@article{AdelElbeheryAzizetal.2016, author = {Adel, Mustafa and Elbehery, Ali H. A. and Aziz, Sherry K. and Aziz, Ramy K. and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Siam, Rania}, title = {Viruses-to-mobile genetic elements skew in the deep Atlantis II brine pool sediments}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {6}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/srep32704}, pages = {8882 -- 8888}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The central rift of the Red Sea has 25 brine pools with different physical and geochemical characteristics. Atlantis II (ATIID), Discovery Deeps (DD) and Chain Deep (CD) are characterized by high salinity, temperature and metal content. Several studies reported microbial communities in these brine pools, but few studies addressed the brine pool sediments. Therefore, sediment cores were collected from ATIID, DD, CD brine pools and an adjacent brine-influenced site. Sixteen different lithologic sediment sections were subjected to shotgun DNA pyrosequencing to generate 1.47 billion base pairs (1.47 x 10(9) bp). We generated sediment-specific reads and attempted to annotate all reads. We report the phylogenetic and biochemical uniqueness of the deepest ATIID sulfur-rich brine pool sediments. In contrary to all other sediment sections, bacteria dominate the deepest ATIID sulfur-rich brine pool sediments. This decrease in virus-to-bacteria ratio in selected sections and depth coincided with an overrepresentation of mobile genetic elements. Skewing in the composition of viruses-to-mobile genetic elements may uniquely contribute to the distinct microbial consortium in sediments in proximity to hydrothermally active vents of the Red Sea and possibly in their surroundings, through differential horizontal gene transfer.}, language = {en} } @article{AliRungeDutbayevetal.2016, author = {Ali, Tahir and Runge, Fabian and Dutbayev, Ayan and Schmuker, Angelika and Solovyeva, Irina and Nigrelli, Lisa and Buch, Ann-Katrin and Xia, Xiaojuan and Ploch, Sebastian and Orren, Ouria and Kummer, Volker and Paule, Juraj and Celik, Ali and Vakhrusheva, Ljudmila and Gabrielyan, Ivan and Thines, Marco}, title = {Microthlaspi erraticum (Jord.) T. Ali et Thines has a wide distribution, ranging from the Alps to the Tien Shan}, series = {Flora : morphology, distribution, functional ecology of plants}, volume = {225}, journal = {Flora : morphology, distribution, functional ecology of plants}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Jena}, issn = {0367-2530}, doi = {10.1016/j.flora.2016.09.008}, pages = {76 -- 81}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Microthlaspi is a predominantly Eurasian genus which also occurs in the northernmost parts of Africa (Maghreb). The most widespread species of the genus is M. perfoliatum, which can be found from Sweden to Algeria and from Portugal to China. The other species are thought to have much more confined distribution ranges, often covering only a few hundred kilometres. This is also believed for the diploid M. erraticum, which was recently re-appraised as a taxon independent from the tetra- to hexaploid M. perfoliatum. Previously, M. erraticum was believed to be present only in Central Europe, from the East of France to Slovenia. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the ecology, evolution and migration history of Microthlaspi it was the focus of the current study to investigate, if M. erraticum is present in habitats outside Central Europe, but with microclimates similar to Central Europe. It is demonstrated that M. erraticum is much more widespread than previously thought, while other lineages apart from M. perfoliatum s.str. and M. erraticum seem to have restricted distribution ranges. The latter species was observed from the Alps and their foreland, the Balkans, the mountainous areas around the Black Sea, Southern Siberia, as well as the Altai and Tien Shan mountains. This demonstrates a widespread occurrence of this easily-overlooked species. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{AlluBrotmanXueetal.2016, author = {Allu, Annapurna Devi and Brotman, Yariv and Xue, Gang-Ping and Balazadeh, Salma}, title = {Transcription factor ANAC032 modulates JA/SA signalling in response to Pseudomonas syringae infection}, series = {EMBO reports}, volume = {17}, journal = {EMBO reports}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1469-221X}, doi = {10.15252/embr.201642197}, pages = {1578 -- 1589}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Responses to pathogens, including host transcriptional reprogramming, require partially antagonistic signalling pathways dependent on the phytohormones salicylic (SA) and jasmonic (JA) acids. However, upstream factors modulating the interplay of these pathways are not well characterized. Here, we identify the transcription factor ANAC032 from Arabidopsis thaliana as one such regulator in response to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst). ANAC032 directly represses MYC2 activation upon Pst attack, resulting in blockage of coronatine-mediated stomatal reopening which restricts entry of bacteria into plant tissue. Furthermore, ANAC032 activates SA signalling by repressing NIMIN1, a key negative regulator of SA-dependent defence. Finally, ANAC032 reduces expression of JA-responsive genes, including PDF1.2A. Thus, ANAC032 enhances resistance to Pst by generating an orchestrated transcriptional output towards key SA- and JA-signalling genes coordinated through direct binding of ANAC032 to the MYC2, NIMIN1 and PDF1.2A promoters.}, language = {en} } @article{AlmathenCharruauMohandesanetal.2016, author = {Almathen, Faisal and Charruau, Pauline and Mohandesan, Elmira and Mwacharo, Joram M. and Orozco-terWengel, Pablo and Pitt, Daniel and Abdussamad, Abdussamad M. and Uerpmann, Margarethe and Uerpmann, Hans-Peter and De Cupere, Bea and Magee, Peter and Alnaqeeb, Majed A. and Salim, Bashir and Raziq, Abdul and Dessie, Tadelle and Abdelhadi, Omer M. and Banabazi, Mohammad H. and Al-Eknah, Marzook and Walzer, Chris and Fayer, Bernard and Hofreiter, Michael and Peters, Joris and Hanotte, Olivier and Burger, Pamela A.}, title = {Ancient and modern DNA reveal dynamics of domestication and cross-continental dispersal of the dromedary}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {113}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, publisher = {National Acad. of Sciences}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0027-8424}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1519508113}, pages = {6707 -- 6712}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Dromedaries have been fundamental to the development of human societies in arid landscapes and for long-distance trade across hostile hot terrains for 3,000 y. Today they continue to be an important livestock resource in marginal agro-ecological zones. However, the history of dromedary domestication and the influence of ancient trading networks on their genetic structure have remained elusive. We combined ancient DNA sequences of wild and early-domesticated dromedary samples from arid regions with nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial genotype information from 1,083 extant animals collected across the species' range. We observe little phylogeographic signal in the modern population, indicative of extensive gene flow and virtually affecting all regions except East Africa, where dromedary populations have remained relatively isolated. In agreement with archaeological findings, we identify wild dromedaries from the southeast Arabian Peninsula among the founders of the domestic dromedary gene pool. Approximate Bayesian computations further support the "restocking from the wild" hypothesis, with an initial domestication followed by introgression from individuals from wild, now-extinct populations. Compared with other livestock, which show a long history of gene flow with their wild ancestors, we find a high initial diversity relative to the native distribution of the wild ancestor on the Arabian Peninsula and to the brief coexistence of early-domesticated and wild individuals. This study also demonstrates the potential to retrieve ancient DNA sequences from osseous remains excavated in hot and dry desert environments.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{ArmaregoMarriott2016, author = {Armarego-Marriott, Tegan}, title = {From dark to light}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {158}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{AvcilarKucukgoze2016, author = {Avcilar-Kucukgoze, Irem}, title = {Effect of tRNA Aminoacylation and Cellular Resources Allocation on the Dynamics of Translation in Escherichia coli}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {131}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{AvcilarKucukgozeBartholomaeusVarelaetal.2016, author = {Avcilar-Kucukgoze, Irem and Bartholom{\"a}us, Alexander and Varela, Juan A. Cordero and Kaml, Robert Franz-Xaver and Neubauer, Peter and Budisa, Nediljko and Ignatova, Zoya}, title = {Discharging tRNAs: a tug of war between translation and detoxification in Escherichia coli}, series = {Nucleic acids research}, volume = {44}, journal = {Nucleic acids research}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0305-1048}, doi = {10.1093/nar/gkw697}, pages = {8324 -- 8334}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Translation is a central cellular process and is optimized for speed and fidelity. The speed of translation of a single codon depends on the concentration of aminoacyl-tRNAs. Here, we used microarray-based approaches to analyze the charging levels of tRNAs in Escherichia coli growing at different growth rates. Strikingly, we observed a non-uniform aminoacylation of tRNAs in complex media. In contrast, in minimal medium, the level of aminoacyl-tRNAs is more uniform and rises to approximately 60\%. Particularly, the charging level of tRNA(Ser), tRNA(Cys), tRNA(Thr) and tRNA(His) is below 50\% in complex medium and their aminoacylation levels mirror the degree that amino acids inhibit growth when individually added to minimal medium. Serine is among the most toxic amino acids for bacteria and tRNAs(Ser) exhibit the lowest charging levels, below 10\%, at high growth rate although intracellular serine concentration is plentiful. As a result some serine codons are among the most slowly translated codons. A large fraction of the serine is most likely degraded by L-serine-deaminase, which competes with the seryl-tRNA-synthetase that charges the tRNAs(Ser). These results indicate that the level of aminoacylation in complex media might be a competition between charging for translation and degradation of amino acids that inhibit growth.}, language = {en} } @article{AyllonRailsbackVincenzietal.2016, author = {Ayllon, Daniel and Railsback, Steven Floyd and Vincenzi, Simone and Groeneveld, Juergen and Almodoevar, Ana and Grimm, Volker}, title = {InSTREAM-Gen: Modelling eco-evolutionary dynamics of trout populations under anthropogenic environmental change}, series = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, volume = {326}, journal = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0304-3800}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.07.026}, pages = {36 -- 53}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Current rates of environmental change are exceeding the capacity of many populations to adapt to new conditions and thus avoid demographic collapse and ultimate extinction. In particular, cold-water freshwater fish species are predicted to experience strong selective pressure from climate change and a wide range of interacting anthropogenic stressors in the near future. To implement effective management and conservation measures, it is crucial to quantify the maximum rate of change that cold-water freshwater fish populations can withstand. Here, we present a spatially explicit eco-genetic individual-based model, inSTREAM-Gen, to predict the eco-evolutionary dynamics of stream-dwelling trout under anthropogenic environmental change. The model builds on a well-tested demographic model, which includes submodels of river dynamics, bioenergetics, and adaptive habitat selection, with a new genetic module that allows exploration of genetic and life-history adaptations to new environments. The genetic module models the transmission of two key traits, size at emergence and maturity size threshold. We parameterized the model for a brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) population at the warmest edge of its range to validate it and analyze its sensitivity to parameters under contrasting thermal profiles. To illustrate potential applications of the model, we analyzed the population's demographic and evolutionary dynamics under scenarios of (1) climate change-induced warming, and (2) warming plus flow reduction resulting from climate and land use change, compared to (3) a baseline of no environmental change. The model predicted severe declines in density and biomass under climate warming. These declines were lower than expected at range margins because of evolution towards smaller size at both emergence and maturation compared to the natural evolution under the baseline conditions. Despite stronger evolutionary responses, declining rates were substantially larger under the combined warming and flow reduction scenario, leading to a high probability of population extinction over contemporary time frames. Therefore, adaptive responses could not prevent extinction under high rates of environmental change. Our model demonstrates critical elements of next generation ecological modelling aiming at predictions in a changing world as it accounts for spatial and temporal resource heterogeneity, while merging individual behaviour and bioenergetics with microevolutionary adaptations.}, language = {en} } @article{BabalolaOmorogieBabarindeetal.2016, author = {Babalola, Jonathan Oyebamiji and Omorogie, Martins Osaigbovo and Babarinde, Adesola Abiola and Unuabonah, Emmanuel Iyayi and Oninla, Vincent Olukayode}, title = {OPTIMIZATION OF THE BIOSORPTION OF Cr3+, Cd2+ AND Pb2+ USING A NEW BIOWASTE: Zea mays SEED CHAFF}, series = {Environmental engineering and management journal}, volume = {15}, journal = {Environmental engineering and management journal}, publisher = {Gh. Asachi Universitatea Tehnic{\"A}ƒ Ia{\AA}Ÿi}, address = {Iasi}, issn = {1582-9596}, pages = {1571 -- 1580}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This study highlights the potential use of yellow Zea mays seed chaff (YZMSC) biomass as a biosorbent for the removal of Cr3+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions. Fourier transformed Infrared analysis of the biomass suggests that YZMSC biomass is basically composed of cellulose and methyl cellulose. The biosorption capacities, q(max), of YZMSC biomass for Cr3+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ are 14.68, 121.95 and 384.62 mg/g respectively. Biosorption equilibrium was achieved at 20, 30 and 60 min for Cr3+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ respectively. YZMSC biomass was found to have higher biosorption capacity and overall kinetic rate of uptake for Pb2+ than for Cd2+ and Cr3+. However, Cr3+ had better initial kinetic rate of uptake by the biomass than Pb2+ and Cd2+. The Freundlich equilibrium isotherm model was found to describe equilibrium data better than Langmuir model suggesting that biosorption of these metal ions could be on more than one active site on the surface of YZMSC biomass. Kinetic study predicted the pseudo-second kinetic model as being able to better describe kinetic data obtained than either modified pseudo-first order or Bangham kinetic models. Biosorption of Cr3+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ onto YZMSC biomass was endothermic in nature with large positive entropy values. Biosorption of these metal ions onto YZMSC biomass was observed to be feasible and spontaneous above 283 K. Optimization of biomass weight for the removal of these metal ions suggest that 384 kg, 129 kg and 144 kg of YZMSC biomass is required for the removal of 95\% of Cr3+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ metal ions respectively from 100 mg/L of metal ions in 10 tonnes of aqueous solutions.}, language = {en} } @article{BaderKlierHettrichetal.2016, author = {Bader, Denise and Klier, Dennis Tobias and Hettrich, C. and Bier, Frank Fabian and Wessig, Pablo}, title = {Detecting carbohydrate-lectin interactions using a fluorescent probe based on DBD dyes}, series = {Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications}, volume = {8}, journal = {Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1759-9660}, doi = {10.1039/c5ay02991k}, pages = {1235 -- 1238}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Herein we present an efficient synthesis of a biomimetic probe with modular construction that can be specifically bound by the mannose binding FimH protein - a surface adhesion protein of E. coli bacteria. The synthesis combines the new and interesting DBD dye with the carbohydrate ligand mannose via a Click reaction. We demonstrate the binding to E. coli bacteria over a large concentration range and also present some special characteristics of those molecules that are of particular interest for the application as a biosensor. In particular, the mix-and-measure ability and the very good photo-stability should be highlighted here.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Barahimipour2016, author = {Barahimipour, Rouhollah}, title = {Optimization of transgene expression in the nuclear genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and characterization of Chlamydomonas expression strains}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {152}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Bartholomaeus2016, author = {Bartholom{\"a}us, Alexander}, title = {Analyzing Transcriptional and Translational Control in E. coli using Deep-Seq Data}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {179}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{BartholomaeusFedyuninFeistetal.2016, author = {Bartholom{\"a}us, Alexander and Fedyunin, Ivan and Feist, Peter and Sin, Celine and Zhang, Gong and Valleriani, Angelo and Ignatova, Zoya}, title = {Bacteria differently regulate mRNA abundance to specifically respond to various stresses}, series = {Geology}, volume = {374}, journal = {Geology}, publisher = {Royal Society}, address = {London}, issn = {1364-503X}, doi = {10.1098/rsta.2015.0069}, pages = {16}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Environmental stress is detrimental to cell viability and requires an adequate reprogramming of cellular activities to maximize cell survival. We present a global analysis of the response of Escherichia coli to acute heat and osmotic stress. We combine deep sequencing of total mRNA and ribosome-protected fragments to provide a genome-wide map of the stress response at transcriptional and translational levels. For each type of stress, we observe a unique subset of genes that shape the stress-specific response. Upon temperature upshift, mRNAs with reduced folding stability up-and downstream of the start codon, and thus with more accessible initiation regions, are translationally favoured. Conversely, osmotic upshift causes a global reduction of highly translated transcripts with high copy numbers, allowing reallocation of translation resources to not degraded and newly synthesized mRNAs.}, language = {en} } @misc{BatsiosRenBaumannetal.2016, author = {Batsios, Petros and Ren, Xiang and Baumann, Otto and Larochelle, Denis A. and Gr{\"a}f, Ralph}, title = {Src1 is a Protein of the Inner Nuclear Membrane Interacting with the Dictyostelium Lamin NE81}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-97033}, pages = {15}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The nuclear envelope (NE) consists of the outer and inner nuclear membrane (INM), whereby the latter is bound to the nuclear lamina. Src1 is a Dictyostelium homologue of the helix-extension-helix family of proteins, which also includes the human lamin-binding protein MAN1. Both endogenous Src1 and GFP-Src1 are localized to the NE during the entire cell cycle. Immuno-electron microscopy and light microscopy after differential detergent treatment indicated that Src1 resides in the INM. FRAP experiments with GFP-Src1 cells suggested that at least a fraction of the protein could be stably engaged in forming the nuclear lamina together with the Dictyostelium lamin NE81. Both a BioID proximity assay and mis-localization of soluble, truncated mRFP-Src1 at cytosolic clusters consisting of an intentionally mis-localized mutant of GFP-NE81 confirmed an interaction of Src1 and NE81. Expression GFP-Src11-646, a fragment C-terminally truncated after the first transmembrane domain, disrupted interaction of nuclear membranes with the nuclear lamina, as cells formed protrusions of the NE that were dependent on cytoskeletal pulling forces. Protrusions were dependent on intact microtubules but not actin filaments. Our results indicate that Src1 is required for integrity of the NE and highlight Dictyostelium as a promising model for the evolution of nuclear architecture.}, language = {en} } @article{BatsiosRenBaumannetal.2016, author = {Batsios, Petros and Ren, Xiang and Baumann, Otto and Larochelle, Denis A. and Gr{\"a}f, Ralph}, title = {Src1 is a Protein of the Inner Nuclear Membrane Interacting with the Dictyostelium Lamin NE81}, series = {Cells}, volume = {5}, journal = {Cells}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4409}, doi = {10.3390/cells5010013}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The nuclear envelope (NE) consists of the outer and inner nuclear membrane (INM), whereby the latter is bound to the nuclear lamina. Src1 is a Dictyostelium homologue of the helix-extension-helix family of proteins, which also includes the human lamin-binding protein MAN1. Both endogenous Src1 and GFP-Src1 are localized to the NE during the entire cell cycle. Immuno-electron microscopy and light microscopy after differential detergent treatment indicated that Src1 resides in the INM. FRAP experiments with GFP-Src1 cells suggested that at least a fraction of the protein could be stably engaged in forming the nuclear lamina together with the Dictyostelium lamin NE81. Both a BioID proximity assay and mis-localization of soluble, truncated mRFP-Src1 at cytosolic clusters consisting of an intentionally mis-localized mutant of GFP-NE81 confirmed an interaction of Src1 and NE81. Expression GFP-Src11-646, a fragment C-terminally truncated after the first transmembrane domain, disrupted interaction of nuclear membranes with the nuclear lamina, as cells formed protrusions of the NE that were dependent on cytoskeletal pulling forces. Protrusions were dependent on intact microtubules but not actin filaments. Our results indicate that Src1 is required for integrity of the NE and highlight Dictyostelium as a promising model for the evolution of nuclear architecture.}, language = {en} } @article{BaylisKowalskiVoigtetal.2016, author = {Baylis, Alastair M. M. and Kowalski, Gabriele Joanna and Voigt, Christian C. and Orben, Rachael A. and Trillmich, Fritz and Staniland, Iain J. and Hoffman, Joseph I.}, title = {Pup Vibrissae Stable Isotopes Reveal Geographic Differences in Adult Female Southern Sea Lion Habitat Use during Gestation}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS one}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0157394}, pages = {1824 -- 1835}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Individuals within populations often differ substantially in habitat use, the ecological consequences of which can be far reaching. Stable isotope analysis provides a convenient and often cost effective means of indirectly assessing the habitat use of individuals that can yield valuable insights into the spatiotemporal distribution of foraging specialisations within a population. Here we use the stable isotope ratios of southern sea lion (Otaria flavescens) pup vibrissae at the Falkland Islands, in the South Atlantic, as a proxy for adult female habitat use during gestation. A previous study found that adult females from one breeding colony (Big Shag Island) foraged in two discrete habitats, inshore (coastal) or offshore (outer Patagonian Shelf). However, as this species breeds at over 70 sites around the Falkland Islands, it is unclear if this pattern is representative of the Falkland Islands as a whole. In order to characterize habitat use, we therefore assayed carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) ratios from 65 southern sea lion pup vibrissae, sampled across 19 breeding colonies at the Falkland Islands. Model-based clustering of pup isotope ratios identified three distinct clusters, representing adult females that foraged inshore, offshore, and a cluster best described as intermediate. A significant difference was found in the use of inshore and offshore habitats between West and East Falkland and between the two colonies with the largest sample sizes, both of which are located in East Falkland. However, habitat use was unrelated to the proximity of breeding colonies to the Patagonian Shelf, a region associated with enhanced biological productivity. Our study thus points towards other factors, such as local oceanography and its influence on resource distribution, playing a prominent role in inshore and offshore habitat use.}, language = {en} } @article{BeenkenSaingeKocyan2016, author = {Beenken, Ludwig and Sainge, Moses N. and Kocyan, Alexander}, title = {Lactarius megalopterus, a new angiocarpous species from a tropical rainforest in Central Africa, shows adaptations to endozoochorous spore dispersal}, series = {Mycological progress : international journal of the German Mycological Society}, volume = {15}, journal = {Mycological progress : international journal of the German Mycological Society}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1617-416X}, doi = {10.1007/s11557-016-1198-4}, pages = {158 -- 173}, year = {2016}, abstract = {A new sequestrate Lactarius species was found in a humid evergreen tropical rainforest dominated by Fabaceae of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae in Cameroon, Central Africa. It is described here as new to science and is named Lactarius megalopterus, referring to its spore ornamentation of extraordinarily high wings. Anatomical characters and molecular systematic analyses confirm its relationship to Lactarius subgenus Plinthogali. Phylogenetic analyses based on two nuclear DNA regions revealed its close relationship to Lactarius angiocarpus, which is also an angiocarpous species from Zambia in Africa. Molecular studies have shown that tuber-like, sequestrate sporocarps evolved independently in several lineages of Basidiomycota. The findings of sequestrate fungi in tropical rainforests raise questions regarding the evolutionary benefit of enclosing the spore-producing hymenium. The enclosure of spore-producing tissue has often been associated with the protection of the delicate hymenium against desiccation in arid habitats or against frost in cold habitats. However, these cannot be the selective factors in warm and humid areas like the tropics. This controversy is exemplarily studied and discussed in the family of Russulaceae, especially in the genus Lactarius. Characters shown by the angiocarpous sporocarp of the new Lactarius, such as thick-walled statismospores, an aromatic smell and mild taste, can be interpreted as adaptations to endozoochorous spore dispersal by mammals. Therefore, here we prefer the alternative hypothesis that sequestrate sporocarps are the result of adaptation to endozoochorous spore dispersal.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{BeineGolovchuk2016, author = {Beine-Golovchuk, Olga}, title = {Characterization and functional complementation of the arabidopsis ribosomal Reil1 - 1Reil2-1 double mutant}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {106}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Beltran2016, author = {Beltran, Juan Camilo Moreno}, title = {Characterization of the Clp protease complex and identification of putative substrates in N. tabacum}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @article{BergmannVerbruggenHeinzeetal.2016, author = {Bergmann, Joana and Verbruggen, Erik and Heinze, Johannes and Xiang, Dan and Chen, Baodong and Joshi, Jasmin Radha and Rillig, Matthias C.}, title = {The interplay between soil structure, roots, and microbiota as a determinant of plant-soil feedback}, series = {Ecology and evolution}, volume = {6}, journal = {Ecology and evolution}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2045-7758}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.2456}, pages = {7633 -- 7644}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Plant-soil feedback (PSF) can influence plant community structure via changes in the soil microbiome. However, how these feedbacks depend on the soil environment remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that disintegrating a naturally aggregated soil may influence the outcome of PSF by affecting microbial communities. Furthermore, we expected plants to differentially interact with soil structure and the microbial communities due to varying root morphology. We carried out a feedback experiment with nine plant species (five forbs and four grasses) where the training phase consisted of aggregated versus disintegrated soil. In the feedback phase, a uniform soil was inoculated in a fully factorial design with soil washings from conspecific- versus heterospecific-trained soil that had been either disintegrated or aggregated. This way, the effects of prior soil structure on plant performance in terms of biomass production and allocation were examined. In the training phase, soil structure did not affect plant biomass. But on disintegrated soil, plants with lower specific root length (SRL) allocated more biomass aboveground. PSF in the feedback phase was negative overall. With training on disintegrated soil, conspecific feedback was positively correlated with SRL and significantly differed between grasses and forbs. Plants with higher SRL were likely able to easily explore the disintegrated soil with smaller pores, while plants with lower SRL invested in belowground biomass for soil exploration and seemed to be more susceptible to fungal pathogens. This suggests that plants with low SRL could be more limited by PSF on disintegrated soils of early successional stages. This study is the first to examine the influence of soil structure on PSF. Our results suggest that soil structure determines the outcome of PSF mediated by SRL. We recommend to further explore the effects of soil structure and propose to include root performance when working with PSF.}, language = {en} }