@phdthesis{Ehrentraut2013,
  author    = {Ehrentraut, Stefan},
  title     = {Challenging Khmer citizenship : minorities, the state, and the international community in Cambodia},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70355},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The idea of a distinctly 'liberal' form of multiculturalism has emerged in the theory and practice of Western democracies and the international community has become actively engaged in its global dissemination via international norms and organizations. This thesis investigates the internationalization of minority rights, by exploring state-minority relations in Cambodia, in light of Will Kymlicka's theory of multicultural citizenship. Based on extensive empirical research, the analysis explores the situation and aspirations of Cambodia's ethnic Vietnamese, highland peoples, Muslim Cham, ethnic Chinese and Lao and the relationships between these groups and the state. All Cambodian regimes since independence have defined citizenship with reference to the ethnicity of the Khmer majority and have - often violently - enforced this conception through the assimilation of highland peoples and the Cham and the exclusion of ethnic Vietnamese and Chinese. Cambodia's current constitution, too, defines citizenship ethnically. State-sponsored Khmerization systematically privileges members of the majority culture and marginalizes minority members politically, economically and socially. The thesis investigates various international initiatives aimed at promoting application of minority rights norms in Cambodia. It demonstrates that these initiatives have largely failed to accomplish a greater degree of compliance with international norms in practice. This failure can be explained by a number of factors, among them Cambodia's neo-patrimonial political system, the geo-political fears of a 'minoritized' Khmer majority, the absence of effective regional security institutions, the lack of minority access to political decision-making, the significant differences between international and Cambodian conceptions of modern statehood and citizenship and the emergence of China as Cambodia's most important bilateral donor and investor. Based on this analysis, the dissertation develops recommendations for a sequenced approach to minority rights promotion, with pragmatic, less ambitious shorter-term measures that work progressively towards achievement of international norms in the longer-term.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ehmann2009,
  author    = {Ehmann, Tanja},
  title     = {Erfassung und F{\"o}rderung metakognitiver und motivationaler F{\"a}higkeiten : ein halbstandardisiertes Lerntagebuch f{\"u}r Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler mit Migrationshintergrund},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51227},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Das folgende Forschungsprojekt besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit metakognitiven und motivationalen F{\"a}higkeiten als Teilbereiche des selbstgesteuerten Lernens. Es untersucht den Nutzen und die Grenzen von Lerntageb{\"u}chern, die zugeschnitten wurden auf Grundsch{\"u}lerinnen und Grundsch{\"u}ler mit Migrationshintergrund. Das Ziel der Studie war es herauszufinden, ob und wie selbststeurungsbezogene Lernprozesse durch den Einsatz von Lerntageb{\"u}chern gemessen und ver{\"a}ndert werden k{\"o}nnen. Hierzu f{\"u}hrten 28 Grundsch{\"u}lerinnen und Grundsch{\"u}ler 14 Wochen lang w{\"a}hrend des Unterrichts ein halbstandardisiertes Lerntagebuch in Anlehnung an Wohland/Spinath (2004). Zur Messung von Ver{\"a}nderungen in metakognitiven und motivationalen F{\"a}higkeiten f{\"u}llten 43 Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler zweier Experimentalgruppen und einer Kontrollgruppe vor und nach der Lerntagebuch-Intervention standardisierte Frageb{\"o}gen aus. Weiterhin wurden die 28 Lerntageb{\"u}cher der Experimentalgruppen inhalts- und prozessanalytisch ausgewertet. Außerdem wurden Interviews mit den Lehrkr{\"a}ften {\"u}ber ihre Unterrichtspraxis gef{\"u}hrt und einige Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler zu ihrer Wahrnehmung der Lerntagebucharbeit befragt. Die Ergebnisse der Analyse der Lerntagebuchdaten zeigen, dass die 28 Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler mit Migrationshintergrund erfolgreich ihren Lernprozess bei der Bearbeitung einer Aufgabe verbalisierten. Sie haben weiterhin erfolgreich Vorhersagen {\"u}ber ihre Vorgehensweisen zur L{\"o}sung einer Aufgabe getroffen. Die Lerntageb{\"u}cher unterst{\"u}tzten sie darin, ihre metakognitiven Erfahrungen (Efklides/Petkaki 2005) zu kalibrieren (Desoete/Roeyers 2006). Den Lernenden ist es gelungen, ihre Repr{\"a}sentationen {\"u}ber das L{\"o}sen einer Aufgabe aufeinander (fein-) abzustimmen, w{\"a}hrend sie daran arbeiteten. Mit Hilfe von Zeitreihenanalysen konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler die Fragen im Lerntagebuch gegen Ende der Intervention oberfl{\"a}chlicher beantworteten und die Lerntageb{\"u}cher tendenziell weniger h{\"a}ufig ausgef{\"u}llt wurden (negative Trends). Eine Erkl{\"a}rung f{\"u}r die geringere Antworth{\"a}ufigkeit, die zu negativen Verlaufskurven {\"u}ber die Zeit f{\"u}hrten, k{\"o}nnte sein, dass die Instruktionsdichte durch den Mix an offenen und geschlossenen Fragen im Lerntagebuch zu hoch war. Die Lernenden haben sich m{\"o}glicherweise so an die Fragen bzw. Antwortformate gew{\"o}hnt, dass die Motivation, in das Lerntagebuch zu schreiben, geringer wurde.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ehlert2023,
  author    = {Ehlert, Kristian},
  title     = {Simulations of active galactic nuclei feedback with cosmic rays and magnetic fields},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-57816},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-578168},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {155},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The central gas in half of all galaxy clusters shows short cooling times. Assuming unimpeded cooling, this should lead to high star formation and mass cooling rates, which are not observed. Instead, it is believed that condensing gas is accreted by the central black hole that powers an active galactic nuclei jet, which heats the cluster. The detailed heating mechanism remains uncertain. A promising mechanism invokes cosmic ray protons that scatter on self-generated magnetic fluctuations, i.e. Alfv{\´e}n waves. Continuous damping of Alfv{\´e}n waves provides heat to the intracluster medium. Previous work has found steady state solutions for a large sample of clusters where cooling is balanced by Alfv{\´e}nic wave heating. To verify modeling assumptions, we set out to study cosmic ray injection in three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations of jet feedback in an idealized cluster with the moving-mesh code arepo. We analyze the interaction of jet-inflated bubbles with the turbulent magnetized intracluster medium. Furthermore, jet dynamics and heating are closely linked to the largely unconstrained jet composition. Interactions of electrons with photons of the cosmic microwave background result in observational signatures that depend on the bubble content. Those recent observations provided evidence for underdense bubbles with a relativistic filling while adopting simplifying modeling assumptions for the bubbles. By reproducing the observations with our simulations, we confirm the validity of their modeling assumptions and as such, confirm the important finding of low-(momentum) density jets. In addition, the velocity and magnetic field structure of the intracluster medium have profound consequences for bubble evolution and heating processes. As velocity and magnetic fields are physically coupled, we demonstrate that numerical simulations can help link and thereby constrain their respective observables. Finally, we implement the currently preferred accretion model, cold accretion, into the moving-mesh code arepo and study feedback by light jets in a radiatively cooling magnetized cluster. While self-regulation is attained independently of accretion model, jet density and feedback efficiencies, we find that in order to reproduce observed cold gas morphology light jets are preferred.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EhlertLuedtkeArnoldetal.2023,
  author    = {Ehlert, Hanna and L{\"u}dtke, Ulrike and Arnold, Ellen and Bohnert-Kraus, Mirja and Lochbihler, Laura and Feil, Sarah and Ita, Carla and Haas, Elisabet and Sch{\"o}lderle, Theresa and Reising, Lena and M{\"u}ller, Celina and Lauer, Norina and Hodeige, Ariane},
  title     = {Forum Logop{\"a}die},
  volume    = {37},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Schulz-Kirchner},
  address   = {Idstein},
  organization    = {Deutscher Bundesverband f{\"u}r Logop{\"a}die e.V.},
  issn      = {0932-0547},
  pages     = {1 -- 62},
  year      = {2023},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{EhlertUngerSaalfrank2014,
  author    = {Ehlert, Christopher and Unger, Wolfgang E. S. and Saalfrank, Peter},
  title     = {C K-edge NEXAFS spectra of graphene with physical and chemical defects},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74429},
  pages     = {14083 -- 14095},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Recently, C K-edge Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectra of graphite (HOPG) surfaces have been measured for the pristine material, and for HOPG treated with either bromine or krypton plasmas (Lippitz et al., Surf. Sci., 2013, 611, L1). Changes of the NEXAFS spectra characteristic for physical (krypton) and/or chemical/physical modifications of the surface (bromine) upon plasma treatment were observed. Their molecular origin, however, remained elusive. In this work we study by density functional theory, the effects of selected point and line defects as well as chemical modifications on NEXAFS carbon K-edge spectra of single graphene layers. For Br-treated surfaces, also Br 3d X-ray Photoelectron Spectra (XPS) are simulated by a cluster approach, to identify possible chemical modifications. We observe that some of the defects related to plasma treatment lead to characteristic changes of NEXAFS spectra, similar to those in experiment. Theory provides possible microscopic origins for these changes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EhlertHolzweberLippitzetal.2016,
  author    = {Ehlert, Christopher and Holzweber, Markus and Lippitz, Andreas and Unger, Wolfgang E. S. and Saalfrank, Peter},
  title     = {A detailed assignment of NEXAFS resonances of imidazolium based ionic liquids},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-394417},
  pages     = {8654 -- 8661},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy X-Ray photons are used to excite tightly bound core electrons to low-lying unoccupied orbitals of the system. This technique offers insight into the electronic structure of the system as well as useful structural information. In this work, we apply NEXAFS to two kinds of imidazolium based ionic liquids ([CnC1im]+[NTf2]- and [C4C1im]+[I]-). A combination of measurements and quantum chemical calculations of C K and N K NEXAFS resonances is presented. The simulations, based on the transition potential density functional theory method (TP-DFT), reproduce all characteristic features observed by the experiment. Furthermore, a detailed assignment of resonance features to excitation centers (carbon or nitrogen atoms) leads to a consistent interpretation of the spectra.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Ehlert2016,
  author    = {Ehlert, Christopher},
  title     = {Simulationen von R{\"o}ntgenabsorptionsprozessen zur Charakterisierung von Systemen in kondensierter Phase},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104844},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {142},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Die vorgelegte Dissertation pr{\"a}sentiert wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse, die in der Zeit vom Dezember 2012 bis August 2016, erarbeitet wurden. Der zentrale Inhalt der Arbeit ist die Simulation von R{\"o}ntgenabsorptionsprozessen von verschiedenen Systemen in kondensierter Phase. Genauer gesagt, werden Nahkantenabsorptions- (NEXAFS) sowie R{\"o}ntgenphotoelektronenspektren (XPS) berechnet. In beiden F{\"a}llen wird ein R{\"o}ntgenphoton von einem molekularen System absorbiert. Aufgrund der hohen Photonenenergie wird ein stark gebundenes kernnahes Elektron angeregt. Bei der XPS gelangt dieses mit einer zu messenden kinetischen Energie in Kontinuumszust{\"a}nde. In Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der eingestrahlten Photonenenergie und der kinetischen Energie des austreten Elektrons, kann die Bindungsenergie berechnet werden, welche die zentrale Gr{\"o}ße der XPS ist. Im Falle der NEXAFS-Spektroskopie wird das kernnahe Elektron in unbesetzte gebundene Zust{\"a}nde angeregt. Die zentrale Gr{\"o}ße ist die Absorption als Funktion der eingestrahlten Photonenenergie. Das erste Kapitel meiner Arbeit er{\"o}rtert detailliert die experimentellen Methoden sowie die daraus gewonnenen charakteristischen Gr{\"o}ßen. Die experimentellen Spektren zeigen oft viele Resonanzen, deren Interpretation aufgrund fehlender Referenzmaterialien schwierig ist. In solchen F{\"a}llen bietet es sich an, die Spektren mittels quantenchemischer Methoden zu simulieren. Der daf{\"u}r erforderliche mathematisch-physikalische Methodenkatalog wird im zweiten Kapitel der Arbeit er{\"o}rtert. Das erste von mir untersuchte System ist Graphen. In experimentellen Arbeiten wurde die Oberfl{\"a}che mittels Bromplasma modifiziert. Die im Anschluss gemessenen NEXAFS-Spektren unterscheiden sich maßgeblich von den Spektren der unbehandelten Oberfl{\"a}che. Mithilfe periodischer DFT-Rechnungen wurden verschiedene Gitterdefekte sowie bromierte Systeme untersucht und die NEXAFS-Spektren simuliert. Mittels der Simulationen k{\"o}nnen die Beitr{\"a}ge verschiedener Anregungszentren analysiert werden. Die Berechnungen erlauben den Schluss, dass Gitterdefekte maßgeblich f{\"u}r die entstandenen Ver{\"a}nderungen verantwortlich sind. Polyvinylalkohol (PVA) wurde als zweites System behandelt. Hierbei sollte untersucht werden, wie groß der Einfluss der Molekularbewegung auf die Verbreiterung der Peaks im XP-Spektrum ist. Des Weiteren wurde untersucht, wie groß der Einfluss von intermolekularen Wechselwirkungen auf die Peakpositionen und Peakverbreiterung ist. F{\"u}r die Berechnung dieses Systems wurde eine Kombination aus molekulardynamischen und quantenchemischen Methoden verwendet. Als Strukturen dienten Oligomermodelle, die unter dem Einfluss eines (ab initio) Potentials propagiert wurden. Entlang der erstellten Trajektorie wurden Schnappsch{\"u}sse der Geometrien extrahiert und f{\"u}r die Berechnung der XP-Spektren verwendet. Die Spektren werden bereits mithilfe klassischer Molekulardynamik sehr gut reproduziert. Die erhaltenen Peakbreiten sind verglichen mit dem Experiment allerdings zu klein. Die Hauptursache der Peakverbreiterung ist die Molekularbewegung. Intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen verschieben die Peakpositionen um 0.6 eV zu kleineren Anregungsenergien. Im dritten Teil der Arbeit stehen die NEXAFS-Spektren von ionischen Fl{\"u}ssigkeiten (ILs) im Fokus. Die experimentell gefundenen Spektren zeigen eine komplexe Struktur mit vielen Resonanzen. In der Arbeit wurden zwei ILs untersucht. Als Geometrien verwenden wir Clustermodelle, die aus experimentellen Kristallstrukturen extrahiert wurden. Die berechneten Spektren erlauben es, die Resonanzen den Anregungszentren zuzuordnen. Außerdem kann eine erstmals gemessene Doppelresonanz simuliert und erkl{\"a}rt werden. Insgesamt kann die Interpretation der Spektren mithilfe der Simulation signifikant erweitert werden. In allen Systemen wurde zur Berechnung des NEXAFS-Spektrums eine auf Dichtefunktionaltheorie basierende Methode verwendet (die sogenannte Transition-Potential Methode). G{\"a}ngige wellenfunktionsbasierte Methoden, wie die Konfigurationswechselwirkung mit Einfachanregungen (CIS), zeigen eine starke Blauverschiebung, wenn als Referenz eine Hartree-Fock Slaterdeterminante verwendet wird. Wir zeigen, dass die Verwendung von kernnah-angeregten Determinanten sowohl das resultierende Spektrum als auch die Anregungsenergien deutlich verbessert. Des Weiteren werden auch Referenzen aus Dichtefunktionalrechnungen getestet. Zus{\"a}tzlich werden auch Referenzen mit gebrochenen Besetzungszahlen f{\"u}r kernnahe Elektronen verwendet. In der Arbeit werden die Resultate der verschiedenen Referenzen miteinander verglichen. Es zeigt sich, dass Referenzen mit gebrochenen Besetzungszahlen das Spektrum nicht weiter verbessern. Der Einfluss der verwendeten Elektronenstrukturmethode ist eher gering.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{EhlertPoltzQuandteetal.2022,
  author    = {Ehlert, Antje and Poltz, Nadine and Quandte, Sabine and Kohn-Henkel, Juliane and Kucian, Karin and Aster, Michael von and Esser, G{\"u}nter},
  title     = {Taking a closer look: The relationship between pre-school domain general cognition and school mathematics achievement when controlling for intelligence},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56233},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-562337},
  pages     = {1 -- 23},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Intelligence, as well as working memory and attention, affect the acquisition of mathematical competencies. This paper aimed to examine the influence of working memory and attention when taking different mathematical skills into account as a function of children's intellectual ability. Overall, intelligence, working memory, attention and numerical skills were assessed twice in 1868 German pre-school children (t1, t2) and again at 2nd grade (t3). We defined three intellectual ability groups based on the results of intellectual assessment at t1 and t2. Group comparisons revealed significant differences between the three intellectual ability groups. Over time, children with low intellectual ability showed the lowest achievement in domain-general and numerical and mathematical skills compared to children of average intellectual ability. The highest achievement on the aforementioned variables was found for children of high intellectual ability. Additionally, path modelling revealed that, depending on the intellectual ability, different models of varying complexity could be generated. These models differed with regard to the relevance of the predictors (t2) and the future mathematical skills (t3). Causes and conclusions of these findings are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Ehlers1977,
  author    = {Ehlers, Theodor},
  title     = {Zur G{\"u}ltigkeit der Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study : Form f{\"u}r Kinder},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54066},
  year      = {1977},
  abstract  = {Im ersten Teil werden die vorliegenden Untersuchungen zur Kinderform der Picture- Frustration Study (P-F S) diskutiert. Die vorgelegten Befunde st{\"u}tzen einander wenig. Neben methodischen M{\"a}ngeln der Untersuchungen lassen gewisse Besonderheiten des Tests wie der fehlende Geschlechterunterschied, das (unbekannte) Niveau der Selbstdarstellung und der (unber{\"u}cksichtigte) Anregungsgehalt der Bildvorlagen auf g{\"u}ltigkeitsmindernde Fehlervarianzquellen schließen. Im zweiten Teil wird eine Untersuchung beschrieben, in der die Testergebnisse von 28 neunj{\"a}hrigen Heimkindern beiderlei Geschlechts mit der Beurteilung der Aggressivit{\"a}t durch die Erzieher und mit den Aggressionen im freien Spiel verglichen wurden. Der Rosenzweig-Faktor E und, in gegenl{\"a}ufiger Richtung, die Impunitivit{\"a}t zeigten sehr enge Beziehungen zu den beiden Kriterien. Eine Kontrolle des Niveaus der Selbstdarstellung und des Anregungsgehaltes der Bildvorlagen erwies sich als nicht notwendig. Es ergab sich auch ein Erkl{\"a}rungsansatz in bezug auf die fehlende Geschlechterabh{\"a}ngigkeit der Aggressivit{\"a}tsvariablen der P-F S.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ehlers2014,
  author    = {Ehlers, Nadja},
  title     = {Die Entwicklung der {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlichen Gef{\"a}hrdungshaftung in Deutschland},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72381},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {XXIX, 131},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Inhalt der Arbeit ist es, einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die historische Entwicklung der {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlichen Gef{\"a}hrdungshaftung in Deutschland vom 18. Jahrhundert bis heute zu geben sowie ihre praktische Bedeutung zu analysieren. Dabei wird zwischen den unterschiedlichen Gesetzgebungen, Rechtsprechungen und den theoretischen L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tzen der {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlichen Gef{\"a}hrdungshaftung unterschieden und insbesondere letzteres problematisiert. Ferner wird auf das Verh{\"a}ltnis zu den grundrechtlichen Schutzpflichten, den sozialen Risikotatbest{\"a}nden, dem sozialrechtlichen Herstellungsanspruch und den Tumultsch{\"a}den eingegangen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Ehlers2022,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Ehlers, Daniel},
  title     = {Hjalmar Schachts 'Neuer Plan' in der nationalsozialistischen Außenwirtschaftspolitik},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-61148},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-611488},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {84},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht die Rolle des „Neuen Plan" von Reichswirtschaftsminister Hjalmar Schacht in der nationalsozialistischen Außenwirtschaftspolitik in f{\"u}nf konsekutiven Teilschritten. Erstens wird ein kurzer {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber den derzeitigen Forschungsstand zum „Neuen Plan" geliefert und auf die Quellenlage zur Bearbeitung der Fragestellung eingegangen. Um zweitens eine Aussage {\"u}ber das Verh{\"a}ltnis zwischen dem „Neuen Plan" und den außenwirtschaftspolitischen Leitlinien des Nationalsozialismus treffen zu k{\"o}nnen, werden diese f{\"u}r die NSDAP als Partei sowie f{\"u}r Hitler als unangefochtene politische F{\"u}hrungsfigur auf Basis geeigneter Prim{\"a}rquellen herausgearbeitet. Drittens wird anhand relevanter Wirtschaftsentwicklungen auf die Ausgangslage der außenwirtschaftspolitischen Krisensituation ab Mitte 1934 eingegangen, die durch den „Neuen Plan" im Sinne des NS-Regimes gel{\"o}st werden sollte. Viertens wird im Hauptteil der Forschungsarbeit der „Neue Plan" in mehreren Teilschritten erkl{\"a}rt. Zun{\"a}chst wird hierf{\"u}r auf die politischen Entwicklungen eingegangen, an welche der „Neue Plan" ankn{\"u}pfen konnte sowie auf die verschiedenen Bestandteile seiner Funktionsweise, die auf dieser Grundlage reformiert, erweitert oder neu geschaffen wurden. Inwieweit diese Maßnahmen mit den außenwirtschaftspolitischen Leitlinien der NS-Ideologie kompatibel waren, wird im Nachgang analysiert und kritisch eingeordnet. Die Effektivit{\"a}t des „Neuen Plans" wird zudem in Bezug auf f{\"u}nf Themenfelder anhand wirtschaftlicher Kennzahlen des Statistischen Jahrbuchs des Deutschen Reiches quellenbasiert beurteilt. Diese Analyse umfasst den Zeitraum vom Beginn des „Neuen Plans" im Jahr 1934 bis zur Entmachtung Schachts als Reichswirtschaftsminister zum Jahresende 1937.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EhlenzBergnerSchroeder2016,
  author    = {Ehlenz, Matthias and Bergner, Nadine and Schroeder, Ulrik},
  title     = {Synergieeffekte zwischen Fach- und Lehramtsstudierenden in Softwarepraktika},
  series = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae (CID)},
  journal   = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae (CID)},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-376-3},
  issn      = {1868-0844},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94875},
  pages     = {99 -- 102},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die Konzeption eines Software-Projektpraktikums im Bereich E-Learning, welches Lehramts- und Fachstudierenden der Informatik erm{\"o}glicht, voneinander zu profitieren und praxisrelevante Ergebnisse generiert. Vorbereitungen, Organisation und Durchf{\"u}hrung werden vorgestellt und diskutiert. Den Abschluss bildet ein Ausblick auf die Fortf{\"u}hrung des Konzepts und den Ausbau des Forschungsgebietes.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{EhlenFloegeGoebeletal.2023,
  author    = {Ehlen, Tobias and Fl{\"o}ge, Annie and G{\"o}bel, Franziska and Keller, Peter and Rœlly, Sylvie},
  title     = {{\"U}bungsbuch zur Stochastik},
  editor    = {Keller, Peter and Rœlly, Sylvie},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-563-7},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-59593},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-595939},
  pages     = {306},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Dieses Buch stellt {\"U}bungen zu den Grundbegriffen und Grunds{\"a}tzen der Stochastik und ihre L{\"o}sungen zur Verf{\"u}gung. So wie man Tonleitern in der Musik trainiert, so berechnet man {\"U}bungsaufgaben in der Mathematik. In diesem Sinne soll dieses {\"U}bungsbuch vor allem als Vorlage dienen f{\"u}r das eigenst{\"a}ndige, eigenverantwortliche Lernen und {\"U}ben. Die Sch{\"o}nheit und Einzigartigkeit der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie besteht darin, dass sie eine Vielzahl von realen Ph{\"a}nomenen modellieren kann. Daher findet man hier Aufgaben mit Verbindungen zur Geometrie, zu Gl{\"u}cksspielen, zur Versicherungsmathematik, zur Demographie und vielen anderen Themen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Ehebrecht2014,
  author    = {Ehebrecht, Daniel},
  title     = {The challenge of informal settlement upgrading : Breaking new ground in Hangberg, Cape Town?},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-300-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71232},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {184},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Despite its many challenges and limitations the concept of in situ upgrading of informal settlements has become one of the most favoured approaches to the housing crisis in the 'Global South'. Due to its inherent principles of incremental in situ development, prevention of relocations, protection of local livelihoods and democratic participation and cooperation, this approach is often perceived to be more sustainable than other housing approaches that often rely on quantitative housing delivery and top down planning methodologies. While this study does not question the benefits of the in situ upgrading approach, it seeks to identify problems of its practical implementation within a specific national and local context. The study discusses the origin and importance of this approach on the basis of a review of international housing policy development and analyses the broader political and social context of the incorporation of this approach into South African housing policy. It further uses insights from a recent case study in Cape Town to determine complications and conflicts that can arise when applying in situ upgrading of informal settlements in a complex local context. On that basis benefits and limitations of the in situ upgrading approach are specified and prerequisites for its successful implementation formulated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Egorova2022,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Egorova, Alisa},
  title     = {Hunting Down Animal Verbs},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-55770},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-557705},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {79},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Language change is an essential feature of human language, and it is therefore one of the focal areas of the scientific study of language. Language change is always tacitly at work in all languages of the world and at all levels of a given language, be it phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, etc. It has been suggested that it is precisely the capacity to constantly change and adjust that allows language to keep serving the communicative goals of its users, from ancient to modern times (Fauconnier \& Turner, 2003, p. 179). This thesis investigates an especially salient pattern of lexicogrammatical change, namely word-formation of verbs from animal nouns by zero-derivation, in the process of which such nouns as, for example, dog, horse, or beaver change their usage and meaning to produce animal verbs: to dog 'to follow someone persistently and with a malicious intent', to horse about/around 'to make fun of, to 'rag', to ridicule someone' and to beaver away 'to work at working with great enthusiasm' respectively. In the previous literature this pattern of language change has been termed verbal zoosemy (e.g. Kiełtyka, 2016), i.e. metaphorical construal of human actions by means of linguistic material from the domain of animals. The approach taken in this study is not to simply report on the objective changes in the morphology, syntactic distribution and meaning of such linguistic units before and after conversion, but to uncover the complexity of cognitive mechanisms which allow the speakers of English to reclassify such well-established nominal units as animal noun into verbs. It is assumed that the grammatical change in these lexical units is predicated on and triggered by preceding semantic change. Thus, the study is set in the framework of Cognitive Historical Semantics and employs the Conceptual Metaphor and Metonymy Theory (CMMT) to untangle the intricacies of the semantic change making the grammatical change of animal nouns into verbs possible and acceptable in the minds of English speakers. To this end, this study employed the Oxford English Dictionary Online (OED Online) to compile a glossary of 96 denominal animal verbal forms tied to 209 verbal senses (most verbs in the dataset displayed polysemy). The data collected from the OED Online included not only the senses of the verbs, but also the date of the earliest recorded use of the verbal form with the given sense (regarded in the study as the date of conversion), the earliest usage examples for individual senses and morphologically or semantically related linguistic units from the lexical field of the respective parent noun which were amenable to explaining the observed instances of semantic change. Each instance of zoosemisation, i.e. of the creation of a separate metaphorical verbal sense, was then carefully analysed on the basis of the data collected and classified with the help of the CMMT. In the final stage, a comprehensive and systematic classification of the senses of animal verbs in accordance with the cognitive mechanisms of their creation (metaphor, metonymy, or a combination thereof) was produced together with a timeline of the first appearance of individual metaphorical senses of animal verbs recorded in the OED. The results show that animal verbs are produced through the interaction of conceptual metaphor and metonymy. Specifically, it was established that two major patterns of metaphor-metonymy interaction underpinning the process of verbal zoosemisation are metaphor from metonymy and metonymy from metaphor. In the former pattern, either an already existing metonymic animal verb is expanded to include the target domain PEOPLE, or the animal noun itself acts as a metonymic vehicle to a certain element of the idealised cognitive model of the given animal, which is metaphorically projected onto people. In the latter mechanism, a metaphorical projection of an animal term initially enters the lexicon in the form of a metaphorical animal noun referring to a human entity, and later in the course of language development it comes to metonymically stand for the action, which the given entity either performs or is involved in. Secondarily, it was observed that individual animal nouns can undergo multiple rounds of zoosemic conversion over time depending on the semantic frame in which the given linguistic unit undergoes denominal conversion, and that results in the polysemy of most animal verbs.},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{EgorovKondratievSchulze2001,
  author    = {Egorov, Yu. and Kondratiev, V. and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang},
  title     = {On completeness of eigenfunctions of an elliptic operator on a manifold with conical points},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-25937},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Contents: 1 Introduction 2 Definitions 3 Rays of minimal growth 4 Completeness of root functions},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{EgorovKondratievSchulze2004,
  author    = {Egorov, Jurij V. and Kondratiev, V. A. and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang},
  title     = {On the completeness of root functions of elliptic boundary problems in a domain with conical points on the boundary},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-26773},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Contents: 1 Introduction 2 Definitions 3 Rays of minimal growth 4 Proof of Theorem 2. 5 The growth of the resolvent 6 Proof of Theorem 3. 7 The completeness of root functions 8 Some generalizations},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EgloffsteinHuenemohrIfenthaler2023,
  author    = {Egloffstein, Marc and H{\"u}nemohr, Holger and Ifenthaler, Dirk},
  title     = {Modularization of open online courses on the eGov-Campus},
  series = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?},
  journal   = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?},
  editor    = {Meinel, Christoph and Schweiger, Stefanie and Staubitz, Thomas and Conrad, Robert and Alario Hoyos, Carlos and Ebner, Martin and Sancassani, Susanna and Żur, Agnieszka and Friedl, Christian and Halawa, Sherif and Gamage, Dilrukshi and Scott, Jeffrey and Kristine Jonson Carlon, May and Deville, Yves and Gaebel, Michael and Delgado Kloos, Carlos and von Schmieden, Karen},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-62388},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-623888},
  pages     = {105 -- 112},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Modularization describes the transformation of MOOCs from a comprehensive academic course format into smaller, more manageable learning offerings. It can be seen as one of the prerequisites for the successful implementation of MOOC-based micro-credentials in professional education and training. This short paper reports on the development and application of a modularization framework for Open Online Courses. Using the example of eGov-Campus, a German MOOC provider for the public sector linked to both academia and formal professional development, the structural specifications for modularized MOOC offerings and a methodology for course transformation as well as associated challenges in technology, organization and educational design are outlined. Following on from this, future prospects are discussed under the headings of individualization, certification and integration.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Egli2021,
  author    = {Egli, Lukas},
  title     = {Stabilizing agricultural systems through diversity},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-49684},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-496848},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VII, 125},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In the light of climate change, rising demands for agricultural products and the intensification and specialization of agricultural systems, ensuring an adequate and reliable supply of food is fundamental for food security. Maintaining diversity and redundancy has been postulated as one generic principle to increase the resilience of agricultural production and other ecosystem services. For example, if one crop fails due to climate instability and extreme events, others can compensate the losses. Crop diversity might be particularly important if different crops show asynchronous production trends. Furthermore, spatial heterogeneity has been suggested to increase stability at larger scales as production losses in some areas can be buffered by surpluses in undisturbed ones. Besides systematically investigating the mechanisms underlying stability, identifying transformative pathways that foster them is important. In my thesis, I aim at answering the following questions: (i) How does yield stability differ between nations, regions and farms, and what is the effect of crop diversity on yield stability in relation to agricultural inputs, climate heterogeneity, climate instability and time at the national, regional or farm level? (ii) Is asynchrony between crops a better predictor of production stability than crop diversity? (iii) What is the effect of asynchrony between and within crops on stability and how is it related to crop diversity and space, respectively? (iv) What is the state of the art and what are knowledge gaps in exploring resilience and its multidimensionality in ecological and social-ecological systems with agent-based models and what are potential ways forward? In the first chapter, I provide the theoretical background for the subsequent analyses. I stress the need to better understand the resilience of social-ecological systems and particularly the stability of agricultural production. Moreover, I introduce diversity and spatial heterogeneity as two prominently discussed resilience mechanisms and describe approaches to assess resilience. In the second chapter, I combined agriculture and climate data at three levels of organization and spatial extents to investigate yield stability patterns and their relation to crop diversity, fertilizer, irrigation, climate heterogeneity and instability and time of nations globally, regions in Europe and farms in Germany using statistical analyses. Yield stability decreased from the national to the farm level. Several nations and regions substantially contributed to larger-scale stability. Crop diversity was positively associated with yield stability across all three levels of organization. This effect was typically more profound at smaller scales and in variable climates. In addition to crop diversity, climate heterogeneity was an important stabilizing mechanism especially at larger scales. These results confirm the stabilizing effect of crop diversity and spatial heterogeneity, yet their importance depends on the scale and agricultural management. Building on the findings of the second chapter, I deepened in the third chapter my research on the effect of crop diversity at the national level. In particular, I tested if asynchrony between crops, i.e. between the temporal production patterns of different crops, better predicts agricultural production stability than crop diversity. The stabilizing effect of asynchrony was multiple times higher than the effect of crop diversity, i.e. asynchrony is one important property that can explain why a higher diversity supports the stability of national food production. Therefore, strategies to stabilize agricultural production through crop diversification also need to account for the asynchrony of the crops considered. The previous chapters suggest that both asynchrony between crops and spatial heterogeneity are important stabilizing mechanisms. In the fourth chapter, I therefore aimed at better understanding the relative importance of asynchrony between and within crops, i.e. between the temporal production patterns of different crops and between the temporal production patterns of different cultivation areas of the same crop. Better understanding their relative importance is important to inform agricultural management decisions, but so far this has been hardly assessed. To address this, I used crop production data to study the effect of asynchrony between and within crops on the stability of agricultural production in regions in Germany and nations in Europe. Both asynchrony between and within crops consistently stabilized agricultural production. Adding crops increased asynchrony between crops, yet this effect levelled off after eight crops in regions in Germany and after four crops in nations in Europe. Combining already ten farms within a region led to high asynchrony within crops, indicating distinct production patters, while this effect was weaker when combining multiple regions within a nation. The results suggest, that both mechanisms need to be considered in agricultural management strategies that strive for more resilient farming systems. The analyses in the foregoing chapters focused at different levels of organization, scales and factors potentially influencing agricultural stability. However, these statistical analyses are restricted by data availability and investigate correlative relationships, thus they cannot provide a mechanistic understanding of the actual processes underlying resilience. In this regard, agent-based models (ABM) are a promising tool. Besides their ability to measure different properties and to integrate multiple situations through extensive manipulation in a fully controlled system, they can capture the emergence of system resilience from individual interactions and feedbacks across different levels of organization. In the fifth chapter, I therefore reviewed the state of the art and potential knowledge gaps in exploring resilience and its multidimensionality in ecological and social-ecological systems with ABMs. Next, I derived recommendations for a more effective use of ABMs in resilience research. The review suggests that the potential of ABMs is not utilized in most models as they typically focus on a single dimension of resilience and are mostly limited to one reference state, disturbance type and scale. Moreover, only few studies explicitly test the ability of different mechanisms to support resilience. To solve real-world problems related to the resilience of complex systems, ABMs need to assess multiple stability properties for different situations and under consideration of the mechanisms that are hypothesized to render a system resilient. In the sixth chapter, I discuss the major conclusions that can be drawn from the previous chapters. Moreover, I showcase the use of simulation models to identify management strategies to enhance asynchrony and thus stability, and the potential of ABMs to identify pathways to implement such strategies. The results of my thesis confirm the stabilizing effect of crop diversity, yet its importance depends on the scale, agricultural management and climate. Moreover, strategies to stabilize agricultural production through crop diversification also need to account for the asynchrony of the crops considered. As spatial heterogeneity and particularly asynchrony within crops strongly enhances stability, integrated management approaches are needed that simultaneously address multiple resilience mechanisms at different levels of organization, scales and time horizons. For example, the simulation suggests that only increasing the number of crops at both the pixel and landscape level avoids trade-offs between asynchrony between and within crops. If their potential is better exploited, agent-based models have the capacity to systematically assess resilience and to identify comprehensive pathways towards resilient farming systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EgholmAndersenFaurschouKnudsenetal.2015,
  author    = {Egholm, David L. and Andersen, Jane Lund and Faurschou Knudsen, Mads and Jansen, John D. and Nielsen, S. B.},
  title     = {The periglacial engine of mountain erosion},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {552},
  issn      = {1866-8372},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-40971},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-409718},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {There is growing recognition of strong periglacial control on bedrock erosion in mountain landscapes, including the shaping of low-relief surfaces at high elevations (summit flats). But, as yet, the hypothesis that frost action was crucial to the assumed Late Cenozoic rise in erosion rates remains compelling and untested. Here we present a landscape evolution model incorporating two key periglacial processes - regolith production via frost cracking and sediment transport via frost creep - which together are harnessed to variations in temperature and the evolving thickness of sediment cover. Our computational experiments time-integrate the contribution of frost action to shaping mountain topography over million-year timescales, with the primary and highly reproducible outcome being the development of flattish or gently convex summit flats. A simple scaling of temperature to marine delta O-18 records spanning the past 14 Myr indicates that the highest summit flats in mid-to high-latitude mountains may have formed via frost action prior to the Quaternary. We suggest that deep cooling in the Quaternary accelerated mechanical weathering globally by significantly expanding the area subject to frost. Further, the inclusion of subglacial erosion alongside periglacial processes in our computational experiments points to alpine glaciers increasing the long-term efficiency of frost-driven erosion by steepening hillslopes.},
  language  = {en}
}