@article{BrandWolffHoyer2013, author = {Brand, Ralf and Wolff, Wanja and Hoyer, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Psychological Symptoms and Chronic Mood in Representative Samples of Elite Student-Athletes, Deselected Student-Athletes and Comparison Students}, series = {School mental health : a multidisciplinary research and practice journal}, volume = {5}, journal = {School mental health : a multidisciplinary research and practice journal}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {1866-2625}, doi = {10.1007/s12310-012-9095-8}, pages = {166 -- 174}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Stress-levels experienced by school-aged elite athletes are pronounced, but data on their mental health status are widely lacking. In our study, we examined self-reported psychological symptoms and chronic mood. Data from a representative sample of 866 elite student-athletes (aged 12-15 years), enrolled in high-performance sport programming in German Elite Schools of Sport, were compared with data from 80 student-athletes from the same schools who have just been deselected from elite sport promotion, and from 432 age-and sex-matched non-sport students from regular schools (without such programming). Anxiety symptoms were least prevalent in female elite student-athletes. In male elite student-athletes, only symptoms of posttraumatic stress were less prevalent than in the other groups. Somatoform symptoms were generally more frequent in athletes, a trend that was significantly pronounced in deselected athletes. Deselected athletes showed an increased risk for psychological symptoms compared with both other groups. Regarding chronic mood, again deselected athletes showed less positive scores. While there was a trend toward high-performance sport being associated with better psychological health at least in girls, preventative programs should take into account that deselection from elite sport programming may be associated with specific risks for mental disorders.}, language = {en} } @article{Muschalla2018, author = {Muschalla, Beate}, title = {A concept of psychological work capacity demands}, series = {Work : a journal of prevention, assessment \& rehabilitation}, volume = {59}, journal = {Work : a journal of prevention, assessment \& rehabilitation}, number = {3}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1051-9815}, doi = {10.3233/WOR-182691}, pages = {375 -- 386}, year = {2018}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Work capacity demands are a concept to describe which psychological capacities are required in a job. Assessing psychological work capacity demands is of specific importance when mental health problems at work endanger work ability. Exploring psychological work capacity demands is the basis for mental hazard analysis or rehabilitative action, e.g. in terms of work adjustment. OBJECTIVE: This is the first study investigating psychological work capacity demands in rehabilitation patients with and without mental disorders. METHODS: A structured interview on psychological work capacity demands (Mini-ICF-Work; Muschalla, 2015; Linden et al., 2015) was done with 166 rehabilitation patients of working age. All interviews were done by a state-licensed socio-medically trained psychotherapist. Inter-rater-reliability was assessed by determining agreement in independent co-rating in 65 interviews. For discriminant validity purposes, participants filled in the Short Questionnaire for Work Analysis (KFZA, Prumper et al., 1994). RESULTS: In different professional fields, different psychological work capacity demands were of importance. The Mini-ICF-Work capacity dimensions reflect different aspects than the KFZA. Patients with mental disorders were longer on sick leave and had worse work ability prognosis than patients without mental disorders, although both groups reported similar work capacity demands. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological work demands - which are highly relevant for work ability prognosis and work adjustment processes - can be explored and differentiated in terms of psychological capacity demands.}, language = {en} } @article{Muschalla2014, author = {Muschalla, Beate}, title = {Capacity-oriented behavior therapy in mental disorders}, series = {Verhaltenstherapie}, volume = {24}, journal = {Verhaltenstherapie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1016-6262}, doi = {10.1159/000358737}, pages = {48 -- 55}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Capacity-Oriented Behavior Therapy in Mental Disorders Mental disorders come along with the impairment of activities and capacities of daily live. Behavior therapy often uses capacity trainings for improving compensatory behavior, beside symptom reduction as such. This article gives an overview on how behavior therapy techniques can be used to improve compensatory behavior in different capacity domains that were conceptually derived from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and which are often impaired in mental disorders.}, language = {de} } @article{Muschalla2016, author = {Muschalla, Beate}, title = {Different work capacity impairments in patients with different work-anxieties}, series = {International archives of occupational and environmental health}, volume = {89}, journal = {International archives of occupational and environmental health}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0340-0131}, doi = {10.1007/s00420-015-1099-x}, pages = {609 -- 619}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Purpose Persons with work-anxieties are especially endangered for work capacity impairment and sick leave. Work capacity impairment is not directly due to symptoms but due to illness-related capacity disorders. Work capacity impairments can be described on different dimensions (e.g., social interaction, decision making and judgment, endurance, mobility). Understanding the type of work capacity impairment is important for reintegration interventions. This is the first study to investigate work capacity impairment in risk patients with different work-anxieties. Results Patients with different work-anxieties were impaired in different capacity dimensions: Work-related social anxiety went along with clinically relevant impairment in capacity of assertiveness (M = 2.40), anxiety of insufficiency went along with impaired capacity of endurance (M = 2.20), and work-related generalized worrying was accompanied by impairment in the capacity for decision making (M = 1.82). Specific capacity impairment dimensions were related to sick leave duration, while a global work ability prognosis was not. Conclusions The capacity approach is useful to describe work impairment more precisely and beyond symptoms. On this basis, reintegration-focusing interventions such as capacity training (e.g., social interaction training) or work adjustment (e.g., reducing exposure with interactional work tasks) can be initiated.}, language = {en} } @article{Muschalla2016, author = {Muschalla, Beate}, title = {Negative work perception not changed in a short work-anxiety-coping group therapy intervention}, series = {International journal of occupational and environmental health}, volume = {22}, journal = {International journal of occupational and environmental health}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1077-3525}, doi = {10.1080/10773525.2016.1238663}, pages = {321 -- 324}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Background: Work anxiety is often associated with long-term sick leave and requires early intervention. Work anxieties are associated with negative work perception. Therefore, one aim in early intervention is a cognitive reframing of dysfunctional perceptions of workplace characteristics. Methods: A psychotherapeutic specialist conducted two group programs of four sessions each. One hundred twenty-three rehabilitation in-patients with work anxieties were randomly assigned either to a work anxiety-coping group or to a recreational group. The Short Questionnaire for Work Analysis (KFZA) was administered before and after the group treatment to measure perceptions of working conditions. Results: Participants from the work anxiety-coping group did not see their work in a significantly more positive light at the end of the intervention compared to participants from the recreational group. Conclusions: A short work anxiety-coping group did not initiate a consistent positive re-appraisal of work. Employers and occupational physicians should not expect positive changes of work perception when an employee returns from short medical rehabilitation including work-directed treatment. Additional support from the workplace must be considered, e.g. employer-physician-employee conversation preceding return to work, or (temporary) work adjustment.}, language = {en} } @article{PetzoldBischoffRogolletal.2017, author = {Petzold, Moritz B. and Bischoff, Sophie and Rogoll, Janina and Plag, Jens and Teran, Christina and Brand, Ralf and Str{\"o}hle, Andreas}, title = {Physical activity in outpatients with mental disorders: status, measurement and social cognitive determinants of health behavior change}, series = {European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience : official organ of the German Society for Biological Psychiatry}, volume = {267}, journal = {European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience : official organ of the German Society for Biological Psychiatry}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {0940-1334}, doi = {10.1007/s00406-017-0772-3}, pages = {639 -- 650}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Physical activity (PA) can play an important role in improving the mental and physical health in patients with mental disorders but is not well studied in this population. The aim of this study was to assess the status of PA in outpatients with mental disorders, compare the convergence of self-rating and accelerometer measurement and examine the influence of social cognitive variables from the Motivation-Volition (MoVo) model and clinical measures on PA. Eighty-four patients were recruited from three psychiatric outpatient clinics and local psychiatrists (Distribution of ICD-10-Diagnoses: F3.x = 59.5\%, F4.x = 20.2\%, F2.x = 17.9\%, F1.x = 2.4\%). PA, Self-efficacy, Outcome-expectancies, Intention, Self-concordance, Action- and Coping-planning, Health-related Quality of Life (SF-12) and Psychiatric Symptoms (SCL-27) were assessed through questionnaires. PA was assessed objectively by accelerometers. Most of the participants did not reach PA recommendations. Subjective and objective measurement of PA showed good accordance for total PA on group level but lower accordance on individual level. Motivational and volitional determinants of health behavior change showed a similar pattern of correlations with PA as in populations without mental disorders. Outpatients with mental disorders have the ability and are willing to perform PA but a large proportion of our sample did not meet PA recommendations. To assess group levels of PA, subjective and objective measurement seem equally apt, for individual diagnostics, a combination of both should be considered. Social cognitive determinants of health behavior change seem to be as helpful for the design of PA interventions for patients with mental disorders as they are in other populations.}, language = {en} }