@article{SandevSokolovMetzleretal.2017,
  author    = {Sandev, Trifce and Sokolov, Igor M. and Metzler, Ralf and Chechkin, Aleksei V.},
  title     = {Beyond monofractional kinetics},
  series = {Chaos, solitons \& fractals : applications in science and engineering ; an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science},
  volume    = {102},
  journal   = {Chaos, solitons \& fractals : applications in science and engineering ; an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0960-0779},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.chaos.2017.05.001},
  pages     = {210 -- 217},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We discuss generalized integro-differential diffusion equations whose integral kernels are not of a simple power law form, and thus these equations themselves do not belong to the family of fractional diffusion equations exhibiting a monoscaling behavior. They instead generate a broad class of anomalous nonscaling patterns, which correspond either to crossovers between different power laws, or to a non-power-law behavior as exemplified by the logarithmic growth of the width of the distribution. We consider normal and modified forms of these generalized diffusion equations and provide a brief discussion of three generic types of integral kernels for each form, namely, distributed order, truncated power law and truncated distributed order kernels. For each of the cases considered we prove the non-negativity of the solution of the corresponding generalized diffusion equation and calculate the mean squared displacement. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Roland2017,
  author    = {Roland, Steffen},
  title     = {Charge carrier recombination and open circuit voltage in organic solar cells},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-397721},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VI, 145},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Tremendous progress in the development of thin film solar cell techniques has been made over the last decade. The field of organic solar cells is constantly developing, new material classes like Perowskite solar cells are emerging and different types of hybrid organic/inorganic material combinations are being investigated for their physical properties and their applicability in thin film electronics. Besides typical single-junction architectures for solar cells, multi-junction concepts are also being investigated as they enable the overcoming of theoretical limitations of a single-junction. In multi-junction devices each sub-cell operates in different wavelength regimes and should exhibit optimized band-gap energies. It is exactly this tunability of the band-gap energy that renders organic solar cell materials interesting candidates for multi-junction applications. Nevertheless, only few attempts have been made to combine inorganic and organic solar cells in series connected multi-junction architectures. Even though a great diversity of organic solar cells exists nowadays, their open circuit voltage is usually low compared to the band-gap of the active layer. Hence, organic low band-gap solar cells in particular show low open circuit voltages and the key factors that determine the voltage losses are not yet fully understood. Besides open circuit voltage losses the recombination of charges in organic solar cells is also a prevailing research topic, especially with respect to the influence of trap states. The exploratory focus of this work is therefore set, on the one hand, on the development of hybrid organic/inorganic multi-junctions and, on the other hand, on gaining a deeper understanding of the open circuit voltage and the recombination processes of organic solar cells. In the first part of this thesis, the development of a hybrid organic/inorganic triple-junction will be discussed which showed at that time (Jan. 2015) a record power conversion efficiency of 11.7\%. The inorganic sub-cells of these devices consist of hydrogenated amorphous silicon and were delivered by the Competence Center Thin-Film and Nanotechnology for Photovoltaics in Berlin. Different recombination contacts and organic sub-cells were tested in conjunction with these inorganic sub-cells on the basis of optical modeling predictions for the optimal layer thicknesses to finally reach record efficiencies for this type of solar cells. In the second part, organic model systems will be investigated to gain a better understanding of the fundamental loss mechanisms that limit the open circuit voltage of organic solar cells. First, bilayer systems with different orientation of the donor and acceptor molecules were investigated to study the influence of the donor/acceptor orientation on non-radiative voltage loss. Secondly, three different bulk heterojunction solar cells all comprising the same amount of fluorination and the same polymer backbone in the donor component were examined to study the influence of long range electrostatics on the open circuit voltage. Thirdly, the device performance of two bulk heterojunction solar cells was compared which consisted of the same donor polymer but used different fullerene acceptor molecules. By this means, the influence of changing the energetics of the acceptor component on the open circuit voltage was investigated and a full analysis of the charge carrier dynamics was presented to unravel the reasons for the worse performance of the solar cell with the higher open circuit voltage. In the third part, a new recombination model for organic solar cells will be introduced and its applicability shown for a typical low band-gap cell. This model sheds new light on the recombination process in organic solar cells in a broader context as it re-evaluates the recombination pathway of charge carriers in devices which show the presence of trap states. Thereby it addresses a current research topic and helps to resolve alleged discrepancies which can arise from the interpretation of data derived by different measurement techniques.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KegelmannWolffAwinoetal.2017,
  author    = {Kegelmann, Lukas and Wolff, Christian Michael and Awino, Celline and Lang, Felix and Unger, Eva L. and Korte, Lars and Dittrich, Thomas and Neher, Dieter and Rech, Bernd and Albrecht, Steve},
  title     = {It Takes Two to Tango-Double-Layer Selective Contacts in Perovskite Solar Cells for Improved Device Performance and Reduced Hysteresis},
  series = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1944-8244},
  doi       = {10.1021/acsami.7b00900},
  pages     = {17246 -- 17256},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Solar cells made from inorganic organic perovskites have gradually approached market requirements as their efficiency and stability have improved tremendously in recent years. Planar low-temperature processed perovskite solar cells are advantageous for possible large-scale production but are more prone to exhibiting photocurrent hysteresis, especially in the regular n-i-p structure. Here, a systematic characterization of different electron selective contacts with a variety of chemical and electrical properties in planar n-i-p devices processed below 180 degrees C is presented. The inorganic metal oxides TiO2 and SnO2, the organic fullerene derivatives C-60, PCBM, and ICMA, as well as double-layers with a metal oxide/PCBM structure are used as electron transport materials (ETMs). Perovskite layers deposited atop, the different ETMs with the herein applied fabrication method show a similar morphology according to scanning electron microscopy. Further, surface photovoltage spectroscopy measurements indicate comparable perovskite absorber qualities on all ETMs, except TiO2, which shows a more prominent influence of defect states. Transient photoluminescence studies together with current voltage scans over a broad range of scan speeds reveal faster charge extraction, less pronounced hysteresis effects, and higher efficiencies for devices with fullerene compared to those with metal oxide ETMs. Beyond this, only double-layer ETM structures substantially diminish hysteresis effects for all performed scan speeds and strongly enhance the power conversion efficiency up to a champion stabilized value of 18.0\%. The results indicate reduced recombination losses for a double-layer TiO2/PCBM contact design: First, a reduction of shunt paths through the fullerene to the ITO layer. Second, an improved hole blocking by the wide band gap metal oxide. Third, decreased transport losses due to an energetically more favorable contact, as implied by photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The herein demonstrated improvements of multilayer selective contacts may serve as a general design guideline for perovskite solar cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JoštAlbrechtKegelmannetal.2017,
  author    = {Jošt, Marko and Albrecht, Steve and Kegelmann, Lukas and Wolff, Christian Michael and Lang, Felix and Lipovšek, Benjamin and Krč, Janez and Korte, Lars and Neher, Dieter and Rech, Bernd and Topič, Marko},
  title     = {Efficient light management by textured nanoimprinted layers for perovskite solar cells},
  series = {ACS photonics},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {ACS photonics},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2330-4022},
  doi       = {10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00138},
  pages     = {1232 -- 1239},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Inorganic-organic perovskites like methylammonium-lead-iodide have proven to be an effective class of 17 materials for fabricating efficient solar cells. To improve their performance, light management techniques using textured surfaces, similar to those used in established solar cell technologies, should be considered. Here, we apply a light management foil created by UV nanoimprint lithography on the glass side of an inverted (p-i-n) perovskite solar cell with 16.3\% efficiency. The obtained 1 mA cm(-2) increase in the short-circuit current density translates to a relative improvement in cell performance of 5\%, which results in a power conversion efficiency of 17.1\%. Optical 3D simulations based on experimentally obtained parameters were used to support the experimental findings. A good match between the simulated and experimental data was obtained, validating the model. Optical simulations reveal that the main improvement in device performance is due to a reduction in total reflection and that relative improvement in the short-circuit current density of up to 10\% is possible for large-area devices. Therefore, our results present the potential of light management foils for improving the device performance of perovskite solar cells and pave the way for further use of optical simulations in the field of perovskite solar cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VandewalBenduhnSchellhammeretal.2017,
  author    = {Vandewal, Koen and Benduhn, Johannes and Schellhammer, Karl Sebastian and Vangerven, Tim and R{\"u}ckert, Janna E. and Piersimoni, Fortunato and Scholz, Reinhard and Zeika, Olaf and Fan, Yeli and Barlow, Stephen and Neher, Dieter and Marder, Seth R. and Manca, Jean and Spoltore, Donato and Cuniberti, Gianaurelio and Ortmann, Frank},
  title     = {Absorption Tails of Donor},
  series = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  volume    = {139},
  journal   = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0002-7863},
  doi       = {10.1021/jacs.6b12857},
  pages     = {1699 -- 1704},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {In disordered organic semiconductors, the transfer of a rather localized charge carrier from one site to another triggers a deformation of the molecular structure quantified by the intramolecular relaxation energy. A similar structural relaxation occurs upon population of intermolecular charge-transfer (CT) states formed at organic electron donor (D)-acceptor (A) interfaces. Weak CT absorption bands for D A complexes occur at photon energies below the optical gaps of both the donors and the C-60 acceptor as a result of optical transitions from the neutral ground state to the ionic CT state. In this work, we show that temperature-activated intramolecular vibrations of the ground state play a major role in determining the line shape of such CT absorption bands. This allows us to extract values for the relaxation energy related to the geometry change from neutral to ionic CT complexes. Experimental values for the relaxation energies of 20 D:C-60 CT complexes correlate with values calculated within density functional theory. These results provide an experimental method for determining the polaron relaxation energy in solid-state organic D-A blends and show the importance of a reduced relaxation energy, which we introduce to characterize thermally activated CT processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeAngelisTatischeffTavanietal.2017,
  author    = {De Angelis, A. and Tatischeff, V. and Tavani, M. and Oberlack, U. and Grenier, I. and Hanloni, L. and Walter, R. and Argan, A. and Von Ballmoos, P. and Bulgarelli, A. and Donnarumma, I. and Hernanz, M. and Kuvvetli, I. and Pearce, M. and Zdziarski, A. and Aboudan, A. and Ajello, M. and Ambrosi, G. and Bernard, D. and Bernardini, E. and Bonvicini, V. and Brogna, A. and Branchesi, M. and Budtz-Jorgensen, C. and Bykov, A. M. and Campana, R. and Cardillo, M. and Coppi, P. and De Martino, D. and Diehl, R. and Doro, M. and Fioretti, V. and Funk, S. and Ghisellini, G. and Grove, E. and Hamadache, C. and Hartmann, D. H. and Hayashida, M. and Isern, J. and Kanbach, G. and Kiener, J. and Knodlseder, J. and Labanti, C. and Laurent, P. and Limousin, O. and Longo, F. and Mannheim, K. and Marisaldi, M. and Martinez, M. and Mazziotta, Mario Nicola and McEnery, J. and Mereghetti, S. and Minervini, G. and Moiseev, A. and Morselli, A. and Nakazawa, K. and Orleanski, P. and Paredes, J. M. and Patricelli, B. and Pevre, J. and Piano, G. and Pohl, Martin and Ramarijaona, H. and Rando, R. and Reichardt, I. and Roncadelli, M. and Silva, R. and Tavecchio, F. and Thompson, D. J. and Turolla, R. and Ulyanov, A. and Vacchi, A. and Wu, X. and Zoglauer, A.},
  title     = {The e-ASTROGAM mission Exploring the extreme Universe with gamma rays in the MeV - GeV range},
  series = {Experimental astronomy : an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Experimental astronomy : an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  organization    = {The e-ASTROGAM Collaboration},
  issn      = {0922-6435},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10686-017-9533-6},
  pages     = {25 -- 82},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {e-ASTROGAM ('enhanced ASTROGAM') is a breakthrough Observatory space mission, with a detector composed by a Silicon tracker, a calorimeter, and an anticoincidence system, dedicated to the study of the non-thermal Universe in the photon energy range from 0.3 MeV to 3 GeV - the lower energy limit can be pushed to energies as low as 150 keV, albeit with rapidly degrading angular resolution, for the tracker, and to 30 keV for calorimetric detection. The mission is based on an advanced space-proven detector technology, with unprecedented sensitivity, angular and energy resolution, combined with polarimetric capability. Thanks to its performance in the MeV-GeV domain, substantially improving its predecessors, e-ASTROGAM will open a new window on the non-thermal Universe, making pioneering observations of the most powerful Galactic and extragalactic sources, elucidating the nature of their relativistic outflows and their effects on the surroundings. With a line sensitivity in the MeV energy range one to two orders of magnitude better than previous generation instruments, e-ASTROGAM will determine the origin of key isotopes fundamental for the understanding of supernova explosion and the chemical evolution of our Galaxy. The mission will provide unique data of significant interest to a broad astronomical community, complementary to powerful observatories such as LIGO-Virgo-GEO600-KAGRA, SKA, ALMA, E-ELT, TMT, LSST, JWST, Athena, CTA, IceCube, KM3NeT, and the promise of eLISA.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{FraschettiPohl2017,
  author    = {Fraschetti, Federico and Pohl, Martin},
  title     = {Two-zone model for the broadband crab nebula spectrum},
  series = {The European physical journal : Web of Conferences : proceedings},
  volume    = {136},
  journal   = {The European physical journal : Web of Conferences : proceedings},
  publisher = {EDP Sciences},
  address   = {Les Ulis},
  issn      = {2100-014X},
  doi       = {10.1051/epjconf/201713602009},
  pages     = {5},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We develop a simple two-zone interpretation of the broadband baseline Crab nebula spectrum between 10(-5) eV and similar to 100 TeV by using two distinct log-parabola energetic electrons distributions. We determine analytically the very-high energy photon spectrum as originated by inverse-Compton scattering of the far-infrared soft ambient photons within the nebula off a first population of electrons energized at the nebula termination shock. The broad and flat 200 GeV peak jointly observed by Fermi/LAT and MAGIC is naturally reproduced. The synchrotron radiation from a second energetic electron population explains the spectrum from the radio range up to similar to 10 keV. We infer from observations the energy dependence of the microscopic probability of remaining in proximity of the shock of the accelerating electrons.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KobzarNiemiecPohletal.2017,
  author    = {Kobzar, Oleh and Niemiec, Jacek and Pohl, Martin and Bohdan, Artem},
  title     = {Spatio-temporal evolution of the non-resonant instability in shock precursors of young supernova remnants},
  series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  volume    = {469},
  journal   = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  organization    = {ANTARES Collaboration;H E S S Collaboration},
  issn      = {0035-8711},
  doi       = {10.1093/mnras/stx1201},
  pages     = {4985 -- 4998},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {A non-resonant cosmic ray (CR) current-driven instability may operate in the shock precursors of young supernova remnants and be responsible for magnetic-field amplification, plasma heating and turbulence. Earlier simulations demonstrated magnetic-field amplification, and in kinetic studies a reduction of the relative drift between CRs and thermal plasma was observed as backreaction. However, all published simulations used periodic boundary conditions, which do not account for mass conservation in decelerating flows and only allow the temporal development to be studied. Here we report results of fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations with open boundaries that permit inflow of plasma on one side of the simulation box and outflow at the other end, hence allowing an investigation of both the temporal and the spatial development of the instability. Magnetic-field amplification proceeds as in studies with periodic boundaries and, observed here for the first time, the reduction of relative drifts causes the formation of a shock-like compression structure at which a fraction of the plasma ions are reflected. Turbulent electric field generated by the non-resonant instability inelastically scatters CRs, modifying and anisotropizing their energy distribution. Spatial CR scattering is compatible with Bohm diffusion. Electromagnetic turbulence leads to significant non-adiabatic heating of the background plasma maintaining bulk equipartition between ions and electrons. The highest temperatures are reached at sites of large-amplitude electrostatic fields. Ion spectra show supra-thermal tails resulting from stochastic scattering in the turbulent electric field. Together, these modifications in the plasma flow will affect the properties of the shock and particle acceleration there.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchubertFrischAllardetal.2017,
  author    = {Schubert, Marcel and Frisch, Johannes and Allard, Sybille and Preis, Eduard and Scherf, Ullrich and Koch, Norbert and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {Tuning side chain and main chain order in a prototypical donor-acceptor copolymer},
  series = {Elementary Processes in Organic Photovoltaics},
  volume    = {272},
  journal   = {Elementary Processes in Organic Photovoltaics},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-28338-8},
  issn      = {0065-3195},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-28338-8_10},
  pages     = {243 -- 265},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The recent development of donor-acceptor copolymers has led to an enormous improvement in the performance of organic solar cells and organic field-effect transistors. Here we describe the synthesis, detailed characterisation, and application of a series of structurally modified copolymers to investigate fundamental structure-property relationships in this class of conjugated polymers. The interplay between chemical structure and optoelectronic properties is investigated. These are further correlated to the charge transport and solar cell performance, which allows us to link their chemical structure to the observed physical properties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LaquaiAndrienkoDeibeletal.2017,
  author    = {Laquai, Frederic and Andrienko, Denis and Deibel, Carsten and Neher, Dieter},
  title     = {Charge carrier generation, recombination, and extraction in polymer-fullerene bulk heterojunction organic solar cells},
  series = {Elementary processes in organic photovoltaics},
  volume    = {272},
  journal   = {Elementary processes in organic photovoltaics},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-28338-8},
  issn      = {0065-3195},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-28338-8_11},
  pages     = {267 -- 291},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {In this chapter we review the basic principles of photocurrent generation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells, discuss the loss channels limiting their efficiency, and present case studies of several polymer-fullerene blends. Using steady-state and transient, optical, and electrooptical techniques, we create a precise picture of the fundamental processes that ultimately govern solar cell efficiency.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AllenArchambaultArcheretal.2017,
  author    = {Allen, C. and Archambault, S. and Archer, A. and Benbow, W. and Bird, R. and Bourbeau, E. and Brose, Robert and Buchovecky, M. and Buckley, J. H. and Bugaev, V. and Cardenzana, J. V. and Cerruti, M. and Chen, Xuhui and Christiansen, J. L. and Connolly, M. P. and Cui, W. and Daniel, M. K. and Eisch, J. D. and Falcone, Abe and Feng, Q. and Fernandez-Alonso, M. and Finley, J. P. and Fleischhack, H. and Flinders, A. and Fortson, L. and Furniss, A. and Gillanders, G. H. and Griffin, S. and Grube, J. and Huetten, M. and Hakansson, N. and Hanna, D. and Hervet, O. and Holder, J. and Hughes, G. and Humensky, T. B. and Johnson, C. A. and Kaaret, P. and Kar, P. and Kelley-Hoskins, N. and Kertzman, M. and Kieda, D. and Krause, M. and Krennrich, F. and Kumar, S. and Lang, M. J. and Maier, G. and McArthur, S. and McCann, A. and Meagher, K. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, R. and Nguyen, T. and Nieto, D. and Ong, R. A. and Otte, A. N. and Park, N. and Petrashyk, A. and Pichel, A. and Pohl, Martin and Popkow, A. and Pueschel, Elisa and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G. T. and Roache, E. and Rovero, A. C. and Rulten, C. and Sadeh, I. and Santander, Marcos and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, K. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Tucci, J. V. and Tyler, J. and Wakely, S. P. and Weinstein, A. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, D. A.},
  title     = {Very-High-Energy gamma-Ray Observations of the Blazar 1ES 2344+514 with VERITAS},
  series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  volume    = {471},
  journal   = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0035-8711},
  doi       = {10.1093/mnras/stx1756},
  pages     = {2117 -- 2123},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We present very-high-energy gamma-ray observations of the BL Lac object 1ES 2344+514 taken by the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System between 2007 and 2015. 1ES 2344+514 is detected with a statistical significance above the background of 20.8 sigma in 47.2 h (livetime) of observations, making this the most comprehensive very-high-energy study of 1ES 2344+514 to date. Using these observations, the temporal properties of 1ES 2344+514 are studied on short and long times-scales. We fit a constant-flux model to nightly and seasonally binned light curves and apply a fractional variability test to determine the stability of the source on different time-scales. We reject the constant-flux model for the 2007-2008 and 2014-2015 nightly binned light curves and for the long-term seasonally binned light curve at the > 3 sigma level. The spectra of the time-averaged emission before and after correction for attenuation by the extragalactic background light are obtained. The observed time-averaged spectrum above 200 GeV is satisfactorily fitted (x(2)/NDF = 7.89/6) by a power-law function with an index Gamma = 2.46 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and extends to at least 8 TeV. The extragalactic-backgroundlight-deabsorbed spectrum is adequately fit (x(2)/NDF = 6.73/6) by a power-law function with an index Gamma = 2.15 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) while an F-test indicates that the power law with an exponential cut-off function provides a marginally better fit (x(2)/NDF = 2.56/5) at the 2.1 sigma level. The source location is found to be consistent with the published radio location and its spatial extent is consistent with a point source.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AbeysekaraArchambaultArcheretal.2017,
  author    = {Abeysekara, A. U. and Archambault, S. and Archer, A. and Benbow, Wystan and Bird, Ralph and Buchovecky, M. and Buckley, J. H. and Bugaev, V. and Byrum, K. and Cerruti, M. and Chen, X. and Ciupik, L. and Cui, W. and Dickinson, H. J. and Eisch, J. D. and Errando, M. and Falcone, A. and Feng, Q. and Finley, J. P. and Fleischhack, H. and Fortson, L. and Furniss, A. and Gillanders, G. H. and Griffin, S. and Grube, J. and Hutten, M. and Hakansson, N. and Hanna, D. and Holder, J. and Humensky, T. B. and Johnson, C. A. and Kaaret, P. and Kar, P. and Kertzman, M. and Kieda, D. and Krause, M. and Krennrich, F. and Kumar, S. and Lang, M. J. and Maier, G. and McArthur, S. and McCann, A. and Meagher, K. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, R. and Nguyen, T. and Nieto, D. and Ong, R. A. and Otte, A. N. and Park, N. and Pelassa, V. and Pohl, Martin and Popkow, A. and Pueschel, Elisa and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G. T. and Roache, E. and Rulten, C. and Santander, M. and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, K. and Staszak, D. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Tucci, J. V. and Tyler, J. and Wakely, S. P. and Weiner, O. M. and Weinstein, A. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, D. A. and Fegan, S. and Giebels, B. and Horan, D. and Berdyugin, A. and Kuan, J. and Lindfors, E. and Nilsson, K. and Oksanen, A. and Prokoph, H. and Reinthal, R. and Takalo, L. and Zefi, F.},
  title     = {A Luminous and Isolated Gamma-Ray Flare from the Blazar B2 1215+30},
  series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  volume    = {836},
  journal   = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.},
  address   = {Bristol},
  organization    = {VERITAS Collaboration;Fermi-LAT Collaboration},
  issn      = {0004-637X},
  doi       = {10.3847/1538-4357/836/2/205},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {B2 1215+30 is a BL-Lac-type blazar that was first detected at TeV energies by the MAGIC atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes and subsequently confirmed by the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) observatory with data collected between 2009 and 2012. In 2014 February 08, VERITAS detected a large-amplitude flare from B2. 1215+30 during routine monitoring observations of the blazar 1ES. 1218+304, located in the same field of view. The TeV flux reached 2.4 times the Crab Nebula flux with a variability timescale of <3.6 hr. Multiwavelength observations with Fermi-LAT, Swift, and the Tuorla Observatory revealed a correlated high GeV flux state and no significant optical counterpart to the flare, with a spectral energy distribution where the gamma-ray luminosity exceeds the synchrotron luminosity. When interpreted in the framework of a onezone leptonic model, the observed emission implies a high degree of beaming, with Doppler factor delta > 10, and an electron population with spectral index p < 2.3.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SadovnichiiPanasyukAmelyushkinetal.2017,
  author    = {Sadovnichii, V. A. and Panasyuk, M. I. and Amelyushkin, A. M. and Bogomolov, V. V. and Benghin, V. V. and Garipov, G. K. and Kalegaev, V. V. and Klimov, P. A. and Khrenov, B. A. and Petrov, V. L. and Sharakin, S. A. and Shirokov, A. V. and Svertilov, S. I. and Zotov, M. Y. and Yashin, I. V. and Gorbovskoy, E. S. and Lipunov, V. M. and Park, I. H. and Lee, J. and Jeong, S. and Kim, M. B. and Jeong, H. M. and Shprits, Yuri and Angelopoulos, V. and Russell, C. T. and Runov, A. and Turner, D. and Strangeway, R. J. and Caron, R. and Biktemerova, S. and Grinyuk, A. and Lavrova, M. and Tkachev, L. and Tkachenko, A. and Martinez, O. and Salazar, H. and Ponce, E.},
  title     = {"Lomonosov" Satellite-Space Observatory to Study Extreme Phenomena in Space},
  series = {Space science reviews},
  volume    = {212},
  journal   = {Space science reviews},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {0038-6308},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11214-017-0425-x},
  pages     = {1705 -- 1738},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{UsanovaShprits2017,
  author    = {Usanova, Maria E. and Shprits, Yuri},
  title     = {Inner magnetosphere coupling},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  volume    = {122},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9380},
  doi       = {10.1002/2016JA023614},
  pages     = {102 -- 104},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The dynamics of the inner magnetosphere is strongly governed by the interactions between different plasma populations that are coupled through large-scale electric and magnetic fields, currents, and wave-particle interactions. Inner magnetospheric plasma undergoes self-consistent interactions with global electric and magnetic fields. Waves excited in the inner magnetosphere from unstable particle distributions can provide energy exchange between different particle populations in the inner magnetosphere and affect the ring current and radiation belt dynamics. The ionosphere serves as an energy sink and feeds the magnetosphere back through the cold plasma outflow. The precipitating inner magnetospheric particles influence the ionosphere and upper atmospheric chemistry and affect climate. Satellite measurements and theoretical studies have advanced our understanding of the dynamics of various plasma populations in the inner magnetosphere. However, our knowledge of the coupling processes among the plasmasphere, ring current, radiation belts, global magnetic and electric fields, and plasma waves generated within these systems is still incomplete. This special issue incorporates extended papers presented at the Inner Magnetosphere Coupling III conference held 23-27 March 2015 in Los Angeles, California, USA, and includes modeling and observational contributions addressing interactions within different plasma populations in the inner magnetosphere (plasmasphere, ring current, and radiation belts), coupling between fields and plasma populations, as well as effects of the inner magnetosphere on the ionosphere and atmosphere.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ShpritsAngelopoulosRusselletal.2017,
  author    = {Shprits, Yuri and Angelopoulos, V. and Russell, C. T. and Strangeway, R. J. and Runov, A. and Turner, D. and Caron, R. and Cruce, P. and Leneman, D. and Michaelis, I. and Petrov, V. and Panasyuk, M. and Yashin, I. and Drozdov, Alexander and Russell, C. L. and Kalegaev, V. and Nazarkov, I. and Clemmons, J. H.},
  title     = {Scientific Objectives of Electron Losses and Fields INvestigation Onboard Lomonosov Satellite},
  series = {Space science reviews},
  volume    = {214},
  journal   = {Space science reviews},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {0038-6308},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11214-017-0455-4},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The objective of the Electron Losses and Fields INvestigation on board the Lomonosov satellite ( ELFIN-L) project is to determine the energy spectrum of precipitating energetic electrons and ions and, together with other polar-orbiting and equatorial missions, to better understand the mechanisms responsible for scattering these particles into the atmosphere. This mission will provide detailed measurements of the radiation environment at low altitudes. The 400-500 km sun-synchronous orbit of Lomonosov is ideal for observing electrons and ions precipitating into the atmosphere. This mission provides a unique opportunity to test the instruments. Similar suite of instruments will be flown in the future NSF-and NASA-supported spinning CubeSat ELFIN satellites which will augment current measurements by providing detailed information on pitch-angle distributions of precipitating and trapped particles.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ShpritsKellermanAseevetal.2017,
  author    = {Shprits, Yuri and Kellerman, Adam C . and Aseev, Nikita and Drozdov, Alexander and Michaelis, Ingo},
  title     = {Multi-MeV electron loss in the heart of the radiation belts},
  series = {Geophysical research letters},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Geophysical research letters},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0094-8276},
  doi       = {10.1002/2016GL072258},
  pages     = {1204 -- 1209},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Significant progress has been made in recent years in understanding acceleration mechanisms in the Earth's radiation belts. In particular, a number of studies demonstrated the importance of the local acceleration by analyzing the radial profiles of phase space density (PSD) and observing building up peaks in PSD. In this study, we focus on understanding of the local loss using very similar tools. The profiles of PSD for various values of the first adiabatic invariants during the previously studied 17 January 2013 storm are presented and discussed. The profiles of PSD show clear deepening minimums consistent with the scattering by electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. Long-term evolution shows that local minimums in PSD can persist for relatively long times. During considered interval of time the deepening minimums were observed around L* = 4 during 17 January 2013 storm and around L* = 3.5 during 1 March 2013 storm. This study shows a new method that can help identify the location, magnitude, and time of the local loss and will help quantify local loss in the future. This study also provides additional clear and definitive evidence that local loss plays a major role for the dynamics of the multi-MeV electrons.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZhelavskayaShpritsSpasojevic2017,
  author    = {Zhelavskaya, Irina and Shprits, Yuri and Spasojevic, Maria},
  title     = {Empirical Modeling of the Plasmasphere Dynamics Using Neural Networks},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  volume    = {122},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9380},
  doi       = {10.1002/2017JA024406},
  pages     = {11227 -- 11244},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We present the PINE (Plasma density in the Inner magnetosphere Neural network\&\#8208;based Empirical) model \&\#8208; a new empirical model for reconstructing the global dynamics of the cold plasma density distribution based only on solar wind data and geomagnetic indices. Utilizing the density database obtained using the NURD (Neural\&\#8208;network\&\#8208;based Upper hybrid Resonance Determination) algorithm for the period of 1 October 2012 to 1 July 2016, in conjunction with solar wind data and geomagnetic indices, we develop a neural network model that is capable of globally reconstructing the dynamics of the cold plasma density distribution for 2\&\#8804;L\&\#8804;6 and all local times. We validate and test the model by measuring its performance on independent data sets withheld from the training set and by comparing the model\&\#8208;predicted global evolution with global images of He+ distribution in the Earth's plasmasphere from the IMAGE Extreme UltraViolet (EUV) instrument. We identify the parameters that best quantify the plasmasphere dynamics by training and comparing multiple neural networks with different combinations of input parameters (geomagnetic indices, solar wind data, and different durations of their time history). The optimal model is based on the 96\&\#8201;h time history of Kp, AE, SYM\&\#8208;H, and F10.7 indices. The model successfully reproduces erosion of the plasmasphere on the nightside and plume formation and evolution. We demonstrate results of both local and global plasma density reconstruction. This study illustrates how global dynamics can be reconstructed from local in situ observations by using machine learning techniques.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CaoShpritsNietal.2017,
  author    = {Cao, Xing and Shprits, Yuri and Ni, Binbin and Zhelavskaya, Irina},
  title     = {Scattering of Ultra-relativistic Electrons in the Van Allen Radiation Belts Accounting for Hot Plasma Effects},
  series = {Scientific reports},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Scientific reports},
  publisher = {Nature Publ. Group},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2045-2322},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-017-17739-7},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Electron flux in the Earth's outer radiation belt is highly variable due to a delicate balance between competing acceleration and loss processes. It has been long recognized that Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) waves may play a crucial role in the loss of radiation belt electrons. Previous theoretical studies proposed that EMIC waves may account for the loss of the relativistic electron population. However, recent observations showed that while EMIC waves are responsible for the significant loss of ultra-relativistic electrons, the relativistic electron population is almost unaffected. In this study, we provide a theoretical explanation for this discrepancy between previous theoretical studies and recent observations. We demonstrate that EMIC waves mainly contribute to the loss of ultra-relativistic electrons. This study significantly improves the current understanding of the electron dynamics in the Earth's radiation belt and also can help us understand the radiation environments of the exoplanets and outer planets.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Shprits2017,
  author    = {Shprits, Yuri},
  title     = {Editorial: Topical Collection on the Lomonosov Mission},
  series = {Space science reviews},
  volume    = {212},
  journal   = {Space science reviews},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {0038-6308},
  doi       = {10.1007/s11214-017-0393-1},
  pages     = {1685 -- 1686},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KimShprits2017,
  author    = {Kim, Kyung-Chan and Shprits, Yuri},
  title     = {Dependence of the amplitude of magnetosonic waves on the solar wind and AE index using Van Allen Probes},
  series = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  volume    = {122},
  journal   = {Journal of geophysical research : Space physics},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2169-9380},
  doi       = {10.1002/2017JA024094},
  pages     = {6022 -- 6034},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We present the dependence of the magnetosonic wave amplitudes both outside and inside the plasmapause on the solar wind and AE index using Van Allen Probe-A spacecraft during the time period of 1 October 2012 to 31 December 2015, based on a correlation and regression analysis. Solar wind parameters considered are the southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF B-S), solar wind number density (N-SW), and bulk speed (V-SW). We find that the wave amplitudes outside (inside) the plasmapause are well correlated with the preceding AE, IMF B-S, and N-SW with time delays, each corresponding to 2-3 h (3-4 h), 4-5 h (3-4 h), and 2-3 h (8-9 h), while the correlation with V-SW is ambiguous both inside and outside the plasmapause. As measured by the correlation coefficient, the IMF B-S is the most influential solar wind parameter that affects the dayside wave amplitudes both outside and inside the plasmapause, while N-SW contributes to enhancing the duskside waves outside the plasmapause. The AE effect on wave amplitudes is comparable to that of IMF B-S. More interestingly, regression with time histories of the solar wind parameters and the AE index preceding the wave measurements outside the plasmapause shows significant dependence on the IMF B-S, N-SW, and AE: the region of peak coefficients is changed with time delay for IMF B-S and AE, while isolated peaks around duskside remain gradually decrease with time for N-SW. In addition, the regression with magnetosonic waves inside the plasmapause shows high coefficients around prenoon sector with preceding IMF B-S and V-SW.},
  language  = {en}
}