@article{BryantDaviesSoletal.2022,
  author    = {Bryant, Seth and Davies, Evan and Sol, David and Davis, Sandy},
  title     = {The progression of flood risk in southern Alberta since the 2013 flood},
  series = {Journal of flood risk management},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Journal of flood risk management},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1753-318X},
  doi       = {10.1111/jfr3.12811},
  pages     = {18},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {After a century of semi-restricted floodplain development, Southern Alberta, Canada, was struck by the devastating 2013 Flood. Aging infrastructure and limited property-level floodproofing likely contributed to the \$4-6 billion (CAD) losses. Following this catastrophe, Alberta has seen a revival in flood management, largely focused on structural protections. However, concurrent with the recent structural work was a 100,000+ increase in Calgary's population in the 5 years following the flood, leading to further densification of high-hazard areas. This study implements the novel Stochastic Object-based Flood damage Dynamic Assessment (SOFDA) model framework to quantify the progression of the direct-damage flood risk in a mature urban neighborhood after the 2013 Flood. Five years of remote-sensing data, property assessment records, and inundation simulations following the flood are used to construct the model. Results show that in these 5 years, vulnerability trends (like densification) have increased flood risk by 4\%; however, recent structural mitigation projects have reduced overall flood risk by 47\% for this case study. These results demonstrate that the flood management revival in Southern Alberta has largely been successful at reducing flood risk; however, the gains are under threat from continued development and densification absent additional floodproofing regulations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SairamSchroeterLuedtkeetal.2019,
  author    = {Sairam, Nivedita and Schr{\"o}ter, Kai and L{\"u}dtke, Stefan and Merz, Bruno and Kreibich, Heidi},
  title     = {Quantifying Flood Vulnerability Reduction via Private Precaution},
  series = {Earth future},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Earth future},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2328-4277},
  doi       = {10.1029/2018EF000994},
  pages     = {235 -- 249},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Private precaution is an important component in contemporary flood risk management and climate adaptation. However, quantitative knowledge about vulnerability reduction via private precautionary measures is scarce and their effects are hardly considered in loss modeling and risk assessments. However, this is a prerequisite to enable temporally dynamic flood damage and risk modeling, and thus the evaluation of risk management and adaptation strategies. To quantify the average reduction in vulnerability of residential buildings via private precaution empirical vulnerability data (n = 948) is used. Households with and without precautionary measures undertaken before the flood event are classified into treatment and nontreatment groups and matched. Postmatching regression is used to quantify the treatment effect. Additionally, we test state-of-the-art flood loss models regarding their capability to capture this difference in vulnerability. The estimated average treatment effect of implementing private precaution is between 11 and 15 thousand EUR per household, confirming the significant effectiveness of private precautionary measures in reducing flood vulnerability. From all tested flood loss models, the expert Bayesian network-based model BN-FLEMOps and the rule-based loss model FLEMOps perform best in capturing the difference in vulnerability due to private precaution. Thus, the use of such loss models is suggested for flood risk assessments to effectively support evaluations and decision making for adaptable flood risk management.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{FabianBaumannEhlertetal.2017,
  author    = {Fabian, Benjamin and Baumann, Annika and Ehlert, Mathias and Ververis, Vasilis and Ermakova, Tatiana},
  title     = {CORIA - Analyzing internet connectivity risks using network graphs},
  series = {2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)},
  journal   = {2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address   = {Piscataway},
  isbn      = {978-1-4673-8999-0},
  issn      = {1550-3607},
  doi       = {10.1109/ICC.2017.7996828},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The Internet can be considered as the most important infrastructure for modern society and businesses. A loss of Internet connectivity has strong negative financial impacts for businesses and economies. Therefore, assessing Internet connectivity, in particular beyond their own premises and area of direct control, is of growing importance in the face of potential failures, accidents, and malicious attacks. This paper presents CORIA, a software framework for an easy analysis of connectivity risks based on large network graphs. It provides researchers, risk analysts, network managers and security consultants with a tool to assess an organization's connectivity and paths options through the Internet backbone, including a user-friendly and insightful visual representation of results. CORIA is flexibly extensible in terms of novel data sets, graph metrics, and risk scores that enable further use cases. The performance of CORIA is evaluated by several experiments on the Internet graph and further randomly generated networks.},
  language  = {en}
}