@book{Schmidt2021,
  author    = {Schmidt, Max Oliver},
  title     = {Seenotrettung und Kirchenasyl},
  series = {Organisation und Gesellschaft - Forschung},
  journal   = {Organisation und Gesellschaft - Forschung},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-32472-8},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-32473-5},
  pages     = {XI, 415},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der Zugang zu einem Asylverfahren in der EU ist ein umk{\"a}mpftes soziales Gut. Die Studie zeichnet ein komplexes Bild von Ausschließungs- und Usurpationsstrategien im Feld der europ{\"a}ischen und speziell der italienischen und deutschen Asylverwaltung zwischen 2015 und 2018. (Supra-)nationale Verwaltungs- und Vollzugsorganisationen versuchen Fl{\"u}chtende von dem Verwaltungsakt abzuhalten und entwickeln territoriale und administrative Exklusionsstrategien, um Fluchtmobilit{\"a}t und Asyl zu verwehren. Gleichzeitig erk{\"a}mpfen Seenotrettungs- und Kirchenorganisationen den Zugang zum Asylverfahren, indem sie sich mit Fl{\"u}chtenden solidarisieren und diesen eine Partizipation an {\"o}ffentlichen G{\"u}tern und Rechten der Aufnahmegesellschaft erm{\"o}glichen. F{\"u}r Fl{\"u}chtende wird der formale Zugang zu und die tempor{\"a}re Mitgliedschaft in einer Aufnahmegesellschaft in konfliktreichen und inter-organisationalen Entscheidungen ausgehandelt. Die formale Organisation wird zum Ort der Schließungsk{\"a}mpfe, indemsie als Schließungsakteur und zwischengesellschaftliches Schließungssystem formale Interaktionen zwischen Gefl{\"u}chteten und Aufnahmegesellschaft erm{\"o}glicht oder verhindert. Die Synthese von schließungs- und organisationstheoretischen Perspektiven tr{\"a}gt dazu bei, dass gesellschaftliche Ordnungsbildung organisationssoziologisch erkl{\"a}rbar wird.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{PolemitiBaudryKuxhausetal.2021,
  author    = {Polemiti, Elli and Baudry, Julia and Kuxhaus, Olga and J{\"a}ger, Susanne and Bergmann, Manuela and Weikert, Cornelia and Schulze, Matthias B.},
  title     = {BMI and BMI change following incident type 2 diabetes and risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications},
  series = {Diabetologia : journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)},
  volume    = {64},
  journal   = {Diabetologia : journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin ; Heidelberg},
  issn      = {0012-186X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00125-020-05362-7},
  pages     = {814 -- 825},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Aims/hypothesis Studies suggest decreased mortality risk among people who are overweight or obese compared with individuals with normal weight in type 2 diabetes (obesity paradox). However, the relationship between body weight or weight change and microvascular vs macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes remains unresolved. We investigated the association between BMI and BMI change with long-term risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study. Methods We studied participants with incident type 2 diabetes from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, who were free of cancer, cardiovascular disease and microvascular disease at diagnosis (n = 1083). Pre-diagnosis BMI and relative annual change between pre- and post-diagnosis BMI were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted Cox models. Results There were 85 macrovascular (myocardial infarction and stroke) and 347 microvascular events (kidney disease, neuropathy and retinopathy) over a median follow-up of 10.8 years. Median pre-diagnosis BMI was 29.9 kg/m(2) (IQR 27.4-33.2), and the median relative annual BMI change was -0.4\% (IQR -2.1 to 0.9). Higher pre-diagnosis BMI was positively associated with total microvascular complications (multivariable-adjusted HR per 5 kg/m(2) [95\% CI]: 1.21 [1.07, 1.36], kidney disease 1.39 [1.21, 1.60] and neuropathy 1.12 [0.96, 1.31]) but not with macrovascular complications (HR 1.05 [95\% CI 0.81, 1.36]). Analyses according to BMI categories corroborated these findings. Effect modification was not evident by sex, smoking status or age groups. In analyses according to BMI change categories, BMI loss of more than 1\% indicated a decreased risk of total microvascular complications (HR 0.62 [95\% CI 0.47, 0.80]), kidney disease (HR 0.57 [95\% CI 0.40, 0.81]) and neuropathy (HR 0.73 [95\% CI 0.52, 1.03]), compared with participants with a stable BMI; no clear association was observed for macrovascular complications (HR 1.04 [95\% CI 0.62, 1.74]). The associations between BMI gain compared with stable BMI and diabetes-related vascular complications were less apparent. Associations were consistent across strata of sex, age, pre-diagnosis BMI or medication but appeared to be stronger among never-smokers compared with current or former smokers. Conclusions/interpretation Among people with incident type 2 diabetes, pre-diagnosis BMI was positively associated with microvascular complications, while a reduced risk was observed with weight loss when compared with stable weight. The relationships with macrovascular disease were less clear.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RotheZhaoMuelleretal.2021,
  author    = {Rothe, Martin and Zhao, Yuhang and M{\"u}ller, Johannes and Kewes, G{\"u}nter and Koch, Christoph T. and Lu, Yan and Benson, Oliver},
  title     = {Self-assembly of plasmonic nanoantenna-waveguide structures for subdiffractional chiral sensing},
  series = {ACS nano},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {ACS nano},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {1936-0851},
  doi       = {10.1021/acsnano.0c05240},
  pages     = {351 -- 361},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Spin-momentum locking is a peculiar effect in the near-field of guided optical or plasmonic modes. It can be utilized to map the spinning or handedness of electromagnetic fields onto the propagation direction. This motivates a method to probe the circular dichroism of an illuminated chiral object. In this work, we demonstrate local, subdiffraction limited chiral coupling of light and propagating surface plasmon polaritons in a self-assembled system of a gold nanoantenna and a silver nanowire. A thin silica shell around the nanowire provides precise distance control and also serves as a host for fluorescent molecules, which indicate the direction of plasmon propagation. We characterize our nanoantenna-nanowire systems comprehensively through correlated electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dark-field, and fluorescence imaging. Three-dimensional numerical simulations support the experimental findings. Besides our measurement of far-field polarization, we estimate sensing capabilities and derive not only a sensitivity of 1 mdeg for the ellipticity of the light field, but also find 10(3) deg cm(2)/dmol for the circular dichroism of an analyte locally introduced in the hot spot of the antenna-wire system. Thorough modeling of a prototypical design predicts on-chip sensing of chiral analytes. This introduces our system as an ultracompact sensor for chiral response far below the diffraction limit.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SaikinShpritsDrozdovetal.2021,
  author    = {Saikin, Anthony and Shprits, Yuri Y. and Drozdov, Alexander and Landis, Daji August and Zhelavskaya, Irina and Cervantes Villa, Juan Sebastian},
  title     = {Reconstruction of the radiation belts for solar cycles 17-24 (1933-2017)},
  series = {Space weather : the international journal of research and applications},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {Space weather : the international journal of research and applications},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1542-7390},
  doi       = {10.1029/2020SW002524},
  pages     = {24},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We present a reconstruction of the dynamics of the radiation belts from solar cycles 17 to 24 which allows us to study how radiation belt activity has varied between the different solar cycles. The radiation belt simulations are produced using the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB)-3D code. The VERB-3D code simulations incorporate radial, energy, and pitch angle diffusion to reproduce the radiation belts. Our simulations use the historical measurements of Kp (available since solar cycle 17, i.e., 1933) to model the evolution radiation belt dynamics between L* = 1-6.6. A nonlinear auto regressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural network was trained off GOES 15 measurements (January 2011-March 2014) and used to supply the upper boundary condition (L* = 6.6) over the course of solar cycles 17-24 (i.e., 1933-2017). Comparison of the model with long term observations of the Van Allen Probes and CRRES demonstrates that our model, driven by the NARX boundary, can reconstruct the general evolution of the radiation belt fluxes. Solar cycle 24 (January 2008-2017) has been the least active of the considered solar cycles which resulted in unusually low electron fluxes. Our results show that solar cycle 24 should not be used as a representative solar cycle for developing long term environment models. The developed reconstruction of fluxes can be used to develop or improve empirical models of the radiation belts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AstudilloSotomayorJaraMunozMelnicketal.2021,
  author    = {Astudillo-Sotomayor, Luis and Jara Mu{\~n}oz, Julius and Melnick, Daniel and Cort{\´e}s-Aranda, Joaqu{\´i}n and Tassara, Andr{\´e}s and Strecker, Manfred},
  title     = {Fast Holocene slip and localized strain along the Liqui{\~n}e-Ofqui strike-slip fault system, Chile},
  series = {Scientific reports},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Scientific reports},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2045-2322},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-021-85036-5},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In active tectonic settings dominated by strike-slip kinematics, slip partitioning across subparallel faults is a common feature; therefore, assessing the degree of partitioning and strain localization is paramount for seismic hazard assessments. Here, we estimate a slip rate of 18.8 +/- 2.0 mm/year over the past 9.0 +/- 0.1 ka for a single strand of the Liquirie-Ofqui Fault System, which straddles the Main Cordillera in Southern Chile. This Holocene rate accounts for similar to 82\% of the trench-parallel component of oblique plate convergence and is similar to million-year estimates integrated over the entire fault system. Our results imply that strain localizes on a single fault at millennial time scale but over longer time scales strain localization is not sustained. The fast millennial slip rate in the absence of historical Mw> 6.5 earthquakes along the Liquine-Ofqui Fault System implies either a component of aseismic slip or Mw similar to 7 earthquakes involving multi-trace ruptures and > 150-year repeat times. Our results have implications for the understanding of strike-slip fault system dynamics within volcanic arcs and seismic hazard assessments.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Schmidt2021,
  author    = {Schmidt, Max Oliver},
  title     = {Moralische Entscheidungsdilemmata im Milit{\"a}r},
  series = {Organisierte Moral},
  booktitle = {Organisierte Moral},
  editor    = {Armbruster, Andr{\´e} and Besio, Cristina},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-31554-2},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-31555-9_14},
  pages     = {333 -- 366},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Milit{\"a}r und Moral sind scheinbar zwei sich gegenseitig ausschließende Begriffe. Kriegerische Konflikte und die T{\"o}tung von Menschen kommen uns g{\"a}nzlich unmoralisch vor. Wenn {\"u}berhaupt, ist die Kampfmoral (Biehl, Heiko. 2012. Einsatzmotivation und Kampfmoral. In Milit{\"a}rsoziologie - Eine Einf{\"u}hrung. 2., aktualisierte und erg{\"a}nzte Aufl., Hrsg. Nina Leonhard und Ines-Jacqueline Werkner, 447-474. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag f{\"u}r Sozialwissenschaften.) ein g{\"a}ngiges Konzept. Nichtsdestotrotz wird im vorliegenden Beitrag angenommen, dass das Milit{\"a}r moralisch handeln kann. Es wird argumentiert, dass das Milit{\"a}r mit widerspr{\"u}chlichen moralischen und rechtlichen Erwartungshaltungen konfrontiert wird und diese Erwartungen in Entscheidungen {\"u}bersetzt. Dadurch ger{\"a}t das Milit{\"a}r jedoch stetig in moralische Entscheidungsdilemmata. Am Beispiel der Seenotrettung im Mittelmeer zwischen 2015 und 2018 soll exemplarisch gezeigt werden, dass das Milit{\"a}r sowohl eine Situationsmoral und moralische Routinen entwickelt als auch Vermeidungsstrategien verfolgt, die jegliche Moralerwartungen von der Organisation fernhalten. Der Beitrag arbeitet hierbei mit einem Moralbegriff philosophischer Provenienz und zeigt verschiedene analytische Dimensionen auf, die zur Analyse von Moral von Organisationen beitragen k{\"o}nnen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{LopezCominoCescaNiemzetal.2021,
  author    = {L{\´o}pez-Comino, Jos{\´e} {\´A}ngel and Cesca, Simone and Niemz, Peter and Dahm, Torsten and Zang, Arno},
  title     = {Rupture directivity in 3D inferred from acoustic emissions events in a mine-scale hydraulic fracturing experiment},
  series = {Frontiers in Earth Science},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Earth Science},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2296-6463},
  doi       = {10.3389/feart.2021.670757},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Rupture directivity, implying a predominant earthquake rupture propagation direction, is typically inferred upon the identification of 2D azimuthal patterns of seismic observations for weak to large earthquakes using surface-monitoring networks. However, the recent increase of 3D monitoring networks deployed in the shallow subsurface and underground laboratories toward the monitoring of microseismicity allows to extend the directivity analysis to 3D modeling, beyond the usual range of magnitudes. The high-quality full waveforms recorded for the largest, decimeter-scale acoustic emission (AE) events during a meter-scale hydraulic fracturing experiment in granites at similar to 410 m depth allow us to resolve the apparent durations observed at each AE sensor to analyze 3D-directivity effects. Unilateral and (asymmetric) bilateral ruptures are then characterized by the introduction of a parameter kappa, representing the angle between the directivity vector and the station vector. While the cloud of AE activity indicates the planes of the hydrofractures, the resolved directivity vectors show off-plane orientations, indicating that rupture planes of microfractures on a scale of centimeters have different geometries. Our results reveal a general alignment of the rupture directivity with the orientation of the minimum horizontal stress, implying that not only the slip direction but also the fracture growth produced by the fluid injections is controlled by the local stress conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LauLiuMaieretal.2021,
  author    = {Lau, Skadi and Liu, Yue and Maier, Anna and Braune, Steffen and Gossen, Manfred and Neffe, Axel T. and Lendlein, Andreas},
  title     = {Establishment of an in vitro thrombogenicity test system with cyclic olefin copolymer substrate for endothelial layer formation},
  series = {MRS communications / a publication of the Materials Research Society},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {MRS communications / a publication of the Materials Research Society},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Berlin},
  issn      = {2159-6867},
  doi       = {10.1557/s43579-021-00072-6},
  pages     = {559 -- 567},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In vitro thrombogenicity test systems require co-cultivation of endothelial cells and platelets under blood flow-like conditions. Here, a commercially available perfusion system is explored using plasma-treated cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) as a substrate for the endothelial cell layer. COC was characterized prior to endothelialization and co-cultivation with platelets under static or flow conditions. COC exhibits a low roughness and a moderate hydrophilicity. Flow promoted endothelial cell growth and prevented platelet adherence. These findings show the suitability of COC as substrate and the importance of blood flow-like conditions for the assessment of the thrombogenic risk of drugs or cardiovascular implant materials.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StraubePreickNayloretal.2021,
  author    = {Straube, Nicolas and Preick, Michaela and Naylor, Gavin J. P. and Hofreiter, Michael},
  title     = {Mitochondrial DNA sequencing of a wet-collection syntype demonstrates the importance of type material as genetic resource for lantern shark taxonomy (Chondrichthyes: Etmopteridae)},
  series = {Royal Society Open Science},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Royal Society Open Science},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Royal Society},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2054-5703},
  doi       = {10.1098/rsos.210474},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {After initial detection of target archival DNA of a 116-year-old syntype specimen of the smooth lantern shark, Etmopterus pusillus, in a single-stranded DNA library, we shotgun-sequenced additional 9 million reads from this same DNA library. Sequencing reads were used for extracting mitochondrial sequence information for analyses of mitochondrial DNA characteristics and reconstruction of the mitochondrial genome. The archival DNA is highly fragmented. A total of 4599 mitochondrial reads were available for the genome reconstruction using an iterative mapping approach. The resulting genome sequence has 12 times coverage and a length of 16 741 bp. All 37 vertebrate mitochondrial loci plus the control region were identified and annotated. The mitochondrial NADH2 gene was subsequently used to place the syntype haplotype in a network comprising multiple E. pusillus samples from various distant localities as well as sequences from a morphological similar species, the shortfin smooth lantern shark Etmopterus joungi. Results confirm the almost global distribution of E. pusillus and suggest E. joungi to be a junior synonym of E. pusillus. As mitochondrial DNA often represents the only available reference information in non-model organisms, this study illustrates the importance of mitochondrial DNA from an aged, wet collection type specimen for taxonomy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AndreevRaschkeBiskabornetal.2021,
  author    = {Andreev, Andrei and Raschke, Elena and Biskaborn, Boris and Vyse, Stuart Andrew and Courtin, J{\´e}r{\´e}my and B{\"o}hmer, Thomas and Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen R. and Kruse, Stefan and Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna and Herzschuh, Ulrike},
  title     = {Late Pleistocene to Holocene vegetation and climate changes in northwestern Chukotka (Far East Russia) deduced from lakes Ilirney and Rauchuagytgyn pollen records},
  series = {Boreas : an international journal of quaternary research},
  volume    = {50},
  journal   = {Boreas : an international journal of quaternary research},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford [u.a.]},
  issn      = {0300-9483},
  doi       = {10.1111/bor.12521},
  pages     = {652 -- 670},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This paper presents two new pollen records and quantitative climate reconstructions from northern Chukotka documenting environmental changes over the last 27.9 ka. Open tundra- and steppe-like habitats dominated between 27.9 and 18.7 cal. ka BP. Betula and Alnus shrubs might have grown in sheltered microhabitats but disappeared after 18.7 cal. ka BP. Although the climate was rather harsh, local herb-dominated communities supported herbivores as is evident by the presence of coprophilous spores in the sediments. The increase in Salix and Cyperaceae similar to 16.1 cal. ka BP suggests climate amelioration. Shrub Betula appeared similar to 15.9 cal. ka BP, and became dominant after similar to 15.52 cal. ka BP, whilst typical steppe communities drastically reduced. Very high presence of Botryococcus in the Lateglacial sediments reflects widespread shallow habitats, probably due to lake level increase. Shrub Alnus became common after similar to 13 cal. ka BP reflecting further climate amelioration. Simultaneously, herb communities gradually decreased in the vegetation reaching a minimum similar to 11.8 cal. ka BP. A gradual decrease of algae remains suggests a reduction of shallow-water habitats. Shrubby and graminoid tundra was dominant similar to 11.8-11.1 cal. ka BP, later Salix stands significantly decreased. The forest-tundra ecotone established in the Early Holocene, shortly after 11.1 cal. ka BP. Low contents of green algae in the Early Holocene sediments likely reflect deeper aquatic conditions. The most favourable climate conditions were between similar to 10.6 and 7 cal. ka BP. Vegetation became similar to the modern after similar to 7 cal. ka BP but Pinus pumila came to the Ilirney area at about 1.2 cal. ka BP. It is important to emphasize that the study area provided refugia for Betula and Alnus during MIS 2. It is also notable that our records do not reflect evidence of Younger Dryas cooling, which is inconsistent with some regional environmental records but in good accordance with some others.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LangKoehnenWarbyetal.2021,
  author    = {Lang, Felix and K{\"o}hnen, Eike and Warby, Jonathan and Xu, Ke and Grischek, Max and Wagner, Philipp and Neher, Dieter and Korte, Lars and Albrecht, Steve and Stolterfoht, Martin},
  title     = {Revealing fundamental efficiency limits of monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem photovoltaics through subcell characterization},
  series = {ACS Energy Letters},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {ACS Energy Letters},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {American Chemical Society},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {2380-8195},
  doi       = {10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01783},
  pages     = {3982 -- 3991},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Perovskite/silicon tandem photovoltaics (PVs) promise to accelerate the decarbonization of our energy systems. Here, we present a thorough subcell diagnosis methodology to reveal deep insights into the practical efficiency limitations of state-of-the-art perovskite/silicon tandem PVs. Our subcell selective intensity-dependent photoluminescence (PL) and injection-dependent electroluminescence (EL) measurements allow independent assessment of pseudo-V-OC and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) for both subcells. We reveal identical metrics from PL and EL, which implies well-aligned energy levels throughout the entire cell. Relatively large ideality factors and insufficient charge extraction, however, cause each a fill factor penalty of about 6\% (absolute). Using partial device stacks, we then identify significant losses in standard perovskite subcells due to bulk and interfacial recombination. Lastly, we present strategies to minimize these losses using triple halide (CsFAPb(IBrCI)(3)) based perovskites. Our results give helpful feedback for device development and lay the foundation toward advanced perovskite/silicon tandem PVs capable of exceeding 33\% PCE.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Dosdall2021,
  author    = {Dosdall, Henrik},
  title     = {Attraktivit{\"a}t und Gleichstellung in Milit{\"a}rorganisationen},
  series = {Der moderne Staat},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Der moderne Staat},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Barbara Budrich},
  address   = {Leverkusen-Opladen},
  issn      = {1865-7192},
  doi       = {10.3224/dms.v14i2.01},
  pages     = {455 -- 472},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der Artikel analysiert aus organisationssoziologischer Perspektive wie die Bundeswehr Gleichstellungsrecht umsetzt. Das zentrale Argument lautet, dass die Bundeswehr das Gleichstellungsrecht managerialisiert, indem sie institutionalisierte Praktiken adaptiert, die es erlauben, das Gleichstellungsrecht f{\"u}r den Zweck der Personalgewinnung auszudeuten. Die Adaption dieser Praktiken wird maßgeblich dadurch beg{\"u}nstigt, dass sich das Gleichstellungsrecht als L{\"o}sung mit dem Problem der zuk{\"u}nftigen Personalgewinnung verkn{\"u}pfen l{\"a}sst, nachdem die Bundesregierung die Wehrpflicht aussetzte und beschloss, die Bundeswehr wieder zu vergr{\"o}ßern. Der beschriebene Prozess f{\"u}hrt auch dazu, dass die Bundeswehr in der Umsetzung des Gleichstellungsrechtes zunehmend großen Unternehmen {\"a}hnlicher wird. Insgesamt leistet die vorliegende Studie einen Beitrag zur Analyse der Beziehung staatlicher Organisationen zu ihrer rechtlichen Umwelt.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{VermaMatijevičDenkeretal.2021,
  author    = {Verma, Meetu and Matijevič, Gal and Denker, Carsten and Diercke, Andrea and Dineva, Ekaterina Ivanova and Balthasar, Horst and Kamlah, Robert and Kontogiannis, Ioannis and Kuckein, Christoph and Pal, Partha S.},
  title     = {Classification of high-resolution Solar H alpha spectra using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding},
  series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  volume    = {907},
  journal   = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Institute of Physics Publ.},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1538-4357},
  doi       = {10.3847/1538-4357/abcd95},
  pages     = {14},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The H alpha spectral line is a well-studied absorption line revealing properties of the highly structured and dynamic solar chromosphere. Typical features with distinct spectral signatures in H alpha include filaments and prominences, bright active-region plages, superpenumbrae around sunspots, surges, flares, Ellerman bombs, filigree, and mottles and rosettes, among others. This study is based on high-spectral resolution H alpha spectra obtained with the Echelle spectrograph of the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) located at Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) is a machine-learning algorithm, which is used for nonlinear dimensionality reduction. In this application, it projects H alpha spectra onto a two-dimensional map, where it becomes possible to classify the spectra according to results of cloud model (CM) inversions. The CM parameters optical depth, Doppler width, line-of-sight velocity, and source function describe properties of the cloud material. Initial results of t-SNE indicate its strong discriminatory power to separate quiet-Sun and plage profiles from those that are suitable for CM inversions. In addition, a detailed study of various t-SNE parameters is conducted, the impact of seeing conditions on the classification is assessed, results for various types of input data are compared, and the identified clusters are linked to chromospheric features. Although t-SNE proves to be efficient in clustering high-dimensional data, human inference is required at each step to interpret the results. This exploratory study provides a framework and ideas on how to tailor a classification scheme toward specific spectral data and science questions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Dosdall2021,
  author    = {Dosdall, Henrik},
  title     = {Die NSU-Ermittlungen 1998-2011},
  publisher = {Springer VS},
  address   = {Wiesbaden},
  isbn      = {978-3-658-31526-9},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-658-31527-6},
  pages     = {IX, 199},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Das Buch analysiert die sicherheitsbeh{\"o}rdlichen Ermittlungen zu der rechten Terrorgruppe „Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund" aus einer Routine- und Lernperspektive. Im Fokus stehen die Ermittlungen der th{\"u}ringischen Sicherheitsbeh{\"o}rden ab 1998 sowie die bundesweiten polizeilichen Ermittlungen ab 2000. Die Analyse zeigt, dass es jeweils organisationale Faktoren waren, die den Misserfolg der Ermittlungen beg{\"u}nstigten: die sicherheitsbeh{\"o}rdlichen Ermittlungsroutinen wurden durch Aufmerksamkeitsverschiebungen unsystematisch, durch mikropolitische Konflikte beeintr{\"a}chtigt und durch vergangene Erfahrungen limitiert, die zu enge Pr{\"a}missen f{\"u}r gegenw{\"a}rtige Ermittlungen setzten. Insgesamt verdeutlicht die Studie, dass eine organisationssoziologische Perspektive auf die Ermittlungen einen entscheidenden Beitrag zum Verst{\"a}ndnis des NSU-Komplexes bietet. - der Ermittlungsfall NSU erstmal organisationssoziologisch analysisiert - Untersuchung von F{\"u}hrungsfragen und Polizeikultur - theoretischer innovativer Ansatz in der Polizeiforschung},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{NooshiriBeanDahmetal.2021,
  author    = {Nooshiri, Nima and Bean, Christopher J. and Dahm, Torsten and Grigoli, Francesco and Kristjansdottir, Sigriour and Obermann, Anne and Wiemer, Stefan},
  title     = {A multibranch, multitarget neural network for rapid point-source inversion in a microseismic environment},
  series = {Geophysical journal international},
  volume    = {229},
  journal   = {Geophysical journal international},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0956-540X},
  doi       = {10.1093/gji/ggab511},
  pages     = {999 -- 1016},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Despite advanced seismological techniques, automatic source characterization for microseismic earthquakes remains difficult and challenging since current inversion and modelling of high-frequency signals are complex and time consuming. For real-time applications such as induced seismicity monitoring, the application of standard methods is often not fast enough for true complete real-time information on seismic sources. In this paper, we present an alternative approach based on recent advances in deep learning for rapid source-parameter estimation of microseismic earthquakes. The seismic inversion is represented in compact form by two convolutional neural networks, with individual feature extraction, and a fully connected neural network, for feature aggregation, to simultaneously obtain full moment tensor and spatial location of microseismic sources. Specifically, a multibranch neural network algorithm is trained to encapsulate the information about the relationship between seismic waveforms and underlying point-source mechanisms and locations. The learning-based model allows rapid inversion (within a fraction of second) once input data are available. A key advantage of the algorithm is that it can be trained using synthetic seismic data only, so it is directly applicable to scenarios where there are insufficient real data for training. Moreover, we find that the method is robust with respect to perturbations such as observational noise and data incompleteness (missing stations). We apply the new approach on synthesized and example recorded small magnitude (M <= 1.6) earthquakes at the Hellisheioi geothermal field in the Hengill area, Iceland. For the examined events, the model achieves excellent performance and shows very good agreement with the inverted solutions determined through standard methodology. In this study, we seek to demonstrate that this approach is viable for microseismicity real-time estimation of source parameters and can be integrated into advanced decision-support tools for controlling induced seismicity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HuChengXuetal.2021,
  author    = {Hu, Ting-Li and Cheng, Feng and Xu, Zhen and Chen, Zhong-Zheng and Yu, Lei and Ban, Qian and Li, Chun-Lin and Pan, Tao and Zhang, Bao-Wei},
  title     = {Molecular and morphological evidence for a new species of the genus Typhlomys (Rodentia: Platacanthomyidae)},
  series = {Zoological research : ZR = Dongwuxue-yanjiu : jikan / published by Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguo Kexueyuan Kunming Dongwu Yanjiusuo zhuban, Dongwuxue-yanjiu Bianji Weiyuanhui bianji},
  volume    = {42},
  journal   = {Zoological research : ZR = Dongwuxue-yanjiu : jikan / published by Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguo Kexueyuan Kunming Dongwu Yanjiusuo zhuban, Dongwuxue-yanjiu Bianji Weiyuanhui bianji},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Yunnan Renmin Chubanshe},
  address   = {Kunming},
  issn      = {2095-8137},
  doi       = {10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.132},
  pages     = {100 -- 107},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In this study, we reassessed the taxonomic position of Typhlomys (Rodentia: Platacanthomyidae) from Huangshan, Anhui, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence. Results suggested that Typhlomys is comprised of up to six species, including four currently recognized species ( Typhlomys cinereus, T. chapensis, T. daloushanensis, and T. nanus), one unconfirmed candidate species, and one new species ( Typhlomys huangshanensis sp. nov.). Morphological analyses further supported the designation of the Huangshan specimens found at mid-elevations in the southern Huangshan Mountains (600 m to 1 200 m a.s.l.) as a new species.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FritschSprengelEvansetal.2021,
  author    = {Fritsch, Tobias and Sprengel, Maximilian and Evans, Alexander and Farahbod-Sternahl, Lena and Saliwan-Neumann, Romeo and Hofmann, Michael and Bruno, Giovanni},
  title     = {On the determination of residual stresses in additively manufactured lattice structures},
  series = {Journal of applied crystallography / International Union of Crystallography},
  volume    = {54},
  journal   = {Journal of applied crystallography / International Union of Crystallography},
  publisher = {Munksgaard},
  address   = {Copenhagen},
  issn      = {0021-8898},
  doi       = {10.1107/S1600576720015344},
  pages     = {228 -- 236},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The determination of residual stresses becomes more complicated with increasing complexity of the structures investigated. Additive manufacturing techniques generally allow the production of 'lattice structures' without any additional manufacturing step. These lattice structures consist of thin struts and are thus susceptible to internal stress-induced distortion and even cracks. In most cases, internal stresses remain locked in the structures as residual stress. The determination of the residual stress in lattice structures through nondestructive neutron diffraction is described in this work. It is shown how two difficulties can be overcome: (a) the correct alignment of the lattice structures within the neutron beam and (b) the correct determination of the residual stress field in a representative part of the structure. The magnitude and the direction of residual stress are discussed. The residual stress in the strut was found to be uniaxial and to follow the orientation of the strut, while the residual stress in the knots was more hydrostatic. Additionally, it is shown that strain measurements in at least seven independent directions are necessary for the estimation of the principal stress directions. The measurement directions should be chosen according to the sample geometry and an informed choice on the possible strain field. If the most prominent direction is not measured, the error in the calculated stress magnitude increases considerably.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MendezMasoPuigdellosasSandevetal.2021,
  author    = {Mendez, Vicenc and Maso-Puigdellosas, Axel and Sandev, Trifce and Campos, Daniel},
  title     = {Continuous time random walks under Markovian resetting},
  series = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics},
  volume    = {103},
  journal   = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {American Physical Society},
  address   = {College Park},
  issn      = {2470-0045},
  doi       = {10.1103/PhysRevE.103.022103},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {We investigate the effects of Markovian resetting events on continuous time random walks where the waiting times and the jump lengths are random variables distributed according to power-law probability density functions. We prove the existence of a nonequilibrium stationary state and finite mean first arrival time. However, the existence of an optimum reset rate is conditioned to a specific relationship between the exponents of both power-law tails. We also investigate the search efficiency by finding the optimal random walk which minimizes the mean first arrival time in terms of the reset rate, the distance of the initial position to the target, and the characteristic transport exponents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrahmsHortobagyiKressigetal.2021,
  author    = {Brahms, Clemens Markus and Hortob{\´a}gyi, Tibor and Kressig, Reto W. and Granacher, Urs},
  title     = {The Interaction between mobility status and exercise specificity in older adults},
  series = {Exercise and sport sciences reviews},
  volume    = {49},
  journal   = {Exercise and sport sciences reviews},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
  address   = {Hagerstown, Md.},
  issn      = {0091-6331},
  doi       = {10.1249/JES.0000000000000237},
  pages     = {15 -- 22},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Many adults older than 60 yr experience mobility limitations. Although physical exercise improves older adults' mobility, differences in baseline mobility produce large variations in individual responses to interventions, and these responses could further vary by the type and dose of exercise. Here, we propose an exercise prescription model for older adults based on their current mobility status.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TungSunWangetal.2021,
  author    = {Tung, Wing Tai and Sun, Xianlei and Wang, Weiwei and Xu, Xun and Ma, Nan and Lendlein, Andreas},
  title     = {Structure, mechanical properties and degradation behavior of electrospun PEEU fiber meshes and films},
  series = {MRS advances : a journal of the Materials Research Society (MRS)},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {MRS advances : a journal of the Materials Research Society (MRS)},
  number    = {10},
  publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland AG},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {2059-8521},
  doi       = {10.1557/s43580-020-00001-0},
  pages     = {276 -- 282},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The capability of a degradable implant to provide mechanical support depends on its degradation behavior. Hydrolytic degradation was studied for a polyesteretherurethane (PEEU70), which consists of poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) segments with a weight ratio of 70:30 linked by diurethane junction units. PEEU70 samples prepared in the form of meshes with average fiber diameters of 1.5 mu m (mesh1.5) and 1.2 mu m (mesh1.2), and films were sterilized and incubated in PBS at 37 degrees C with 5 vol\% CO2 supply for 1 to 6 weeks. Degradation features, such as cracks or wrinkles, became apparent from week 4 for all samples. Mass loss was found to be 11 wt\%, 6 wt\%, and 4 wt\% for mesh1.2, mesh1.5, and films at week 6. The elongation at break decreased to under 20\% in two weeks for mesh1.2. In case of the other two samples, this level of degradation was achieved after 4 weeks. The weight average molecular weight of both PEEU70 mesh and film samples decreased to below 30 kg/mol when elongation at break dropped below 20\%. The time period of sustained mechanical stability of PEEU70-based meshes depends on the fiber diameter and molecular weight.},
  language  = {en}
}