@article{Rauh2005,
  author    = {Rauh, Hellgard},
  title     = {"At-risk" concept},
  isbn      = {0-562-165117-4},
  year      = {2005},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BelliFelisattiFischer2021,
  author    = {Belli, Francesco and Felisatti, Arianna and Fischer, Martin H.},
  title     = {"BreaThink"},
  series = {Experimental brain research},
  volume    = {239},
  journal   = {Experimental brain research},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {0014-4819},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00221-021-06147-z},
  pages     = {2489 -- 2499},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Cognition is shaped by signals from outside and within the body. Following recent evidence of interoceptive signals modulating higher-level cognition, we examined whether breathing changes the production and perception of quantities. In Experiment 1, 22 adults verbally produced on average larger random numbers after inhaling than after exhaling. In Experiment 2, 24 further adults estimated the numerosity of dot patterns that were briefly shown after either inhaling or exhaling. Again, we obtained on average larger responses following inhalation than exhalation. These converging results extend models of situated cognition according to which higher-level cognition is sensitive to transient interoceptive states.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WarschburgerKroeller2012,
  author    = {Warschburger, Petra and Kr{\"o}ller, Katja},
  title     = {"Childhood overweight and obesity maternal perceptions of the time for engaging in child weight management"},
  series = {BMC public health},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {BMC public health},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1471-2458},
  doi       = {10.1186/1471-2458-12-295},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Background: There is an increasing awareness of the impact of parental risk perception on the weight course of the child and the parent's readiness to engage in preventive efforts, but only less is known about factors related to the parental perception of the right time for the implementation of preventive activities. The aim of this study was to examine parental perceptions of the appropriate time to engage in child weight management strategies, and the factors associated with different weight points at which mothers recognize the need for preventive actions. Methods: 352 mothers with children aged 2-10 years took part in the study. We assessed mothers' perceptions of the actual and preferred weight status of their child, their ability to identify overweight and knowledge of its associated health risks, as well as perceptions of the right time for action to prevent overweight in their child. A regression analysis was conducted to examine whether demographic and weight related factors as well as the maternal general risk perception were associated with recognizing the need to implement prevention strategies. Results: Although most of the parents considered a BMI in the 75th to 90th percentile a valid reason to engage in the prevention of overweight, 19\% of the mothers were not willing to engage in prevention until their child reached the 97th percentile. Whereas the child's sex and the identification of an elevated BMI were significant predictors for parents' recognition of the 75th percentile as right point to engage in prevention efforts, an inability to recognize physical health risks associated with overweight silhouettes emerged as a significant factor predicting which parents would delay prevention efforts until a child's BMI reached the 97th percentile. Conclusion: Parental misperceptions of overweight and associated health risks constitute unfavorable conditions for preventive actions. Feedback on the health risks associated with overweight could help increase maternal readiness for change.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GamezGuadixWachsWright2020,
  author    = {Gamez-Guadix, Manuel and Wachs, Sebastian and Wright, Michelle F.},
  title     = {"Haters back off!" psychometric properties of the coping with cyberhate questionnaire and relationship with well-being in Spanish adolescents},
  series = {Psicothema},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {Psicothema},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Colegio oficial de psicologos de asturias},
  address   = {Oviedo},
  issn      = {0214-9915},
  doi       = {10.7334/psicothema2020.219},
  pages     = {567 -- 574},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background: Cyberhate is a growing form of online aggression against a person or a group based on race, ethnicity, nationality, sexual orientation, gender, religion, or disability. The present study aims to examine psychometric properties of the Coping with Cyberhate Questionnaire, the prevalence of coping strategies in Spanish adolescents, differences in coping strategies based in sex, age, and victim status, and the association between coping with cyberhate and adolescents' mental well-being. Method: The sample consisted of 1,005 adolescents between 12 and 18 years old (Mage = 14.28 years, SD = 1.63; 51.9\% girls) who completed self-report measures on coping strategies, victimization status, and mental well-being. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analyses showed a structure for the Coping with Cyberhate Questionnaire composed of six factors, namely Distal advice, Assertiveness, Helplessness/Selfblame, Close support, Technical coping, and Retaliation. It demonstrated acceptable internal consistency. The three most frequently endorsed coping strategies were Technical coping, Close support, and Assertiveness. In addition, lower Helplessness/Self-blame, and higher Close-support, Assertiveness, and Distal advice were significantly related to adolescents' better mental well-being. Conclusion: Prevention programs that educate adolescents about how to deal with cyberhate are needed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LazurasBarkoukisLoukovitisetal.2017,
  author    = {Lazuras, Lambros and Barkoukis, Vassilis and Loukovitis, Andreas and Brand, Ralf and Hudson, Andy and Mallia, Luca and Michaelides, Michalis and Muzi, Milena and Petroczi, Andrea and Zelli, Arnaldo},
  title     = {"I Want It All, and I Want It Now": Lifetime Prevalence and Reasons for Using and Abstaining from Controlled Performance and Appearance Enhancing Substances (PAES) among Young Exercisers and Amateur Athletes in Five European Countries},
  series = {Frontiers in psychology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in psychology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-1078},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00717},
  pages     = {9},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Doping use in recreational sports is an emerging issue that has received limited attention so far in the psychological literature. The present study assessed the lifetime prevalence of controlled performance and appearance enhancing substances ( PAES), and used behavioral reasoning theory to identify the reasons for using and for avoiding using controlled PAES in young exercisers across five European countries, in the context of the "SAFE YOU" Project. Participants were 915 young amateur athletes and exercisers (M = 21.62; SD = 2.62) from Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Italy, and UK who completed an anonymous questionnaire that included measures of self-reported use of controlled PAES, as well as reasons for using and not using controlled PAES. The results of the descriptive analyses demonstrated that almost one out five exercisers in the sample had a previous experience with controlled PAES. Higher prevalence rates were found in Greece and Cyprus and lower in Italy. The most frequently reported reasons for using controlled PAES included achieving the desired results faster; pushing the self to the (physical) limits; and recovering faster after exercise/training. Furthermore, the most frequently reported reasons for not using controlled PAES involved worry about any possible adverse health effects; not feeling the need for using them; and wanting to see what can be achieved naturally without using any controlled PAES. The findings of the present study indicate that the use of controlled PAES is fast becoming a crisis in amateur sports and exercise settings and highlight the need for preventive action and concerted anti-doping education efforts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HildebrandHeydenreichLaschewskyetal.2017,
  author    = {Hildebrand, Viet and Heydenreich, Matthias and Laschewsky, Andre and Moeller, Heiko M. and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter and Papadakis, Christine M. and Schanzenbach, Dirk and Wischerhoff, Erik},
  title     = {"Schizophrenic" self-assembly of dual thermoresponsive block copolymers bearing a zwitterionic and a non-ionic hydrophilic block},
  series = {Polymer : the international journal for the science and technology of polymers},
  volume    = {122},
  journal   = {Polymer : the international journal for the science and technology of polymers},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0032-3861},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.polymer.2017.06.063},
  pages     = {347 -- 357},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Several series of presumed dual thermo-responsive diblock copolymers consisting of one non-ionic and one zwitterionic block were synthesized via consecutive reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. For all copolymers, poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) was chosen as non-ionic block that shows a coil-to-globule collapse transition of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) type. In contrast, the chemical structure of zwitterionic blocks, which all belonged to the class of poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)s, was varied broadly, in order to tune their coil-to-globule collapse transition of the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) type. All polymers were labeled with a solvatochromic fluorescent end-group. The dual thermo-responsive behavior and the resulting multifarious temperature-dependent self-assembly in aqueous solution were mapped by temperature resolved turbidimetry, H-1 NMR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Depending on the relative positions between the UCST-type and LCST-type transition temperatures, as well as on the width of the window in-between, all the four possible modes of stimulus induced micellization can be realized. This includes classical induced micellization due to a transition from a double hydrophilic, or respectively, from a double hydrophobic to an amphiphilic state, as well as "schizophrenic" behavior, where the core- and shell-forming blocks are inverted. The exchange of the roles of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic block in the amphiphilic states is possible through a homogeneous intermediate state or a heterogeneous one. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwarzenthalJuangSchachneretal.2019,
  author    = {Schwarzenthal, Miriam and Juang, Linda P. and Schachner, Maja Katharina and van de Vijver, Fons J. R.},
  title     = {"When birds of a different feather flock together" - intercultural socialization in adolescents' friendships},
  series = {International Journal of Intercultural Relations},
  volume    = {72},
  journal   = {International Journal of Intercultural Relations},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0147-1767},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.ijintrel.2019.07.001},
  pages     = {61 -- 75},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {We conclude that intercultural friendships are associated with important skills that are needed in increasingly multicultural societies if students experience and discuss cultural variations in these friendships.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ShakiSeryFischer2015,
  author    = {Shaki, Samuel and Sery, Noa and Fischer, Martin H.},
  title     = {1 + 2 is more than 2 + 1: Violations of commutativity and identity axioms in mental arithmetic},
  series = {Journal of cognitive psychology},
  volume    = {27},
  journal   = {Journal of cognitive psychology},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {2044-5911},
  doi       = {10.1080/20445911.2014.973414},
  pages     = {471 -- 477},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Over the past decade or so, a large number of studies have revealed that conceptual meaning is sensitive to situational context. More recently, similar contextual influences have been documented in the domain of number knowledge. Here we show such context dependency in a length production task. Adult participants saw single digit addition problems of the form n1 + n2 and produced the sum by changing bi-directionally the length of a horizontally extended line, using radially arranged buttons. We found that longer lines were produced when n1 < n2 compared to n1 > n2 and that unit size increased with result size. Thus, the mathematical axioms of commutativity and identity do not seem to hold in mental addition. We discuss implications of these observations for our understanding of cognitive mechanisms involved in mental arithmetic and for situated cognition generally.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EsserWyschkon2001,
  author    = {Esser, G{\"u}nter and Wyschkon, Anne},
  title     = {17 Jahre danach : was wird aus Kindern mit Legasthenie?},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Schwarz2008,
  author    = {Schwarz, Wolfgang},
  title     = {40 puzzles and problems in probability and mathematical statistics},
  publisher = {Springer Science+Business Media LLC},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  isbn      = {978-0-387-73511-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-0-387-73512-2},
  pages     = {XII, 124 S.},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WyschkonSchulzGallitetal.2017,
  author    = {Wyschkon, Anne and Schulz, Franziska and Gallit, Finja Sunnyi and Poltz, Nadine and Kohn-Henkel, Juliane and Moraske, Svenja and Bondue, Rebecca and von Aster, Michael G. and Esser, G{\"u}nter},
  title     = {5-Jahres-Verlauf der LRS},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie},
  volume    = {46},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Hogrefe},
  address   = {Bern},
  issn      = {1422-4917},
  doi       = {10.1024/1422-4917/a000535},
  pages     = {107 -- 122},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Fragestellung: Untersucht wird der Verlauf von Kindern mit Lese-Rechtschreibst{\"o}rungen (LRS) {\"u}ber gut 5 Jahre unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung des Einflusses des Geschlechts der Betroffenen. Außerdem werden Auswirkungen der LRS auf das sp{\"a}tere Schriftsprachniveau und den Schulerfolg {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Methodik: Eingangs wurden 995 Sch{\"u}ler zwischen 6 und 16 Jahren untersucht. Ein Teil dieser Kinder ist nach 43 sowie 63 Monaten nachuntersucht worden. Eine LRS wurde diagnostiziert, wenn f{\"u}r das Lesen bzw. Rechtschreiben das doppelte Diskrepanzkriterium von 1.5 Standardabweichungen zur nonverbalen Intelligenz und dem Mittelwert der Klassenstufe erf{\"u}llt war und gleichzeitig keine Minderbegabung vorlag. Ergebnisse: Die LRS weist {\"u}ber einen Zeitraum von 63 Monaten eine hohe St{\"o}rungspersistenz von knapp 70 \% auf. Der 5-Jahres-Verlauf der mittleren Lese- und Rechtschreibleistungen wurde nicht vom Geschlecht beeinflusst. Trotz durchschnittlicher Intelligenz blieben die LRS-Sch{\"u}ler in der Schriftsprache mindestens eine Standardabweichung hinter durchschnittlich und etwa 0.5 Standardabweichungseinheiten hinter unterdurchschnittlich intelligenten Kindern zur{\"u}ck. Der Schulerfolg der LRS-Sch{\"u}ler glich dem unterdurchschnittlich intelligenter Kinder und fiel deutlich schlechter aus als bei durchschnittlich intelligenten Kontrollkindern. Schlussfolgerungen: Eine LRS stellt ein erhebliches Entwicklungsrisiko dar, was fr{\"u}hzeitige Diagnostik- und Therapiemaßnahmen erfordert. Daf{\"u}r sind reliable und im Hinblick auf die resultierenden Pr{\"a}valenzraten sinnvolle, allgemein anerkannte Diagnosekriterien essenziell.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{RabeChandraKruegeletal.2021,
  author    = {Rabe, Maximilian Michael and Chandra, Johan and Kr{\"u}gel, Andr{\´e} and Seelig, Stefan A. and Vasishth, Shravan and Engbert, Ralf},
  title     = {A bayesian approach to dynamical modeling of eye-movement control in reading of normal, mirrored, and scrambled texts},
  series = {Psychological Review},
  volume    = {128},
  journal   = {Psychological Review},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {American Psychological Association},
  address   = {Washington},
  issn      = {0033-295X},
  doi       = {10.1037/rev0000268},
  pages     = {803 -- 823},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In eye-movement control during reading, advanced process-oriented models have been developed to reproduce behavioral data. So far, model complexity and large numbers of model parameters prevented rigorous statistical inference and modeling of interindividual differences. Here we propose a Bayesian approach to both problems for one representative computational model of sentence reading (SWIFT; Engbert et al., Psychological Review, 112, 2005, pp. 777-813). We used experimental data from 36 subjects who read the text in a normal and one of four manipulated text layouts (e.g., mirrored and scrambled letters). The SWIFT model was fitted to subjects and experimental conditions individually to investigate between- subject variability. Based on posterior distributions of model parameters, fixation probabilities and durations are reliably recovered from simulated data and reproduced for withheld empirical data, at both the experimental condition and subject levels. A subsequent statistical analysis of model parameters across reading conditions generates model-driven explanations for observable effects between conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FelisattiLaubrockShakietal.2020,
  author    = {Felisatti, Arianna and Laubrock, Jochen and Shaki, Samuel and Fischer, Martin H.},
  title     = {A biological foundation for spatial-numerical associations},
  series = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
  volume    = {1477},
  journal   = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0077-8923},
  doi       = {10.1111/nyas.14418},
  pages     = {44 -- 53},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {"Left" and "right" coordinates control our spatial behavior and even influence abstract thoughts. For number concepts, horizontal spatial-numerical associations (SNAs) have been widely documented: we associate few with left and many with right. Importantly, increments are universally coded on the right side even in preverbal humans and nonhuman animals, thus questioning the fundamental role of directional cultural habits, such as reading or finger counting. Here, we propose a biological, nonnumerical mechanism for the origin of SNAs on the basis of asymmetric tuning of animal brains for different spatial frequencies (SFs). The resulting selective visual processing predicts both universal SNAs and their context-dependence. We support our proposal by analyzing the stimuli used to document SNAs in newborns for their SF content. As predicted, the SFs contained in visual patterns with few versus many elements preferentially engage right versus left brain hemispheres, respectively, thus predicting left-versus rightward behavioral biases. Our "brain's asymmetric frequency tuning" hypothesis explains the perceptual origin of horizontal SNAs for nonsymbolic visual numerosities and might be extensible to the auditory domain.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{MotaLeckeltGeukesetal.2018,
  author    = {Mota, Simon and Leckelt, Marius and Geukes, Katharina and Nestler, Steffen and Humberg, Sarah and Schr{\"o}der-Abe, Michela and Schmukle, Stefan C. and Back, Mitja D.},
  title     = {A comprehensive examination of narcissists' self-perceived and actual socioemotional cognition ability},
  series = {Collabra: Psychology},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Collabra: Psychology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {University of California Press},
  address   = {Oakland},
  issn      = {2474-7394},
  doi       = {10.1525/collabra.174},
  pages     = {25},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Narcissists are assumed to lack the motivation and ability to share and understand the mental states of others. Prior empirical research, however, has yielded inconclusive findings and has differed with respect to the specific aspects of narcissism and socioemotional cognition that have been examined. Here, we propose a differentiated facet approach that can be applied across research traditions and that distinguishes between facets of narcissism (agentic vs. antagonistic) on the one hand, and facets of socioemotional cognition ability (SECA; self-perceived vs. actual) on the other. Using five nonclinical samples in two studies (total N = 602), we investigated the effect of facets of grandiose narcissism on aspects of socioemotional cognition across measures of affective and cognitive empathy, Theory of Mind, and emotional intelligence, while also controlling for general reasoning ability. Across both studies, agentic facets of narcissism were found to be positively related to perceived SECA, whereas antagonistic facets of narcissism were found to be negatively related to perceived SECA. However, both narcissism facets were negatively related to actual SECA. Exploratory condition-based regression analyses further showed that agentic narcissists had a higher directed discrepancy between perceived and actual SECA: They self-enhanced their socio-emotional capacities. Implications of these results for the multifaceted theoretical understanding of the narcissism-SECA link are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Engbert2012,
  author    = {Engbert, Ralf},
  title     = {A computational model of microsaccadic responses to shifts of covert attention},
  series = {Perception},
  volume    = {41},
  booktitle = {Perception},
  publisher = {Sage Publ.},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {0301-0066},
  pages     = {55 -- 55},
  year      = {2012},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Muschalla2018,
  author    = {Muschalla, Beate},
  title     = {A concept of psychological work capacity demands},
  series = {Work : a journal of prevention, assessment \& rehabilitation},
  volume    = {59},
  journal   = {Work : a journal of prevention, assessment \& rehabilitation},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {1051-9815},
  doi       = {10.3233/WOR-182691},
  pages     = {375 -- 386},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {BACKGROUND: Work capacity demands are a concept to describe which psychological capacities are required in a job. Assessing psychological work capacity demands is of specific importance when mental health problems at work endanger work ability. Exploring psychological work capacity demands is the basis for mental hazard analysis or rehabilitative action, e.g. in terms of work adjustment. OBJECTIVE: This is the first study investigating psychological work capacity demands in rehabilitation patients with and without mental disorders. METHODS: A structured interview on psychological work capacity demands (Mini-ICF-Work; Muschalla, 2015; Linden et al., 2015) was done with 166 rehabilitation patients of working age. All interviews were done by a state-licensed socio-medically trained psychotherapist. Inter-rater-reliability was assessed by determining agreement in independent co-rating in 65 interviews. For discriminant validity purposes, participants filled in the Short Questionnaire for Work Analysis (KFZA, Prumper et al., 1994). RESULTS: In different professional fields, different psychological work capacity demands were of importance. The Mini-ICF-Work capacity dimensions reflect different aspects than the KFZA. Patients with mental disorders were longer on sick leave and had worse work ability prognosis than patients without mental disorders, although both groups reported similar work capacity demands. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological work demands - which are highly relevant for work ability prognosis and work adjustment processes - can be explored and differentiated in terms of psychological capacity demands.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KratkySchroederAbe2020,
  author    = {Kratky, Nicole and Schr{\"o}der-Ab{\´e}, Michela},
  title     = {A court file analysis of child protection cases},
  series = {Child \& family social work},
  volume    = {25},
  journal   = {Child \& family social work},
  number    = {S1},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1356-7500},
  doi       = {10.1111/cfs.12744},
  pages     = {169 -- 177},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Children's participation in legal proceedings affecting them personally has been gaining importance. So far, a primary research concern has been how children experience their participation in court proceedings. However, little is known about the child's voice itself: Are children able to clearly express their wishes, and if so, what do they say in child protection cases? In this study, we extracted information about children's statements from court file data of 220 child protection cases in Germany. We found 182 children were asked about their wishes. The majority of the statements found came either from reports of the guardians ad litem or from judicial records of the child hearings. Using content analysis, three main aspects of the statements were extracted: wishes concerning main place of residence, wishes about whom to have or not contact with, and children granting decision-making authority to someone else. Children's main focus was on their parents, but others (e.g., relatives and foster care providers) were also mentioned. Intercoder agreement was substantial. Making sure that child hearings are as informative as possible is in the child's best interest. Therefore, the categories developed herein might help professionals to ask questions more precisely relevant to the child.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SegeBradleyWeymaretal.2017,
  author    = {Sege, Christopher T. and Bradley, Margaret M. and Weymar, Mathias and Lang, Peter J.},
  title     = {A direct comparison of appetitive and aversive anticipation},
  series = {Behavioural brain research : an international journal},
  volume    = {326},
  journal   = {Behavioural brain research : an international journal},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0166-4328},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.005},
  pages     = {96 -- 102},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {fMRI studies of reward find increased neural activity in ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), whereas other regions, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (d1PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and anterior insula, are activated when anticipating aversive exposure. Although these data suggest differential activation during anticipation of pleasant or of unpleasant exposure, they also arise in the context of different paradigms (e.g., preparation for reward vs. threat of shock) and participants. To determine overlapping and unique regions active during emotional anticipation, we compared neural activity during anticipation of pleasant or unpleasant exposure in the same participants. Cues signalled the upcoming presentation of erotic/romantic, violent, or everyday pictures while BOLD activity during the 9-s anticipatory period was measured using fMRI. Ventral striatum and a ventral mPFC subregion were activated when anticipating pleasant, but not unpleasant or neutral, pictures, whereas activation in other regions was enhanced when anticipating appetitive or aversive scenes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngbertLongtinKliegl2002,
  author    = {Engbert, Ralf and Longtin, Andre and Kliegl, Reinhold},
  title     = {A dynamical model of saccade generation in reading based on spatially distributed lexical processing},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrauseBekkeringLindemann2013,
  author    = {Krause, Florian and Bekkering, Harold and Lindemann, Oliver},
  title     = {A feeling for numbers shared metric for symbolic and tactile numerosities},
  series = {Frontiers in psychology},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Frontiers in psychology},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-1078},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00007},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Evidence for an approximate analog system of numbers has been provided by the finding that the comparison of two numerals takes longer and is more error-prone if the semantic distance between the numbers becomes smaller (so-called numerical distance effect). Recent embodied theories suggest that analog number representations are based on previous sensory experiences and constitute therefore a common magnitude metric shared by multiple domains. Here we demonstrate the existence of a cross-modal semantic distance effect between symbolic and tactile numerosities. Participants received tactile stimulations of different amounts of fingers while reading Arabic digits and indicated verbally whether the amount of stimulated fingers was different from the simultaneously presented digit or not. The larger the semantic distance was between the two numerosities, the faster and more accurate participants made their judgments. This cross-modal numerosity distance effect suggests a direct connection between tactile sensations and the concept of numerical magnitude. A second experiment replicated the interaction between symbolic and tactile numerosities and showed that this effect is not modulated by the participants' finger counting habits. Taken together, our data provide novel evidence for a shared metric for symbolic and tactile numerosities as an instance of an embodied representation of numbers.},
  language  = {en}
}