@article{KraheSchusterTomaszewska2021,
  author    = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Schuster, Isabell and Tomaszewska, Paulina},
  title     = {Prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration in a German university student sample},
  series = {Archives of sexual behavior : the official publication of the International Academy of Sex Research},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {Archives of sexual behavior : the official publication of the International Academy of Sex Research},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0004-0002},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10508-021-01963-4},
  pages     = {2109 -- 2121},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This study examined the prevalence of sexual aggression perpetration and victimization in a sample of 1,172 students (755 female, 417 male) from four universities in Germany. All participants were asked about both victimization by, and perpetration of, sexual aggression since the age of 14 years, using the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S). Prevalence rates were established for different coercive strategies, sexual acts, and victim-perpetrator relationships. Both same-sex and opposite-sex victim-perpetrator constellations were examined. The overall victimization rate was 62.1\% for women and 37.5\% for men. The overall perpetration rate was 17.7\% for men and 9.4\% for women. Prevalence rates of both victimization and perpetration were higher for participants who had sexual contacts with both opposite-sex and same-sex partners than for participants with exclusively opposite-sex partners. Significant overlap was found between victim and perpetrator status for men and women as well as for participants with only opposite-sex and both opposite-sex and same-sex partners. A disparity between (higher) victimization and (lower) perpetration reports was found for both men and women, suggesting a general underreporting of perpetration rather than a gendered explanation in terms of social desirability or the perception of consent cues. The findings are placed in the international research literature on the prevalence of sexual aggression before and after the \#metoo campaign, and their implications for prevention efforts are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KraheTomaszewska2011,
  author    = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Tomaszewska, Paulina},
  title     = {Sexual scripts and the acceptance of sexual aggression in Polish adolescents},
  series = {European journal of developmental psychology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {European journal of developmental psychology},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hove},
  issn      = {1740-5629},
  doi       = {10.1080/17405629.2011.611034},
  pages     = {697 -- 712},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {A study with 199 Polish adolescents explored the prominence of risk factors of sexual aggression as part of the sexual scripts for consensual sexual encounters and as predictors of the acceptance of sexual aggression. Distinguishing between general scripts, attributed to the age group as a whole, and individual scripts, reflecting personal standards, sexual scripts were linked to the normative endorsement of the risk factors and to the acceptance of sexual aggression. Individual scripts contained fewer risk factors of sexual aggression than general scripts. The more prominently the risk elements featured in the individual (but not in the general) scripts, the more they were seen as acceptable. For boys, risk scores in individual scripts were correlated with sexual behaviour and linked to the acceptance of sexual aggression via their normative endorsement. The distinction between individual and general scripts as guidelines for behaviour is discussed in terms of its significance for the understanding of sexual aggression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KraheTomaszewskaKuyperetal.2014,
  author    = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Tomaszewska, Paulina and Kuyper, Lisette and Vanwesenbeeck, Ine},
  title     = {Prevalence of sexual aggression among young people in Europe: a review of the evidence from 27 EU countries},
  series = {Aggression and violent behavior : a review journa},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {Aggression and violent behavior : a review journa},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1359-1789},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.avb.2014.07.005},
  pages     = {545 -- 558},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Sexual aggression poses a serious threat to the sexual well-being of young people. This paper documents the available evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression perpetration and victimization from 27 EU countries, established as part of the Youth Sexual Aggression and Victimization (Y-SAV) project. A total of N = 113 studies were identified through a systematic review of the literature and consultations with experts in each country. Despite differences in the number of available studies, methodology, and sample composition, the review shows substantial prevalence rates of sexual aggression perpetration and victimization across Europe. A wide variation was found, both within and between countries. The lifetime prevalence rates of female sexual victimization, excluding childhood sexual abuse, ranged from 9 to 83\%, the rates of male sexual victimization ranged from 2 to 66\%, the rates of male sexual aggression ranged from 0 to 80\%, and the range of female sexual aggression ranged from 0.8 to 40\%. One-year prevalence rates showed a similar variability. Conceptual and methodological problems in the database are discussed, and an outline is presented for a more harmonized approach to studying the scale of sexual aggression among young people in Europe. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KraheVanwesenbeeck2016,
  author    = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Vanwesenbeeck, Ine},
  title     = {Mapping an agenda for the study of youth sexual aggression in Europe: assessment, principles of good practice, and the multilevel analysis of risk factors},
  series = {Journal of sexual aggression},
  volume    = {22},
  journal   = {Journal of sexual aggression},
  publisher = {Karger},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {1355-2600},
  doi       = {10.1080/13552600.2015.1066885},
  pages     = {161 -- 174},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Sexual aggression is a serious threat to young people's sexual health in Europe, but establishing the exact scale of the problem has been hampered by a variety of conceptual and methodological problems. This article presents a framework for studying youth sexual aggression that addresses both prevalence and risk factors of victimisation and perpetration. It proposes a research tool to comprehensively assess the perpetration of, and victimisation by, sexual aggression that captures different coercive strategies, sexual acts, victim-perpetrator relations, and gender constellations. The instrument is rooted in a clear conceptual definition of sexual aggression and was pilot-tested in 10 countries of the European Union (EU). Furthermore, a list of good practice criteria is proposed to promote the quality and comparability of research on youth sexual aggression in Europe. A multilevel approach combining individual-level and country-level predictors of sexual aggression is outlined and illustrated with data from the pilot study in 10 countries.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{SchusterKrahe2017,
  author    = {Schuster, Isabell and Krah{\´e}, Barbara},
  title     = {The prevalence of sexual aggression in Turkey: A systematic review},
  series = {Aggression and violent behavior : a review journa},
  volume    = {37},
  journal   = {Aggression and violent behavior : a review journa},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1359-1789},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.avb.2017.05.003},
  pages     = {102 -- 114},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Although sexual aggression is recognized as a serious problem worldwide, evidence on the prevalence and impact of sexual aggression is based predominantly on studies from Western countries with a Christian or non-religious majority. Little evidence is available from non-Western countries, especially from Muslim societies. The purpose of the present article was to provide a first systematic review of the studies examining the prevalence of sexual aggression in Turkey, including both victimization and perpetration reports from women and men. Additionally, differences in prevalence rates depending on relationship constellations and characteristics of victims and perpetrators were reviewed. By a two-stage literature search, 56 studies were identified for inclusion. All studies examined sexual victimization of women, only four studies included sexual victimization of men. Data on sexual aggression perpetration were extremely limited, with only two studies providing prevalence rates. Prevalence rates of sexual victimization were found to vary greatly, which may be attributed to a lack of methodological and conceptual consistency across studies. Likewise, no consistent picture was revealed for victims' or perpetrators' sociodemographic or situational characteristics associated with differences in prevalence rates. We discuss reasons for the variability in prevalence rates and outline recommendations for future research.},
  language  = {en}
}