@article{Aarseth2011, author = {Aarseth, Espen}, title = {Define real, Moron!}, series = {DIGAREC Series}, journal = {DIGAREC Series}, number = {6}, issn = {1867-6219}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49810}, pages = {50 -- 69}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Academic language should not be a ghetto dialect at odds with ordinary language, but rather an extension that is compatible with lay-language. To define 'game' with the unrealistic ambition of satisfying both lay-people and experts should not be a major concern for a game ontology, since the field it addresses is subject to cultural evolution and diachronic change. Instead of the impossible mission of turning the common word into an analytic concept, a useful task for an ontology of games is to model game differences, to show how the things we call games can be different from each other in a number of different ways.}, language = {en} } @book{AarsethManovichMaeyraeetal.2011, author = {Aarseth, Espen and Manovich, Lev and M{\"a}yr{\"a}, Frans and Salen, Katie and Wolf, Mark J. P.}, title = {DIGAREC Keynote-Lectures 2009/10}, editor = {G{\"u}nzel, Stephan and Liebe, Michael and Mersch, Dieter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-115-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49780}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {159}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The sixth volume of the DIGAREC Series holds the contributions to the DIGAREC Keynote-Lectures given at the University of Potsdam in the winter semester 2009/10. With contributions by Mark J.P. Wolf (Concordia University Wisconsin), Espen Aarseth (Center for Computer Games Research, IT University of Copenhagen), Katie Salen (Parsons New School of Design, New York), Laura Ermi and Frans M{\"a}yr{\"a} (University of Tampere), and Lev Manovich (University of Southern California, San Diego).}, language = {de} } @misc{AbbasVranicHoffmannetal.2019, author = {Abbas, Ioana M. and Vranic, Marija and Hoffmann, Holger and El-Khatib, Ahmed H. and Montes-Bay{\´o}n, Mar{\´i}a and M{\"o}ller, Heiko Michael and Weller, Michael G.}, title = {Investigations of the Copper Peptide Hepcidin-25 by LC-MS/MS and NMR⁺}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {701}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42792}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427926}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Hepcidin-25 was identified as themain iron regulator in the human body, and it by binds to the sole iron-exporter ferroportin. Studies showed that the N-terminus of hepcidin is responsible for this interaction, the same N-terminus that encompasses a small copper(II) binding site known as the ATCUN (amino-terminal Cu(II)- and Ni(II)-binding) motif. Interestingly, this copper-binding property is largely ignored in most papers dealing with hepcidin-25. In this context, detailed investigations of the complex formed between hepcidin-25 and copper could reveal insight into its biological role. The present work focuses on metal-bound hepcidin-25 that can be considered the biologically active form. The first part is devoted to the reversed-phase chromatographic separation of copper-bound and copper-free hepcidin-25 achieved by applying basic mobile phases containing 0.1\% ammonia. Further, mass spectrometry (tandemmass spectrometry (MS/MS), high-resolutionmass spectrometry (HRMS)) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed to characterize the copper-peptide. Lastly, a three-dimensional (3D)model of hepcidin-25with bound copper(II) is presented. The identification of metal complexes and potential isoforms and isomers, from which the latter usually are left undetected by mass spectrometry, led to the conclusion that complementary analytical methods are needed to characterize a peptide calibrant or referencematerial comprehensively. Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR), inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), ion-mobility spectrometry (IMS) and chiral amino acid analysis (AAA) should be considered among others.}, language = {en} } @misc{AbboubBollAvetisyanBhataraetal.2016, author = {Abboub, Nawal and Boll-Avetisyan, Natalie and Bhatara, Anjali and H{\"o}hle, Barbara and Nazzi, Thierry}, title = {An exploration of rhythmic grouping of speech sequences by french- and german-learning infants}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {427}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407201}, pages = {12}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Rhythm in music and speech can be characterized by a constellation of several acoustic cues. Individually, these cues have different effects on rhythmic perception: sequences of sounds alternating in duration are perceived as short-long pairs (weak-strong/iambicpattern), whereas sequences of sounds alternating in intensity or pitch are perceived as loud-soft, or high-low pairs (strong-weak/trochaic pattern). This perceptual bias-called the lambic-Trochaic Law (ITL) has been claimed to be an universal property of the auditory system applying in both the music and the language domains. Recent studies have shown that language experience can modulate the effects of the ITL on rhythmic perception of both speech and non-speech sequences in adults, and of non-speech sequences in 7.5-month-old infants. The goal of the present study was to explore whether language experience also modulates infants' grouping of speech. To do so, we presented sequences of syllables to monolingual French- and German-learning 7.5-month-olds. Using the Headturn Preference Procedure (HPP), we examined whether they were able to perceive a rhythmic structure in sequences of syllables that alternated in duration, pitch, or intensity. Our findings show that both French- and German-learning infants perceived a rhythmic structure when it was cued by duration or pitch but not intensity. Our findings also show differences in how these infants use duration and pitch cues to group syllable sequences, suggesting that pitch cues were the easier ones to use. Moreover, performance did not differ across languages, failing to reveal early language effects on rhythmic perception. These results contribute to our understanding of the origin of rhythmic perception and perceptual mechanisms shared across music and speech, which may bootstrap language acquisition.}, language = {en} } @misc{AbdallaAdamAharonianetal.2020, author = {Abdalla, Hassan E. and Adam, Remi and Aharonian, Felix A. and Benkhali, Faical Ait and Ang{\"u}ner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan and Arakawa, Masanori and Arcaro, C and Armand, Catherine and Armstrong, T. and Egberts, Kathrin}, title = {Very high energy γ-ray emission from two blazars of unknown redshift and upper limits on their distance}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {4}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-52600}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-526000}, pages = {15}, year = {2020}, abstract = {We report on the detection of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from the BL Lac objects KUV 00311-1938 and PKS 1440-389 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). H.E.S.S. observations were accompanied or preceded by multiwavelength observations with Fermi/LAT, XRT and UVOT onboard the Swift satellite, and ATOM. Based on an extrapolation of the Fermi/LAT spectrum towards the VHE gamma-ray regime, we deduce a 95 per cent confidence level upper limit on the unknown redshift of KUV 00311-1938 of z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 of z < 0.53. When combined with previous spectroscopy results, the redshift of KUV 00311-1938 is constrained to 0.51 <= z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 to 0.14 (sic) z < 0.53.}, language = {en} } @book{AbdelRahmanAbrahamAheretal.2010, author = {Abdel Rahman, Rasha and Abraham, Andreas and Aher, Martin and Albrecht, Jessica and Albrecht, Sven and Alexejenko, Sascha and Amunts, Katrin and Andermann, Martin and Anders, Silke and Andonova, Elena and Angele, Bernhard and Angerer, Benjamin and Anil, Beena and Ansorge, Ulrich and Antons, Jan-Niklas and Auksztulewicz, Ryszard}, title = {Proceedings of KogWis 2010 : 10th Biannual Meeting of the German Society for Cognitive Science}, editor = {Haack, Johannes and Wiese, Heike and Abraham, Andreas and Chiarcos, Christian}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-087-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-46055}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {268}, year = {2010}, abstract = {As the latest biannual meeting of the German Society for Cognitive Science (Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Kognitionswissenschaft, GK), KogWis 2010 at Potsdam University reflects the current trends in a fascinating domain of research concerned with human and artificial cognition and the interaction of mind and brain. The Plenary talks provide a venue for questions of the numerical capacities and human arithmetic (Brian Butterworth), of the theoretical development of cognitive architectures and intelligent virtual agents (Pat Langley), of categorizations induced by linguistic constructions (Claudia Maienborn), and of a cross-level account of the "Self as a complex system" (Paul Thagard). KogWis 2010 integrates a wealth of experimental research, cognitive modelling, and conceptual analysis in 5 invited symposia, over 150 individual talks, 6 symposia, and more than 40 poster contributions. Some of the invited symposia reflect local and regional strenghts of research in the Berlin-Brandenburg area: the two largests research fields of the university Cognitive Sciences Area of Excellence in Potsdam are represented by an invited symposium on "Information Structure" by the Special Research Area 632 ("Sonderforschungsbereich", SFB) of the same name, of Potsdam University and Humboldt-University Berlin, and by a satellite conference of the research group "Mind and Brain Dynamics". The Berlin School of Mind and Brain at Humboldt-University Berlin takes part with an invited symposium on "Decision Making" from a perspective of cognitive neuroscience and philosophy and the DFG Cluster of Excellence "Languages of Emotion" of Free University presents interdisciplinary research results in an invited symposium on "Symbolising Emotions".}, language = {en} } @misc{AbdelShafi2013, author = {Abdel Shafi, Salah}, title = {Historischer November in Pal{\"a}stina : Zwei-Staaten-L{\"o}sung versus dauerhafte Besatzung durch Israel}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-64236}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Der November 2012 wird sicherlich als ein historischer Monat in die pal{\"a}stinensische Geschichte eingehen. Im November begann die israelische Armee mit der gezielten T{\"o}tung eines hohen Funktion{\"a}rs der Hamas einen Luftkrieg gegen den Gazastreifen. Nach acht Tagen wurde Israel durch internationalen Druck gezwungen, einen Waffenstillstand mit der Hamas zu akzeptieren. Einmal mehr zeigte sich, dass der Nahostkonflikt nicht mit milit{\"a}rischer Gewalt zu l{\"o}sen ist. Dies kann nur mit einer Zwei-Staaten-L{\"o}sung erreicht werden, der substanzielle und ehrliche Verhandlungen vorausgehen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Abdelfadil2013, author = {Abdelfadil, Khaled Mohamed}, title = {Geochemistry of Variscan lamprophyre magmatism in the Saxo-Thuringian Zone}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68854}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Lamprophyres are mantle-derived magmatic rocks, commonly occurring as dikes. They are readily identified from their field setting, petrography, chemical and mineralogical composition. These rocks not only provide important information on melting processes in the mantle, but also on geodynamic processes modifying the mantle. There are numerous occurrences of lamprophyres in the Saxo-Thuringian Zone of Variscan Central Europe, which are useful to track the variable effects of the Variscan orogeny on local mantle evolution. This work presents and evaluates the mineralogical, geochemical, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data of late-Variscan calc-alkaline lamprophyres, post-Variscan ultramafic lamprophyres, of alkaline basalt from Lusatia, and, for comparison, of pre-Variscan gabbros. In addition, lithium isotopic signatures combined with Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data of late-Variscan calc-alkaline lamprophyres from three different Variscan Domains (i.e., Erzgebirge, Lusatia, and Sudetes) are used to assess compositional changes of the mantle during Variscan orogeny.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{AbdelwahabHusseinAbdelwahabElsayed2019, author = {Abdelwahab Hussein Abdelwahab Elsayed, Ahmed}, title = {Probabilistic, deep, and metric learning for biometric identification from eye movements}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-46798}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-467980}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {vi, 65}, year = {2019}, abstract = {A central insight from psychological studies on human eye movements is that eye movement patterns are highly individually characteristic. They can, therefore, be used as a biometric feature, that is, subjects can be identified based on their eye movements. This thesis introduces new machine learning methods to identify subjects based on their eye movements while viewing arbitrary content. The thesis focuses on probabilistic modeling of the problem, which has yielded the best results in the most recent literature. The thesis studies the problem in three phases by proposing a purely probabilistic, probabilistic deep learning, and probabilistic deep metric learning approach. In the first phase, the thesis studies models that rely on psychological concepts about eye movements. Recent literature illustrates that individual-specific distributions of gaze patterns can be used to accurately identify individuals. In these studies, models were based on a simple parametric family of distributions. Such simple parametric models can be robustly estimated from sparse data, but have limited flexibility to capture the differences between individuals. Therefore, this thesis proposes a semiparametric model of gaze patterns that is flexible yet robust for individual identification. These patterns can be understood as domain knowledge derived from psychological literature. Fixations and saccades are examples of simple gaze patterns. The proposed semiparametric densities are drawn under a Gaussian process prior centered at a simple parametric distribution. Thus, the model will stay close to the parametric class of densities if little data is available, but it can also deviate from this class if enough data is available, increasing the flexibility of the model. The proposed method is evaluated on a large-scale dataset, showing significant improvements over the state-of-the-art. Later, the thesis replaces the model based on gaze patterns derived from psychological concepts with a deep neural network that can learn more informative and complex patterns from raw eye movement data. As previous work has shown that the distribution of these patterns across a sequence is informative, a novel statistical aggregation layer called the quantile layer is introduced. It explicitly fits the distribution of deep patterns learned directly from the raw eye movement data. The proposed deep learning approach is end-to-end learnable, such that the deep model learns to extract informative, short local patterns while the quantile layer learns to approximate the distributions of these patterns. Quantile layers are a generic approach that can converge to standard pooling layers or have a more detailed description of the features being pooled, depending on the problem. The proposed model is evaluated in a large-scale study using the eye movements of subjects viewing arbitrary visual input. The model improves upon the standard pooling layers and other statistical aggregation layers proposed in the literature. It also improves upon the state-of-the-art eye movement biometrics by a wide margin. Finally, for the model to identify any subject — not just the set of subjects it is trained on — a metric learning approach is developed. Metric learning learns a distance function over instances. The metric learning model maps the instances into a metric space, where sequences of the same individual are close, and sequences of different individuals are further apart. This thesis introduces a deep metric learning approach with distributional embeddings. The approach represents sequences as a set of continuous distributions in a metric space; to achieve this, a new loss function based on Wasserstein distances is introduced. The proposed method is evaluated on multiple domains besides eye movement biometrics. This approach outperforms the state of the art in deep metric learning in several domains while also outperforming the state of the art in eye movement biometrics.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AbdennadherIsmailKhoury2010, author = {Abdennadher, Slim and Ismail, Haythem and Khoury, Frederick}, title = {Transforming imperative algorithms to constraint handling rules}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41533}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Different properties of programs, implemented in Constraint Handling Rules (CHR), have already been investigated. Proving these properties in CHR is fairly simpler than proving them in any type of imperative programming language, which triggered the proposal of a methodology to map imperative programs into equivalent CHR. The equivalence of both programs implies that if a property is satisfied for one, then it is satisfied for the other. The mapping methodology could be put to other beneficial uses. One such use is the automatic generation of global constraints, at an attempt to demonstrate the benefits of having a rule-based implementation for constraint solvers.}, language = {en} } @misc{Abdollahyan2004, author = {Abdollahyan, Hamid}, title = {The generations gap in contemporary Iran}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-47167}, year = {2004}, abstract = {This paper offers a new theoretical framework for studying the problem of generations and social change in contemporary Iran. It offers a model which is called „articulation of cultural modes". The paper agrees with Ronald Inglehart that 'culture' is now playing a more dominant role in the social formation of current societies, as 'technology' once did in the modern era. But it goes one step further by arguing that culture cannot be approached as a holistic concept building on a comprehensive theoretical framework.}, language = {en} } @book{AbdolvandJalilvandEskafi2012, author = {Abdolvand, Behrooz and Jalilvand, David Ramin and Eskafi, Fardin}, title = {Iran versus USA : Geburtswehen einer neuen Weltordnung ; eine geopolitische Analyse}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-202-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60323}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {44}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Das Paper untersucht die geopolitische Konfrontation zwischen Iran und den USA sowie deren Auswirkung auf eine Ver{\"a}nderung der bestehenden Weltordnung. Es wird deutlich, dass die US-amerikanische Sanktionspolitik nicht nur auf das Nuklearprogramm abzielt, sondern grunds{\"a}tzlich versucht, die Wirtschaftskraft der unabh{\"a}ngig von den Interessen der USA agierenden Regionalmacht zu brechen. Doch die Sanktionspolitik konnte weder eine L{\"o}sung des Nukleardossiers herbeif{\"u}hren noch die Wirtschaftskraft Irans eind{\"a}mmen. Es ist Zeit f{\"u}r eine fundamentale Kurs{\"a}nderung.}, language = {de} } @book{AbdolvandLiesener2009, author = {Abdolvand, Behrooz and Liesener, Michael}, title = {Was treibt den {\"O}lpreis?}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-940793-86-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-29725}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {44}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Der Roh{\"o}lpreis wird {\"u}ber Angebot und Nachfrage reguliert - so jedenfalls die landl{\"a}ufige Auffassung. Die Autoren, beide ausgewiesene Energieexperten, zeigen jedoch auf, dass sich die drastischen Preisschwankungen auf den Energiem{\"a}rkten nicht allein durch Marktmechanismen erkl{\"a}ren lassen. Stattdessen f{\"u}hren sie den volatilen {\"O}lpreis auf politische (Fehl-) Entscheidungen zur{\"u}ck und empfehlen einen Energiedialog zwischen Verbrauchern und Produzenten.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Abed2010, author = {Abed, Jamil}, title = {An iterative approach to operators on manifolds with singularities}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-44757}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2010}, abstract = {We establish elements of a new approach to ellipticity and parametrices within operator algebras on manifolds with higher singularities, only based on some general axiomatic requirements on parameter-dependent operators in suitable scales of spaes. The idea is to model an iterative process with new generations of parameter-dependent operator theories, together with new scales of spaces that satisfy analogous requirements as the original ones, now on a corresponding higher level. The "full" calculus involves two separate theories, one near the tip of the corner and another one at the conical exit to infinity. However, concerning the conical exit to infinity, we establish here a new concrete calculus of edge-degenerate operators which can be iterated to higher singularities.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{AbedSchulze2008, author = {Abed, Jamil and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang}, title = {Operators with corner-degenerate symbols}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-30299}, year = {2008}, abstract = {We establish elements of a new approch to ellipticity and parametrices within operator algebras on a manifold with higher singularities, only based on some general axiomatic requirements on parameter-dependent operators in suitable scales of spaces. The idea is to model an iterative process with new generations of parameter-dependent operator theories, together with new scales of spaces that satisfy analogous requirements as the original ones, now on a corresponding higher level. The "full" calculus is voluminous; so we content ourselves here with some typical aspects such as symbols in terms of order reducing families, classes of relevant examples, and operators near the conical exit to infinity.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{AbedSchulze2009, author = {Abed, Jamil and Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang}, title = {Edge-degenerate families of ΨDO's on an infinite cylinder}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-30365}, year = {2009}, abstract = {We establish a parameter-dependent pseudo-differential calculus on an infinite cylinder, regarded as a manifold with conical exits to infinity. The parameters are involved in edge-degenerate form, and we formulate the operators in terms of operator-valued amplitude functions.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Abedjan2014, author = {Abedjan, Ziawasch}, title = {Improving RDF data with data mining}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71334}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Linked Open Data (LOD) comprises very many and often large public data sets and knowledge bases. Those datasets are mostly presented in the RDF triple structure of subject, predicate, and object, where each triple represents a statement or fact. Unfortunately, the heterogeneity of available open data requires significant integration steps before it can be used in applications. Meta information, such as ontological definitions and exact range definitions of predicates, are desirable and ideally provided by an ontology. However in the context of LOD, ontologies are often incomplete or simply not available. Thus, it is useful to automatically generate meta information, such as ontological dependencies, range definitions, and topical classifications. Association rule mining, which was originally applied for sales analysis on transactional databases, is a promising and novel technique to explore such data. We designed an adaptation of this technique for min-ing Rdf data and introduce the concept of "mining configurations", which allows us to mine RDF data sets in various ways. Different configurations enable us to identify schema and value dependencies that in combination result in interesting use cases. To this end, we present rule-based approaches for auto-completion, data enrichment, ontology improvement, and query relaxation. Auto-completion remedies the problem of inconsistent ontology usage, providing an editing user with a sorted list of commonly used predicates. A combination of different configurations step extends this approach to create completely new facts for a knowledge base. We present two approaches for fact generation, a user-based approach where a user selects the entity to be amended with new facts and a data-driven approach where an algorithm discovers entities that have to be amended with missing facts. As knowledge bases constantly grow and evolve, another approach to improve the usage of RDF data is to improve existing ontologies. Here, we present an association rule based approach to reconcile ontology and data. Interlacing different mining configurations, we infer an algorithm to discover synonymously used predicates. Those predicates can be used to expand query results and to support users during query formulation. We provide a wide range of experiments on real world datasets for each use case. The experiments and evaluations show the added value of association rule mining for the integration and usability of RDF data and confirm the appropriateness of our mining configuration methodology.}, language = {en} } @book{AbedjanNaumann2011, author = {Abedjan, Ziawasch and Naumann, Felix}, title = {Advancing the discovery of unique column combinations}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-148-6}, issn = {1613-5652}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53564}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {25}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Unique column combinations of a relational database table are sets of columns that contain only unique values. Discovering such combinations is a fundamental research problem and has many different data management and knowledge discovery applications. Existing discovery algorithms are either brute force or have a high memory load and can thus be applied only to small datasets or samples. In this paper, the wellknown GORDIAN algorithm and "Apriori-based" algorithms are compared and analyzed for further optimization. We greatly improve the Apriori algorithms through efficient candidate generation and statistics-based pruning methods. A hybrid solution HCAGORDIAN combines the advantages of GORDIAN and our new algorithm HCA, and it significantly outperforms all previous work in many situations.}, language = {en} } @book{AbelBerknerBiemeretal.2009, author = {Abel, Thomas and Berkner, Christian and Biemer, Anna-Lena and Entz, Pamela and Hundt, Manuel and Kiener, Kerstin and Kiselgof, Natalia and K{\"o}hler, Anne and K{\"u}gler, Nancy and Lehmann, Anja and Liu, Na and Maier, Lilli and M{\"o}llmann, Nicole and Popig, Katharina and Reyes Tinoco, Bettina and Schmeißer, Alfred and Schr{\"o}ter, Katrin and Sturm, S{\"o}ren and Weichenhan, Marcel}, title = {Neuseeland 2007 : Bericht zur Exkursion des Instituts f{\"u}r Geographie der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, editor = {Berkner, Christian and Hundt, Manuel and Heller, Wilfried}, isbn = {978-3-940793-90-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32533}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Im Februar und M{\"a}rz 2007 wurde vom Geographischen Institut der Universit{\"a}t eine Exkursion nach Neuseeland durchgef{\"u}hrt. Der hier vorliegende Bericht bezieht sich auf diese Exkursion. Im ersten Teil wird durch 17 Protokolle der Exkursionsverlauf wiedergegeben. Im zweiten Teil befassen sich sechs Texte n{\"a}her mit je einem thematischen Aspekt der Exkursion. Autoren der Protokolle und der thematischen Texte sind die Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer der Exkursion. Zum ersten Teil des Berichts - der Exkursionsverlauf Im ersten Teil dieses Berichtes wird der Verlauf der Exkursion Neuseeland 2007 des Geographischen Instituts der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam durch Tagesprotokolle dargestellt. Die Exkursion begann am 14. Februar 2007 in Auckland und endete am 4. M{\"a}rz 2007 in Christchurch. W{\"a}hrend dieser 19 Tage wurden verschiedene Orte auf der neuseel{\"a}ndischen Nord- und S{\"u}dinsel aufgesucht, wobei die Exkursionsgruppe verschiedene Aspekte der neuseel{\"a}ndischen Gesellschaft aus einer humangeographischen Perspektive studierte. Im Mittelpunkt standen die Themen historische und j{\"u}ngere Migration nach Neuseeland, Maori, Milchwirtschaft, Holzwirtschaft und Tourismus in Neuseeland. Die Tagesprotokolle machen deutlich, dass die Exkursion weniger in einer thematisch-systematischen Art und Weise durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde. Statt dessen erfolgte das Aufsuchen exemplarischer Orte, an denen Beobachtungen und dar{\"u}ber hinausgehende Erkundungen stattfanden. Die entsprechenden Aussagen sind in den Protokollen wiedergegeben, schwerpunktm{\"a}ßig wird dabei folgendes angesprochen: Der erste Exkursionstag, das war der 14. Februar 2007, wurde f{\"u}r den Besuch des Geographischen Institutes der Auckland University genutzt. Dort wurde zum Beispiel eine Diskussionsrunde mit den beiden Humangeographen Richard Le Heron und Gordon Winder veranstaltet. Auch die folgenden zwei Tage verbrachten die Exkursionsgruppe in Auckland, wobei sie sich im »Auckland Museum« {\"u}ber die neuseel{\"a}ndische Geschichte und insbesondere {\"u}ber die Kultur der Maori informierte. Mit einem Maori-Guide unternahmen die Teilnehmer eine Stadtf{\"u}hrung durch Auckland, wobei ebenfalls das Leben der Maori im Fokus stand. Außerdem besuchten sie eine private Einwanderungsagentur und f{\"u}hrten in Kleingruppen Expertengespr{\"a}che zum Thema »Migration und Integration in Neuseeland« durch. Am 17. Februar erkundeten die Exkursionsteilnehmer drei Orte in der n{\"a}heren Umgebung Aucklands. Zun{\"a}chst begaben sie sich zum Otara Market, einem Wochenmarkt der Pacific Islanders, der immer samstags in Otara abgehalten wird. Anschließend ging es weiter an die westliche K{\"u}ste, wo sie unter F{\"u}hrung einer Rangerin durch den Muriwai-Regionalpark wanderten. Auf der R{\"u}ckfahrt nach Auckland machten sie Halt in Soljan's Winzerei, wo der Betrieb vorgestellt wurde und Wein verkosten werden konnte. Am 18. Februar verließ die Exkursionsgruppe Auckland in Richtung Norden, um zum Ort Puhoi zu gelangen. Dort besch{\"a}ftigten sich die Teilnehmer mit den sogenannten Bohemians, die einst aus B{\"o}hmen nach Neuseeland auswanderten und deren Traditionen dort auch heute noch (zumindest teilweise) gepflegt werden. Am n{\"a}chsten Tag fuhren sie weiter nach Pahia, dem n{\"o}rdlichsten Aufenthaltsort w{\"a}hrend der Exkursion. Auf dem Weg dorthin machten sie einen Umweg {\"u}ber Matakohe, wo das Kauri-Museum und der Tane Mahuta, der gr{\"o}ßte Kauribaum Neuseelands, besichtigt wurden. Am 20. Februar stand vormittags die Besch{\"a}ftigung mit der Geschichte Neuseelands auf dem Tagesplan. Hierf{\"u}r besuchte die Exkursionsgruppe die Waitangi Treaty Grounds. Dort informierten sich die Teilnehmer {\"u}ber den Vertrag von Waitangi und dar{\"u}ber, welche Folgen dieser f{\"u}r das Leben der Maori hatte. Am Nachmittag stand das Thema Tourismus im Mittelpunkt. Die Exkursionsteilnehmer machten sich mit einem Teil des touristischen Angebots vertraut, indem sie eine Bootstour durch die Bay of Islands unternahmen. Am 21. Februar fuhr die Gruppe in die Hamilton-Region, wo sie sich auch die folgenden zwei Tage aufhielt. Auf dem Weg dorthin wurde ein Zwischenstopp in Kawakawa und an den Whangarei Falls eingelegt. In Hamilton war die Exkursionsgruppe Gast im Geographischen Institut der Waikato University und im Waikato Migrant Resource Centre. Außerdem stand das Thema Milchwirtschaft auf dem Programm. Hierf{\"u}r besichtigten die Teilnehmer das Unternehmen AmBreed, welches die Grundlage f{\"u}r die Aufzucht von Hochleistungsmilchk{\"u}hen bereitstellt - n{\"a}mlich das Bullensperma. Außerdem konnten sie sich {\"u}ber die Organisation und Probleme einer Milchfarm informieren. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus gestalteten in der Waikato-Region wohnende Nachfahren der b{\"o}hmischen Einwanderer ein Abendprogramm f{\"u}r die Exkursionsgruppe. Den 24. Februar verbrachten die Teilnehmer im Gebiet von Rotorua. Dort durchkreuzten sie das Thermal Wonderland, in dem heiße Quellen und Geysire sowie die dadurch geschaffenen Oberfl{\"a}chengegebenheiten studiert werden k{\"o}nnen. Die heißen Quellen werden hier auch zur Energiegewinnung herangezogen, wovon sich die Exkursionsteilnehmer bei einer Besichtigung der Geothermal Power Station of Warakei {\"u}berzeugen konnten. Auf der Fahrt zum Tongariro Nationalpark bewunderten sie die Huka Falls und machten Halt am Lake Taupo, dem gr{\"o}ßten See Neuseelands. Im Nationalpark unternahmen sie am 26. Februar eine Wanderung. Tags darauf fuhren sie weiter {\"u}ber Marton nach Wellington, der Hauptstadt Neuseelands. Dort war nachmittags sowie am 28. Februar Gelegenheit, die Stadt zu erkunden, unter anderem auf einer Stadtf{\"u}hrung mit Prof. Bredlich. Daneben erfuhr man bei einem Besuch des neuseel{\"a}ndischen Nationalmuseums Te Papa viel Wissenswertes {\"u}ber Gesellschaft und Geschichte Neuseelands. Am 1. M{\"a}rz {\"u}berquerten sie mit der F{\"a}hre die Cookstraße, um zur S{\"u}dinsel zu gelangen. Den Nachmittag dieses Tages verbrachte die Exkursionsgruppe in Upper Moutere, wo sie sich mit der Einwanderung Deutscher in der Region Nelson befasste Am Tag darauf fuhren die Teilnehmer zur Westk{\"u}ste und besch{\"a}ftigten sich mit den Landschaftsformen der S{\"u}dalpen und der K{\"u}ste sowie mit der Frage, welche wirtschaftliche Rolle diese Region einst spielte und welche sie heute einnimmt. Am 3. M{\"a}rz {\"u}berquerten sie die S{\"u}dalpen {\"u}ber den Athur's Pass und kamen am Nachmittag in Christchurch an. Am n{\"a}chsten Tag erlebten sie eine Besichtigungstour durch die gr{\"o}ßte Stadt der S{\"u}dinsel unter Leitung von Prof. Parson vom Institut f{\"u}r Geographie der Universit{\"a}t von Canterbury. Dabei standen insbesondere Fragen des st{\"a}dtischen Wandels im Mittelpunkt, welcher mit den {\"o}konomischen Reformen seit Ende der 80er Jahre des letzten Jahrhunderts einherging. Damit endete am 4. M{\"a}rz die Exkursion in Christchurch. Zum zweiten Teil des Berichts - die thematischen Texte Neben dem Gewinn eines ersten Eindrucks vor Ort bietet eine Exkursion als Form der Erkundung eines Landes durchaus auch die Gelegenheit, kritisch {\"u}ber gesellschaftliche Vorg{\"a}nge zu reflektieren. {\"U}ber solche Reflexionen geben die Darstellungen im zweiten Teil dieses Exkursionsberichtes Aufschluss. Das Spektrum der in den Texten aufgegriffenen Themen reicht dabei von physisch-geographischen Gegebenheiten, {\"u}ber Land- und Forstwirtschaft, die Maori bis zu bev{\"o}lkerungsgeographischen Fragestellungen zur Migration und Integration in Neuseeland. Dem zu Grunde liegt ein - in der Geographie lange verwurzeltes - holistisches Verst{\"a}ndnis der Disziplin. In den Berichten findet die zentrale Debatte in der Geographie um die Bedeutung und das Zusammenspiel von globalen, regionsunabh{\"a}ngigen und lokalen, regionsspezifischen Faktoren (»Glokalisierung«) an vielen Stellen ihren Ausdruck. Da w{\"a}hrend der Exkursion Einblick in verschiedenste Bereiche des Lebens in Neuseeland gewonnen werden konnten, ist es im thematischen zweiten Teil des Berichts vorrangiges Ziel, einen guten {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber Neuseeland und seine Bev{\"o}lkerung zu geben. Dabei {\"u}berwiegt ein beschreibender Charakter der Texte, gleichzeitig sollen aber auch zentrale Ver{\"a}nderungen und Herausforderungen f{\"u}r die neuseel{\"a}ndische Gesellschaft angesprochen, Erkl{\"a}rungsans{\"a}tze gegeben und L{\"o}sungsstrategien aufgewiesen werden. Im Einzelnen ist der thematische Teil folgendermaßen aufgebaut: Zu Beginn widmet sich Anja Lehmann den Maori und beleuchtet Geschichte, Kultur und heutige Situation der indigenen Bev{\"o}lkerung Neuseelands. Anschließend gehen Katharina Popig und Manuel Hundt in ihrem Text auf die fr{\"u}he europ{\"a}ische Einwanderung nach Neuseeland, insbesondere auf die Rolle der deutschen bzw. b{\"o}hmischen Einwanderer, ein. Im darauf folgenden Text zeigt Manuel Hundt die sich ver{\"a}ndernden Muster in der j{\"u}ngeren Migration auf und beleuchtet Fragen der Integration in Neuseeland, wobei insbesondere auf die Rolle der Pacific Islanders eingegangen wird. Dann folgt der Text von Lilli Maier. Sie besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit Fragen des Tourismus und schildert die Gestalt des Fremdenverkehrs und seine Bedeutung f{\"u}r die neuseel{\"a}ndische Wirtschaft. Natalia Kiselgof gibt einen {\"U}berblick sowohl {\"u}ber physisch-geographische Aspekte und den Naturraum Neuseelands als auch {\"u}ber die Struktur der neuseel{\"a}ndischen Landwirtschaft, bevor S{\"o}ren Sturm die Forstwirtschaft Neuseelands einer kritischen Analyse unterzieht.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Abendroth2019, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Abendroth, Adrian}, title = {Technology addiction scales in the areas of internet, smartphone, video games and social network sites}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43555}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435559}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VII, 52}, year = {2019}, abstract = {As digital media infiltrate an increasingly greater proportion of our lives, concern about the possibility of various forms of technology addictions has emerged. For technology addiction, researchers have developed a variety of self-reported scales in areas such as Internet, smartphones, videogames, social network sites (SNS) or television. However, no uniform criteria or definition exists for technology addiction. Utilized dimensions of technology addiction, to measure specific outcomes, lack a conceptual standard. Therefore, linkages between technology areas dimensions have not been examined in a broader way by the research community, in order to develop a uniform technology addiction scale. In this regard, firstly, a theoretical model was developed in order to extract common technology dimensions. Secondly, a systematic literature review in the areas of Internet, smartphone, video games and SNS was conducted in order to extract the dimensions used. To identify relevant studies, nine databases (GoogleScholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, EmeraldInsight, Wiley, SpringerLink, ACM, iEEE and JSTOR) were searched, producing 4698 results, and 50 studies met the inclusion criteria. Thirdly, the developed theoretical model was utilized in order to determine the dimension in each of the identified scales. Based on analysis of the dimensional distributions, the findings suggest that there are common dimensions across areas of technology such as "compulsive use" and "negative outcomes" but also differences in dimensions across areas such as "social comfort" and "mood regulation", which are more used in the area of SNS. Moreover, new dimensions such as "cognitive absorption" or "utility and function loss" for technology addiction were extracted, which should be considered as these have not yet been researched in a broader way. In addition, no gold standard for the conceptual criteria or definition for technology addiction has been developed yet.}, language = {en} }