber einen grunds{\"a}tzlichen Handlungsalgorithmus, deren Empfehlungen {\"u}ber einfache Rezeptierung von Lymphdrainage und Kompressionsbekleidung hinausgehen. Durch kritische Reflexion der geltenden Dogmata wurde ein interdisziplin{\"a}rer Leitfaden vorgeschlagen, der auf nachvollziehbare Weise im Sinne eines Stufenschemas alle wesentlichen Therapies{\"a}ulen in einen allgemeing{\"u}ltigen Behandlungsplan einbindet. Im vielschichten Management der Erkrankung verbleibt die operative Behandlung, die Liposuktion, allerdings h{\"a}ufig als „ultima ratio" nach ausbleibender Linderung unter konservativen Therapiemaßnahmen. Die wesentliche Zielstellung der vorliegenden Arbeit konzentriert sich demnach auf die Optimierung des operativen Vorgehens in der Durchf{\"u}hrung von Liposuktionen bei Patientinnen mit Lip{\"o}dem und zeigt sowohl Grenzen der Indikationsstellung, als auch Potenzial des Behandlungserfolges im Langzeitverlauf auf. Langzeitergebnisse zeigen, dass die Liposuktion als sicherer Eingriff mit dem Potenzial einer nachhaltigen Symptomreduktion f{\"u}r Lip{\"o}dem-Patientinnen angesehen werden kann. Betont werden soll zudem die Notwendigkeit der Verzahnung operativer Maßnahmen mit konservativen Therapien und somit die Integration der Liposuktion als sinnvolle Behandlungsalternative in ein klar umrissenes Therapiekonzept. Methodisch greift die Arbeit auf insgesamt 10 Publikationen zur{\"u}ck. Die hier postulierte mehrzeitige Megaliposuktion zur Therapie des Lip{\"o}dems, mit summierten Gesamtaspirationsvolumina {\"u}ber alle Eingriffe von bis zu 66.000 ml, konnte als evidenzbasiertes Therapieverfahren best{\"a}tigt und validiert werden. Die beschriebenen niedrigen Komplikationsraten sind unter Anderem Resultat einer differenzierten, individualisierten perioperativen Strategie. Neben der Ber{\"u}cksichtigung grunds{\"a}tzlicher methodischer Prinzipien existieren allerdings vielf{\"a}ltige Variationen, deren Implikationen auf Komplikationsraten jeweils differenziert zu betrachten sind. Es existiert zwar kein Konsensus f{\"u}r ein allgemeing{\"u}ltiges Standardverfahren der Liposuktion, allerdings konnten zahlreiche Elemente im perioperativen Management definiert werden, die unabh{\"a}ngig von der verwendeten Operationstechnik einen potenziellen positiven Einfluss auf das Outcome haben. Obwohl die Liposuktion bei Lip{\"o}dem somit zusammenfassend mittlerweile als sicheres Verfahren gelten kann, sind einige Aspekte weiterhin nicht abschließend gekl{\"a}rt. Hierbei stehen vor allem das Volumenmanagement und die standardisierte Festlegung des maximalen Aspirationsvolumens im Fokus. Die Analyse verschiedener Kovariablen auf die Linderung Lip{\"o}dem-assoziierter Symptome nach Liposuktion zeigt, dass Alter, Body-Mass-Index (BMI) und pr{\"a}operatives Stadium der Erkrankung einen signifikanten Einfluss auf das postoperative Ergebnis haben und in der Planung des mehrzeitigen operativen Vorgehens ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden m{\"u}ssen. BMI- oder k{\"o}rpergewichtsabh{\"a}ngige Zielgr{\"o}ßen der Absaugvolumina waren als Prognosefaktor f{\"u}r das postoperative Outcome dagegen nicht relevant. Inwieweit dies m{\"o}glicherweise an der {\"U}berschreitung des „notwendigen" Volumengrenzwerts f{\"u}r ad{\"a}quate Symptomlinderung durch regul{\"a}re Durchf{\"u}hrung von Megaliposuktionen liegen k{\"o}nnte, oder ob dieser Parameter tats{\"a}chlich keinen Einfluss auf das Ergebnis nach Operation besitzt, konnte nicht abschließend gekl{\"a}rt werden. Weiterhin konnte ein positiver Nutzen auf assoziierte Begleiterkrankungen bei Lip{\"o}dem nachgewiesen werden. Das Spektrum der Behandlungsmethoden kann durch regul{\"a}re Integration der Liposuktion in das Therapieschema somit um eine nachhaltige Alternative sinnvoll erg{\"a}nzt werden. Im Unterschied zur alleinigen konservativen Therapie kann hierdurch ein wesentlicher Schritt weg von der alleinigen symptomatischen Therapie gemacht werden. Zudem die vielf{\"a}ltige Symptomatik der diversen assoziierten Komorbidit{\"a}ten zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen. Als Konsequenz und f{\"u}r die Notwendigkeit eines ganzheitlichen, interdisziplin{\"a}ren Therapieansatzes w{\"a}re der Terminus „Lip{\"o}dem-Syndrom" m{\"o}glicherweise treffender und wird zur Diskussion gestellt. F{\"u}r ein gesondertes Patientenklientel wurden zudem basale Grunds{\"a}tze im perioperativen Vorgehen differenziert aufgearbeitet. Lip{\"o}dem-Patientinnen mit begleitendem von-Willebrand-Syndrom stellen im Hinblick auf Blutungskomplikationen eine außerordentliche Herausforderung dar. Die vorliegenden evidenzbasierten Empfehlungen zum Therapiemanagement dieser Patientinnen bei Eingriffen {\"a}hnlicher Risikoklassifizierung wurden systematisch aufgearbeitet und in Bezug zu den speziellen Anforderungen bei Megaliposuktionen gebracht. Das dabei erarbeitete Therapieschema wird die pr{\"a}operative Detektion von Koagulopathien im Allgemeinen, sowie die perioperative Komplikationsrate bei von-Willebrand-Patientinnen im Speziellen zuk{\"u}nftig erheblich verbessern. Zusammenfassend konnte somit ein allgemeing{\"u}ltiger Algorithmus f{\"u}r die moderne und langfristig erfolgreiche Therapie von Lip{\"o}dem-Patientinnen mit besonderem Fokus auf die Megaliposuktion erarbeitet werden. Bei ad{\"a}quatem perioperativem Management und Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der großen Volumenverschiebungen kann der Eingriff komplikationsarm und sicher durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Nicht abschließend gekl{\"a}rt ist derzeit die Pathophysiologie der Erkrankung wobei eine immunologische Genese sowie die prim{\"a}re Pathologie des Lymphgef{\"a}ßsystems bzw. der Fett(vorl{\"a}ufer)zellen als Erkl{\"a}rungmodelle favorisiert werden. Die Entwicklung diagnostischer Biomarker sollte dabei verfolgt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}