@misc{BenlianWienerCrametal.2022, author = {Benlian, Alexander and Wiener, Martin and Cram, W. Alec and Krasnova, Hanna and Maedche, Alexander and Mohlmann, Mareike and Recker, Jan and Remus, Ulrich}, title = {Algorithmic management}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {6}, issn = {2363-7005}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-60711}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-607112}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @misc{Wegmann2022, author = {Wegmann, Simone}, title = {Policy-making power of opposition players}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {1}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56651}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-566516}, pages = {27}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The organisation of legislative chambers and the consequences of parliamentary procedures have been among the most prominent research questions in legislative studies. Even though democratic elections not only lead to the formation of a government but also result in an opposition, the literature has mostly neglected oppositions and their role in legislative chambers. This paper proposes to fill this gap by looking at the legislative organisation from the perspective of opposition players. The paper focuses on the potential influence of opposition players in the policy-making process and presents data on more than 50 legislative chambers. The paper shows considerable variance of the formal power granted to opposition players. Furthermore, the degree of institutionalisation of opposition rights is connected to electoral systems and not necessarily correlated with other institutional characteristics such as regime type or the size of legislative chambers.}, language = {en} } @misc{deHaasPaha2020, author = {de Haas, Samuel and Paha, Johannes}, title = {Non-controlling minority shareholdings and collusion}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {3}, issn = {0889-938X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59599}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-595993}, pages = {26}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This article merges theoretical literature on non-controlling minority shareholdings (NCMS) in a coherent model to study the effects of NCMS on competition and collusion. The model encompasses both the case of a common owner holding shares of rival firms as well as the case of cross ownership among rivals. We find that by softening competition, NCMS weaken the sustainability of collusion under a greater variety of situations than was indicated by earlier literature. Such effects exist, in particular, in the presence of an effective competition authority.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Panzer2024, author = {Panzer, Marcel}, title = {Design of a hyper-heuristics based control framework for modular production systems}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63300}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-633006}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vi, 334}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Volatile supply and sales markets, coupled with increasing product individualization and complex production processes, present significant challenges for manufacturing companies. These must navigate and adapt to ever-shifting external and internal factors while ensuring robustness against process variabilities and unforeseen events. This has a pronounced impact on production control, which serves as the operational intersection between production planning and the shop- floor resources, and necessitates the capability to manage intricate process interdependencies effectively. Considering the increasing dynamics and product diversification, alongside the need to maintain constant production performances, the implementation of innovative control strategies becomes crucial. In recent years, the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies and machine learning methods has gained prominence in addressing emerging challenges in production applications. Within this context, this cumulative thesis analyzes deep learning based production systems based on five publications. Particular attention is paid to the applications of deep reinforcement learning, aiming to explore its potential in dynamic control contexts. Analysis reveal that deep reinforcement learning excels in various applications, especially in dynamic production control tasks. Its efficacy can be attributed to its interactive learning and real-time operational model. However, despite its evident utility, there are notable structural, organizational, and algorithmic gaps in the prevailing research. A predominant portion of deep reinforcement learning based approaches is limited to specific job shop scenarios and often overlooks the potential synergies in combined resources. Furthermore, it highlights the rare implementation of multi-agent systems and semi-heterarchical systems in practical settings. A notable gap remains in the integration of deep reinforcement learning into a hyper-heuristic. To bridge these research gaps, this thesis introduces a deep reinforcement learning based hyper- heuristic for the control of modular production systems, developed in accordance with the design science research methodology. Implemented within a semi-heterarchical multi-agent framework, this approach achieves a threefold reduction in control and optimisation complexity while ensuring high scalability, adaptability, and robustness of the system. In comparative benchmarks, this control methodology outperforms rule-based heuristics, reducing throughput times and tardiness, and effectively incorporates customer and order-centric metrics. The control artifact facilitates a rapid scenario generation, motivating for further research efforts and bridging the gap to real-world applications. The overarching goal is to foster a synergy between theoretical insights and practical solutions, thereby enriching scientific discourse and addressing current industrial challenges.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Koehler2024, author = {K{\"o}hler, Wolfgang}, title = {Challenges of efficient and compliant data processing}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62784}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-627843}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {195}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung ver{\"a}ndert die Gesellschaft und hat weitreichende Auswirkungen auf Menschen und Unternehmen. Grundlegend f{\"u}r diese Ver{\"a}nderungen sind die neuen technologischen M{\"o}glichkeiten, Daten in immer gr{\"o}ßerem Umfang und f{\"u}r vielf{\"a}ltige neue Zwecke zu verarbeiten. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist dabei die Verf{\"u}gbarkeit großer und qualitativ hochwertiger Datens{\"a}tze, insbesondere auf Basis personenbezogener Daten. Sie werden entweder zur Verbesserung der Produktivit{\"a}t, Qualit{\"a}t und Individualit{\"a}t von Produkten und Dienstleistungen oder gar zur Entwicklung neuartiger Dienstleistungen verwendet. Heute wird das Nutzerverhalten, trotz weltweit steigender gesetzlicher Anforderungen an den Schutz personenbezogener Daten, aktiver und umfassender verfolgt als je zuvor. Dies wirft vermehrt ethische, moralische und gesellschaftliche Fragen auf, die nicht zuletzt durch popul{\"a}re F{\"a}lle des Datenmissbrauchs in den Vordergrund der politischen Debatte ger{\"u}ckt sind. Angesichts dieses Diskurses und der gesetzlichen Anforderungen muss heutiges Datenmanagement drei Bedingungen erf{\"u}llen: Erstens die Legalit{\"a}t bzw. Gesetzeskonformit{\"a}t der Nutzung, zweitens die ethische Legitimit{\"a}t. Drittens sollte die Datennutzung aus betriebswirtschaftlicher Sicht wertsch{\"o}pfend sein. Im Rahmen dieser Bedingungen verfolgt die vorliegende kumulative Dissertation vier Forschungsziele mit dem Fokus, ein besseres Verst{\"a}ndnis (1) der Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung von Gesetzen zum Schutz von Privatsph{\"a}re, (2) der Faktoren, die die Bereitschaft der Kunden zur Weitergabe pers{\"o}nlicher Daten beeinflussen, (3) der Rolle des Datenschutzes f{\"u}r das digitale Unternehmertum und (4) der interdisziplin{\"a}ren wissenschaftlichen Bedeutung, deren Entwicklung und Zusammenh{\"a}nge zu erlangen.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Haase2023, author = {Haase, Jennifer}, title = {Creative intensive processes}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59388}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-593886}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xiii, 346}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Creativity - developing something new and useful - is a constant challenge in the working world. Work processes, services, or products must be sensibly adapted to changing times. To be able to analyze and, if necessary, adapt creativity in work processes, a precise understanding of these creative activities is necessary. Process modeling techniques are often used to capture business processes, represent them graphically and analyze them for adaptation possibilities. This has been very limited for creative work. An accurate understanding of creative work is subject to the challenge that, on the one hand, it is usually very complex and iterative. On the other hand, it is at least partially unpredictable as new things emerge. How can the complexity of creative business processes be adequately addressed and simultaneously manageable? This dissertation attempts to answer this question by first developing a precise process understanding of creative work. In an interdisciplinary approach, the literature on the process description of creativity-intensive work is analyzed from the perspective of psychology, organizational studies, and business informatics. In addition, a digital ethnographic study in the context of software development is used to analyze creative work. A model is developed based on which four elementary process components can be analyzed: Intention of the creative activity, Creation to develop the new, Evaluation to assess its meaningfulness, and Planning of the activities arising in the process - in short, the ICEP model. These four process elements are then translated into the Knockledge Modeling Description Language (KMDL), which was developed to capture and represent knowledge-intensive business processes. The modeling extension based on the ICEP model enables creative business processes to be identified and specified without the need for extensive modeling of all process details. The modeling extension proposed here was developed using ethnographic data and then applied to other organizational process contexts. The modeling method was applied to other business contexts and evaluated by external parties as part of two expert studies. The developed ICEP model provides an analytical framework for complex creative work processes. It can be comprehensively integrated into process models by transforming it into a modeling method, thus expanding the understanding of existing creative work in as-is process analyses.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Boeken2022, author = {B{\"o}ken, Bj{\"o}rn}, title = {Improving prediction accuracy using dynamic information}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58512}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-585125}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xii, 160}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Accurately solving classification problems nowadays is likely to be the most relevant machine learning task. Binary classification separating two classes only is algorithmically simpler but has fewer potential applications as many real-world problems are multi-class. On the reverse, separating only a subset of classes simplifies the classification task. Even though existing multi-class machine learning algorithms are very flexible regarding the number of classes, they assume that the target set Y is fixed and cannot be restricted once the training is finished. On the other hand, existing state-of-the-art production environments are becoming increasingly interconnected with the advance of Industry 4.0 and related technologies such that additional information can simplify the respective classification problems. In light of this, the main aim of this thesis is to introduce dynamic classification that generalizes multi-class classification such that the target class set can be restricted arbitrarily to a non-empty class subset M of Y at any time between two consecutive predictions. This task is solved by a combination of two algorithmic approaches. First, classifier calibration, which transforms predictions into posterior probability estimates that are intended to be well calibrated. The analysis provided focuses on monotonic calibration and in particular corrects wrong statements that appeared in the literature. It also reveals that bin-based evaluation metrics, which became popular in recent years, are unjustified and should not be used at all. Next, the validity of Platt scaling, which is the most relevant parametric calibration approach, is analyzed in depth. In particular, its optimality for classifier predictions distributed according to four different families of probability distributions as well its equivalence with Beta calibration up to a sigmoidal preprocessing are proven. For non-monotonic calibration, extended variants on kernel density estimation and the ensemble method EKDE are introduced. Finally, the calibration techniques are evaluated using a simulation study with complete information as well as on a selection of 46 real-world data sets. Building on this, classifier calibration is applied as part of decomposition-based classification that aims to reduce multi-class problems to simpler (usually binary) prediction tasks. For the involved fusing step performed at prediction time, a new approach based on evidence theory is presented that uses classifier calibration to model mass functions. This allows the analysis of decomposition-based classification against a strictly formal background and to prove closed-form equations for the overall combinations. Furthermore, the same formalism leads to a consistent integration of dynamic class information, yielding a theoretically justified and computationally tractable dynamic classification model. The insights gained from this modeling are combined with pairwise coupling, which is one of the most relevant reduction-based classification approaches, such that all individual predictions are combined with a weight. This not only generalizes existing works on pairwise coupling but also enables the integration of dynamic class information. Lastly, a thorough empirical study is performed that compares all newly introduced approaches to existing state-of-the-art techniques. For this, evaluation metrics for dynamic classification are introduced that depend on corresponding sampling strategies. Thereafter, these are applied during a three-part evaluation. First, support vector machines and random forests are applied on 26 data sets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. Second, two state-of-the-art deep neural networks are evaluated on five benchmark data sets from a relatively recent reference work. Here, computationally feasible strategies to apply the presented algorithms in combination with large-scale models are particularly relevant because a naive application is computationally intractable. Finally, reference data from a real-world process allowing the inclusion of dynamic class information are collected and evaluated. The results show that in combination with support vector machines and random forests, pairwise coupling approaches yield the best results, while in combination with deep neural networks, differences between the different approaches are mostly small to negligible. Most importantly, all results empirically confirm that dynamic classification succeeds in improving the respective prediction accuracies. Therefore, it is crucial to pass dynamic class information in respective applications, which requires an appropriate digital infrastructure.}, language = {en} } @misc{UllrichVladovaEigelshovenetal.2022, author = {Ullrich, Andr{\´e} and Vladova, Gergana and Eigelshoven, Felix and Renz, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Data mining of scientific research on artificial intelligence in teaching and administration in higher education institutions}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {160}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58907}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589077}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Teaching and learning as well as administrative processes are still experiencing intensive changes with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and its diverse application opportunities in the context of higher education. Therewith, the scientific interest in the topic in general, but also specific focal points rose as well. However, there is no structured overview on AI in teaching and administration processes in higher education institutions that allows to identify major research topics and trends, and concretizing peculiarities and develops recommendations for further action. To overcome this gap, this study seeks to systematize the current scientific discourse on AI in teaching and administration in higher education institutions. This study identified an (1) imbalance in research on AI in educational and administrative contexts, (2) an imbalance in disciplines and lack of interdisciplinary research, (3) inequalities in cross-national research activities, as well as (4) neglected research topics and paths. In this way, a comparative analysis between AI usage in administration and teaching and learning processes, a systematization of the state of research, an identification of research gaps as well as further research path on AI in higher education institutions are contributed to research.}, language = {en} } @misc{RitterbuschTeichmann2023, author = {Ritterbusch, Georg David and Teichmann, Malte Rolf}, title = {Defining the metaverse}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {159}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58879}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-588799}, pages = {12368 -- 12377}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The term Metaverse is emerging as a result of the late push by multinational technology conglomerates and a recent surge of interest in Web 3.0, Blockchain, NFT, and Cryptocurrencies. From a scientific point of view, there is no definite consensus on what the Metaverse will be like. This paper collects, analyzes, and synthesizes scientific definitions and the accompanying major characteristics of the Metaverse using the methodology of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Two revised definitions for the Metaverse are presented, both condensing the key attributes, where the first one is rather simplistic holistic describing "a three-dimensional online environment in which users represented by avatars interact with each other in virtual spaces decoupled from the real physical world". In contrast, the second definition is specified in a more detailed manner in the paper and further discussed. These comprehensive definitions offer specialized and general scholars an application within and beyond the scientific context of the system science, information system science, computer science, and business informatics, by also introducing open research challenges. Furthermore, an outlook on the social, economic, and technical implications is given, and the preconditions that are necessary for a successful implementation are discussed.}, language = {en} } @misc{DragičevićVladovaUllrich2023, author = {Dragičević, Nikolina and Vladova, Gergana and Ullrich, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Design thinking capabilities in the digital world}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {158}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58846}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-588468}, pages = {18}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Recent research suggests that design thinking practices may foster the development of needed capabilities in new digitalised landscapes. However, existing publications represent individual contributions, and we lack a holistic understanding of the value of design thinking in a digital world. No review, to date, has offered a holistic retrospection of this research. In response, in this bibliometric review, we aim to shed light on the intellectual structure of multidisciplinary design thinking literature related to capabilities relevant to the digital world in higher education and business settings, highlight current trends and suggest further studies to advance theoretical and empirical underpinnings. Our study addresses this aim using bibliometric methods—bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis as they are particularly suitable for identifying current trends and future research priorities at the forefront of the research. Overall, bibliometric analyses of the publications dealing with the related topics published in the last 10 years (extracted from the Web of Science database) expose six trends and two possible future research developments highlighting the expanding scope of the design thinking scientific field related to capabilities required for the (more sustainable and human-centric) digital world. Relatedly, design thinking becomes a relevant approach to be included in higher education curricula and human resources training to prepare students and workers for the changing work demands. This paper is well-suited for education and business practitioners seeking to embed design thinking capabilities in their curricula and for design thinking and other scholars wanting to understand the field and possible directions for future research.}, language = {en} } @misc{HaaseHanel, author = {Haase, Jennifer and Hanel, Paul H. P.}, title = {Priming creativity: Doing math reduces creativity and happiness whereas playing short online games enhance them}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {154}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58590}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-585909}, pages = {14}, abstract = {Creative thinking is an indispensable cognitive skill that is becoming increasingly important. In the present research, we tested the impact of games on creativity and emotions in a between-subject online experiment with four conditions (N = 658). (1) participants played a simple puzzle game that allowed many solutions (priming divergent thinking); (2) participants played a short game that required one fitting solution (priming convergent thinking); (3) participants performed mental arithmetic; (4) passive control condition. Results show that divergent and convergent creativity were higher after playing games and lower after mental arithmetic. Positive emotions did not function as a mediator, even though they were also heightened after playing the games and lower after mental arithmetic. However, contrary to previous research, we found no direct effect of emotions, creative self-efficacy, and growth- vs. fixed on creative performance. We discuss practical implications for digital learning and application settings.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Dannenmann2023, author = {Dannenmann, Barbara}, title = {K{\"o}nnen technologiegest{\"u}tzte Verhandlungstrainings unter Einsatz von K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz und Virtueller Realit{\"a}t das Vertriebstraining verbessern?}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57737}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-577378}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {245}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Digitale und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen fordern kontinuierliche Weiterbildung f{\"u}r Mitarbeiter im Vertrieb. Es halten sich in dieser Berufssparte aber immer noch einige Mythen zum Training von Vertriebsmitarbeitern. Unter anderem deshalb wurde in der Vergangenheit der Trainingsbedarf im Vertrieb stark vernachl{\"a}ssigt. Die Arbeit befasst sich deshalb zun{\"a}chst mit der Frage, wie der Vertrieb in Deutschland aktuell geschult wird (unter Einbezug der Corona-Pandemie) und ob sich aus den Trainingsgewohnheiten erste Hinweise zur Erlangung eines strategischen Wettbewerbsvorteils ergeben k{\"o}nnten. Dabei greift die Arbeit auf, dass Investitionen in das Training von Vertriebsmitarbeitern eine Anlage in die Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit des Unternehmens sein k{\"o}nnten. Automatisierte Trainings, beispielsweise basierend auf Virtual Reality (VR) und K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz (KI), k{\"o}nnten in der Aus- und Weiterbildung des Vertriebs einen effizienten Beitrag in der Sicherstellung eines strategischen Wettbewerbsvorteils leisten. Durch weitere Forschungsfragen befasst sich die Arbeit anschließend damit, wie ein automatisiertes Vertriebstraining mit KI- und VR-Inhalten unter Einbeziehung der Nutzer gestaltet werden muss, um Vertriebsmitarbeiter in einem daf{\"u}r ausgew{\"a}hlten Verhandlungskontext zu trainieren. Dazu wird eine Anwendung mit Hilfe von Virtual Reality und K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz in einem Verhandlungsdialog entwickelt, getestet und evaluiert. Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert eine Basis f{\"u}r die Automatisierung von Vertriebstrainings und im erweiterten Sinne f{\"u}r Trainings im Allgemeinen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Gandhi2022, author = {Gandhi, Nilima}, title = {Visionary leadership and job satisfaction}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57269}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-572691}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {154}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Current business organizations want to be more efficient and constantly evolving to find ways to retain talent. It is well established that visionary leadership plays a vital role in organizational success and contributes to a better working environment. This study aims to determine the effect of visionary leadership on employees' perceived job satisfaction. Specifically, it investigates whether the mediators meaningfulness at work and commitment to the leader impact the relationship. I take support from job demand resource theory to explain the overarching model used in this study and broaden-and-build theory to leverage the use of mediators. To test the hypotheses, evidence was collected in a multi-source, time-lagged design field study of 95 leader-follower dyads. The data was collected in a three-wave study, each survey appearing after one month. Data on employee perception of visionary leadership was collected in T1, data for both mediators were collected in T2, and employee perception of job satisfaction was collected in T3. The findings display that meaningfulness at work and commitment to the leader play positive intervening roles (in the form of a chain) in the indirect influence of visionary leadership on employee perceptions regarding job satisfaction. This research offers contributions to literature and theory by first broadening the existing knowledge on the effects of visionary leadership on employees. Second, it contributes to the literature on constructs meaningfulness at work, commitment to the leader, and job satisfaction. Third, it sheds light on the mediation mechanism dealing with study variables in line with the proposed model. Fourth, it integrates two theories, job demand resource theory and broaden-and-build theory providing further evidence. Additionally, the study provides practical implications for business leaders and HR practitioners. Overall, my study discusses the potential of visionary leadership behavior to elevate employee outcomes. The study aligns with previous research and answers several calls for further research on visionary leadership, job satisfaction, and mediation mechanism with meaningfulness at work and commitment to the leader.}, language = {en} } @misc{NeumannTiberiusBiendarra2022, author = {Neumann, Daniel and Tiberius, Victor and Biendarra, Florin}, title = {Adopting wearables to customize health insurance contributions: a ranking-type Delphi}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {153}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56672}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-566723}, pages = {7}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Wearables, as small portable computer systems worn on the body, can track user fitness and health data, which can be used to customize health insurance contributions individually. In particular, insured individuals with a healthy lifestyle can receive a reduction of their contributions to be paid. However, this potential is hardly used in practice. Objective This study aims to identify which barrier factors impede the usage of wearables for assessing individual risk scores for health insurances, despite its technological feasibility, and to rank these barriers according to their relevance. Methods To reach these goals, we conduct a ranking-type Delphi study with the following three stages. First, we collected possible barrier factors from a panel of 16 experts and consolidated them to a list of 11 barrier categories. Second, the panel was asked to rank them regarding their relevance. Third, to enhance the panel consensus, the ranking was revealed to the experts, who were then asked to re-rank the barriers. Results The results suggest that regulation is the most important barrier. Other relevant barriers are false or inaccurate measurements and application errors caused by the users. Additionally, insurers could lack the required technological competence to use the wearable data appropriately. Conclusion A wider use of wearables and health apps could be achieved through regulatory modifications, especially regarding privacy issues. Even after assuring stricter regulations, users' privacy concerns could partly remain, if the data exchange between wearables manufacturers, health app providers, and health insurers does not become more transparent.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Brinkmann2022, author = {Brinkmann, Maik}, title = {Towards a joint public service delivery? The effects of blockchain on the relationship of public administrations with external stakeholders}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56449}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-564499}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {X, 126, CCLXVIII}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Public administrations confront fundamental challenges, including globalization, digitalization, and an eroding level of trust from society. By developing joint public service delivery with other stakeholders, public administrations can respond to these challenges. This increases the importance of inter-organizational governance—a development often referred to as New Public Governance, which to date has not been realized because public administrations focus on intra-organizational practices and follow the traditional "governmental chain." E-government initiatives, which can lead to high levels of interconnected public services, are currently perceived as insufficient to meet this goal. They are not designed holistically and merely affect the interactions of public and non-public stakeholders. A fundamental shift toward a joint public service delivery would require scrutiny of established processes, roles, and interactions between stakeholders. Various scientists and practitioners within the public sector assume that the use of blockchain institutional technology could fundamentally change the relationship between public and non-public stakeholders. At first glance, inter-organizational, joint public service delivery could benefit from the use of blockchain. This dissertation aims to shed light on this widespread assumption. Hence, the objective of this dissertation is to substantiate the effect of blockchain on the relationship between public administrations and non-public stakeholders. This objective is pursued by defining three major areas of interest. First, this dissertation strives to answer the question of whether or not blockchain is suited to enable New Public Governance and to identify instances where blockchain may not be the proper solution. The second area aims to understand empirically the status quo of existing blockchain implementations in the public sector and whether they comply with the major theoretical conclusions. The third area investigates the changing role of public administrations, as the blockchain ecosystem can significantly increase the number of stakeholders. Corresponding research is conducted to provide insights into these areas, for example, combining theoretical concepts with empirical actualities, conducting interviews with subject matter experts and key stakeholders of leading blockchain implementations, and performing a comprehensive stakeholder analysis, followed by visualization of its results. The results of this dissertation demonstrate that blockchain can support New Public Governance in many ways while having a minor impact on certain aspects (e.g., decentralized control), which account for this public service paradigm. Furthermore, the existing projects indicate changes to relationships between public administrations and non-public stakeholders, although not necessarily the fundamental shift proposed by New Public Governance. Lastly, the results suggest that power relations are shifting, including the decreasing influence of public administrations within the blockchain ecosystem. The results raise questions about the governance models and regulations required to support mature solutions and the further diffusion of blockchain for public service delivery.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Beel2022, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Beel, Leon}, title = {Teilen von Wissen im Offboarding in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung Deutschlands}, issn = {2190-4561}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56210}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-562108}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {IV, 44}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht, inwiefern extrapersonale Einflussfaktoren das Verhalten der Wissensteilung im Offboarding in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung Deutschlands beeinflussen. Hier besteht eine Forschungsl{\"u}cke, die es insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund einer nahenden Pensionierungswelle und der daraus resultierenden Gefahr eines massiven Wissensverlusts zu schließen gilt. Zu diesem Zweck werden unterschiedliche Analyseebenen verkn{\"u}pft, Einflussfaktoren aus der Literatur herausgearbeitet und in die Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens eingebunden. Anschließend werden Hypothesen formuliert, wie extrapersonale Einflussfaktoren, die sich aus der Verwaltung als organisationalen Kontext und dem Prozess des Offboarding ergeben, das Verhalten der Wissensteilung f{\"o}rdern oder hemmen. Die Testung der Hypothesen erfolgt durch die Erhebung und Auswertung qualitativer Interviewdaten. Daraus resultierende Erkenntnisse verdeutlichen, dass die anstehende Pensionierungswelle in der deutschen Verwaltung eine st{\"a}rkere Ausrichtung des organisationalen Wissensmanagements auf den Prozess des Offboarding und dessen Gestaltung erfordert, um Wissensverluste zu reduzieren.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Koenig2022, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {K{\"o}nig, Alexander}, title = {Change-Prozesse in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung - Der Einfluss von direkten Vorgesetzten auf die Einstellung von Mitarbeitenden}, issn = {2190-4561}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56571}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565713}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {IV, 35}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die {\"o}ffentliche Verwaltung wird in den n{\"a}chsten Jahrzehnten große Reformen durchlaufen m{\"u}ssen. Ein wichtiger Einflussfaktor f{\"u}r das Gelingen von geplanten organisatorischen Ver{\"a}nderungen ist auch im Verwaltungskontext die Einstellung von Mitarbeiter*innen gegen{\"u}ber diesem Wandel. Hier existieren gerade bei Mitarbeiter*innen ohne F{\"u}hrungsverantwortlichkeit h{\"a}ufig negative Einstellungen gegen{\"u}ber Ver{\"a}nderungen. Dies wird auch mit dem hohen Stress in diesen Situationen in Verbindung gebracht. Besonders direkte F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte sind hier eine wichtige Einflussgr{\"o}ße auf die Einstellungen. Die folgende Bachelorarbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich dementsprechend mit diesen Einfluss und konzentriert sich dabei auf den Effekt der sozialen Unterst{\"u}tzung dieser F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte auf die Einstellung der Mitarbeiter*innen, da soziale Unterst{\"u}tzung einen nachgewiesenen mildernden Effekt auf den wahrgenommenen Stress besitzt. Soziale Unterst{\"u}tzung wird nach der Social-Support-Theorie in die dort identifizierten vier Unter-arten differenziert, namentlich Appraisal, Emotional, Informational und Instrumental Support. Im Rahmen einer Literaturanalyse konnte f{\"u}r zwei der vier Supportarten (Emotional, Informational) ein Einfluss nachgewiesen werden. Auch f{\"u}r die anderen Supportarten bestehen Hinweise auf einen positiven Effekt. Dies weist darauf hin, dass direkte F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte w{\"a}hrend Reformen der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung als Quellen der Unterst{\"u}tzung fungieren und mittels dieser die Einstellung der Mitarbeiter*innen gegen{\"u}ber Wandel positiv beeinflussen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus k{\"o}nnen die Unterschiede der Ergebnisse nach Supportart darauf hinweisen, dass situationsspezifisch ver-schiedene Unterst{\"u}tzung mehr oder weniger relevant ist. F{\"u}r F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte in diesem Kontext verweisen die Ergebnisse der Arbeit darauf, dass der unterst{\"u}tzende Kontakt mit direkt Untergebenen in Phasen des Wandels wichtig und die Anforderungen breiter als die reine Anweisung dieser Untergebenen sind.}, language = {de} } @misc{OrlandPadubrin2022, author = {Orland, Andreas and Padubrin, Max}, title = {Is there a gender hiring gap in academic economics? Evidence from a network analysis}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, volume = {9}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, edition = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55884}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-558844}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We collect a network dataset of tenured economics faculty in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. We rank the 100 institutions included with a minimum violation ranking. This ranking is positively and significantly correlated with the Times Higher Education ranking of economics institutions. According to the network ranking, individuals on average go down about 23 ranks from their doctoral institution to their employing institution. While the share of females in our dataset is only 15\%, we do not observe a significant gender hiring gap (a difference in rank changes between male and female faculty). We conduct a robustness check with the Handelsblatt and the Times Higher Education ranking. According to these rankings, individuals on average go down only about two ranks. We do not observe a significant gender hiring gap using these two rankings (although the dataset underlying this analysis is small and these estimates are likely to be noisy). Finally, we discuss the limitations of the network ranking in our context.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Brenner2022, author = {Brenner, Andri Caspar}, title = {Sustainable urban growth}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55522}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-555223}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {231}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This dissertation explores the determinants for sustainable and socially optimalgrowth in a city. Two general equilibrium models establish the base for this evaluation, each adding its puzzle piece to the urban sustainability discourse and examining the role of non-market-based and market-based policies for balanced growth and welfare improvements in different theory settings. Sustainable urban growth either calls for policy actions or a green energy transition. Further, R\&D market failures can pose severe challenges to the sustainability of urban growth and the social optimality of decentralized allocation decisions. Still, a careful (holistic) combination of policy instruments can achieve sustainable growth and even be first best.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schumacher2022, author = {Schumacher, Jochen}, title = {Entwicklung eines Industrie 4.0 Reifegradindex f{\"u}r produzierende Unternehmen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-55464}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-554642}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VI, 275}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines Industrie 4.0 Reifegradindex f{\"u}r produzierende Unternehmen (KMU und Mittelstand) mit diskreter Produktion. Die Motivation zu dieser Arbeit entstand aus dem Z{\"o}gern vieler Unternehmen - insbesondere KMU und Mittelstand - bei der Transformation in Richtung Industrie 4.0. Im Rahmen einer Marktstudie konnte belegt werden, dass 86 Prozent der befragten produzierenden Unternehmen kein f{\"u}r ihr Unternehmen geeignetes Industrie 4.0 Reifegradmodell gefunden haben, mit dem sie ihren Status Quo bewerten und Maßnahmen f{\"u}r einen h{\"o}heren Grad der Reife ableiten k{\"o}nnten. Die Bewertung bestehender Reifegradmodelle zeigte Defizite hinsichtlich der Industrie 4.0 Abdeckung, der Betrachtung der sozio-technischen Dimensionen Mensch, Technik und Organisation sowie der Betrachtung von Management und Unternehmenskultur. Basierend auf den aktuellen Industrie 4.0 Technologien und Handlungsbereichen wurde ein neues, modular aufgebautes Industrie 4.0 Reifegradmodell entwickelt, das auf einer ganzheitlichen Betrachtung aller sozio-technischen Dimensionen Mensch, Technik und Organisation sowie deren Schnittstellen basiert. Das Modell ermittelt neben dem Overall Industry 4.0 Maturity Index (OI4MI) vier weitere Indizes zur Bewertung der Industrie 4.0 Reife des Unternehmens. Das Modell wurde bei einem Unternehmen validiert und steht nun als Template f{\"u}r darauf aufbauende Forschungsarbeiten zur Verf{\"u}gung.}, language = {de} }